HomeMy WebLinkAbout1.15 Cultural surveyFOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY: DISCLOSURE OF SITE LoCATIONS IS PROHIBITED (43 CFR 7.18) Class III Cultural Resource Inventory Report for the Chevron Site Development Project in Garfield County,
Colorado, for Chevron North America Exploration and Production GR! Project No. 2830 3 September 2008 Prepared by Carl E. Conner, Principal Investigator and Barbara J. Davenport Grand
River Institute P.O. Box 3543 Grand Junction, Colorado 8 t 502 BLM Antiquities Permit No. C-52775 Submitted to Colorado State Historical Society Office of Archaeology & Historic Preservation
1300 Broadway Denver Colorado 80203
Abstract At the request of the Chevron North America, a Class III cultural resource inventory of two large block areas was conducted by Orand River Institute for the proposed Chevron
Site Development Project located in the Clear Creek area north of Debeque, Colorado. The inventory and report preparation were conducted by Carl COlmer (Principal Investigator), Travis
Archulcta, Jim Conner, Nicole Darnell, and Barbara Davenport of Orand River Institute under BLM Antiquities Permit No. C-52775. As a result, a total of2,528 acres of private land were
subjected to intensive inventory during this project. Field work was perfonned between the 29'" of May and the 29'" of August 2008. The Class III inventory was undertaken to identity
resources within the project area, to evaluate these sites' eligibility for listing in the National Register of Historic Places, and to make management recommendations for those sites
determined eligible. Files searches for this project made through the offiecs ofthe Colorado Historical Society and the Oovernment Land Office maps identified two historic sites; 50F351
and 50F4224.1 that would need additional assessment. As a result of the Class III inventory, previously recorded sites 50F35 I and 50F4224.1 were revisited and re-evaluated. Additionally,
five historic sites 50F4206 through 50F42 I 0, and onc historic isolated find, 50F4223, were newly documented. Site 50F4208 was evaluated as need data because old buildings of a homestead
are within an operating ranch with modem structures and access to the site was limited. The remaining historic cultural resources were field evaluated as not eligible for listing on
the National Register of Historic Places. Accordingly, a determination of "no effect" for the project is recommended pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Ace
(36 CrR 800). No further work is recommended. II ) )
Table of Contents Introduction Location of the Project Area ............................................... . Environment ............................................................
. Field Methods ........................................................... , 2 Summary of Files Search and Literature Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 3 Relevant Prehistoric Background ........................................... 5 Relevant Historic Background Post-1880 .................................... 10 Study Objectives ...................
..................................... 15 Results ................................................................. IS Site Significance ...................................................
16 Resource Descriptions .................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 16 Discussion ...................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 23 Summary of Site Evaluation and Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Appendix A: Cultural Resources Location Data ............................. A.I List of
Figures, Tables and Plates Figures 1 and 2. Project location maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. iv through v Figures A-I and A-2. Resource location maps
.. " ..... , . '" ......... A.3 through AA Table 1. List of Previously Conducted Survey Projects within or near the project area .... 3 Table 2. List of Previously Recorded Cultural
Resources within or near the project area ., 5 iii
"'C" CI ~ ~ Q" .'.". Colorado Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY MANAGEMENT INFORMATION Please complete this form and attach a copy behind the Table
of Contents of each survey report. Project : Class III Cultural Resource Inventory Report for the Chevron Site Development Project in Garfield County. Colorado for Chevron North American
IGRI Project # 2830. 9/3/081 Acres of Potential Effect/Projcct: Unknown Class III Acres Surveyed: 2528 Private Legal Location of Project (add additional pages if necessary) Principal
Meridian: 6th P.M. Quad Map(s) Names: Mount Blaine Quad map date(s) :----'1-~97~1 _ _ _ _ Quad Map(s) Names:_____ __ Quad map date(s): _____ _ Township: 5 South Range: 98 West Township:
6 South Range: 98 West Township:____ Range: ___ _ Township:____ Range: ___ _ Resource Type Eligibility ;; Smithsonian • -g u " .'" 9 .~ ~ Number u 0 :E ~ !!~ u '0 i'l ~ i :~ ,g. '" ~
u 1i '0 0 ~ :c .~ B .li U3 " '!j g ~ :;; u = .• J: .. = u o ~ '" *-0-OJ m z z uz 5GF35 I * X X X 5GF4206 X X X 5GF4207.1 X X X 5GF4208 X X 5GF4209.1 X X X 5GF4210 X X X 5GF4224.1 X X
X 1 Total Sites 1 1 7 1 1 1 16 1 I 1 16 5GF4223 X X X Total Isolates I I I ·denolcs revisited site Principal Investigator Name: Carl E. Conner Sections 24. 25. 35 and 36 Sections 4.
9. 10. 15. 16 and 22 Sections. ___ ___ _ Sections, ___ ___ _ Management Rc(ommcndation '" i u '" Other (specify) 9 II .. ~ 5 . ~ ~ '0 0 ~ '" ::; x ~ UJ X Avoid 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Signature:
~(tl ~ Date: Selltember 3, 2008 ) 1
) ;1l ~--..,.I. ------"'1 Mount Blaine Quadrangle (1971 ) ~ Garfield County, Colorado ArcMap GIS DRG from USGS 7,5 minute series (topographic) Scale: 1:24,000 Contour Interval: 40 feet
T. 5 S. and T. 6 S., R. 98 W., 6th P.M. " , NAD83; Zone 12 > 1 ~---~~~~~~~r-~~ ( -il, '\ ,/I" . . , , " ' I I " . I J '" ' " I~" f 14'''''' I ,JQ -' " ' " \ ' It " I' .} .J ) ~.H ~ .
• ~ .l i,I/' ff ,fIlIP" '" I/) ~ I~. II~' ~' ) .. I. \ I t... . . . " ) I Figure l. Project location map (I of2) for the Class !II cultural resource inventory report for the proposed
Chevron Site Development Project in Garfield County, Colorado for Chevron North America, Project area is indicated. [GRI Project #2830, 9/3/08]
c" ,. ' (, -, ""f \ , ', \ I { ~ ..... ' \ o. I , , .' .'~" : Jii'>'''-;''''~'/1i , , •• -0 0, f 0 ,',1, I , 0 Mount Blaine Quadrangle (1971) ~ Garfield County, Colorado ArcMap GIS DRG
from USGS 7.5 minute series (topographic) /Scale: 1:24,000 Contour Interval: 40 feet \ T. 6 S., R. 98 W., 6th P.M. NAD83; Zone 12 ,. y,--. -------------------~--~ 00 Previously Surveyed
----• GF.LM.R341 I ; t GRI #2533, 2005 I ' I1 . __ _ \ /~ __ ~-......, ',;,f;., --I. /. I Figure 2. Project location map (2 of2) for the Class III cultural resource inventory report
for the proposed Chevron Site Development Project in Garfield County, Colorado for Chevron North America. Project area is indicated. [GR! Project 112830, 9/3/08] \ )
Introduction At the request of the Chevron North America, a Class III cultural resource inventory of two large block areas was conducted by Grand River Institute for the proposed Chevron
Site Development Project. The inventory and report preparation were conducted by Carl Conner {Principal Investigator), Travis Archuleta, Jim Conner, Nicole Damell, and Barbara Davenport
of Grand River Institute under BLM Antiquities Permit No. C-52775. As a result, a total of 2,528 acres of private land were subjected to intensive inventory during this project. Field
work was performed between the 29'" of May and the 29'" of August 2008. The research was undertaken by Chevron for the identilication, evaluation, and protection of fragile, non-renewable
evidences of human activity, occupation and endeavor retleeted in districts, sites, structures, artifacts, objects, ruins, works of art, architecture, and natural features that were
of importance in human events. Such resources tend to be localized and highly sensitive to disturbance. Location of the Project Area The project area is located on both sides of Clear
Creek north of the town of DeBeque within Garfield County, Colorado. In general, the two discrete block areas are located in T. 5 S., R. 98 W., Sections 24, 25, 35 and 36; and T. 6 S.,
R. 98 W., Sections 4, 9. 10,15,16, and 22; 6'h P.M. (Figures 1-2). Environment The proposed project is within the Piceance Creek Basin, one of the major geologic subdivisions of Colorado.
The Piceance Crcek Basin is an elongate structural downwarp of the Colorado Plateau province that apparently began its subsidence approximately 70 million years ago during the Laramide
Orogeny. Sediments from surrounding highlands were deposited in the basin, accumulating to a thickness of as much as 9000 feet by the lower Eocene epoch, when subsidence s:cased. Regional
uplifl occurred in the Late Tertiary, and erosion of the area has continued since (Young and Young 1977:43-46). The Parachute Creek Member and Lower part of the Green River Fonnation
occur in llIost of the study area. These consist of oil shale, marlstone and siltstone lor the former and shale, sandstonc, marlstone and limestone for the latter. The Wasatch formation
underlies the southem-llIost block. It consists of a series of interbedded variegated mudstones, sandstones, and siltstones of varying colors--brick red, tan, white, and purple. Sedimcnts
are stream, tloodplain, and swamp deposits.
