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HomeMy WebLinkAbout1.0 ApplicationIndex Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP General Application Materials Preapplication Conference Summary Project Description Impact Analysis Standards Deeds & Easements Vicinity Map Site Plan Erosion and Sediment Control Plan Basic Traffic Analysis Waiver Requests Supplemental Information Adjacent Property Owner and Mineral Rights Information Access Documentation Class I Cultural Resources Report Wildlife & Vegetative Impact Analysis Reclamation Plan Nontributary Groundwater Formation Details NRCS Soils Report Geological and Soil Hazards Report Emergency Response Plan SPCC Plan Stormwater Management Plan Noxious Weed Management Plan Figures O\OLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 General Application Materials Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 Garfield County Building and Planning Department 108 8th Street, Suite 401 Glenwood Springs, CO 81601 (970) 945-8212 www.garfield-county.com LAND USE CHANGE PERMIT APPLICATION FORM TYPE OF APPLICATION • Administrative Review ■ Location and Extent Review = Limited Impact Review • Development in Floodplain • Major Impact Review • Designation of Flood Fringe/Floodway • Amendment to an Approved LUCP • Rezoning • Minor Temp. Housing Facility • PUD Zoning • Vacation of County Road/Public ROW • ULUR Text Amendment • Pipeline Development • Appeal of Admin. Interpretation • Comprehensive Plan Amendment, Minor • 1041 Regulations • Comprehensive Plan Amendment, Major • Variance INVOLVED PARTIES Owner/Applicant Name: Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC Phone: Mailing Address: City: State: Zip Code: E-mail: Representative (Authorization Required) Name: Craig Richardson, Olsson AssociatesPhone: ( 970 ) 263-7800 Mailing Address: 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 City: Grand Junction State: CO Zip Code: 81506 E-mail: crichardson@olssonassociates.com PROJECT NAME AND LOCATION Project Name: J-25 Centralized Distribution Point Assessor's Parcel Number: 1 9 1 7. 2 7 4. 0 0 _0 1 2 Physical/Street Address: none assigned Legal Description: Project location is in the NW1/4 SE1/4 of Sec 25, T4S, R96W, 6th PM. See attached Legal Description of complete parcel description. Zone District: RL - Plateau Property Size (acres): approx 15,800 PROJECT DESCRIPTION Existing Use: Natural gas extraction and production Proposed Use (From Use Table 3-503): Material Handling Description of Project: CDP facility for measuring and separating gas and liquids. REQUEST FOR WAIVERS Submission Requirements E The Applicant requesting a Waiver of Submission Requirements per Section 4-202. List: Section: 4-203.F Landscape Plan Section: Section: 4-203.M Water Supply Plan Section: Waiver of Standards E The Applicant is requesting a Waiver of Standards per Section 4-117. List: Section: 7-305 Landscaping Standards Section: Section: Section: I have read the statements above and have provided the required attached information which is correct and accurate to the best of my knowledge. Signature of Property Owner Date OFFICIAL USE ONLY File Number: ____-____ Fee Paid: $ Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Legal Description Garfield County Parcel # 1917-274-00-012 Section: 19 Township: 4 Range: 95 SEC 19, LOTS 1 (40.14 AC), 2 (40.21 AC), 3, (40.29 AC), 4 (40.36 AC), E1/2W1/2, E1/2. Section: 20 Township: 4 Range: 95 LOTS 1(40.51 AC), 2(40.42 AC), 3(40.44 AC) 4(40.53 AC), W1/2, SE1/4 Section: 21 Township: 4 Range: 95 NE1/4,NENW, W1/2SW, N1/2SE, SESE Section: 22 Township: 4 Range: 95 E2 Section: 23 Township: 4 Range: 95 E2, W2W2, NENW Section: 24 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL Section: 25 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL Section: 26 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL Section: 27 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL Section: 28 Township: 4 Range: 95 LOTS 1(40.44AC), 2(40.37AC), 3(40.35AC), NENE, S2NE, S2 Section: 29 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL Section: 30 Township: 4 Range: 95 LOTS 1(40.33AC), 2(40.21AC), 3(40.07AC) 4(39.94AC), E2W2, E2 Section: 31 Township: 4 Range: 95 LOTS 3(40.10AC), 4(39.82AC), 5(39.42AC), 6(39.14AC), E2W2, E2 Section: 32 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL Section: 33 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL Section: 34 Township: 4 Range: 95 N2, SE Section: 35 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL Section: 36 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL Section: 4 Township: 5 Range: 95 LOTS 1(56.67AC), 4(56.71AC), 6(20.0AC), 8(20.0AC), S2N2 Section: 22 Township: 4 Range: 96 LOTS 1(40.44AC), 2(40.34AC),3(42.09AC),4(41.59AC), 5(40.87AC), 6(40.37AC), NW, S2S2 Section: 23 Township: 4 Range: 96 LOTS 1(40.40AC), 2(40.37AC),3(43.07AC),4(42.81AC), 5(42.78AC), 6(42.52AC), NE, S2S2 Section: 24 Township: 4 Range: 96 LOTS 1(40.49AC), 2(40.66AC), 3(40.83AC), 4(41.00AC), S2N2, S2 Section: 25 Township: 4 Range: 96 ALL Section: 26 Township: 4 Range: 96 ALL Section: 27 Township: 4 Range: 96 ALL Section: 28 Township: 4 Range: 96 E2 Section: 33 Township: 4 Range: 96 E2E2, SWNE, W2SE Section: 34 Township: 4 Range: 96 LOTS 1(42.70AC), 2(42.57AC), 3(42.45AC), 4(42.32AC), N2, N2S2 Section: 35 Township: 4 Range: 96 LOTS 1(42.19AC), 2(42.06AC), 3(41.92AC), 4(41.79AC), N2, N2S2 Section: 36 Township: 4 Range: 96 LOTS 1(40.85AC), 2(41.10AC),3(41.34AC),4(41.60AC), 5(40.12AC), 6(40.12AC), S2N2, N2SW EXCEPT A TR OF LAND CONT 675. AC+/- AS DESC IN BK 1253 PG 941 DESC AS FOLLOWS 4-95 SEC. 35 S2. SEC. 36 S2SENE, SESWNE, S2SWSWNE, S2. ALSO A TR OF LAND CONT 673.38 AC+/- AS DESC IN BK 1259 PG 387 US PATENT 05-2001-0010 DESC AS FOLLOWS, 4-95 SEC.22 W2, SEC. 23 SENW, E2SW, SEC. 34 SW. 5-95 SEC.4 LOTS 5 & 7. encana. natural gas Encana OiI & Gas (USA) Inc. 2717 County Road 215 Suite 100 Parachute, CO 81635 August 2, 2012 Garfield County Building and Planning Department 108 8th Street, Suite 401 Glenwood Springs, CO 81601 RE: Agent Authorization tel: (970) 285-2757 fax: (970) 285-2691 Christopher.putnam@encana.com www.encana.com Encana OiI & Gas (USA) Inc. (Encana) authorizes Mike Markus, Jeff Hofman, and Amanda Jacobs, all of Olsson Associates, to act on behalf of and represent Encana in all matters related to the attached Garfield County Limited Impact Review Land Use Change Permit for the C19 Injection Well Application. Please contact me should you have any questions. Thank You, 8/2/2012 (Signature) Date Chris Putnam Contract Permit Technician (Print Name) Title Please contact me if you need additional information. Sincerely, Chris Putnam Contract Permitting Technician 1 1111 " N: II Pt I+ 11 111 Recept ion*# : 831595 02/20/2013 11,3641 AM Jean plberico 1 of # Rec Fee:311-00 Doc Fee -0 00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO LII Garfield County STATEMENT OF AUTHORITY Pursuant to C.R.S. §38-30472, the undersigned executes this Statement of Authority on behalf of Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC a limited liability company (corporation, limited liability company, general partnership, registered limited liability partnership, registered limited liability limited partnership, limited partnership association, government agency, trust or other), an entity other than an individual, capable of holding title to real property (the "Entity"), and states as follows: The name of the Entity is Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC and is formed under the laws of The State of Delaware The mailing address for the Entity is 370 17th Street Suite 1700 Denver, CO 80202 The name and/or position of the person authorized to execute instruments conveying, encumbering, or otherwise affecting title to real property on behalf of the Entity is Renata Busch, Chris Putnam, Jason Oates, Julia Carter. Jennifer Lind The limitations upon the authority of the person named above or holding the position described above to bind the Entity are as follows (if no limitations, insert "None"): permit applications submitted to or issued by Garfield County Other matters concerning the manner in which the Entity deals with any interest in real property are (if no other matter, leave this section blank): EXECUTED this day of 20 Signature: Name (printed): Damn Henke Title (if any): Manager STATE OF )S5. COUNTY OF L.) The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this ly " day of G }; . , , 20 / 3 by . , -. tt .. , on behalf of 1 t..�le, r Ktr-uta L.. C C c 1_I. Witness my hand and official seal. My commission expires: (Date) [SE My r",nrinmttslon Expires 031171201E (Notary Public) •110%1'110.1'i11111.11111.1 f1401r11r'I "r r l Hili 11111 Reception#: 821766 07/24/2612 03,04:12 PM Jean Alberioo 1 of 1 Roc Fee:$11.00 Doc Fee:0:00 CARFIELD COUNTY CO STATEMENT OF AUTHORITY CONFORMED COPY Pursuant to C.R.S. L38-30-172, the undersigned executes this Statement of Authority on behalf of Encana Oil +ii Gas (USA) Inc. a cor�oratian (corporation, limited liability company, general partnership, registered limited liability partnership, registered limited liability limited partnership, limited partnership association, government agency, trust or other), an entity other than an individual, capable of holding title to real property (the "Entity"), and states as follows: The name of the Entity is ncppa pll brx�s_(�_Al�ir and is Formed under the laws of the State of Delaware The mailing address for the Ent i r y is 37017th Street, Suite 1700 Denver, CO 80202 The name and/or position of the person authorized to execute instruments conveying, encumbering, or otherwise affecting title to real property on behalf of the Entity is Renata Busch, Jason Eckman, Mike Herndon and Chris Putnam The limitations upon the authority of the person named above or holding the position described above to bind the Entity are e a s follows : sign permit applications and permits issued by Garfield County (if no limitations, insert None") Other matters concerning the manner in which the Entity deals with any interest in real property are: (if no other matter, leave this section blank) EXIiCUTED Lhis i 3 day of sat/T, Signature: Name (typed or printed: boffin J. Henke STATE OF Colorado COUNTY OF Denver 2012.. Title (if any} : } }SS. } Vice -President The Foregoing instrument was acknowledged }aetoreme this day of `! „Tune Tj I i y 201L by Darrin J, Henke , _ T_ , on behalf o f ticana Oddi Go (USA} Inc, , a I1plawarg Corporgtion 11/08 Witness my hand and official ncal. My commission expires: ti D1TH B SISNBROS NOTARY PUBLIC STATE OF COLORADO My Commission Expires 03117/2018 (Notary Public) Preapplication Conference Summary Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 GARFIELD COUNTY Building & Planning Department 108 8th Street, Suite 401, Glenwood Springs, Colorado 81601 Telephone: 970.945.8212 Facsimile: 970.384.3470 0375 CR 352, Bldg #2060, Rifle, CO 81650 Telephone: 970.625.5903 Facsimile: 625.5939 www.garfield-countv.com PRE -APPLICATION CONFERENCE SUMMARY PLANNER: Glenn Hartmann DATE: 12/6/12 PROJECT: J25CDP Centralized Distribution - Metering Facility PARCEL: 1917-274-00-012 APPLICANT/OWNER: Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC in Conjunction with Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. REPRESENTATIVES: Chris Putnam, Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. and Craig Richardson, Olsson Associates PRACTICAL LOCATION: Located approximately 18 miles northwest of Parachute in Section 25, T4S, R96W. ZONING: Resource Lands - Plateau TYPE OF APPLICATION: Limited impact Review — Material Handling L GENERAL DESCRIPTION & DISCUSSION Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC in Conjunction with Encana Oil and Gas (USA) Inc. propose to request a Land Use Change Permit — Limited Impact Review for this existing facility. It is a metering facility located