The project area occurs within the Roan Plateau in a steep-sided mountain valley. The topography is valley bottom and slopes on the cast and west sides of Clear Creek. Elevations range
from about 5600 to 7400 feet. These elevations have three vegctation communities including sagcbntsh/grasslands, pinyon juniper woodlands, and riparian along the Creek. Ground visibility
ranged from 30% in the sagebntsh and grease wood to about 90% in the disturbed arcas along the main road. These communities SUpp0l1 a variety of wildlife species although the present
day land use of the project area (including energy development, grazing, ranching and farming) has pushed most large mammals into the surrounding mountains. There, mule decr, elk, coyote,
and black bear arc common, as are cottontail rabbits, beavcrs, and various rodents. Mountain lion, bobcat, fox, skunk, badger. and weasel are also likely inhabitants. Bird species observed
in the area include the jay, raven, red-shafted /licker, long-carcd owl, and various raptors. There is little climate variation within the study area. These relatively low elevations
are host to a cool semiarid climate where temperatures can drop to -IO"F during the winters and summer temperatures may reach 95 of (average annual temperatures of 49° -53 °F); there
is a maximum of 120 frost free days and the annual precipitation is about 14 inches. The surrounding higher elevations arc characterized as cooler and moister. Annually, the high mountain
temperatures could average 5 degrees cooler and the precipitation as much as 14 inches greater that the surrounding low elevations (USDA SCS 1978:244). Field Methods A 100 percent, intensive
(Class Ill) cultural resource survey of the two block areas was conducted by two to four archaeologists walking zig zag parallel transects spaced at approximately 15 meter intervals.
Slopes over 30 percent grade were not inventoried. The survey was limited by heavy vegetation. Crew members worked from USGS 7.5 minute series maps. Cultural resources were sought as
surface exposures and were characterized as sites or isolated tinds. A site is the locus of previous human activity (50 year minimum) at which the preponderance of evidence suggests
either a one-time use or repeated use overtime, 01' multiple classes of activities. For example: a) Isolated thennal feature such as hearths are to be designated as sites, due to the
interpretable function ofsllch utilization and the potential tor chronomctric and economic data recovery, b) Single element rock art pancls arc to be designated as sites due to the interpretable
nature of such an evcnt and the potential diagnostic value of the motive, c) Similarly, isolated human burials are to be designated as sites, or d) Loci exhibiting ground stone and flake
stone in association. An isolate refers to one or more culturally modified ()~jects not found in the context of a site as defined above. Note that this definition makcs no reference
to an absolute quantitative standard for the site/isolate distinction. For example: a) A discrete 2
concentration oftlakes from the same material regardless of the number ofartifllcts present likely represents a single, random event and is properly designated as in isolate, or b) Similarly,
a ceramic pot bust is to be recorded as an isolate, regardless of the number of sherds that remain. All cultural resources that qualify as sites, such as prehistoric open camps, lithic
scatters, occupied overhangs/rockshcltcrs, and evidencc of historic occupation, were recorded as thcy wcre encountered to standards set by the BLM and the SHPO. These were then evaluated
for determining eligibility for nomination to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). Sites were recorded using the following methods of mapping and note taking. The basic approach
to the data collection was the continuous mapping of observed m1ifacts and features by recording lJTM coordinates (NAD 83 Datum) using a Trimble Geo XT. Site maps were crcated using
corrected GPS data and ARCMAP. Photographs were taken at each site and included general views and specific artifacts or features. Field notes and photo negatives for this project are
on file at Grand River Institute, while the photographs are submitted to the BLM. No artifacts were collected. Summary of Files Search and Literature Overview Records searches for the
project area were conducted through the Preservation Office of the Colorado Historical Socicty (Compass website). In addition, GLO Plats were checked for evidence of trails, buildings,
irrigations systems, and other historic properties. The tables below list the previous projccts (Table I) and cultural resources (Table 2) that were located as a result of the files
research. Table 1. List of previous cultural resoul'ce inventorics within or near the pl'Oject area. Pl'Oicct # Titlcl Authorl Datcl Contractor GF.PA.R9 Title: Cultural Resources Inventory
Baseline Report Clear Creek I'ropcrty, Garfield County, Colorado Author: La Point, Halcyon, Bryan Aivazian, and Sherry Smith Date: 10/01/1981 Contractor: Laboratory of Public Archeology
tor Environmental Research & Technology. Inc. and Chevron Shale Oil Company GF.PA.RI6 Title: Cultural Resources Survey tor the Pacit1e Shale Project Environmental Baseline Study (Original
and Addendum) Author: Ncwkirk, Judith A. and Lucy lIackett l3ambrey Date: 04/0 I /1983 Contractor: Gilbert Commonwealth for Camp Dresscr & McKee, Inc. 3
Project # Titlel Authorl Datel Contractor GF.LM.R273 Title: Archaeological Survey of Three Seis Pros Seismic Lines. Garfield County, Colorado Author: Hartley, John D. and John P. Sullivan
Date: 09/0611984 Contractor: Grand River Consultants, Inc. for Seis Pros Inc. and the Bureau of I.and Management GF.I.M.NR261 Title: Class III Cultural Resources Inventory of Oil Well
No. 19-2711 and Access Road, Chevron USA, Inc. Gartleld County, Colorado Author: Carrasco, E. Dederick Date: 1011211989 Contractor: Huerfano Consultants till' Chevl'On LISA, Inc. and
the Burcau of Land Management GF.I.M.NR268 Title: a Class III Cultural Resources Inventory of Oil Well No. IS-2211 and Access Road, Chevron U.S.A., Inc., Garfield County, Colorado Author:
Carrasco, E. Dederick Date: 10/1211989 Contractor: Huerfano Consultants lor Chevron USA and the Bureau or Land Management MC.LM.RS8 Title: Grant Norpac Cultural Resource Inventory I,ll'
the Western Piceance Basin Geophysical Pl'Ojcct, Rio Blanco and Gartleld Counties, Colorado Author: Scott, John M. Date: OSlO 111992 Contractor: Metcalf Archaeological Consultants, Inc.
GF.LM.NR361 Title: a Class III Cultural Resource Inventory of the Northern Geophysical Seismic Line NPC-2 Garfield County, Colorado Author: Frizell, Elizabeth and Jon Frizell I). Date:
1111011992 Contractor: North Platte Archacological Services lor N0I1hcrn Geophysical and the Bureau of Land Management GF.I.M.R34 I Title: Class III Cultural Resource Inventory Report
lor Two Proposcd Pipeline Route Segments (8.S0 Miles) in Clear Creek and Deer Park Areas of Garfield County, Colorado, for Chevron/Texaco (GRI No. 2S33) Author: Conner, Carl E. and Barbara
J. Davcnport Datc: 06103/200S Contractor: Grand River Institute 4
I Project # I Titlel Authorl Datel Contractor GF.LM.R341 Title: Class III Cultural Resource Inventory Report for Two Proposed Pipeline Route Segments (8.50 Miles) in Clear Creek and
Deer Park Areas of Garfield County, Colorado, for ChevronTexaco (GRI No. 2533) Author: Conner, Carl E. and Aarbara J. Davenport Date: 06103/2005 Contractor: Grand River Institute Table
2. List of previously recorded cultural resources within or ncar the project area. Site ID Site Type Assessment UTM Coordinates 5GF.351 Historic, Recreation Needs Data -Field 12:729605mE
4380 572mN (within project area) 12:729662mE 43 80 596mN 5GF.1I00 Historic Shed/dugout Not Eligible -Ofticially 12:7 30 770mE 43 76 560mN (out of project area) 5GF.1103 Historic Newton
Not Eligible -Ofticially 12:730360mE 4380 190mN Ranch (out of project area) Relevant Prehistoric Background I.oeal and regional archaeological studies suggest nearly continuous human
occupation of west-central Colorado for the past 12,000 years. Manifestations of the Paleoindian Era, big-game hunting peoples (ca. 11,500 -6400 Be); the Archaic Era hunter/gatherer
groups (ca. 6500 -400 Be); the Formative Era horticulturalist/forager cultures (ca. 400 Be-AD 1300); the Protohistoric Era pre-horse hunter/gatherers (Early Numic, ca. AD 1300 -AD 1650)
and early historic horse-riding nomads (Late Numic, ca. AlJ 1650 -AD 188 I). An overview of the prchistory of the region is provided in documents published by the Colorado Council of
Professional Archaeologists' entitled Colorado PrehistOlY: A Context for the Northern Colorado Plateau (Reed and Metcalf 1999). The following provides u brief discussion of each of the
major prehistoric cultural/tcmporal cras. I'alcoindian Era The oldcst evidence of human occupation in the region is provided by both surtilee finds of diagnostic a1iitacts of the I'uleoindian
Era und radiocarbon dates ranging from ca. 5 I
10250 to 6000 BC (Schroedl 1991 :7). Surlllcc tinds of Clovis, Folsom lIell Gap/Agate Basin and Cody complex points indicate that the entire Paleolndian period is represented in the
rcgion (Pitblado 1993). Whilc thc association of Iluted points and extinct megalllUna has not been documented in the region, analysis of the location of both shows that they arc found
in similar scttings: around and in canyons of the major drainages ofthe Green and Colorado Rivers (Schroedl 1991 :9). In the Grand Junction Rcsource Area thirty three locations of Paleoindian
diagnostic artifacts have been recorded (O'Neil 1993:280). Copeland and Fike (1988) documented three Clovis and seven Folsom points in Grand County, Utah. One of the sites is the Montgomcry
Folsom site (Davis 1985), which is one of the three documented Folsom sites in Utah. The site is located adjacent to the Green River, north of Moab and containcd two Folsom points. Data
from excavated Paleoindian sitcs are scant for western Colorado. [n Mesa County, dates of 8980±950 BI' and 8\OO±620 BI' were taken Irom a noncultural context at 5ME3789, while two buried
features at5ME6798 yielded dates of 9340± [40 BP and 9200±90 BP (fiLM, GJRA site records; Piontkowski 1995, pcrsonal communication). In recent years, the majority of Paleoindian Era
artifacts in western Colorado arc comparable to ones from the Foothill-Mountain Paleo indian Tradition that date ca. 8,000-6,000BC (Frison 1991: 67-71, 75, 80). Archaic Era Regarding
the Archaic Era, this document has relied on the temporal divisions of Early, Middle, and Late Archaic as presented hy Pierson 1980. Reed and Metcalf (I 999: 6) havc divided the Archaic
Era into four periods as follows: Pioneer period: Settlement period Transitional period Terminal period 6400-4500llc 4500-2500BC 2500-1000BC 1000-4001lc The appearance of the Archaic
Era retlects a shift in the availability of lood resources caused by climatic changes at the end of the Pleistocene epoch. This shin is apparently responsible for a transition Irom a
hunting/mobile subsistence pattern to a huntinggathering/scmi-scdcntary one, based upon thc more CUffent species of tlora and fauna. [n Colorado's central mountains, the disappearance
of thc Cody Complex (Middle Paleo[ndian Period) is followed by a distinct Archaic Lifcway that may have developed in Silll, as slllall scale immigration from adjacent areas, or as long-distance
imllligration (Black 1986:201). Black refers to this as the [Archaic] Mountain Tradition. Diagnostic artifacts from the earliest Archaic Era sites to those dating near the middle of
that Era (dating roughly between 6500 to 3500 BC) include Pinto Scries points, Gateclill'Split-stcm points, and Mount Albion Complex points. From that time until about 1000 BC, a variety
of large side-and cornernotched points, and the lanceolate-style McKean Complex and Humbolt Concave types (many of these exhibit grinding along the stem) are often found on local sites.
The most recent period of the Archaic Era dates Irom about 1000 Il(, to possibly about 400 bc and 6
could extend as late as AD 200 in west central Colorado. A deeply corner-notched point similiar to the Pelican Lake type from the Northern Plains is characteristic of this period. as
are San Rafael Stemmed points, and the large contracting stem points that are collectively called GateclitTContracting Stem types. Important in the understanding of the Archaic Era in
western Colorado, is that it exploited multiple biotic zones based upon changes in elevation: the desert shrub «4600 ft.), the pinyon-juniper belt (4600 -6500 ft.), the pine-oak belt
(6500 -8000 ft.), the tiraspen belt (8000 -9500 ft.), and the spruce-lir belt (9500 -10,500 ft.). The occurrence of storage and habitation stmctures within some of the various biotic
zoncs of the region is documented. The oldest pithouse in Colorado, from the Early Archaic Period, is the Yarmony site ncar Krcmmling, which dated ca. 5180 Be (Metcalf and Black 1988:
15). It is located at an elevation of7140 teet. At altitudes of8000 teet or more in Colorado, what were apparently pole and mud structures have been found in the Curecanti National Recreation
Area near Gunnison and the Windy Gap site near Granby. Radiocarbon dates of ca. 5270-4980 Be and ea. 3590-1810 Be from the Curecanti sites compare with Windy Gap's dates of ca. 6500
Be, ca. 2740 BC, and ca. 2280 BC (Cassells 1983:73-80). It appears that at various times, some ecological niches in the difterent biotic zones provided conditions stable enough for the
maintenancc of a sedentary or semi-sedentary lifestyle. Three basin shaped, roughly circular depressions approximately 3 meters in diameter and 25 em deep were identilied at the Indian
Creek Site (5MEI373). The features were determined to be evidence of pole and brush structures with peripheral and centrally located post holes and no internal hearths. Though they are
individually undated, they were stratigraphically dated to the Middle Archaic Period. Three Late Archaic sites that contained structural remains have been found in westcentral Colorado.
Colorado Department of Highways archaeologists found linear, lowwalled (10-40 cm) surface structures and a burial site, 5EA 128, near Dotsero. Nothing was recorded within the structures;
however, a burial tound in an adjacent crevice yielded a C-14 date of ca. 1180 BC (Hand and Gooding 1980). A pithouse excavated at 5GF126, the Kewclaw Site, in the townsite of Battlement
Mesa, had a roughly circular floor lour meters in diameter, a central hearth, and walls that rose abruptly 30 to 60 centimeters. The walls showed evidence of having been smoothed with
water or mud glazed. Eight small, shallow holes around and within the pithouse and a single largc hole at the center of the floor implied the presence of a superstructure, presumably
cOllstructed of wooden poles. This site dated ca. 1100 BC and may be a cultural relative of the Dotsero burial site (Conner and Langdon 1987:7.44). The Sisyphus Rockshclter, located
just north of the Colorado River and cast of the town of Debcque, contained the ruins of a structural leature of Late Archaic origin dating 550 Be (Gooding lind Shields 1985). Uncovered
were a sandstone slab-lined oblong floor 7
and thrcc stone t(llllldation walls. It is assumed that this was a habitation structure, and its presencc implies at least a scm i-sedentary lifcstyle. formativc Era The formativc Era
from 400BC-AD 1300 (as defined by Recd and Metcalf 1999: 6) is represented the Fremont, Anasazil Ancestral Pucbloan, Gateway, and Aspen Traditions. The Fremont Tradition people arc likely
the most represented in the region and may have occupied it from ca. AD 200-1500; but there remain many unanswered questions concerning the Frcmont. It is generally agreed, however,
that various hortieultlll'alist (Formative) groups--possibly of diverse origins and languages, but sharing similar material traits and subsistence strategies--occupied selected areas
in Utah and western Colorado during that time. The local Formative Era groups adopted many of the Anasazi traits, yet remained distinct in several characteristics including a onc-rod-and-bundle
basketry construction style. a moccasin style, trapezoidal shaped clay figurines and rock art figures, as well as a gray coiled pottery (Madsen 1989:9-11). They also apparently retained
many Archaic subsistence stratcgics such as rclying more on thc gathering of wild plants and having less dependence on domesticated ones--corn, beans, and squash. Maize horticulture
was practiced in selectcd areas throughout the region, as indicated by excavations in east central Utah and wcst-central Colorado. Listcr and Dick (1952) and Wormington and Lister (1956)
documcnted the presence of "Fremont-Basketmakers" as they uncovered unbaked, molded clay tigurines and evidence of corn horticulture at rock shclter sites in Glade Park, southwest of
Grand .Junction, Colorado. These and other sites in Glade Park also arc known for their splendid fremont rock art of the Classic Sieber Canyon style (Conner and Ott 1978). Another significant
concentration of the Frcmont have been identified in the Douglas Creek area of Northwestern Colorado. Characteristics of this group include dry and wet-laid masonry structures on promontories,
granaries in overhangs, and slab-lined pithouses. What have been defincd as Fremont ceramics are occasionally found in west-central Colorado, onen in association with Anasazi decoratcd
and corrugated Puebloan wares. Anasazi wares havc been recovered from the Mesa/Collbran area and were comparatively dated between AD 1000-1300 (Annand 1967:57). Groups I and II of the
analyzed pottcry in Almand's study were not assigncd a cultural afliliatioll but Irom the descriptions given, may be Frcmont. Gray ware ceramics have recently been datcd at two sites
in the Douglas Crcek area. Sites 5RB2828 and 5RB2829 yielded sand-tempel'cd gray ware, named the Douglas Creek Gray ware, and had associated datcs of AD 570±40 and AD 790±60 (Hauck 1993:252).
Comparative datcs and ceramics wcre obtained from 5RB2958 (Baker 1990). Other Fremont ceramics known in the arca include Uinta Gray Ware and Emery Gray Ware. Evidence offormativc cultures'
inllucnec in the area south of the Roan Plateau is found in cxcavated and surface contexts ncar Battlcmcnt Mesa, whcre small corner-notchcd 8
projectile points and the partial rcmains ofa pit structure were idcntiticd at site 5UFI34 (Conner and Langdon 1987). The structure dated AD 690±90. A second occupation level was identiticd
and dated to AD 1085±55 (ibid:7-44). A transition to the small side-notched point is noted for the last recorded Formative occupation of Battlement Mcsa. At site 5UF I 33, the Uinta
Side-notched point was t(lUnd in association with Kayenta Anasazi tradeware ceramics, which werc datcd by comparison to about AD 1225-I 300 (ibid:8-5). Proto historic Era The apparent
end of the Formativc Era (although the Fremont Tradition may have extendcd until ca. AD 1500) in the region is roughly coincidcnt with the drought of AD 1275-1300 and the ensuing intlux
of pcople from the Southwest into the Great Basin and Colorado Plateau. The newcomers, now assumed to be the Utes, werc--and are--part of a larger group ofNumic Speakers (Shoshonean)
of the Uto-Azteean language phylum (Smith 1974: I 0). Linguists are fairly cCltain that the Numic speakers were in southwestern Colorado by AD 1300. Their appearance in the Fremont territory
ca. AD 1200 is based on linds of Shoshone pottery mixed with the upper strata of Fremont artifacts in many cave sites in Utah (Jennings 1978:235). Unfortunately, evidence of their early
cultural material is scant, which precludes a precise description of their lifcway. As shown in the studies by Jcnnings, a crude brownware made with a coarse temper of crushed rock and
fircd at low temperatures, may be a chronological indicator of early Utc sites. It was tirst named by Buckles as Uncompahgre Brownware and was stratigraphically assigned a date of AD
1550 to 188 I (Buckles 1971 :505). Howcver, the datc for the pottcry has been pushed back by recent linds. Grand Rivcr Institute recovered charcoal and Uncompahgre Brownwarc from a washed
out hearth feature in site 5RB2929, located in the Piceance Basin. Charcoal from the hearth produced a calibratcd datc of AD 1350±85 (580±80 BP, Beta-378 I 9). At the Pioneer Point Site,
located in the Curecanti National Recreation Area, Uncompahgre Brownware ceramics (micaceous and non-micaceous tempcred) were also recovered and datcd. Over seven hundred sherds werc
recovered. These were associatcd with features dating ca. AD 1476, 474± 70 sP, and AD 1466. 484±80 BP (Dial 1989: I 9). Potential diagnostics of the Ute occupation in western Colorado
are Desert Sidcnotched variants with basal notches, or small side-notched points having a concave base. and the narrow unnotched points referred to as Cottonwood Triangular. Besides
the Pioneer Point Site, two other single component sitcs found in west-central Colorado and east-central Utah containing these point types have been dutcd. Sitc 42UR2236, an open campsite
located near Moab, yielded u datc of ca AD 1280 (Reed 1990). Desert Side-notched and Cottonwood projectile points were also tound at the Pioneer I)oint Site. Metal points wcrc a fairly
recent addition to the projcctilc types and probably do not datc carlier than the 1800's. Campsites that the Utes occupied within the past 100 to 200 years may have remains of 9
small tepees and wickiups. A more permanent cultural manifestation of the Utes is their roek art, whieh adorns many canyon walls, caves and boulders in the region. Relevant Historical
Background The following scction provides background inlormation on the early Euro-Amcrican exploration and settlement of the of the area. This includes details concerning the early
explorers, fur trappers, and settlers of the rcgion. Overviews of the history of the region arc presented in the Colorado Historical Society's publication entitled Colorado Plateau Country
Historic Context (Husband 1984) and in thc I3LM publication Fronticr in Transition (O'Rourke 1980). Early Exploration The small party of travelers descended the northwestern flank of
Battlement Mcsa, threading its way through the evergreen and aspcn, the oakbrush and chokecherry, and tinally the sagebrush covcring the low terraces bordering the river. Bchind the
group rose the jagged basalt ramparts of Ilousetop and Horse Mountains, their slopes striped by narrow, verdant stream valleys. To the north, across the river "which our own call San