on the Liberty Pipeline gathering system. All required facilities are existing and in place including access roads and storm water management improvements (best management practices). The site is improved with compacted road base and is fenced. It site is approximately 1.48 acres in size with approximately 2,033 sq.ft. of buildings along with pipe racks, various storage tanks, slug catchers, and horizontal "treater" facilities as shown on the attached site plan. The Applicant has represented that while separation of gas and liquids occurs on the site to facilitate the monitoring function, no treatment occurs on the site. The gas and liquids are recombined after measurement and before re-entering the pipeline distribution system. Based on the Applicant's representations Material Handling is an appropriate designation for the Land Use Change Permit request and requires a Limited Impact Review Permit in the Resource Lands — Plateau Zone District. In addition to standard requirements of the ULUR the Applicant will need to address the location of conveyance network (pipelines) serving the facility, County permitting information if applicable, and easement information if pipeline alignments extend off of Encana Property. ENCANA OIL & GAS )USA) INC PARCEL NO M1727400012 The Application will need to provide information on any hazards (including mitigation), stormwater drainage plans and improvements, CDPHE Permits including air and stormwater, and SPCC Plans. Staff anticipates the Application will be supported by actual permits issued and as -built documentation as the facility is existing. The Applicant has highlighted that the submittals will included additional documentation of access agreements and easements for the existing access road. Other submittal requirements including impact analysis documents such as analysis of wildlife impacts will also need to be provided. The Applicant has represented that reclamation will be addressed and that the site is included under an existing reclamation bond. Where waivers to submittal requirements may be requested compliance with the waiver provisions of the ULUR found in Section 4-202 will be required. The site plan inserted below identifies the existing facilities in place that the Applicant is anticipating permitting with the current request. 11. COMPREHENSIVE PLAN The site is designated in the Garfield County Comprehensive Plan 2030 as Resource Production/Natural (RPN). The Comprehensive Plan description of this use includes support buildings and facilities needed for the natural resource extraction industry. This description is consistent with the current proposal. The plan also notes that this designation includes areas that may have significant environmental constraints including slopes. HI. REGULATORY PROVISIONS APPLICANT IS REQURED TO ADDRESS • Garfield County Comprehensive Plan 2030 • Garfield County Unified Land Use Resolution of 2008, as amended (effective 8/13/12) o Article III, Zoning & Use Tables — Resource Lands Plateau Zone District o Article IV, Application and Review Procedures including Sections 4-104 (Limited Impact Review), Section 4417 (Waiver of Standards), Section 4-202 (Waiver of Submittal Requirements, and Section 4-203 Submittal Requirements o Article VII, Standards — Divisions 1 and 2 and 3 as applicable o Article VII, Section 7-1101, Industrial Use Standards o Article XVI, Definitions • Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment Regulations Pertaining to Storm Water and Air Quality • Safety Regulations pertaining to emergency procedures and Spill Prevention Plans • Colorado Revised Statutes Regulations on Noise as applicable • Verification that any Garfield County Building Permits and building code requirements have been satisfied. IV. REVIEW PROCESS — LIMITED IMPACT REVIEW 1. Pre -application Conference 2. Application Submittal 3. Determination of Completeness by Planning Staff 4. Submittal of Additional Application Copies 5. Scheduling of the Public Hearing and Referrals are sent out 6. Public Notice Completed by the Applicant. 7. Evaluation by Direct and Staff Review — Report Preparation 8. Review and Action by the Board of County Commissioners at the Public Hearing. V. ADDITIONAL SUBMITTAL REQUIREMENTS An Application for a Limited Impact Review will also need to provide a listing of all property owners (with addresses) within 200 ft., an excerpt from the Assessor's Office mapping showing the ownerships, a listing of any mineral rights owners on the property (with addresses), authorization to represent statements/letters, evidence of ownership and/or lease agreements for the site. VI. APPLICATION REVIEW a. Review by: Staff for completeness recommendation and referral agencies for additional technical review b. Public Hearing: Planning Commission X_ Board of County Commissioners Board of Adjustment c. Referral Agencies: May include but is not limited to: Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, County Road and Bridge Department, County Environmental Health Manager, County Vegetation Manager, County Consulting Engineer, local Fire Protection District, and adjacent Towns. VII. APPLICATION REVIEW FEES a. Planning Review Deposit Fees: Limited Impact Review ($400) b. Referral Agency Fees: TBD c. Total Deposit (GarCo): $400 (additional hours billed at hourly rate) Disclaimer The foregoing summary is advisory in nature only and is not binding on the County. The summary is based on current zoning, which is subject to change in the future, and upon factual representations that may or may not be accurate. This summary does not create a legal or vested right. Pre -application Summary Prepared by; Ib/j3 /7L Glenn Hartmann, Senior Planner Date Garfield County Building & Planning Department Project Description Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 _OLSSON ASSOCIATES Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC J25 Centralized Distribution Point Project Description Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC (HRES) is submitting a Limited Impact Review (LIR) application for the operation of the Liberty J25 Central Delivery Point (CDP). HRES is a holding an assets holding company operated by Encana. Encana personnel will operate and maintain the existing CDP facility. Some documents submitted with this application may reference Encana policies and procedures where applicable. The CDP is located in the NE1/4, SE1/4 of Section 25, Township 4 South, Range 96 West, of the 6th Principal Meridian. The CDP was constructed as part of the Liberty Pipeline to enable EnCana to utilize its 3-phase gathering process which is used to reduce well pad size and minimize truck traffic needed to make round trips daily to haul produced water and condensate. The proposed CDP is located approximately 18 miles north-northeast of Parachute, Colorado situated on EnCana's North Parachute Ranch property. Unprocessed natural gas is transported to the CDP facility for measuring and separating gas and liquids. The CDP facility was constructed on a 2.7 acre graded pad. A 3 -Phase line enters into a vessel at the CDP site where the natural gas, condensate and water are separated. From this vessel the natural gas will flow through a meter run and down the dry gas pipeline. The condensate flows through a LACT system and is be pumped into the liquids line. The water enters the water skid and is either pumped to well pads for reuse or into the liquids line. The natural gas and produced water/condensate trunk pipelines leaving the CDP's are connected into existing EnCana pipeline systems for delivery of the natural gas and produced water to the existing Middle Fork Compressor Station and the Middle Fork Water Storage Recycling Facility located in Section 30, Township 5 South, Range 96 West. The facility also provides the option to recombine the natural, condensate and water for the continued utilization of a three phase line from the project site to the Middle Fork facilities. The facility will consist of the following equipment: 2 water pump buildings (1 additional future water pump building for increased volumes) 3 generators 1 LACT Unit (1 additional future LACT Unit with larger capacity) 3 slug catchers 2 3 -Phase separators 2 launchers 2 receivers 1 gas meter building 826 211/2 Road TEL 970.263.7800 Grand Junction, CO 81505 FAX 970.263.7456 www.oaconsulting.com Impact Analysis Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 O\OLSSON ASSOCIATES Article 4 — Impact Analysis Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC J25 Centralized Distribution Point SECTION 4-203.G. IMPACT ANALYSIS 1. Adjacent Property A copy of the appropriate portion of the Garfield County Assessor's Map is provided under a separate tab. Garfield County Assessor's GIS data was used to create an adjacent parcels map identifying parcels located within 200' of the subject parcel boundary. Adjacent properties to Parcel No. 191727400012, where Encana's proposed injection well facility is located are listed under a separate tab. 2. Adjacent Land Use. The adjacent uses within a 1500' radius of the site primarily consist of agricultural activities and natural gas extraction. The proposed use is consistent with existing uses in the surrounding area. These uses will not be adversely impacted by operation of the existing J25 Centralized Distribution Point the subject property. There are no structures located within 1500' of the proposed facility (see Figure S-1). 3. Site Features The J25 Centralized Distribution Point is an existing facility no additional disturbance is proposed. The site is located on Encana's privately owned NPR approximately 16 miles northwest of Parachute, CO in Section 25, Township 4 South, Range 96 West, 6th Principal Meridian. The elevation is approximately 8,200 feet. The site is accessed via Garfield County Road 215 to Encana's NPR gate, and then a private road system. The site is located on a ridge -top in the upper elevations of the Roan Plateau. Native vegetation surrounding the site is consistent with sagebrush communities, mountain shrub, and aspen woodlands found throughout the region. 4. Soil Characteristics According to information prepared by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Soil Survey, soils in the location of this site have been mapped as the Parachute -Rhone loam (53). A copy of a NCRS Custom Soil Resource Report and a Geoloic Hazard Report for the project site has been included with this application. The Parachute -Rhone loam (53) soils are developed on 5 to 30 percent slopes, and consist of well drained soils on mountainsides and ridges, at elevations of 7,600 to 8,600 feet. The parent material of this soil is residuum weathered from sandstone. Depth to restrictive paralithic bedrock is approximately 20 to 40 inches. The soils will impact the continued operation of the J25 Centralized Distribution Point at this location. 