Rafael and the Yutas, Red River", lay the Roan CliITs--"a chain of high mesas, which arc of white earth from the top down to the middle and from the middle down evenly striated with
yellow, white, and not too deeply tinged with red ochre" (Chavez and Warner 1976:37). So was the arrival of the Dominguez-Escalante expedition at the Colorado River crossing near Una
chronicled by Fray Francisco Silvestre Velez de Escalante. The date was 5 September 1776. Led by Fray Francisco Antanasio Dominguez and his junior partner Escalante, the expedition was
into day thirty-nine of its one hundred tifty-nine-day trek. Its purpose: to lind an overland !'Oute from Santa Fe to the recently established missions in Calilornia. Reaching the Dclta
area, thc ten-member party had ascended the North Fork of the Gunnison River Valley, followed the Muddy and Cow Creek drainages to the top of Grand Mesa, skirted Bronco Knob on the south
side, descended Plateau Crcek to Jerry Gulch via whieh they surmounted Battlemcnt Mesa, and f(lllowed Alkali Creek down to the Colorado River. Fording the rivcr near Una Crossing, tive
miles downstream from Battlement Mesa, they spent the night on the "northern edge on a meadow of good pastures and a middling poplar grove" (ibid). The following day, the group abandoned
the Colorado River Valley, turned 1l0l1hwcst up Roan Creek, and made thcir way over the Roan Plateau into the White River drainage. They traveled west as tar as central Utah, but were
soon forced homeward by inclement weather. The Dominguez-Escalante Expedition returned to Santa Fe on 2 January 1777, having failed to reach Califomia but having explored much of the
Colorado Plateau and generating interest in the area lor years to comc. Although the Dominguez-Escalante group is tlte earliest recorded Furo-American 10
presence in the vicinity of the study area, other Spanish parties had penetrated western Colorado Ii'om the south (Santa Fe) as early as the 17th century (Vandenbusche and Smith 1981:
15). Many came seeking gold, which reputedly lay in immense deposits on the Western Slope, just awaiting discovery. Some came to trap the many streams emanating irom the Rockies, seeking
to get rich in the traffic of beaver pelts. Still others came as members of Spanish raiding parties whose purpose was to weaken their increasingly aggressive Ute neighbors to the north.
Documentation of these precursory (and usually illegal) Spanish infiltrations is lacking, but it is probable that the study area was visited by at least some of these parties. Ollicial
expeditions into Western Colorado began in 1765 when Juan Maria de Rivera's exploring party crossed the Uncompahgre Plateau to the Gunnison River valley and stopped at the present site
of Delta (ibid: 16). Over the next decade, other expeditions followed Rivera's route into Gunnison River country, charged by the Spanish government with identifying prospective mining
grounds and establishing communication routes. At the time, the Wcstern Slope belonged to thc Spanish empire and, since trade with foreigners was deemed illegal, expeditions wcre officially
restricted to exploratory activities. For a variety of reasons--increasingly intense encounters with the Utes, an apparent dcat1h of gold, and a harsh geography and climate--Spanish
interest in Western Colorado waned after the major expeditions of Rivera and Dominguez and Escalante in the I 760s and I 770s. From that time until thc I 820s, there were few incursions
into the area, and its native inhabitants enjoyed a relatively undisturbed existence. Fur Trapping The third decade of the 19th century brought the mountain man and the fur trapping
era to Western Colorado. Prior to 1821, the year of the Mexican Revolution, only a lew individuals had dared to venture into the area to trap the then-plentiful beaver. However, when
Spain's control of the area was terminated by Mexico's separation, men of French, Spanish, and Anglo-American blood descended upon the rivers and streams of Wcstern Colorado to makc
their fortuncs in the fur tradc. From the San Juan River, whieh was worked in the I 820s, the trappers movcd northward. By 1830, the Eagle, Roaring Fork, and Colorado Rivers had been
actively trapped; and by 1837, most rivers of Colorado and Wyoming had been worked (Vandcnbusche and Smith 1981 :20). Fort Robidoux (F0l1 Uncompahgre), established on the Gunnison River
near Delta in 1828 by Antoine Robidoux, and Brown's Iioic (Fort Davy Crockett), located on the Green River in Northwestern Colorado by William Ashley in 1826, were the two busiest supply
and trading centers on the Western Slope. The fitr boom in Western Colorado lasted approximatcly a quarter of a ccntury, unti I the 18408. By then, silk was replacing beaver as the fashionable
material in the European hat market (the price of pelts had dropped to less than a dollar apiece), the streams and rivers II
had been badly over-trapped, and the Utes were becoming increasingly hostile with respcct to Euro-American encroachment upon their hunting grounds. Thus, the era of thc mountain/trapper
drew to an end. The pursuit ofthc brown, paddlc-tailed bcaver soon occupied only a scattered few individuals whose trapping was confincd mainly to thc smallcr tributary streams. Two
such fellows wcre the Kimball brothers, who workcd Parachute and Roan Creeks (just across the Colorado River from Battlemcnt Mesa) during the winter of 1882-1883 and reportedly reaped
$3500 for their efforts (Murray 1973: 12). Government Exploration Despite the incursions of the early trappers and traders, Colorado's Western Slope rcmained, in 1840, essentially uncharted
and unknown, still the uncontested domain of the Ute Indians. However, flamed by tales of the mcn of buckskin, interest in the land beyond the Rockies was growing among both westward-bound
emigrants seeking a place to settle and those visionaries who foresaw the commercial potential of a transcontinental rail-way. Prcssured by thcse interests, thc U.S. government dispatched
numerous exploration and survey parties to the Wcst bctween 1840 and 1880. Thc tirst of the cxpeditions to pass through west-central Colorado was that led in 1843-1844 by John C. Fremont,
who was en routc from Missouri to California and back to South Park. The following year, 1845, Fremont again set out from Independencc, Missouri, and, with Kit Carson as a guide, led
his party west to California via the Arkansas, Eagle, Grand (Colorado), White, and Green Rivcr valleys. It is unclear just where the group left the Grand Valley and headed north to enter
the White Rivcr Valley, but it was probably in thc vicinity of Rille or farther downstream near the study area. In 1848, Fremont once more entered wcst central Colorado, this timc trying
to evaluate the 38th parallel as an all-weather, year-round railroad route to the Pacific. However, extreme winter temperatures and heavy snowfall immobilized the group in the San Juans
and many perished, which disparaged somewhat the reputation of the "Pathtinder of the West." (Vandcnbusche and Smith 1981 :26; Mehls 1982:22-23). Exploration efforts intensilied in the
1850s, in large part because of the United States' acquisition of the southwest part of the country at the close of the Mexican War in 1848. Upon consolidation of the nation, a transcontinental
railroad now seemed more possible. Lieutcnant Edward Beale, Captain John Gunnison, and the diehard Fremont allied expeditions into west ccntral Colorado in 1853. They followed esscntially
the same routc--over Cochctopa Pass, into the Gunnison and Uncompahgre River valleys, past the contluence of the Grand and Gunnison Rivers at present day Grand Junction, and westward.
While Beale's party made it to Los Angeles without event and Fremont's trek to Utah was successlill, Gunnison and seven of his men were killed and mutilated by the Paiute in southwest
Utah (Vandenbuschc and Smith 1981 :28). Enthusiasm over a transcontinental railroad slackcned somcwhat in the wake of Gunnison's demise and even more so in anticipation of the Civil
War, the North and South bcing unable to agree on a railroad route, 12
each demanding that it run through its territory. Federal exploration of the Western Slope came to a hall. Into the latc 1860s and early 70s, west central Colorado, including the Grand
Valley. remained largely unknown, suspected to harbor great riches but unexplored, undeveloped, and still thc province ofUintah (White Rivcr Basin), the Uncompahgre (Gunnison and Uncompahgre
River Basins), and the Parianuc (Grand River Valley) Ute Indians (Fishell I 982:9-A). However, at the tennination of the Civil War, attention turned onee more to the West, and etTorts
to catalogue the lands beyond the Rockies were renewed. Both the U.S. Army and the U.S. Geologic Survey dispatched exploration parties, the Army searching lill' post sites and possible
roads, the USGS locating agricultural and mining lands. The tirst of the post-war expeditions to investigate the Grand Valley was led by Major John Wesley Powell in 1868. His group assembled
in Middle Park and spent the summer working its way down the Grand River (past Battlement Mesa) to the confluencc with the Green River. Much environ-mental information was gathered about
the upper drainage of the Grand River by Powell's expedition (Mehls 1982:26). Several other expeditions touched on west central Colorado, but the most noteworthy were those led by Ferdinand
Vandeveer Hayden between 1873 and 1876. Sponsored by the USGS, Hayden's yearly expeditions involved topographers, surveyors, geologists, botanists. and photographers, who together mapped
and reported on almost every mountain and valley of Colorado's western slope. In 1873, one of Hayden's parties, consisting of J.T. Gardner. Henry Gannet, A.C. Peale and others, surveyed
the Grand Valley between Glenwood Springs and Grand J unction. The local flora and fauna and soils were noted and assessments as to the arability (lfthe Valley's lands were developed;
on Battlement Mesa, in particular, the volcanic ash was judged to be quite suitable for farming (ibid:27). Lured by the trappers' tales of the Rocky Mountain wilderncss and Ihrther encouraged
by the reports of the government surveys, many west-ward-bound settlers set their sights on western Colorado. However, this territory had been the domain of the Ute for centuries, and
was not simply "up lor grabs." A Ute-Euro-American struggle was inevitable--it promised farms and ranches and prosperity Ii.lr the winners, unimaginable defeat and tragedy for the losers.
Historic Euro-Amcrican Settlement The Utc people occupied largc areas of Western Colorado until about 1881. Due to the White River Ute's discontcnt that led to the "Meeker Massacre,"
as the incidcnt became known, a congressional investigation led to the Treaty of 1880 that stipulated the removal of the White River bands to the Uintah Reservation in northeastern Utah.
The Uncompahgre band was to be given a small reservation in the vicinity of the contlucnce of the Colorado and Gunnison Rivers. Aware of the value of these agricultural lands, however,
the 13
commission charged with enlorcing the tcrms of the treaty. under the direction of Otto Mears, manipulated the location process using a loophole in the treaty language. and the Uneompahgres
were given lands in Utah ncar the Uintah Reservation. The Southern Ute bands were len on the small rcservation in southwestern Colorado that had been given them by the Treaty of 1873.
On I September 1881, the last of the Utes were moved to their new reservations in Utah, and western Colorado was completely opcned to the whites. Interest in thc potential agricultural
lands of western Colorado (namely the Uncompahgre, Gunnison, Colorado, Dolores, San Miguel, White, and La Plata River valleys) had been growing for some time prior to the Utes' banishment,
and by the spring of 1881 frontier towns closest to the Ute fands were "crowded with people. anxious to enter the Reservation and take possession of the most desirable locations (HaskcIl1886:2}."
Only days after the last of the Utes had been expelled, settlers began rushing onto the reservation lands. Settlement activity spread quiekly--during the autumn months of 1881 land claims
were staked, townsites were chosen, and railroad routes were surveyed (Haskell 1886, AOI'land 1952, Rait 1932). However, because the tonner reservation lands were not oflicially declared
public lands until August 1882, the lirst year of settlement activity was marked by a degree of uncertainty regarding the legality ofland claims. Whenlinally announced, the 1882 declaration
did not allow homestead entries on the newly opened lands, but only precmptions, or cash entrics, at the rate of $1.25 per acre for agricultl1l'al land, $5.00 per acre for mineral land
(l3orland 1952:75). As described in thc History of Roan Creek and De Beque (Prather and de Beque, n.d.)., the first to tile homestead claims were Robert Eaton, L.T. Stewart and George
Gibson along Dry fork. Brothers Harve and John Van Cleave IiIcd claim to Roan Creek property and established a cattle business in 1883 that became well known in Western Colorado. Other
creeks in the area arc named lor the early ranchers who onen brought cattlc and cowboys with them. Kimball Creek is named It)r Gayton andWillium Kimball. Con [now Conn] Creek is named
lor C.H. Conwell. Tom Wallace set up his out lit on Wallace Creek, and John, Mattie A. and Annc I-I. Carr on Carr Creck. Ilarris A., George and Frank Newton settled on Clear Creek--apparently
named betore they arrived. The importance of water--and water rights--to the settlers not only was acknowledged by naming the creeks aner them but also by so naming the ditches. Accordingly.
one will also find the finniliar names of Charlcs Creek, Joe Newman, Clarence E. Parkes, A.S. Ilimebangh, Ilcnderson frashier, Tom King. George P. Anderson, George Hayes, and W.A. DeLaMatyr
on ditches and ranches of the surrounding area. By 1888, at least 31 ranchcs were in active operation, and a total of 140 cubic feet of water had becn filed on (ibid .:3-4). The town
of Dc Beque is named for Dr. W.A. E. de l3eque. who arrived with three companions (Fred Webster, John Boudin and Dick Smith) in the spring of 1884. lie established a ranch on the banks
of the Grand River ncar its conlluenee with Roan Creek. The lirst post ollicc was within a log building built by Dr. de Beque. which served as his ol1ice, a drug store and a general
store. Marie de Beque was the lirst Postmistress. oflieially 14
named so in 1888. During this year, the town site of De Beque was established outside the boundary of the de Beque's ranch on what was originally the H.L. Spencer homestead. It was plattcd
by surveyor John Walzl and given the name of De Beque in February of 1888. Shortly thereaficr, Dr. de Beque built the tirst residence in the town (ibid.:3-4). By 1895, the m~ior portion
of the land in the area had been claimed, mostly under Cash Entry patents. The settlers raised their own food and availed themselvcs of the plentiful game in thc area. Gardens, hay tields,
and orchards were planted, and irrigation ditches wcre dug to divert the creek's water to cultivated fields. Large herds of cattle and sheep were accumulating, grazing the valley tloor
and the vast opcn range above, driven to the uplands via trails leading up the various gulches. Adjacent to Ravensbeque (Dr. de Beque's ranch), the first school was stat1ed in 1886 by
Mrs. Joseph McMillen, who initially began teaching hcr own children, but soon took in others Irom the surrounding homesteads. About that same time, a public school was opencd on Con
[Conn] Creek. Later, county schools were opened on Brush Creek, Kimball Creek, Dry Fork and main Roan Creek. The school started by Mrs. McMillen was moved to town where various buildings
servcd as classrooms until a stone school house was built in [892. Grades through high school were added as were new buildings to the school grounds, and in 1912, the first class was
graduated trom the high school (Prather and de Beque, n.d.:6). The town grew steadily during the late [800's and early 1900's, due in part to the coming of the railroad in May of [890.
It quickly became an areal center serving not only the Roan Creek ranches north of the Grand River, but also the Blue Stonc Valley farms and ranches south of the river--after a bridge
was built in [89[. Over the years, many people came and left, but the town's popUlation rarely exceeded 400 persons (ibid.:7-9). Study Objectives The Class III (intcnsive) inventory
was undertaken to identify resources within the project area, to evaluate these sites' eligibility for listing in the National Register of Historic Places, and to make management recommendations
for those sites found to be eligible. Results As expected, cultural resource were encountered within the inventory blocks. As a result of the Class III invcntory, previously recorded
sites 5GF35 [ and 5GF4224. [ were revisited and re-evaluated. Additionally, live historic sites 5GI'4206 through 5GI'42 [0, and one historic isolated find, 5G1'4223, were newly documented.
This portion of the report presents a discussion of site significance evaluation and describes the sites Hnd provides their previous evaluations and their proposed managcment recommendations.
Detailed location information, including site forms and maps, can be found in Appendix A. [5
Site Significance The Nationaillistoric Preservation Act of 1966 (NHPA) directs the BLM to ensure that BLM-initiated or authorized actions do not inadvertently disturb or destroy signiticant
cultural resource values. Signilicance is a quality of cultural resource properties that qualifies them for inclusion in the NRHP. The statements ofsignificancc included in this report
are field assessments to support recommendations to the BLM and State Historic Preservation Oflicer (SHPO). The tinal determination of site significance is made by the BLM in consultation
with the SHPO and the Keeper of the Register. The Code of Federal Regulations was used as a guide tIll' the in-tield site evaluations. Titles 36 CFR 50, 36 CFR 800, and 36 CFR 64 are
concerned with the concepts of significance and (possible) historic value of cultural resources. Titles 36 CFR 65 and 36 CFR 66 provide standards for the conduct of significant and scientific
data recovery activities. Finally, Title 36 CFR 60.4 establishes the measure of significance that is critical to the determination of a site's NlUIP eligibility, which is used to assess
a site's rcsearch potential: The quality of significance in American history, architccture, archaeology, and culture is present in districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects
of State and local importance that possess integrity of location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association, and a) that are associated with events that have
made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of history; or b) that are associated with the lives of persons significant in ollr past; or c) that embody the distinctive characteristics
of a type, period, or method of construction. or that represent the work of a mastel', or that possess high artistic values, 01' that represent a significant and distinguishable entity
whose components may lack individual distinction; or II) that have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in the prehistory or history. Resource Descriptions Site
5GF351 was originally recorded only as a report Irom a local (unnamed) land owner in 1978 by the Museum ofWestcrn Colorado. The original site form contained very little infonnation and
an assessment of the reported location was never conducted. The site location was searched lor in 2005 by Grand River Institute archaeologists in conjunction with a linear survey related
to oil and gas development (State Ref.1I UF.LM.(341). At that time no cultural manifestations could be found. Upon revisiting the site with the present project, again, no indication
of cultural manifestations remained. It could not be relocated by this inventory and there is no subsurtace potential. Much of thc site area has bcen previously disturbed by road construction
and fanning/ranching activities. Additionally a pipeline has been reccntly constmcted just east of the supposed site location. 16
Evaluation and Management Recommendation Due to a perceived lack of potential for this site to yield additional significant information regarding the area's history, this site is field
evaluated as not eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. No [llrther work is recommended. Site 5GF4206 is the remains of a large historic homestead complex
located at the juncture of Tom Creek and Clear Creek at the southern base ofPuddin Ridge in Garfield County. The elevation averages 6000 fcet and the vegetation is sagebrush, greasewood,
oakbrush, and grasses. The soil is tan to light brown, sandy, clayey loam of an unknown depth. Overall the site boundary measures approximately 3700 feet north to south by 800 feet at
its widest ncar the site center. The main focus of the site is centrally located north of the confluence of Clear Creck and Tom Creek and is comprised of structures and features. The
remnants of a now dismantled corral arc located at the [in north end of the site while the southern end is defined by a dispersed collection of farm implements and a remnant ditch. Within
the main complex are a cabin, privy, root cellar, three-sided structure of unknown Illllction, water well/spring house, corral, concrete well and stock tank. Important to note is that
three of these (cabin, privy and corral) havc been moved or dismantled in the last year. The cabin from the site is presently located north of the town of Debe que, and just north of
the cemetery, although the cabin is resting on iron beams off the ground and does not appear to be situated in a permanent position. The one story, front gabled cabin measures 18' x
14' x 9'6" and is constructed of saddled notched, stacked logs with wood chinking. The roof is of corrugated galvanized metal and rests on seven log beams placed perpendicular to the
shOit dimcnsion of the cabin. A metal chimney stove pipe protrudes about a two and a half feet in height above one corner of the root: The interior of the one room structure contains
newer pine paneling and an elcctric socket. The floor is missing (i f it had one) and two window openings are present; one single pane 2W2H divided Iitc window remains and the sash and
glass in the other window opcning is absent. The single doorway is constructed with milled lumber support beams and its door is not present. On the exterior of one sidc of the entry
are the remains of electricallincs and fuse connectors. The single-gabled privy (two-hole style) is also presently located with the moved cabin and measure 4'3" square x 7'6" in height.