826 211/2 Road TEL 970.263.7800 Grand Junction, CO 81505 FAX 970.263.7456 www.olssonassociates.com Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC J25 CDP 5. Geology and Hazard Structural Geology The location for this facility is underlain by the main body of the Eocene Uinta Formation. The Uinta Formation (Eocene) formed mainly from the clastic sediments of a generally southward prograding deltaic complex that ultimately filled the Eocene lake in which sediments of the Green River Formation were deposited. Much of the Uinta consists of southward -thinning wedges composed chiefly of sandstone, and sandstone that interfingers with northward -thinning tongues of marlstone of the Green River Formation. The Uinta Formation, including its tongues, is mostly brown weathering sandstone, but also includes marlstone, mudstone, shale, oil shale, minor limestone, and thin tuff beds The sandstone beds, highly variable in lithology, range from very fine to very coarse grained, and are locally conglomeratic sandstone beds that are generally massive or poorly bedded. Main body of Uinta Formation - The uppermost part of the Uinta in the map area includes fairly abundant marlstone beds similar in lithology to the underlying tongues of the Green River Formation. However, most, if not all of these marlstone beds, are lenticular and are not regarded as tongues of the Green River Formation. The basal contact of the main body of the Uinta is placed at the top of the stratigraphically highest mapped tongue of the Green River Formation or at the top of the Parachute Creek Member where tongues of the Green River Formation are absent. Surficial Geology This part of the Uinta Formation consists of siltstone, marlstone and sandstone with some minor oil shale, limestone and conglomeratic sandstone. The majority of the plateau top in the central Roan Plateau area is underlain by this part of the Uinta Formation. The cliffs at the edges of the plateau to the east and west of the location are comprised of the Parachute Creek Member of the Green River Formation and consist of oil shale, sandstone and mudstone. The rocks of the Uintah Formation are the parent material for the soils that occur at this location. No geologic hazards have been mapped by Garfield County in this area, and no faults or other hazards are evident on the Geologic Map of Colorado. 6. Groundwater and Aquifer Recharge Areas There will be no new disturbance associated with this use. Impacts to groundwater and aquifer recharge areas are not anticipated. 7. Environmental Impacts Field surveys and wildlife assessments were conducted by West Water Engineering. Environmental Impacts are detailed in the Wildlife Impact Analysis included as an attachment to this application. a. Determination of long-term and short-term effects on flora and fauna Fauna The J25 CDP is a previously developed site, and no additional vegetation will be cleared as a part of this project. No TESS plants would be affected. Implementation of Encana's integrated vegetation management plan for projects on the NPR (WWE 2009) would reduce the effects of disturbance to the project site. Impact Analysis Page 2 Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC J25 CDP Flora Because the J25 CDP is a previously developed site, no additional disturbance to sagebrush habitat within the NDIS mapped sage -grouse production area would be removed by development of the project. b. Determination of the effect on significant archaeological, cultural, paleontological, and historic resources A Class I Cultural Survey was prepared by Flattops Archeological Consultants. This report is included as an attachment to this application. No impacts to archaeological, cultural, paleontological or historic resources were found. c. Determination of the effect on designated environmental resources, including critical Wildlife Habitat WestWater Engineering (WWE) biologists conducted field surveys and assessments of wildlife, wildlife habitats, and sensitive plant species at the J25 CDP site. A copy of the wildlife impact report is included with this application for staff review. d. Impacts on Wildlife and domestic animals through creation of hazardous attractions, alteration of existing native vegetation, blockade of migration routes, use patterns, or other disruptions The continued use of the project site for the J25 CDP will not create hazardous wildlife attractions of exiting native vegetation. Migrations routes and use patterns will not be blocked by this use. e. Evaluation of any potential radiation hazard that may have been identified by the State or County Health Departments No potential radiation hazards have been identified by the State or County Health Departments. f. Spill prevention control and countermeasures plan, if applicable All hydrocarbon based liquid storage will be in accordance with the SPCC plan. Containment will be designed to accommodate 110% of the largest storage volume, including but not limited to earthen berms, impervious liners and steel containment. 8. Nuisance Adjacent lands will not be impacted by the generation of vapor, dust, smoke, noise, glare or vibration. 9. Reclamation Plan A Reclamation Plan has been provided under a separate tab. Impact Analysis Page 3 Standards Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 CY\ OLSSON ASSOCIATES Article 7 — Standards Analysis Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC J25 -CDP DIVISION 1. GENERAL APPROVAL STANDARDS FOR LAND USE CHANGE PERMITS SECTION 7-101. COMPLIANCE WITH ZONE DISTRICT USE RESTRICTIONS The subject site is located in the Resource Lands — Plateau Zone District of Garfield County. The Centralized Distribution Point (CDP) facility is classified as a Material Handling use in the Garfield County Unified Land Use Resolution (ULUR) of 2008, as amended. This type of use requires a Limited Impact Review (LIR) in the Resource Land zone districts according to Table 3-503 of the ULUR. SECTION 7-102. COMPLIANCE WITH COMPREHENSIVE PLAN AND INTERGOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENTS The 2030 Comprehensive Plan - Future Land Use Map designates the site as Agricultural Production / Natural (35+AC /DU). The land use designation in the 2030 Comprehensive Plan that describes the site and surrounding area is Resource Production Natural (RPN) primarily accommodating agricultural uses and grazing with natural resource extraction as the primary activities. The following Comprehensive Plan policies apply to the request: Section 9 — Mineral Extraction — Policies 2. Mineral resource extraction activities will protect critical wildlife habitat as identified by state and federal agencies. Development within these designations that cannot be designed, constructed and conducted so as to have a minimum adverse impact upon such habitat or these wildlife species shall be discouraged. 4. Facilities that are appurtenances to oil/gas development activities (compressors, etc.) are considered appropriate in all land uses so long as they meet the respective mitigation requirements of the ULUR to maintain compatibility with surrounding land uses. These issues will be addressed in the following Standards narrative. There are no known intergovernmental agreements associated with this site. 826 211/2 Road TEL 970.263.7800 Grand Junction, CO 81505 FAX 970.263.7456 www.olssonassociates.com Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J25 -CDP SECTION 7-103. COMPATIBILITY The subject site is located on a 15,800 acre parcel owned by the applicant, Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC (HRES). The surrounding area is primarily uses for natural gas production by the property owner and contains pad sites with gas wells, compressor stations, pipelines and water impoundments. The site and the CDP are compatible with the surrounding area. SECTION 7-104. SUFFICIENT ADEQUATE, LEGAL, AND PHYSICAL SOURCE OF WATER This facility is not manned on a regular basis and does not require a source of water to properly function. This standard is not applicable. Produced water at this facility is generated by HRES's natural gas production assets in the Piceance region. Water delivered to the facility will not infringe on any existing water rights. The produced water generated from HRES's natural gas production operations is a result of HRES's drilling operations within the Williams Fork Formation. Williams Fork Formation is classified as a non -tributary formation. The proposed facility will not place a demand on local groundwater resources SECTION 7-105. ADEQUATE CENTRAL WATER DISTRIBUTION AND WASTEWATER SYSTEMS This facility is not manned on a regular basis and does not require a water distribution and wastewater system to properly function. This standard is not applicable. SECTION 7-106. ADEQUATE PUBLIC UTILITIES This facility does not require public utilities. The facility is powered by on-site electric generators and solar panels. The generators will comply with appropriate Colorado air emissions permitting regulations as applicable. SECTION 7-107. ACCESS AND ROADWAYS A. Access to Public Right of Way This facility will be accessed from the north end of County Road (CR) 215 via a series of private roadways that begin near the HRES Guard Shack. This private road system crosses property owned by the Exxon Mobile Corporation and HRES. The Exxon Mobile Corporation has granted HRES the right to use this road across their property to access HRES's facilities. This roadway provides adequate and suitable private access to the J25 -CDP facility and natural gas operations in the general area. Additional information is available in the Basic Traffic Analysis. B. Safe Access The private access roads were designed and maintained by the natural gas industry for their exclusive use and is not designed for public access. The roadway is constructed of gravel and native materials. It is treated with a dust palliative as needed. This roadway provides a safe access to the site for the applicant. C. Adequate Capacity The private access road is 20 to 30 feet wide in most places, and contains pull-outs near areas where opposing traffic can wait for other vehicles to clear narrow road sections or switchbacks. This roadway provides adequate capacity for the natural gas industry. Standards Analysis Page 2 Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J25 -CDP SECTION 7-108. NO SIGNIFICANT RISK FROM NATURAL HAZARDS A. Use of Land Subject to Natural Hazards According to the Garfield County on-line maps the subject site is located outside of the areas studied for slope, soil and surficial geology hazards. The site is also located in a Zone D area where FEMA has not analyzed the flood hazard and has not printed a flood map. The facility is located in an area of moderate wildfire risk according to the Wildfire Map available on-line from the GIS office at Garfield County. The site is located where it is not at risk of rock falls or avalanches. The facility is not subject to significant risk from natural hazards and will not exacerbate existing hazards. B. Platting of Land Subject to Natural Hazards This proposal is not requesting the platting of the property. This standard is not applicable. DIVISION 2. GENERAL RESOURCE PROTECTION STANDARDS FOR LAND USE CHANGE PERMITS SECTION 7-201. AGRICULTURAL LANDS A. No Adverse Affect to Agricultural Operations The subject area is generally used for natural gas production. This facility will create no adverse impacts on agricultural operations. B. Domestic Animal Controls HRES does not allow dogs and other domestic animals at their facilities. The operation of the proposed facility will comply with this standard. C. Fences The site is fenced. The facility will not impact livestock operations. D. Roads The location and layout of this facility will not negatively impact public roads. E. Irrigation Ditches There are no irrigation ditches near this facility or in the general area. This standard is not applicable. SECTION 7-202. WILDLIFE HABITAT AREAS HRES conducted an on-site meeting with CDOW and BLM on August 12, 2009 in preparation of the COGCC Form 2A, Gas and Oil Location Assessment for this site. This completed form and supporting materials were submitted to the COGCC and approved on March 2, 2010. HRES also commissioned WestWater Engineering to prepare a Wildlife and Sensitive Areas Report which is included with this application as an attachment. Standards Analysis Page 3 Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J25 -CDP A. Buffers The Wildlife and Sensitive Areas Report does not recommend the use of buffers to mitigate the impact on wildlife in the area. B. Locational Controls of Land Disturbance According to the Wildlife and Sensitive Areas Report the facility is located near elk production areas. This report recommended that construction activities be restricted