It is constructed of milled lumber placed vertically on three sidcs and placed horizontally on either side of the entry and has a corrugated metul roof. The privy also appears to be
in a temporary placement state as it is leaning against the north wall of the cabin. West of the cabin's original location (165 lect) is a root cellar which is built into the hillside.
The cellar measures roughly 15 leet across the /i'ont and its [our walls are constructed of stacked tabular sandstone and shale clasts with earth chinking. The roof is 17
constructed of log beams which arc supported by standing log posts and the floor is dirt. The thick doorway (30" wide) is supported by heavy milled lumber beams placed both vertically
(sides) and horizontally (header). The door itself is constructed of vertical milled lumber with pieces of mill cd lumber /01' horizontal support ncar thc top and bottom and onc placed
at an angle across the length of the door on its interior side. In the interior on cither side wall are deep shelves constructed of milled lumber and boards. No shelving is along the
back wall, except where thc side wall shelving mccts the back wall. A lew old mason type canning jars remain on the floor along with a large tin fuel type can. In front o/'the root cellar
a wood stove, an old gas stove, a tractor wheel, and various machinery wheels (3, some of a cog type) are concentrated; some of these items have been locked together with heavy chain.
About 15 feet northeast of the root cellar are the remains of a front gabled, threesided stmcture. This structure too is constructed of stackcd tabular sandstone and shalc clasts. The
roof has burned and all that remains is the center beam which is now collapsed. There is no front wall present. Ovcrall the structure measurcs roughly 12' x 8' and its usc is undetermined,
however, likely it was /01' some kind of storage. A corral had been previously located east of the cabin's location but has been dismantled and the stacks of lumber arc located 360m
northeast of its original location. From an aerial photo of the site in 2005 it appears that the corral measured approximately 135' x 80' and was constructed of large, long logs with
dowel pegs in the ends. A loading area was located on the southwest side of the corral. A modern lidded concrete well/septic(?) is located 135 feet northwest from the cabin's original
location. This fcature measures 3 leet in diameter and is 28" in height and is sealed. Sixty-five feet north of the cabin's original location is a spring with a three sided, dry-laid
stem wall surrounding it. Again, the local material of sandstone and shale clasts were used in its construction. A modern stock tank is located 135 leet west-southwest of the cabin's
original location, measlll'es 4' 7" in diametcr and containcd watcl' at the time of recording. South of the main complex and west of the Clear Creck road are eight rcmnant auto components
or limn implements and a segment of an historic ditch. These historic items consist of a hay rake, a vehicle chassis with wood framing, two dozer blades, two hay cutting implements,
a collapsed hay CUll and a disk harrow. Additionally, along the ditch segment which measures about 600 feet in Icngth is a rusted, brokcn down metal flumc. Historic records searched
lor this area include the Govcrnment Land Office (ULO) and the Colorado Division of Watcr Resources. Clarence E. Parkes filed land patents for this tract on 111911916 and 10/14/1920
(Accession/Serial Nr.: 508795 and 777538 respectively). Additionally, a housc and barn are shown on the OLO maps dated 1923 by 18
surveyor lIans D. Voigt (published in 1926). The site contains at least three visible segments of historic ditches. At the north end, one segment (-1500 feet) parallels Tom Creek on
its west side. This segment appears to be the "Parkcs Ditch" which is namcd with the Colorado Division of Water Resources. The Parkes Ditch was appropriated 0510511908 and adjudicated
on 11/25/1916. Midway along this segment of the Parkes Ditch another segment splits off and heads across the Tom Creek road toward the main ranch complex of the site. This segment (-955
feet) supplies the spring house and the newer, concrete well. About one third of a mile south down the Clear Creek road another segment (-650 feet) was recorded about 400 feet southwest
of the road. All these segments are overgrown, barely visible in many portions, and apparently have not been used for some time. A few fragments of lumber and metal flume pieces were
recorded in association with these ditches. A reference to the early callie ranchers in the Roan Creek area is made in the document entitled, "Callie & Shale, 1884 -1984, A Story of
Roan Creek and De Beque" and reads .... "Other second generation names associated with the cattle business on Roan Creek arc Altenbern, Burg, Satterfield, Prather, Parkes, perhaps others,
but it would not be possible to go into details here." However, no other information could be located specilieally about Clarence E. Parkes. Evaluation and Management Recommendation
The site is tield evaluated as not eligible fbr listing on the National Register of Historic Places. This determination was reached by assessing the site in terms of integrity as defined
by the State llistoric Preservation Office wherein a resource that retains its integrity will possess several and usually most, of the seven aspccts of integrity (location, selling,
design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association). The resource has been substantially altered since its period of significance and docs not retain sufficient intcgrity to rctlect
its original character. The site lacks integrity in the form of location as the corral has been dismantled and moved and the main house structure and privy have been removed completely.
The materials, dcsign and workmanship arc vernacular and arc not uniquc or fCmarkable examples of western ranch buildings. As lor the sitc's setting, the actualloeation is overgrown
with vegetation and the surrounding area is being altered significantly by energy development. In tcrms of integrity of association, it is not known how long Mr. I)arkes remained in
the area or if he played an important role in the community developmcnt. Due to the recent nearby construction activities the site's feeling as an early, remote homestead is diminishing.
No filrthcr work is recommended. Site 5GF4207.1 is the historic Newton Ditch. The ditch is located in the bOllomland of Clear Creek ncar the confluence of Clear Creck and Deer Park Gulch.
Thc elevation averages approximately 5800 feet and the vegetation is sagebrush grasslands and groves of oak brush. The soil is tan, silty, pebbly sand along the ditch edges. The ditch
mcasures approximately 4700 feet in length and averages two to three feet 19
in width and draws its water li'om Clear Creek. Records with the Colorado Division of Water Resources indicated the ditch was originally appropriated on July I. 1883 and adjudicated
on May II, 1889. Several additional decreed amounts are also on tile dating from 1889 to1937. The ditch is likely associated with site 5GF1103. the Newton ranch which is located about
a third of a mile cast of the ditch at the mouth of Deer Park Gulch. The ditch was in use at the timc of recording and records indicate such use has been steady lor the last thirty-six
years (as liu back as the records have been kept). Evaluation and Recommcndation The site is field evaluated as not eligible f()r listing on the National Register of Historic Places.
This detcnnination was reached by assessing the site in tcrms of integrity as defined by the Statc Historic Preservation Office wherein a resource that rctains its integrity will possess
several and usually most, of the seven aspects of integrity (location, setting, design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association). There is nothing significant about the ditch
in terms of these seven aspects of intcgrity with the exception of association in that it is a named feature on the landscape and can be associated with early homesteaders in the Roan
Creek Valley. The site is not likely to yield additional important historical infonnation. No further work is recommended. Site 5GF4208 is the historic homestead of the Carr family.
The site is located in the valley bottom east of Clear Creek and opposite Deer Park Gulch. Elevation is 5800 fect and the vegetation is agricultural fields with groves of riparian growth
along the creek. The soils arc a deep, alluvial clayey sand. The present recording only addresses a single cabin structure at the site as the recorders were denied access to the property
and could only conduct a minimal visual assessment. The cabin appears to be a one-room, one story, single gable type constructed of logs and a shake shingle roof. A window is present
on the cast side and is constructed of single pane glass in a true-divided lite contiguration of III3W. Numerous other structurcs and features are present at the complex, both historic
and modern as can be seen on an aerial map ofthe area fi'mn 2005. Historic records searched lor this area include the Government Land Otliee (GLO) and the Colorado Division of Water
Resources. These indicate that a land patent filing for the propel1y was by Ann II. Carr as a Sale-Cash Entry (3 Stat. 566) with an issue date of 7/30/1891 (Accession/Serial Nr.: COCOAA
005889). lIer tiling was forT. 6 S .. R. 98 W. Section 16, Tract 44. John N. Carr also filcd in T. 6S, R. 98 W., Section 16, Tract 72 with an issue date of2/9/1891 as did Mattie A. Can'
in T.6 S., R. 98 W., Section 9, Tract 40 with an issue date of 11/9/1891. These tracts are all adjoining and it is assumed the three homesteaded the land jointly and werc related. Additionally,
a house is shown on the 01.0 maps datcd 1923 by surveyor Hans D. Voigt (published in 1925). 20
A reference to the early cattle ranchers in the Roan Creek area is made in the document entitled, "Cattle & Shale, 1884 -1984, A Story of Roan Creek and Dc Beque" and reads .... "Gayton
and William Kimball were the first to bring in any large number of cattle, five hundred head in 1883, and they settled on what has ever since been known as Kimball Creek. They brought
with thcm as cowboys, Dave Baker and H.B.Seldon. That same year C.H. Conwell put cattle on what became Con Creek, Tom Wallance on Wallace Creek. John Carr on Carr Creek, and the Newton
Brothers, George and Frank, settled on Clear Creek." Interestingly, the GLO records only show homestead claims ti)r anyone named Carr in Garfield County on Clear Creek and not on Carr
Creek. However, the year referenced in the book was 1883 and the filings regarding this property arc 1891, so likely Mr. Carr moved his cattle opcration fi'<lI11 Carr Creek to Clear
Creek. Evaluation and Management Recommendation The site is field evaluated as need data due to the fact that only one structure at the complex was addressed becausc of access issues.