between May 15 and June 15 to reduce the disruption of calving in the area. C. Preservation of Native Vegetation The site will be reclaimed after the facility is no longer utilized and will be revegetated with native plant species. Noxious weeds will be controlled during the life of the facility and during the re-establishment of native plants. D. Habitat Compensation No critical wildlife habitat was disturbed in developing this site. E. Domestic Animal Controls HRES does not allow pets at their production facility. SECTION 7-203. PROTECTION OF WETLANDS AND WATERBODIES A. Minimum Setback The facility is located near the top of the Middle Fork of Story Gulch. This is an ephemeral or intermittent stream that only flows during rain storms or periods of run-off. The site is more than 35 feet from any natural waterbody. Engineering controls and stormwater Best Management Practices (BMPs) will be used to protect waterbodies from the impacts of stormwater runoff. B. Structures Permitted in Setback There are no structures located in the 35 -foot setback. C. Structures and Activity Prohibited in Buffer Zone There will be no structures or activities in the 35 -foot buffer zone. SECTION 7-204. WATER QUALITY FROM POLLUTANTS A. Compliance with State and Federal Regulations HRES will comply with all applicable state and federal water quality regulations. Implementation and adherence to HRES's Stormwater Management Plan (SWMP) BMPs and Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures Plan (SPCC) will assure that natural vegetation and waterways are protected. B. Storage Near Waterbodies Restricted There will be no storage associated with this facility within 100 feet of any waterbody. Standards Analysis Page 4 Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J25 -CDP C. Spill Prevention HRES has a Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plan in place for the area where this facility is located. D. Machine Maintenance There will be no maintenance of vehicles or mobile machinery occurring within 100 feet of any waterbody. E. Fuel Storage Areas All stored fuel will be contained to prevent release to any waterbody. F. Waste Storage All temporary storage of wastes will be designed to prevent discharge from the site. SECTION 7-205. EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION The site is an existing facility. No additional surface disturbance is planned. BMPs will be used to protect waterbodies from stormwater runoff during the operation of this facility. SECTION 7-206. DRAINAGE A. Site Design to Facilitate Positive Drainage This standard requires that lots be laid out to provide positive drainage. The proposal will not be creating lots. This standard is not applicable. B. Coordination with Area Storm Drainage Pattern The proposal will not be creating lots. This standard is not applicable. SECTION 7-207. STORMWATER RUN-OFF This facility is more than 100 feet from a waterbody and it does not create more than 10,000 square feet of impervious area. This standard is not applicable. HRES has a Stormwater Master Plan (SWMP) for the subject area with an extension granted to the permit by the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. The SWMP and permit extension are provided as an attachment to this application. SECTION 7-208. AIR QUALITY This facility will not cause air quality to be reduced below acceptable levels established by the Colorado Air Pollution Control Division and will comply with appropriate Colorado air emissions permitting regulations as applicable. Water and magchloride will be applied to the project area as needed for dust suppression. SECTION 7-209. AREAS SUBJECT TO WILDFIRE HAZARDS A. Location Restrictions The site is located in an area of moderate wildfire hazard according the County Wildfire Hazards Map. It is located in an area of low to moderate wildfire hazard on the Colorado Wildlands Urban Interface Hazard Assessment map provided by the Garfield County GIS office. This standard is not applicable to this request. Standards Analysis Page 5 Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J25 -CDP B. Development Does Not Increase Potential Hazard The facility will not increase the potential intensity or duration of a wildfire, or adversely affect wildfire behavior or fuel composition. C. Fuel Modifications There is no need to modify fuel sources for this site. The standard is not applicable. D. Roof Materials and Design The roofs of the existing buildings are sloped and are constructed from a noncombustible material. E. Safety Areas in Residential Development This site is not in a residential area. This standard is not applicable. F. Dead -End Roads This request does not include dead-end roads. This standard is not applicable. G. Hammerhead This request does not propose hammerhead turnarounds. This standard is not applicable. H. Road Grade This request does not propose to dedicate new roads to the subject site. This standard is not applicable. SECTION 7-210. AREAS SUBJECT TO NATURAL HAZARDS AND GEOLOGIC HAZARDS A. Utilities There are no utilities serving this site. This standard is not applicable. B. Development in Avalanche Hazard Areas The subject site is not located in an avalanche hazard area. C. Development in Landslide Hazard Areas The subject site is not located in a landslide hazard area. D. Development in Rockfall Hazard Areas The subject site is not located in a rockfall hazard area. E. Development in Alluvial Fan Hazard Area The subject site is not located in an alluvial fan hazard area. F. Slope Development The subject site is not located on a slope of 20% or greater. G. Development on Corrosive or Expansive Soils and Rock The subject site is located on soil classified as Parachute -Rhone loams by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). This soil type has a low corrosion of concrete Standards Analysis Page 6 Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J25 -CDP properties and moderate corrosion of steel properties. This soil type does not limit the development of the site for natural gas operations. H. Development in Mudflow Areas The subject site is not located in a mudflow area. I. Development Over Faults The subject site is not located over a known fault. SECTION 7-211 AREAS WITH ARCHAEOLOGICAL, PALEONTOLOGICAL, OR HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE A Class 1 Cultural Resource Study was prepared for the subject site by Flattops Archaeological Consultants. Eight Class III cultural resource studies have taken place in the general area between 2005 and 2011. No paleontological, prehistoric or historic cultural resources were recorded. The consultant finds that no historic properties will be affected by the facility. SECTION 7-212. RECLAMATION After the completion of HRES's natural gas production in the area, the facility will be decommissioned and reclaimed in accordance with the reclamation plan provided in the Supplemental Materials. All of HRES's surface disturbances (final reclamation requirements) are covered under a statewide bond. DIVISION 3. SITE PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS SECTION 7-301. COMPATIBLE DESIGN A. Site Organization The site was designed to accommodate the functional and efficient operations, monitoring and maintenance of the facility. B. Operational Characteristics Operation of the proposed facility will be consistent with nearby uses. Adjacent lands will not be impacted by the generation of vapor, dust, smoke, glare, noise or vibration. The facility will be unmanned. There will be minimal impacts, if any, to the existing roadway system during the operational phase. C. Lighting Lighting will comply with Garfield County standards. Any lighting utilized at the site will meet the requirements for downcast, shielded, flashing, and hazardous lighting. D. Buffering Buffering will not be necessary. This site is within a large and remote parcel and is surrounded by similar uses. E. Materials Exterior facades are not constructed of materials that detract from adjacent buildings or uses. Standards Analysis Page 7 Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J25 -CDP F. Building Scale Buildings on the site are constructed to a scale that relates to the nature of the proposed and surrounding uses. SECTION 7-302. BUILDING DESIGN A. Entryway The facility is located in a remote and rural area of the county and within a large parcel. The public will not have general access to the facility. This standard is not applicable. B. Solar Orientation This standard was created to encourage buildings to utilize passive and active solar energy. The buildings at this facility will not be manned or conditioned. This facility does contain some solar panels to supply power for monitoring of equipment and other needs when the electric generators are not operating. SECTION 7-303. DESIGN AND SCALE OF DEVELOPMENT A. Excessive Site Disturbance The site was designed to create the minimal amount of disturbance for the facility. B. Minimize Adverse Influences by Airport Operations This facility will not be impacted by local airport operations. C. Efficiency in Provision of Services and Access to Facilities The facility was designed to operate without the need for utilities and was built adjacent to an existing road. SECTION 7-304. OFF-STREET PARKING AND LOADING STANDARDS Adequate parking will be made available to accommodate HRES personnel during regular operation, inspection and maintenance of the facility. All activities on this site will be conducted out of any public right-of-way. SECTION 7-305. LANDSCAPING STANDARDS No landscaping will be installed. The site is located in a remote and rural part of the county within a large parcel owned by the applicant. The public does not have regular access to the site. This standard is not applicable. SECTION 7-306. LIGHTING STANDARDS A. Downcast Lighting Lighting will be directed inward, towards the interior of the site. B. Shielded Lighting Exterior lighting will be shielded so not to shine directly onto other properties. C. Hazardous Lighting Light from the site will not create a traffic hazard or be confused as traffic control devices. Standards Analysis Page 8 Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J25 -CDP D. Flashing Lights The facility will not contain flashing lights E. Height Limitations There will be no light sources exceeding 40 feet in height on the site. SECTION 7-307. SNOW STORAGE STANDARDS Snow will be stored in a vacant section of the existing disturbed area. The site is graded to accommodate snowmelt to insure sufficient drainage. SECTION 7-308. ROADWAY STANDARDS A. Subdivision Access The proposed request is not a subdivision. This standard is not applicable. B. Requirements for Roadway Infrastructure The primary roads servicing the facility are CR 215 and HRES's private road system. These existing roadways is already accommodating natural gas development operations and will not require modifications to grade, or surface in order to sustain the facility. The site is currently served by an adequate road system. Additional roadway infrastructure is not required. C. Circulation and Alignment The road system provides adequate and efficient circulation and provided reasonable access to the public highway system. D. Intersections No intersections are being planned. This standard is not applicable. E. Street Names No street names are being proposed. This standard is not applicable. F. Congestion and Safety The road system was designed to provide safe access to HRES's operations in the area. G. Continuation of Roads and Dead -End Roads No new roadways are required for this facility. This standard is not applicable. H. Relationship to Topography No new roadways are required for this facility. This standard is not applicable. I. Erosion and Drainage County Road 215 is maintained by the County. The private road system is maintained by HRES. Standards Analysis Page 9 Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J25 -CDP J. Commercial and Industrial The site is located in a rural and remote area of Garfield County. There will not be pedestrian traffic to consider at this location. K. Emergency Access and Egress The existing road system provides emergency access and egress. L. Road Surface County Road 215 has an asphalt road surface and is considered to be in good condition by the Garfield County 2011 HUTF report. The series of private roads has a surface consisting of native materials and gravel. Table 7-308 does not have a standard for private roads that service the natural gas industry facilities. M. Traffic Control and Street Lighting Access to the private road system is controlled at the HRES Guard Shack. Additional traffic control devices and roadway improvements are not required at this time. N. Drainage Structures Additional drainage structures for the private road system are not required at this time. This standard is not applicable. SECTION 7-309. TRAIL AND WALKWAY STANDARDS The subject site is located in a rural and remote area of the county. The facility is within a 15,800 acre parcel owned by the applicant. This standard is not applicable. SECTION 7-310. UTILITY STANDARDS This facility does not require utility services. This standard is not applicable. DIVISION 11. ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR INDUSTRIAL USES SECTION 7-1101. INDUSTRIAL USE A. Residential Subdivisions This site is not located in a platted residential subdivision. B. Setbacks This site is located in a large parcel and is more than 100 feet from an adjacent residential property line. C. Concealing and Screening This site is located in a large and remote parcel. Screening from dissimilar uses in the area is not required. D. Loading and Unloading All loading and unloading of materials will be conducted on private property and not in the public right-of-way. Standards Analysis Page 10 Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J25 -CDP E. Storing All products will be stored in compliance with all national, State and local codes and will be a minimum of 100 feet from adjacent property lines. F. Hours of Operation This facility will operate 24 -hours a day. It will not generate noise, odors or glare beyond the property boundaries. G. Industrial Wastes All industrial wastes will be disposed of in a manner consistent with Federal and State statures and requirements of the CDPHE. H. Noise Noise at the existing J25 CDP facility will not exceed COGCC noise standards. The nearest property boundary (Exxon) is approximately 1.5 miles away with no line of site, providing significant geographic relief. Approximately 100 vertical feet of elevated terrain above the facility separate the line of site between the facility and the nearest property boundary. The Exxon property is also primarily used in the capacity of Oil & Gas extraction operations. Surrounding ambient noise is consistent with industrial operations and, while there have been no noise studies done near the existing facility; there have been no complaints from surrounding landowners. I. Ground Vibration This facility will not generate ground vibrations perceptible beyond the boundary line of the property. J. Interference, Nuisance, or Hazard This facility will not emit heat, glare, radiation or fumes which will interfere with uses on adjacent properties or constitute a public nuisance or hazard. Standards Analysis Page 11 Deeds & Easements Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 Recorded EnCana Ownership Documents The following documents pertains to EnCana's interest (successors in interest to Tom Brown, Inc.) obtained from Union Oil Company of California on certain lands more particularly described on Exhibit A attached hereto. Please be advised, the Purchase and Sale Agreement or the 60 day notice letter from Union Oil to Chevron are not included due to the terms of our Confidentiality Agreement. Schedules 1 -Al through A-147 are not included because they are not relevant to the lands described in the Limited Impact Review application. This narrative will summarize the key parts of the Agreement as it pertains to the lands described an Exhibit A. Special Warranty Deed and Quit Claim Deed not including Reservoir Parcel Under the terms of the "Purchase and. Sale Agreement" dated June 30, 2004 by and between Tom Brown and Union Oil, Union Oil granted unto Torn Brown Fee title to the parcels of real property described in Schedules 1 -Al through 1-A47, subject to the reservations and restrictions set forth on the Special Warranty Deed and any other surface interest owned by Union Oil further described on the form of a Quit Claim Deed but not including the Reservoir Land as depicted on Exhihit A (please see the map which shows the !ands in question). Chevron Shale had first right of refusal to acquire the surface and water rights only front Union Oil as described in that certain Deed and Agreement effective November 9, 1995 between Union and Chevron on the lands listed on Exhibit A. Promptly following the execution of said Purchase and Sale Agreement, Union 011 gave Chevron Shale 60 days written notice to indicate their election to purchase said lands. If Chevron failed to respond or acquire these lands within 60 days receipt of this notice. it was agreed that Union would sell those lands on Exhibit A to Tom Brown, Inc. in accordance with the terms of the Purchase and Sale Agreement. The letter was dated and delivered in accordance with the terms of that certain Deed and Agreement effective November 9, 1995 to Chevron Shale on July 1, 2004. Under the terms of the Quit Claim Deed dated June 1I, 2004, it specifically states `:except the fee interest to the surface rights to that parcel of real property, the legal description of which is attached as Exhihit A (the "Chevron Reservoir Right of First Refusal Parcel") and except water storage rights related to such parcel." 1t further states in the next paragraph that "Grantor and Grantee agree and intend that this instrument shall convey to Grantee all of Grantor's interest in and to oil. gas and other minerals in and under the lands described above (including those under the land described on the attached Exhibit A". Therefore, the minerals were conveyed but the surface and water rights were not as to the lands on Exhibit A. This was still pending Chevron's election to purchase said lands, which never occurred. Assignment and Assumption Agreement (Reservoir Parcel 11) On September 21, 2004, Union Oil executed the -Assignment and Assumption Agreement (Reservoir Parcel 1 i )" and assigned to Tom Brown all right, title and interest to the parcel of lands described in Exhibit A. Please note that Exhibit A now describes these lands as the "Reservoir Parcel", not "Chevron Reservoir Right of First Refusal Parcel and Water Rights"' as they originaIIy were on the Quit Claim and Special Warranty Deed. Special Warranty Deed including Reservoir Parcel A Special Warranty Deed was also executed and assigned to Tom Brown on September 24, 2004 to include those lands described in Exhibit A. Therefore, Tom Brown was originally assigned the mineral rights but later assigned the surface and water rights in accordance with the terms of Chevron's First Right of Refusal. IS11 1!111111111 111 1111 1111111 111 11111111111111! 655347 07/02/2004 02;58P B1602 P305 M ALSDORF 50 of 86 R 496.0.0 D 2644.50 GARFIELD COUNTY CO A portion of the Mary Ann No. 39 Placer Mining Claim. A portion of the Mary Ann No. 40 Placer Mining CIaim, situated in Garfield County, Colorado. described as follows: Sixth Principal Meridian, Colorado. T. 4 S., R. 95 W. Sec. 19, lots 1 through 4, inclusive, E''/ . and EY2WYh; Sec. 20, lots 1 through 4, inclusive, W'/2, and SE'/o; Sec. 28, lots 1 through 3. inclusive, SW /s, SE'/.,, SFW/,SNE'/., SE'/.NE'/; and NE1/4NE'/4; Sec. 29, all; Sec. 30, lois 1 through 4, inclusive, E/2, and E'/4WVz; Sec. 31, lots 3 through 6, inclusive, E. and EAAW'/�.; Sec. 32, all; Sec. 33, all; T. 4 S., R. 96 W., Sec. 22. lots I through 6, inclusive, NW'/4, and S'l2SV2; Sec. 23, lots 1. 2, and lots 4 through 8, inclusive, NE'/4, S'/2S W'h, and S W'/4SE'/a; Sec. 24, lots 1 through 4, inclusive, S'/2NY2, and SY2; Sec. 25, all; Sec. 26, all; Sec, 27, all; Sec. 28, E'4 Sec. 33, SE'/.; E'Y2NE°; Sir'/4NE% Sec. 34, lots 1 through 4, inclusive, NVQ, and N%S1/2; Sec. 35, lots I through 4, inclusive, NY2, and N'/�S'/2; Sec. 36, lots 1 through 6, inclusive, S'/'4N'/2, and N%SW'/... RECORDED CERTIFICATE Or GOOD STA NDING ■11 WNW WOOL I 561iNt MEI Itecept 7 "r121113 13 12118 t2OOB os 14.OD PM Jaen RI iber 1 C 1 or 6 Rae Far 631 Oa Doc Faa 0 CC CO* 1€LD CQUf+ ::O OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE OF THE STATE OF COLORADO CERTIFICATE 1, Mike Coffman, as the Secretary of State of the State of Colorado, hereby icttily that, according to the records of this office, ENCAIYA OIL & CAS (USA) INC. is an entity formed or registered under the law of Delaware has complied with all applicable requirements of this office, and is in good standing with this office. This entity has been assigned entity identification number 20001081983. This certificate reflects facts established or disclosed by documents delivered to this office on paper thmush 1 1/0/2008 that have been posted, and by document% dcliverest to this orncr eircdrmically through 11/11/2008 (co 10:18:03. 1 have affixed hereto the Great Scat of the State of Colorado and duly generated, executed, authenticated, issued, delivered and communicated this official certificate at Denver, Colorado on 11/11/2008 {r, 10:18:03 pursuant to and in accordance with applicable law. This certificate is assigned Confirmation Number 7223924. 141.‘(/,. Secretary of State of the State of Colorado End ofCertific.uc Naga: at, [ithIIitzs:tardetkv Ica JSpradlib'Csm1tta-4tr.?+EDIY_f_ taS.Lt/Ftillar !frInratgatigtlistentifftrjftr. However. us rot npOow. fl *' rugsurcv and validity re a crrriP3cufr u6rair,ed elerrrnh+r.alty win he erwblithed by vssaltigriff reriffraee CYa4trAnrrrioe Page of rhe S ercktry of Sfate'T 10Y4 .rrrr. cm:trirg tint cerlMitroa i eseitiswtMMrt mother displeyrd OR JO• comjirr ft, n+u.i fatfx+r.ng Alar .nsumcrto r e rbsptray.d, 1._t1titt411 11(Jhr.ledr/4RCt � • Ven N p eraerul mrd u nnr ancisuotatrimasiitiontffironcarvancsofnrtrt1jratt For more lnlermarron.v97mmOWWeb Jae. a1Mr.Irani raahfetrrr'rll'ck&nisfrn Costa and seises 'Frere rxNy Acted Outman? r74fr ra f'Ar...I0s 76.4+674 Irl RECORDEP DEL.%%% ARE MERGER DOCt',1tEN`r IhNtiltiVAIVAITAtiiilid BPI R.cspi,anN: 700313 12i1ReJ006 03. 