Thcse issues include the tact that the modem buildings in the site are presently occupied. Avoidance is recommended. Site 5GF4209.1 is an historic ditch located cast of Clear Creek in
the valley bottom at the mouth of Scott Gulch. The elevation averages approximately 5720 feet and the vegetation is sagebrush grasslands and groves of oak brush. The soil is tan, silty,
pebbly sand along the ditch edges. The segment of the ditch recorded herein mcasures approximately 1735 leet in length and averages two to three leet in width and draws its water from
Clear Creek. The ditch may have originally been associated with William M Scott who filed a Homestcad Entry Original (12 Stat. 392) patent on 7/1611931 (Accession/Serial Nr. : 1048009)
which includes the land the ditch is located on. The ditch is overgrown and 1111cd in and has apparently not been used for some time. Evaluation and Recommendation The site is field
evaluated as not eligible for listing on the National Register of llistoric Places. This determination was made by assessing the site in tenns of its integrity as defined by the State
Historic Preservation Otlice wherein a resource that retains its integrity will possess several and usually most, of the seven aspects of integrity (location, setting, design, materials,
workmanship, leeling, and association). There is nothing significant about the ditch in tenns of these seven aspects of integrity and the site is not likely to yield additional important
historical information. No further work is recommended. Site 5GF4210 is the rcmains of an historic corral located on the wcst side of Clear Creek betwcen the creek and the main road
approximately one half mile southeast of the contluencc of Clear Creek and Tom Creek. The elevation is approximately 5960 feet and the 21
vegetation is big sagebrush with grasses and groves of oakbrush nearby. The soils are tan to brown silty, clayey sand. The corral measures approximately 65' northwest to southeast and
50' northeast to southwest and parallels the road in the longer dimension. The corral is constl1lcted of poles (not sawn) and wire and is quite deteriorated. No other cultural material
was present. An historic records search for the location which includes the corral area was conducted through the Govcrnment Land Oftice (ULO) and the Colorado Division of Water Resources.
These indicate that the carliest land patent tiling in T. 5S., R. 98 W., Section 36, Tract 108 was by Harris A. Newton with un issue date 01'9/12/1910 (Accession/Serial Nt'.: 151274).
This was filed under the Desel1 Land Act, which required patentee's to construct ditches in order to settle the property, however, no ditch was found to he associated with this tiling.
Evaluation and Recommendation The site is field evaluated as not eligible tor listing on the National Register of Ilistoric Places. This deternlination was made by assessing the site
in terms of its integrity as delined by the State Historic Preservation Ollice wherein a resource that retains its integrity will possess several and usually most, of the seven aspects
of integrity (location, setting, design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association). There is nothing significant about the corral in terms of these seven aspects of integrity
and the site is not likely to yield additional important historical int(lI'Illation. No further work is recommcnded. Site 5GF4224.1, the Clear Creek Road, is located along Clear Creek
in Garfield County, north ot'Parachute. Elevationl'llnges between 5600 and 6600 feet. Vegetation is variable, consisting of riparian vegetation in the bottom of Clear Creek and pinyon,
juniper, and sagebrush on the surrounding hill slopes. Soils are, in general, light tan sandy loam deposited by alluvial and colluvial actions. The road is approximately 13 miles in
length, and appears to begin at the point where Willow Creek merges with Clear Creek and terminates at Clear Creek's convergence with Roan Creek. A search of GLO records indicated that
the original road was in place as early as 1884 as an unnamed trail (C. Alex Trease, surveyor). At that time Clear Creck was referred to as a "branch of the Roan Creek." By Addison Teller's
surveys in 1923, the Creek had been designated "Clear Creek" and the trail was in use as a road, although appears to have been named the "North Fork Road." The entirety of the road has
been recorded, photographed and mapped. Evaluation and Recommendation The road is field evaluated as not eligible for listing on the National Register of 22
llistoric Places. This determination was made by assessing the site in terms of its integrity as detined by the State Historic Preservation Office wherein a resource that retains its
integrity will possess several and usually most, of the seven aspects of integrity (location, setting, design, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association). There is nothing significant
about the road in terms of these seven aspects of integrity and it is not likely to yield additional important historical information. No further work is recommended. Isolated Find 5GF4223
is the remains of an old litrln wagon. The wagon measures approximately 12' 3" feet in length and seven leet in width and is constructed of milled lumber. The three upright walls are
of I x 10 slats placed horizontally and suppOited by six strips of lumber placed vertically and at equal intervals on each of the 12 toot sides. The tailgate portion is open and the
wagon contains some rusted chicken wire in its bed. Discussion This project has provided an opportunity to continue the investigations into the Clear Creek Valley. One previously recorded
historic site was evident and six new historic sites and one historic isolated find were recorded. Previous archaeological studies in the general vicinity have suggested regional occupation
lor as long as 8000 years, although recently an inventory of block units east of this study area within the South Parachute GAP (Conner ct al. 2006) provided direct evidence ofthc presence
of Foothill-Mountain Paleoindian occupation at 5GF1323, which pushes the regional prehistoric occupation dates back to about 10,000 yr BP. The majority ofthc finds in the general area
still rcmain primarily from the Late Archaic, Formative (Fremont), and Numic (Ute) Eras. Many of the previously recorded resources in the region indicate that this area was intensively
occupied during the Protohistoric Era. Additional inventories in the immcdiate vicinity support this finding. Untortunately for many of the sites whcre wickiups were present, post-cutting
and wood collection by the Historic EuroAmerican settlers and ranchers over the past 125 years has nearly wiped out evidence of their presence. Also, surface collection of diagnostic
artilllcts has impacted the sites and atleetcd the assignment of cultural/temporal associations. Interest in the potential agricultural lands of western Colorado (namely the Colorado.
Dolores, Gunnison, La Plata, San Miguel, Uncompahgre, and White River vallcys) had been growing lor some time prior to the Utes' banishmcnt, and by thc spring of 1881 /i'ontier towns
closest to the Ute lands were "crowded with people, anxious to enter the Reservation and take possession of the most desirable locations." (Haskell 1886:2). Only days after the last
of the Utes had been cxpelled, settlers began rushing onto the rescrvation lands. Settlement activity spread quickly--during the autumn months of 1881 land claims were staked, town sites
were 23
chosen, and railroad routes were surveyed (Haskell 1886; Borland 1952). However, the le)flucr reservation lands were not oflicially declared public lands until 10 August 1882. Although
the recently ceded lands were technically open to settlement, applications tell' land patents under the Homestead Act of 1862 (under which Cash Entry patents wcre issued) and the Desert
Land Act of 1877 could not be actcd upon until the govenuuent had surveycd thc lands. The 1882 declaration did not allow homestead cntries on thc ncwly opened lands, but only preemptions,
or Cash Entries (Borland 1952:75). Under the Homestead Act, title to 160 acres of public domain could be obtained through continuous residence on the land and making improvements to
it over a live-year period; under a Cash Entry claim, the residency requirement was reduced to six 1110nths and a per-acrc charge of $1.25 was assesscd. All of the early (1890s) land
patents in and around thc study area were Cash Entries. The turn of the century brought changes in patenting policy; not only Cash Entry claims but Homestead and Descrt Land Entries
were approved as well. Summary of Site Evaluations and Recommendations In summary, as a result of the Class 1/1 inventory, prcviously recorded sites 5GF35 I and 5GF4224.1 were revisitcd
and re-evaluated. Additionally, five historic sites 5GF4206 through 5GF421 0, and one historic isolated tind, 5GF4223, were newly documented. Site 5GF4208 was evaluated as need data
because old buildings of a homestead are within an operating ranch with modern structures and access to the site was limited. The remaining historic cultural resources were field evaluated
as not eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. Accordingly, a determination of "no clTcct" lor thc project is recommended pursuant to Section 106 of the National
Historic Preservation Ace (36 CFR 800). No further work is recommended. 24
) ) References Almand, Richard E. 1967 A description and analysis of surface collected pottery from the Collbran region, Colorado. Southwestern Lore 33(2):47·60. Armstrong, Harley J.
and Allen J. Kihm 1980 Fossil vertebrates of the Grand Junction Area. Ms on file at the Bureau of Land Management Grand Junction Field Office. Baker, Steven G. 1990 An archaeological
inventory of Chandler and Associates' Southwest Rangely Federal 3·8 Access Road, Rio Blanco County, Colorado. Ms on file, Bureau of Land Management, White River Area Office, Meeker.