14.00 p1' Saar plberice 7 nP 6 ;lee '•• 131 00 Occ Fee 000 GARFIEaCI C41JP Y -:0 De&wcrre PAGE l The First State I ; HARRIET SMITH WINDSOR, SECRETARY OP STATE of TIIE STAT oF DE7.AWARE, DO fERERY CERTIFY THE ATTACHED ES A I'R[JE AND CORRECT COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF MERIT, WHICH MERGES: "TBI PIPELINE COMPANY", A DELAWARE CORPORATION, "FBI WEST VIRGINIA, INC " A DEL WARE CORPORATION, "TOM BROWN, INC_", A DELAWARE CORPORATION, WITH AND INTO "ENCANA OIL 6 CAS (USA) LNC." UNDER THE NAME Of"ENCANA OIL & GAS (USA) INC. ", A CORPORATION ORGANIZED AND EXISTING UNDER TME LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE, .AS RECEIVED AND FILED IN THIS OFFICE THE TWENTY-SECOND DAY OF DECEMBER, A.D_ 2004, AT 6:15 O'CLOCK F.M. AND I DO HEREBY FURTHER CERTIFY THAT THE EFFECTIVE DATE OF THE AFORESAID CERTIFICATE )k MEWiER IS FRE FIRST DAY OF JANUARY, A. D 2005 A FILED COPY OF THIS: CERTIFICATE HAS BEEN FORWARDED TO TEE NEW CASTLE COUNTY RECORDER OF DEEDS 2137095 91004£ 040934710 Harrier Srtdr' Windsor. Secretary of Siam AUTHENTICATION: 3584585 DATE: 12-29-04 Stacopk a. oral • 7E473 1.2 12i 16.!2()38 03 14 00 Pin Jeani},1ber Ica 3 O' 6 Nee h11e S31. C0 Dcc rea 0 lit r.eor it io retire* La) DEC -22-2004 WED A:12 ''ti FAN NO 3038322366 P. 03 State o2 Dela.w: e Secretary of State Lr -deice or Corpac-alarm l Jiverad 06:15 Re 12/22/2004 FSAVM093i7 0 - 2JJ1278393ruE STATE OF DELAWARE CERTIFICATE OF MERGER OF DOMF.ST!C CORPORATIONS Pursitattt to Title ti, Seaton 251(c of Thee Delaware General Corporation Law, the undersigned corporation executed the following Certificate of kiergcr: FIRST: The name of the surviving Corporation is EnCelut Oil & Gas (USA) Inc.. and the mores end jurisdlcrions of the corporations being merged into this surviving corporation are a4 follows' Naar 7LV,1g5dLCUon it( Incorporation Torn Brown. btit Delaware corporation TBI Pipcl:ne Company Delaware corporation TB! West Virginia, lniC Delaware corporation SECOND; The Agreement and Alan of Merger has been approved, adopted, r.ertificd. executed and acknowledged by tee`i ofthc cunstiiucnt corporation:. TAIRU: Tile rtarne of the surviving corporation is EnCana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc , a Delaware corporation FOURTH: llie Ccrkifcate cif incorporation of the surviving corporation shell be its Certificate of hzvurpvrDtion. nor : The merger i5 to become effective on January 1, 2005. SIXTH: The Agreement acrd Piaci of Merger is on file at 95C 171' Street, Suite 2600, Denver, Colorado 80202, the place of buaincws of the surviving corporation SEVENTH: A copy of the AFreerncnt and Plan of Merger will be furnished by the surviving cor suraadon on request, without cast, W idly stockholder of the constituent corporations. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, said surviving corporation has causal tLis certificate to be signed by an authorised of5car, the 1:70 clay of December. A , 2004. ENCANA OIL &. GASS (USA) INC. M - . A. 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Wt.* t rw d.m.l Dial tinter, PDS form. arra any adored unmtelmare, are Oat ,Wielded ht pmrriu togas, bwuma4S. or ti -r. ate NEC. arta c. Pi1rred ns n p.rblic strrmr. wrmhn:N rrprrsentatton or wvranry Wh.lc this term rs laclrc+ el to gar .fY mtnrtrrwtt i« =.•r•y rr ra fill ADAli MOM 111 Rrsept,iona r 7313 17xr812OL'8 03 14 00 PH Jean oiner no F .f 8 ROC Few -f31 OD ace Fe• n H0 CARFILO CQ'W7" CO kVA StOULUCOR11.1 as of Ill tell\! dais, c,c p1Sacce ivdh applicable SSW. u the W:nc, .vy Ls arnv alcu :rum line In tine, /imams 1b4lliarilliirllllY or tic ural or1413 (OD] . 03.60.13 shoed be :ddlcued ?e file urcr'c arkornCy. In. N!Vaal 3•f5 i Vicinity Map Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 RIO BLANCO COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY T4S R95W T4S R96W T4S R94W. ENCANA OIL & GAS (USA) INC PARCEL NO. 191727400012 T5S R94W GUARD SHACK (10.6 MILES TO PARACHUTE) CR 215 ENDS & BEGIN PRIVATE ROAD Legend J25 CDP Site Existing Well Pad Existing Road SUUnirIN SURVEYING EVANSTON, WYOMING Wasatch Surveying Associates 906 Main Street Evanston, Wyoming 82930 Phone No. (307) 789-4545 Fax (307) 789-5722 2 Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J25 496 CDP Site Vicinity Map SECTION 25, T4S, R96W, 6th, P.M. GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO VICINITY MAP PROJECT No. 12-04-60 DATE: 12/4/2012 SCALE: 1:100,000 1 of 1 Site Plan Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 REFERENCES USGS QUADRANGLES: CUTOFF GULCH & MCCARTHY GULCH, CO. 30' 0' 30' SCALE: 1" = 30' CONTOUR INTERVAL = 2' \ \ t'+4 t \ \ '+,4 . \ \ \ \ \ \\ `-\\�--8190 // CERTIFICATE OF SURVEYOR I, TED T. TAGGART OF FRUITA, COLORADO HEREBY CERTIFY THAT THIS MAP WAS MADE FROM NOTES TAKEN DURING AN ACTUAL SURVEY MADE BY ME OR UNDER MY DIRECTION FOR HUNTER RIDGE ENERGY SERVICES, LLC AND THAT THE RESULTS OF WHICH ARE CORRECTLY SHOWN HEREON. ..� •—.4 . _�/ / /�� „„- r i -8180' / �� ~' J ��� \ 1 1 • i y • 4/01 04 / A i e < c �...-------• -- 7 Z + �— --$/ LA — — fri• .i / N� n-•Jj—'' 'J / ! f „--;.•,mow+ i TO - s iv- ' / / / i - / - - i i — • _ — ..,s• / / -/ �� :y/i/ / / __ ....^ 1 7 � r / a / - ✓ ,/-_ 1 r / / \ t `-----��--„yesoi` ® "r ` 4114* ... - - - ,.,.s 6210— ,w,..,� ,.,.�• \ �. 827 — — Ati -8216_ �9• x • x `` FE4CE UNE (TYPICAL x {AIR) TYP FIRE - ETR. - 7 f FIRE Ext HHHHH r -ii -:H as CABLE TRAY 1 ✓' / 1✓/ ( / Jz 72 o Hr+ CAN i //SO r� EL GAS -`'--HEATER PUMP co � ( L.P.x'` 0.7 Na IO rc / tY a CABLE TRAY L.P. -FlRE / / BARRIER (TYP) '-ELEC. LOAD BANK 71 BARRICADE (TYP) -ELEC. LOAD BANK 72 7 6? / ' -- /— = - i r / / / / / r __ _ ------- , // / / / / •,,, l 11 // tiQ,/ / //. ii � \�/ / / tr/ /I �>s / / / • ,/ / / se,% / t �. �7„ill,' J1 .7 COMPACTED ROAD BASE SEDIMENT POND^ l \\ • —8206 \ s \,' .7- / e .�% 208 —� /� CATHODIC �p PROTECTION 0 T EXISTING BUILDING HEIGHTS (NOT TO SCALE) 1 BUILDING #1 BUILDING #2 cNi BUILDING #3 GEN. BLDG #2 GEN. BLDG #1 INFORMATION TABLE TOTAL SITE AREA: 1.482 ACRES ZONING: RESOURCE LANDS— PLATEAU FLOOD ZONE DESIGNATION: UNDETERMINED BY FEMA TOTAL AREA OF EXISTING BUILDINGS NO PROPOSED BUILDINGS WASTE WATER SYSTEM: NONE CULINARY WATER SUPPLY: POTABLE WATER FOR ON—SITE PERSONNEL USE (PERSONAL SANITARY PURPOSES) HAULED IN BY 3RD PARTY VENDOR GENERAL NOTES THE SITE SURFACE IS GRADED NATIVE SOIL OR GRAVEL. NO RECORDED EASEMENTS WERE FOUND 7— / 7— J I J i / 7 7 / /e � cJ / // / •/ �i �/ /, /// // % // '/ 7 // / / /� / �— / X89 / 7 / N. / / ° s ` / / 3 / / / a) _/ / / z et fie\ \ / 1 / // // \ / / / / \ \ \ / i i -ti/ 7 li i / / / / / \<ta N 4 ( ( /' / # // // COMPACTED ROAD BASE Q 1 { / J *` // ir / / / / i ) 1i f / . ' / / �} //ryl / / �/ /- 1 d� 1 / // / ! /' �/ /. +y/ // �$�4 I 1 / / /// / :/ / /� /tJ4> '� / // /f��''4/�'// i / / / // / / l J i / / f / PROJiCT SITE BOUNDARY f / / / / / 1 1 / / // / / r /72 ,// , /// // �// ;+1 / / r / / 71////://////////: / / / / / // //// // ////// // / / / /'` /////// ! /� / / .... / r / / / / / / 7/�l / X�. / / / /// / / / / •.,/ / I z,"/ �� // / / ////// `/� / '.+, / / ../ / '' / ' / ' / // c(7 +e/ '' / // 4 / 4��,�j / ////// %/ : / N1 e+'s,, r' // +�+ � /� / / / /// / / / / i'G� / ''e4, / ryry / / / / / } / Fid. / �� / / ; 144,1 , C'�. i� / /// / / / / / t +, 1 / 1+ / / '° / //7/ / /ry,,o/ / // ///i' • // ++++h / A/A� / / ++++> 17 ev //// /// °slop,/ ;/.' / % °s, c' P / / / / °pP i'F,, / / //1,9 . R� I; / Point of Beginnin 0 CV / co 1 cm IsN ksi SOUTH 1/4 CORNER SECTION 25 1953 BLIO BRASS CAP cp 588°03105'1W, 2663.98' (BASIS OF BEARING) PROJECT LOCATION DESCRIPTION A TRACT OF LAND LOCATED IN THE N W1/4 SE1/4 OF SECTION 25, T4S, R96W, 6th P.M., GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SAID TRACT BEING MORE PARTICULARLY DESCRIBED AS FOLLOWS: COMMENCING AT THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF SAID SECTION 25 AND RUNNING THENCE THENCE THENCE THENCE THENCE THENCE THENCE THENCE THENCE THENCE THENCE THENCE THENCE THENCE THENCE THENCE THENCE S88.03'05"W, 2059.59 FEET ALONG THE SOUTH LINE THEREOF; NO -1'56'55"W, 1990.70 FEET TO THE POINT OF BEGINNING; N32.27'30"W, 39.32 FEET; N43.32151"W, 61.11 FEET; N80.21154"W, 42.64 FEET; N49.35126"W, 5a 33 FEET; N21.20.33"W, 84.11 FEET; N5018'3911E, 45.62 FEET; 551'53112"E, 52.61 FEET; N6529'37"E, 115.68 FEET; N89'0913211E, 162.64 FEET; S52.4 -1110"E, 26.24 FEET; S26'06'51'1E, 29.27 FEET; SOT38'18"E, 25.59 FEET; S28.04'11"W, 223.26 FEET; S50.57.20"W, 46.89 FEET TO THE POINT OF BEGINNING. SAID TRACT CONTAINING 1.482 ACRES, MORE OR LESS. THE BASIS OF BEARING FOR THIS SURVEY IS 388'03'05"W, 2663.98 FEET BETWEEN FOUND MONUMENTS AT THE SOUTHEAST CORNER AND THE SOUTH ONE-QUARTER CORNER OF SECTION SOUTHEAST CORNER SECT/ON 25 1953 BLM BRASS CAP Ys • LINE TABLE LINE DIRECTION LENGTH L1 N 32'27'30"W 39.32 L2 N43"32151"W 61.11 L3 N51'00'48"W 77.01 L4 N80'211 54"W 42.64 L5 N49•35'26”W 55.33 L6 N2120'331'W 84.11 L7 N50 -18139"E 45.62 L8 S51'53'12"E 52.61 L9 N6579'37"E 115.68 L10 N89•09'32”E 162.64 L11 S52'41'10”E 26.24 L12 326'06'51"E 29.27 L13 SOZ38'18NE 25.59 L14 S28•04111”W 223.26 L15 S50'57'20” W 46.89 Source Map: U.S.G.S. Quadrangles Cutoff Gulch & McCarthy Gulch, Colorado / tas / ty 14, R BLANCO COUNTY )9( GARFIELD COUNTY T4S R96W :25 CD P LOCATION ENCANA OIL & GAS (USA) INC PARCEL NO. 191727400012 GUARD SHACK (10.6 MILES TO PARACHUTE) CR 215 ENDS & BEGIN PRIVATE ROAD TSS R97W MAP LEGEND • = SITE BOUNDARY CORNER = EXISTING PIPELINE = EXISTING WATERLINE - = EXISTING SURFACE PIPELINE L.i = EDGE OF EXISTING DISTURBANCE = SITE BOUNDARY UNE = LIGHT POLE 0 1 2 3 Issued for Preliminary Review Isgt Revisions per Review Isgt Revise Owner Name sgt Add Future Buildings #4 de #5 sgt BY 11 28 12 12 03 12 12 05 12 DATE PREPARED FOR: Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC PREPARED BY: 10 SURVEYI NG ATM Wasatch Surveying Associas 906 Main Street Evanston, Wyoming 82930 Phone No. (307) 7894545 TITLE: J25 CDP Site Existing Site Plan Located in NW1/4 SE1/4 of Section 25 Garfield County, Colorado DATE: 2/22/13 SCALE: PROJECT NO.: 12-04-60 DRAWING NAME: Site Plan SHEET NO.: 2 of 2 Erosion and Sediment Control Plan Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 O'\OLSSON ASSOCIATES March 5, 2013 Chris Putnam Encana Oil and Gas (USA) Inc 143 Diamond Avenue Parachute, CO 81635 Re: Garfield County Erosion and Sediment Control Plan Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP Site Dear Mr. Putnam: Olsson Associates (Olsson) has conducted a review of the existing conditions for the preparation of the Erosion and Sediment Control Plan. The site was previously designed and constructed per Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission (COGCC) standards. The use of the site is currently a Centralized Distribution Point, which will not change. A review of the existing conditions for erosion and sediment control appear to be consistent with similar sites. Best Management Practices (BMPs) utilized on the site include a sediment pond and established vegetation. Additional BMPs are not necessary for the site. This can be seen on the attached exhibit. It is anticipated that the existing drainage patterns will be maintained. The site is nearby a perennial drainage. Additional grading is not anticipated with the project, Erosion and Sediment Control Plan a. Site Map: The proposed site will not differ from the existing site. The existing site features are identified within the attached exhibit. b. Drainage Structures: Additional design is not anticipated since the proposed and existing site will not differ. Additional disturbance is not anticipated. c. Topography: The attached exhibit illustrates the existing topography of the site. Additional grading is not anticipated. d. Grading Plan: The existing topography is anticipated to remain undisturbed, e. Soil Stockpile and Snow Storage Areas: Soil stockpiles and snow storage is not anticipated to differ from the existing use. f. Drainage Plan: The existing drainage patterns are not anticipated to be modified. g. Equipment Storage Areas: Equipment storage is not anticipated to differ from the existing use. h. Temporary Roads: Temporary roads are not anticipated with the development. The existing infrastructure is expected to serve the site, 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 TEL 970.263.7800 Grand Junction, CO 81506 FAX 970.263.7456 www oaconsulting.com i. Areas of Steep Slope: The existing side slopes surrounding the site are steeper than 20% and are expected to remain undisturbed. j, Construction Schedule: A construction schedule is not anticipated since the site currently exists. k. Permanent Stabilization: The site currently utilizes a sediment pond for any disturbances on site. The vegetation surrounding the site is well established and is not anticipated to be disturbed. 1 Erosion Control Measures: Erosion control measures are not expected since the site and surrounding area are stabilized. m. Estimated Cost: No construction costs are anticipated since this is an existing site. n. Calculations: Drainage design is not included since there are no anticipated changes to drainage patterns. o. Description of Neighboring Areas: The site is surrounded by oil and gas activity. p. Description of Stormwater Management Plan Concept: The previously prepared stormwater management plan shall be followed. However, no additional disturbance is anticipated. q. Hydrologic and Hydraulic Calculations: Drainage design is not included since there are no anticipated changes to the site. r. Maintenance Requirements: The site shall be inspected and maintained in accordance with the previously prepared stormwater management plan. s. Copy of Stormwater Management Plan application: Not applicable. t. Additional Information: None. u. Signature Block: See below. Additional construction is not anticipated, therefore, the previously stabilized areas are not anticipated to be disturbed. If you should have any questions regarding the site observations or the documents provided please let me know. Sincerely, (A) 2'7-7,7"-, Wyatt E. Popp, PE Olsson Associates Senior Project Engineer /60 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 TEL 970,263,7800 Grand Junction, CO 81506 FAX 970.263.7456 www.oaconsuiting.com DJ w 2< x �>0 Q oo CAllt TEST 1ESTp / /EXISTING IMPROVED ROAD 8190 8200 5274 i VI--*;.----_-------- /._ /--- ------ '--------------22°-----__----- _----- 5/-- z 2/ JB; 2- Aliss BOUNDAR e // \/-CABLE TRAY ro`� LP. HHEE.AA1ER PUMLPq \ J .7 `�� CL��BARRIER (TYP) SITE LOW POINT, MAINTAIN SITE DRAINAGE TO SITE LOW POINT ��BARRICADE (TYP) �ELEC. LOAD BANK /2 COMPACTED ROAD \\ \19.03 V A� 1 \\AV\ \ I SEDIMENT POND 8206-/ 20 EXISTING SEDIMENT POND TO BE MAINTAINED ginning I 1,3 in NI LO 0l 0— z • / / / 4/4 / N 1 1" = 60' 30' 60' SCALE IN FEET 120 NOTES: 1. BMPs SHOWN ARE APPROXIMATE AND SHALL BE ADJUSTED APPROPRIATELY TO FIELD CONDITIONS. 2. REFER TO STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR INFORMATION RELATED TO BMP DETAILS. 3. SITE DISTURBANCES SHALL BE STABILIZED WITH ROCK OR SEED PER THE STORM WATER AMANGEMENT PLAN. 4. BACKGROUND INFORMATION PROVIDED BY: WASATCH SURVEYING, DATED 12/5/12. — EXISTING VEGETATED SLOPE TO BE PROTECTED LINE TABLE LINE DIRECTION LENGTH L1 N32'27'30"W 39.32 L2 N43'32'51"W 61.11 L3 N51'00'48"W 77.01 L4 N80'21'54"W 42.64 L5 N49'35'26"W 55.33 L6 N21'20'33"W 84.11 L7 N50'18'39"E 45.62 L8 S51'53'12"E 52.61 L9 N6529'37"E 115.68 L10 N89'09'32"E 162.64 L11 S52'41'10"E 26.24 L12 526'06'51"E 29.27 L13 S02'38'18"E 25.59 L14 S28'04'11 "W 223.26 L15 550'57'20"W 46.89 z 0 J 0 TEL 970.263.7800 cE o o N (p 0)� X Q 0 LL 5°, 5) N co 0 OO o Lf) c. cn aio 0 0 cU 0 c N O 0 p NOTE THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN RELEASED BY OLSSON ASSOCIATES ONLY FOR REVIEW BY REGULATORY AGENCIES AND OTHER PROFESSIONALS, AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE. THIS DOCUMENT IS NOT TO BE USED FOR CONSTRUCTION, OLSSON ASSOCIATES ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR EXISTING UTILITY LOCATIONS (HORIZONTAL OR VERTICAL). THE EXISTING UTILITIES SHOWN ON THIS DRAWING HAVE BEEN PLOTTED FROM THE BEST AVAILABLE INFORMATION. IT IS HOWEVER THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE CONTRACTOR TO FIELD VERIFY THE LOCATION OF ALL UTILITIES PRIOR TO THE COMMENCEMENT OF ANY CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES. CALL 811 SEVENTY-TWO HOURS PRIOR TO DIGGING, GRADING OR EXCAVATING FOR THE MARKING OF UNDERGROUND MEMBER UTILITIES EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL EXHIBIT HUNTER RIDGE ENERGY SERVICES LLC J25 CDP SITE M O N GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO drawn by: checked by: approved by: project no.: dwg name: date: SDS WEP WEP 012-2594 122504_ERC01 03.05.2013 FIGURE 1 OF 1 Basic Traffic Analysis Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 BASIC TRAFFIC ANALYSIS HUNTER RIDGE ENERGY SERVICES LLC J25 CDP FACILITY GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO O'OLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 December 2012 826 21 1/2 Road 1 Grand Junction, CO 81505 1 970.263.7800 1 Fax 970.263. INTRODUCTION & OBJECTIVE This Basic Traffic Analysis summarizes findings of a traffic impact analysis performed for Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC's J25 — CDP facility. The site is located approximately 22 travel miles north of the Exit 75 of Highway 1-70 at Parachute, Colorado.. The facility is located approximately 11 travel miles beyond the Encana Guard Shack which is located near the north end of County Road (CR) 215. The subject site encompasses approximately 1.482 acres on a 15,800 acre parcel and is located at an elevation of 8,220 feet. The property is owned by and the facility is operated by Encana personnel for Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC. Only Encana personnel and authorized contractors will access the facility. The facility is currently constructed. It is expected that the lifespan of the site will be approximately 30 years. The objective of this analysis is to review the existing road network, provide traffic projections for the facility, determine trip distribution, and analysis the need for roadway modifications. EXISTING ROAD NETWORK This facility will be accessed from the north end of CR 215 via a series of private roadways that begin near the Encana Guard Shack. According to the Garfield County Road Inventory Report, CR 215 is classified as Local road and is categorized as Rural Highway (R -B) according to the State of Colorado State Highway Access Category Assignment Schedule. CR 215 is a two lane asphalt roadway with gravel shoulders. According to the 2011 HUTF Report the roadway is in good condition. The road has a posted speed limit of 30 mph. During April of 2007, Garfield County Road & Bridge conducted a traffic study for CR 215. The study concluded that the average trips per day at that time was 4,258 vehicles; 73.8% of the vehicles were Class 3 and above (Heavy Vehicles) and 26.2% were Class 2 and below (Light Vehicles). A series of private roads beyond CR 215 provides final access to the site. This private road system crosses property owned by the Exxon Mobile Corporation and Encana. The Exxon Mobile Corporation has granted Encana the right to use this road across their property to access Encana's facilities. These roads were designed and maintained by the natural gas industry for their exclusive use and is not designed for public access. The roadway is constructed of gravel and native materials, and treated with a dust palliative as needed. The road is 20 to 30 feet wide, and contains a series switch -backs and pull-outs. This roadway provides adequate and suitable private access to the J25 -CDP facility and natural gas operations in the general area. TRAFFIC PROJECTIONS Given the lack of data regarding traffic growth for this area, a conservative growth rate of 3% was assumed. This rate was applied to the existing counts to obtain background traffic for the forecast years of 2013 and 2043, respectively. These planning horizon years were chosen as they correspond with the expected life of the facility. This results in an expected ADT of 5,236 vehicles per day (vpd) in 2013 and 12,710 vpd in 2043. TRIP GENERATION/DISTRIBUTION Trip generation is generally determined using rates found in the ITE Trip Generation manual. Rates from this publication are applied to values related to the size of the proposed site to estimate the trips expected to enter and exit the site. In this case, no rates are provided for facilities similar to these. To estimate trips expected for this site, information was gathered regarding the expected traffic based on the existing operations. The following table summarizes the expected average and maximum trips for the operational life of the facility. Table 1: Trip Generation — CDP Facility Phase Average Trips/Day Maximum Trips/Day Percent Trucks Total Trips/Phase Phase Duration Operation 3 3 0 % 32,850 30 years Based on the County's traffic study, Encana's J25 CDP facility related traffic will have a 0.057% increase on daily traffic activity during operations of the facility in 2013 and will have a 0.024% increase on daily traffic activity during 2043. The following table summarizes the expected percentage of trips this facility will generate on CR 215. Table 2: Trip Distribution — CDP Facility Year Estimated CR 215 VPD CDP Generated Trips/Day CDP Generated Trips/Day Percent of Total 2013 5,236 3 0.057% 2043 12,710 3 0.024% Note that the estimated lifespan of the site is expected to be approximately 30 years. CONSTRUCTION PHASE This site is currently built and is an existing facility. No construction traffic will be generated by this project. EXISTING PARCELS Current land use on the larger subject parcel is primarily natural gas development. The majority of existing traffic on CR 215 is related to natural gas development activities, limited agricultural activities and very low density rural residential uses. The private access road to the site exists and is permitted by Garfield County. No access to state highways or railroad crossings exists on the private road system. STATE HIGHWAYS AND RAILROAD CROSSINGS CR 215 is accessed by the State of Colorado highway system at either 1-70 at the Exit 75 interchange or by US 6 (1-70 Frontage Road) in Parachute, Colorado. The 1-70 interchange access point is controlled by signal lights. This interchange was significantly impacted by the traffic generated by the natural gas industry in the past. Much of the this impact has been mitigated by the reduction in industry activities due to natural gas market factors, aggressive water management by operators in the area that has reduced water hauling and the recent construction of a new interchange approximately two (2) miles west of the Exit 75 interchange which allows some traffic to by-pass this interchange. The US6/I-70 Frontage Road access is controlled by signage. Additional roadway improvements or modifications are not warranted at these locations given the minor volumes the subject facility will generate, the existing traffic control measures and the present traffic conditions. CR 215 crosses an at -grade local railroad spur line approximately 1.5 miles north of the I-70/CR 215 interchange. This spur line is generally used for the delivery of gas industry supplies and the removal of bulk materials. Rail traffic at this crossing generally runs at a relatively low speed and at an irregular schedule. This railroad crossing is controlled by a warning signal. Additional improvements are not warranted at this location. Access to the series of private roads that lead to the facility is controlled at the Encana Guard Shack. This control point is designed to limit non -industry and non-essential traffic from this roadway. Additional traffic control modifications or roadway improvements are not needed at this location. RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the expected trip generation rates discussed above, the increase in average daily traffic is not expected to be significant. The worst-case scenario during operation of the facility is that there would be a minimal increase in light truck traffic. Based on the results of the analysis, no mitigation is recommended for the facility. As mentioned in the Auxiliary Lane Analysis, the addition of traffic by the site does not increase existing volumes to levels required for auxiliary lanes or other roadway modifications. Waiver Requests Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 O‘OLSSON ASSOCIATES Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC J25 CDP Limited Impact Review Waiver Requests Pursuant to Section 4-202 of the Garfield County Unified Land Use Resolution, Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC requests waivers for the submittal requirements of a Landscape Plan and a Water Supply Plan for the J25 CDP Limited Impact Review. Section 4-203.F. Landscape Plan and Section 7-305 Landscaping Standard A waiver request shall be considered based on the following criteria: 1. The Applicant shows good cause for the requested waiver; Response: The site is located in a rural area of Garfield County in the interior portions of a large parcel owned by Encana Oil and Gas (USA). Access is via a private road of approximately 10.5 miles length coming off of County Road 215. The CDP is an existing facility and no new disturbance is proposed. Vegetation surrounding the project area will not be affected. The facility is not visible from adjacent properties or a County right-of- way due to the surrounding topography. 