Black, Kevin 1986 Mitigative archaeological excavations at two sites for the Cottonwood Pass Project, Chaffee and Gunnison Counties, Colorado. Ms on file, Metcalf Archaeological Consultants,
Inc., Eagle. Borland, Lois 1952 Ho for the reservation; settlement of the Western Slope. Colorado Magazine 29(1 ):56·75. Buckles, William G. 1971 The Uncompahgre Complex: Historic Ute
Archaeolol!v and Prehistoric Archaeology on the Uncom[lahgre Plateau in West Central Colorado. l>hD. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado. Universtiy Microfilms,
Ann Arbor. Cassells, E. Steve 1983 The Archaeology of Colorado. Johnson, Boulder. Chavez, Frey A. and Ted J. Warner 1976 The Dominguez·Escalante Joumal .. Their EX[ledition through Colorado,
Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico in 1776. Brigham Young University Press, Provo. Conner, Carl E. and Danni L. Langdon 1987 Battlement Mesa area cultural resources study. Ms on file, Grand
River Institute, Grand Junction. 25
Conner, Carl E., James C. Miller and Nicole Darnell 2006 Class III (intensive) cultural resource inventory of three block acreages within the South Parachute Geographic Area Plan (GAP)
domain in Garfield County, Colorado, for Williams Production RMT. Ms on file, Bureau of Land Management, Glenwood Springs Field Office. Conner, Carl E. and Richard W. Ott 1978 Petroglyphs
and pictographs of the Grand Junction District, Volume 1. Ms on file, Bureau of Land Management, Grand Junction. Davis, William E. 1985 The Montgomery Folsom Site. Current Research in
the Pleistocene 2: 1-3. Fishell, Dave 1982 Serious historian should use book. The Daily Sentinel 20 June 1882-1982, Grand Junction. Frison, George C. 1991 Prehistoric Hunters of the
High Plains. Academic Press, Inc. New York. Hand, 0.0. and Jolm Gooding 1980 Excavations at Dotsero, 5EA128. Southwestern Lore 46:25-35. Haskell, Charles W. 1886 History and Description
of Mesa County, Colorado. Edited and published by the Mesa County Democrat, Grand Junction. Holmer, Richard N. 1986 Common Projectile Points of the Intermountain West. In Anthropology
of the Desert West, ed. By Carol G. Condie and Don D. Fowler: 91-115. University of Utah Anthropological Papers No. 110. Salt Lake City. Husband, Michael B. 1984 Colorado Plateau Country
Historic Context. Colorado Historical Society, Denver. Jennings, Jesse D. 1978 Prehistory of Utah and the Eastern Great Basin. University of Anthropological Papers No. 98. Salt Lake
City. Lister, Robert H. and Herbert W. Dick 1952 Arehaeology of the Glade Park area: A progress report. Southwestern Lore 17(4):69-93. 26
) ) Mehls, Steven F. 1984 Colorado Mountains Historic Context. Colorado Historical Society, Denver. Murray, Erlene D. 1973 Lest We Forget--A Short History of Early Grand Valley, Colorado,
Originally Called Parachute, Colorado. Quahada, Inc., Grand Junction. O'Neil, Brian 1993 The Archaeology of the Grand Junction Resource Area: Crossroads to the Colorado Plateau and the
Southern Rocky Mountains. A Class I Overview. Unpublished manuscript on file at the Grand Junction Resource Area Office. O'Neil, Brian, Carl E. Conner, Barbara J. Davenport, and Richard
Ott 2004 Archaeological Assessment of site 5GF308 -The Rifle Wickiup Village, in Garfield County, Colorado. Ms on file, Bureau of Land Management Glenwood Springs. O'Rourke, Paul M.
1980 Frontier in Transition. Bureau of Land Management Cultural Resources Series Number Ten. Colorado State Office, Denver. Prather, Sarah and Armand de Beque. n.d. History of Roan Creek
and De Beque. Ms on file, Mesa County Library, Grand Junction. Rait, Mary 1932 History of the Grand Valley. M.A. lhesis, University of Colorado, Boulder. Reed, Alan D. 1990 Archaeological
data recovery at three prehistoric sites located along State Road 313, Grand County, Utah. Ms on file, Bureau of Land Management, Moab. Reed, Alan P. and Michael D. Metcalf 1999 Colorado
Prehistory: A Context for the Northern Colorado Plateau. Colorado Council of Professional Archaeologists, Boulder. Schroedl, Alan R. 1991 Paleoindian Occupation in the Eastern Great
basin and Northern Colorado Plateau. Utah Archaeology, Vol. 4, No.1, pp. 1-16. 27
Smith, Anne M. 1974 Ethnography of the Northern Utes. Museum of New Mexico Papers in Anthropology No. 17. Albuquerque. Tipps, Betsy L. 1988 The Tar Sands Project: An Inventory and Predictive
Model for Central and Southem Utah. Bureau of Land Management, Utah. Cultural Resource Series No. 22. BLM, Utah State Office, Salt Lake City. U.S.D.A., Soil Conservation Service 1978
Soil Survey of Mesa County Area, Colorado. Vandenbusche, Duane and Duane Smith 1981 A Land Alone. Colorado's Western Slope. Pruett Publishing Company, Boulder. Wormington, H. Marie and
Robert H. Lister 1956 Archaeological Investigations on the Uncompahgre Plateau in Colorado. Denver of Museum of Natural History Proceedings No.2. Denver. Young, Robert G. and Joann W.
1977 Colorado West. Land of Geology and Wildflowers. Wheelwright Press, Ltd. 28
FOR OFFIC[AL USE ONLY: D[SCLOSURE OF SITE LOCATIONS [S PROHlB[TED (43 CFR 7.18) Appendix A: Site Location Data and OHAP Site Forms A.I
) Table A-I. Cultural resources location data. I Resource No. I Descril!tion I UTM Location I 50F351 Protohistoric Race Track 12:729605mE; 4380572mN (NAD 27) 12:729587mE; 4380544mN (NAD
27) 12:729600mE; 4380449mN (NAD 27) 12:729778mE; 4380212mN (NAD 27) 12:729778mE; 4380146mN (NAD 27) 12:729806mE; 4380137mN (NAD 27) 12:729868mE; 4380214mN (NAD 27) 12:729873mE; 4380239mN
(NAD 27) 12:729858mE; 4380286mN (NAD 27) 12:729833mE; 4380339mN (NAD 27) 12:729815mE; 4380424mN (NAD 27) 12:729799mE; 4380455mN (NAD 27) 12:729772mE; 4380483mN (NAD 27) 12:729746mE;
438055 1mN (NAD 27) 12:729662mE; 4380596mN (NAD 27) 50F4206 Historic Ranch Complex 12; 727920mE; 4383675mN (NAD 83) ) 12; 728215mE; 4383955mN (NAD 83) 12; 728065mE; 4383455mN (NAD 83)
12; 728225mE; 4382955mN (NAD 83) 50F4207.1 Historic Newton Ditch 12; 729400mE; 4380840mN (NAD 83) 12; 729540mE; 4380700mN (NAD 83) 12; 729675mE; 4380720mN (NAD 83) 12; 729730mE: 4380635mN
(NAD 83) 12; 729680mE: 4380325mN (NAD 83) 12; 730000mE; 4380040mN (NAD 83) 12; 7301 lOmE; 4379920mN (NAD 83) 501'4208 Historic Ranch Complex 12; 729725mE; 4380100mN (NAD 83) 50F4209.1
Historic Ditch 12; 730095mE; 4378485mN (NAD 8 3) 12; 730860mE; 4378335mN (NAD 83) 12; 730720mN; 43781 IOmN (NAD 83) 501'4210 Historic Corral 12; 728480mE; 4382650mN (NAD 83') 50F4223
Isolated Find 12; 730104mE; 4380107mN (NAD 83) 501'4224.1 Historic Clear Creek Road 12; 721320mE; 4390 130mN (NAD 93) 12; 727995mE; 4383435mN (NAD 83) 12; 730140mE; 4380065mN (NAD 83)
12; 729815mE; 4374080mN (NAD 83) A.2
) ) 8 :..6. ~ 8 0 ..j.:.,; FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY: DISCLOSURE OF SITE LOCATIONS IS PROHIBITED (43 CFR 7.1 8) 728000 729000 730000 " 731000 732000 ______. " ~ _____ ~· ~· ~·L' ~[~· ~,
__ L_ Mount Blaine Quadrangle (1971) ~ J Garfie ld County, Colorado I. ArcMap GIS ORO from I USGS 7.5 minute series (topographic) Scale: 1 :24,000 Contour Interval: 40 feet j 8 .-' 5G·F4207.1
~ T. 6 S., R. 98 W., 6th P.M. \ <> 1 NAD83; Zone 12 '~n~...,~-.,>'. J 1 'I' _ t ;""" ~, --" ~ 5GF4223 "'-.~ 1-:.J ,I -c J I Y·I . , \ I, ), II l • " 1 ,. \ .... .' ,. ! -j , -.#. . "1""
-I I t /~ I ~ " 728000 729000 730000 731000 732000 Figure A-2. Cultural resources location map (2 of 2) for the Class III cultural resource inventory report for the proposed Chevron
Site Development Project in Garfield County, Colorado for Chevron North America. Cultural resources are indicated. [ORI Project 112830, 9/3/08 ) ~
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY: DISCLOSURE OF SITE LOCATIONS IS PROHIBITED (43 CFR 7.18) 727000 728000 729000 ( ( ( fA /" ( Ii, 727000 728000 729000 730000 731000 , ' --------, -, Mount Blaine
Quadrangle ( 1 97 1 ) ~ Garfield County, Colorado Arc Map GIS DRG from USGS 7.5 minute series (topographic) Scale: 1:24,000 Contour Interval: 40 feet T. 5 S. and T. 6 S., R. 98 W., 6th
P.M. NAD83; Zone 12 • .' , f'~ ./) , I '/-. ,< 730000 731000 Figure A-I. Cultural resources location map (\ of 2) for the Class III cultural resource inventory report for the proposed
Chevron Site Development Project in Garfield County, Colorado for Chevron North America. Cultural resources are indicated. [GRI Project 112830, 9/3/08] 8 I 8 ~ ~