2. The project size, complexity, anticipated impacts, or other factors support a waiver; Response: The CDP is an existing facility located in an area zoned RL — Resource Lands. It is not visible from adjacent properties or a County ROW. Adjacent activities are related to natural gas development. No further vegetative or visual impacts are anticipated. Natural landscaping and topography predominates the area. These factors support a waiver. 3. The waiver does not compromise a proper and complete review; and Response: A proper and complete review of the facility would not be compromised by the absence of a landscape plan. 4. The information is not material to describing the proposal or demonstrating compliance with approval criteria. Response: A landscape plan is not material to describing the purpose, operation and maintenance of the facility or demonstrating compliance with applicable approval criteria. 826 21'/2 Road TEL 970.263.7800 Grand Junction, CO 81505 FAX 970.263.7456 www.olssonassociates.com Section 4-203.M. Water Supply Plan A waiver request shall be considered based on the following criteria: 1. The Applicant shows good cause for the requested waiver; Response: The purpose of the facility is to separate natural gas and produced water transported through the Liberty Pipeline System. The 3 -Phase line enters into a vessel at the CDP site where the Natural Gas, Condensate and Water are separated. From this vessel the Natural Gas flows through a meter run and down Encana's Dry Gas pipeline. The condensate flows through a LACI system and is pumped into their Liquids line. The water then enters Encana's water skid and is pumped either to the J25 Frac Pad or into their Liquids line. The proposed natural gas and produced water/condensate trunk pipelines leaving the CDP connect into existing Encana pipeline systems for delivery of the natural gas and produced water to the existing Middle Fork Compressor Station and the Middle Fork Water Storage Recycling Facility located in Section 30, Township 5 South, Range 96 West. A water supply system is not needed to support these functions. 2. The project size, complexity, anticipated impacts, or other factors support a waiver; Response: No activities are taking place at this established facility that require potable water delivered through a water supply system. All water on-site is from a non -tributary source. 3. The waiver does not compromise a proper and complete review; and Response: A proper and complete review of the facility would not be compromised by the absence of a water supply plan. 4. The information is not material to describing the proposal or demonstrating compliance with approval criteria. Response: A water supply plan is not material to describing the purpose, operation and maintenance of the facility or demonstrating compliance with applicable approval criteria. Waiver Requests Page 2 Encana J25CDP Facility Adjacent Property Owners Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP OkOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 Adjacent Landowners and Mineral Rights Owners Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. J25 CDP December 27, 2012 Garfield County Parcels Parcel Number: 191520100952 No information available on Garfield County Assessor's site Parcel Number: 191523200001 Piceance Creek Ranch, Ltd 11539 County Rd 5 Rifle, CO 81650 Parcel Number: 191529400002 Reuben G & Stephanie D Oldland 14667 County Rd 5 Rifle, CO 81650 Parcel Number: 191536400004 Exxon Mobil Corporation c/o Exxon Co USA PO Box 53 Houston, TX 77001-0053 Parcel Number: 191721400011 Piceance Creek Ranch, Ltd 11539 County Rd 5 Rifle, CO 81650 Parcel Number: 191727400012 Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc c/o KE Andrews & Company 3615 S Huron St, Ste 200 Englewood, CO 80110 Parcel Number: 191736400955 Colorado River Valley Field Office Bureau of Land Management 2300 River Frontage Rd Silt, CO 81652 Parcel Number: 191932300023 Aaron C Woodward 19294 Hwy 13 Rifle, CO 81650 Parcel Number: 213302400951 Colorado River Valley Field Office Bureau of Land Management 2300 River Frontage Rd Silt, CO 81652 Parcel Number: 213303200007 John W, Roy E, Marshall T, & Daniel W Savage c/o John W Savage Jr PO Box 1926 Rifle, CO 81650-1926 Parcel Number: 213304100952 Colorado River Valley Field Office Bureau of Land Management 2300 River Frontage Rd Silt, CO 81652 Parcel Number: 213305100008 John W, Roy E, Marshall T, & Daniel W Savage c/o John W Savage Jr PO Box 1926 Rifle, CO 81650-1926 Parcel Number: 213308400006 Exxon Mobil Corporation c/o Exxon Co USA PO Box 53 Houston, TX 77001-0053 Parcel Number: 213501200013 Exxon Mobil Corporation c/o Exxon Co USA PO Box 53 Houston, TX 77001-0053 Parcel Number: 213527300015 Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc c/o KE Andrews & Company 3615 S Huron St, Ste 200 Englewood, CO 80110 Rio Blanco County Parcels Parcel Number: 113536100002 Bureau of Land Management 220 Market St Meeker, CO 81641 Parcel Number: 191507100007 Oil Shale Corporation c/o Conoco Phillips Co Property Tax 4001 Penbrook St Odessa, TX 79762 Parcel Number: 191514200004 Piceance Creek Ranch, Ltd 11539 County Rd 5 Rifle, CO 81650 Mineral Rights Owners Colorado River Valley Field Office Bureau of Land Management 2300 River Frontage Rd Silt, CO 81652 Parcel Number: 191706100004 Oil Shale Corporation c/o Conoco Phillips Co Property Tax 4001 Penbrook St Odessa, TX 79762 Parcel Number: 191714300002 XTO Energy Inc c/o KE Andrews & Company PO Box 870849 Mesquite, TX 75187-0849 113536100002 191507100007 191520100952 191514200004 J25 CDP Location 7 ENCANA OIL & GAS INC 191727400012 .• j 091932360023 191529400002- 213527300015 2-135+01200013 213302400951 Parcels represented with labels are within 200' of affected parcel -44iM4D04,415.54,./ 5E4.4 Legend ❑• J25 CDP Location Local Roads Affected Parcel Parcels 0 0.5 1 2 Miles s PROJECT NO'. 012-2594 DRAWN BY Jenna MUMbacM1 DATE' 12/13/12 HUNTER RIDGE LLC. ADJACENT PARCEL MAP GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO Q OLSSON ® ASSOCIATES 826 21-1/2 ROAD GRAND JUNCTION. CO 81505 TEL 970.263.7800 FAX 970.263.7456 FIGURE AP - 1 RIO BLANCO COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT PARCEL NO. 191520100952 REUBEN G. & STEPHANIE DIANE OLDLAND PARCEL NO. 191529400002 PICEANCE CREEK RANCH, LTD PARCEL NO. 191523200001 ounty Road 401 ENCANA OIL & GAS (USA) INC PARCEL NO. 191727400012 County Road 405 J25 CDP LOCATION ounty Road 4011 ounty Road 406 PICEANCE CREEK RANCH, LTD PARCEL NO. 191721400011 County Road 401 !County Road 408 BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT PARCEL NO. 213304100952 EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION PARCEL NO. 191536400004 JOHN W. JR., ROY E.. MARSHALL T. & DANIEL W. SAVAGE PARCEL NO. 213305100008 County Road 407 STORY GULCH COMPRESSOR ENCANA OIL & GAS (USA) INC PARCEL NO. 213527300015 t oti ,t• F' J J S ♦ •a' ••un.11. C i 3 • County Road 402 e1,. ,44. •. 1' ,:••, •• •,! EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION PARCEL NO. 213308400006 s EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION PARCEL NO. 213501200013 EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION PARCEL NO. 213308400006 G AARON C. WOODARD PARCEL NO. 191932300023 BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT PARCEL NO. 191736400955 AARON C. WOODARD PARCEL NO. 191932300023 BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT PARCEL NO. 213302400951 JOHN W. JR., ROY E.. MARSHALL T. & DANIEL W. SAVAGE PARCEL NO. 213303200007 EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION PARCEL NO. 213308400006 8' 1' F 4 ♦ dry x1111 1f WAWM ,/.•1''• *.I T55, R96WI „�l•a.•.••' •.....Mu. a r...a• .........anrr'"'. END OF COUNTY ROAD 215 BEGIN PRIVATE ROAD `♦.............. • •`''• GUARD SHACK (10.6 MILES TO PARACHUTE) CR 215 ENDS & BEGIN PRIVATE ROAD T5S, R95WI au1,.1......... EXXON MOBIL CORPORATION PARCEL NO. 213308400006 .*'0.0.,,.• BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT! PARCEL NO. 213302400951 J 7` r •11"1/4 ,04 �L • „''••.....,,,„ry, , •t. e 44'” T6S, R96W ,.•14,141.4444Putl..a....a eo of............... "•.1111u •p v • t; t 2•r aI -. •04 ArICounty Road 215 s �t y9� 8 s S �4.••.. I. 04 • i t a *ear” •, +• y.. sI' 0111,4 a Ceti "I los oma••'' a•' •,1 4411...• Legend COUNTY LINE EXISTING ROAD ..""'° DRAINAGES Jr •v - e • e' REVISIONS e 5 • NO DATE DESCRIPTION BY • j ,r PARCEL LOCATION DESCRIPTION PARCEL # 191727400012 LEGAL DESCRIPTION (TAKEN FROM GARFIELD COUNTY GIS WEBSITE) Section: 19 Township: 4 Range: 95 SEC 19, LOTS 1 (40.14 AC), 2 (40.21 AC), 3, (40.29 AC), 4 (40.36 AC), E1/2W1/2, E1/2. Section: 20 Township: 4 Range: 95 LOTS 1(40.51 AC), 2(40.42 AC), 3 (40.44 AC) 4(40.53 AC), W1/2, SE1/4 Section: 21 Township: 4 Range: 95 NE1/4,NENW, W1/2SW, N1/2SE, SESE Section: 22 Township: 4 Range: 95 E2 Section: 23 Township: 4 Range: 95 E2, W2W2, NENW Section: 24 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL Section: 25 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL Section: 26 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL Section: 27 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL Section: 28 Township: 4 Range: 95 LOTS 1(40.44AC), 2(40.37AC), 3 (40.35AC), NENE, S2NE, S2 Section: 29 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL Section: 30 Township: 4 Range: 95 LOTS 1(40.33AC), 2 (40.21AC), 3(40.07AC) 4(39.94AC), E2W2, E2 Section: 31 Township: 4 Range: 95 LOTS 3(40.10AC), 4(39.82AC), 5 (39.42AC), 6(39.14AC), E2W2, E2 Section: 32 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL Section: 33 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL Section: 34 Township: 4 Range: 95 N2, SE Section: 35 Township: 4 Range: 95 ALL PROJECT LOCATION DESCRIPTION ATRACT OF LAND LOCATED IN THE NW1/4 SE1/4 OF SECTION 25, T4S, R96W, 6th P.M., GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO, SAID TRACT BEING MORE PARTICULARLY DESCRIBED AS FOLLOWS: COMMENCING AT THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF SAID SECTION 25 AND RUNNING THENCE S88°03'05"W, 2059.59 FEET ALONG THE SOUTH LINE THEREOF; THENCE N01 °56'55"W, 1990.70 FEET TO THE POINT OF BEGINNING; THENCE N32°27'30"W, 39.32 FEET; THENCE N43°32'51"W, 61.11 FEET; THENCE N51°00'48"W, 77.01 FEET; THENCE N80°21'54"W, 42.64 FEET; THENCE N49°35'26"W, 55.33 FEET; THENCE N21°20'33"W, 84.11 FEET; THENCE N50°18'39"E, 45.62 FEET; THENCE S51°53'12"E, 52.61 FEET; THENCE N65°29'37"E, 115.68 FEET; THENCE N89°09'32"E, 162.64 FEET; THENCE S52°41110"E, 26.24 FEET; THENCE S26°06'51"E, 29.27 FEET; THENCE S02°38'18"E, 25.59 FEET; THENCE S28°04'11"W, 223.26 FEET; THENCE S50°57'20"W, 46.89 FEET TO THE POINT OF BEGINNING. SAID TRACT CONTAINING 1.482 ACRES, MORE OR LESS. THE BASIS OF BEARING FOR THIS SURVEY IS S88°03'05"W, 2663.98 FEET BETWEEN FOUND MONUMENTS AT THE SOUTHEAST CORNER AND THE SOUTH ONE-QUARTER CORNER OF SECTION 25, T4S, R96W, 6TH P.M. NOTES: 1. PARCEL INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS MAP WAS TAKEN FROM THE GARFIELD COUNTY GIS DEPARTMENT WEBSITE. 2. THE PROJECT IS LOCATED WITHIN A 15,800 ACRE PARCEL, PARCEL NO. 191727400012, WHICH IS OWNED BY ENCANA OIL & GAS (USA) INC. IN MORE LEGAL TERMS IT IS LOCATED IN SW 1/4 SE 1/4 OF SECTION 3, T5S, R96W, 6TH P.M. GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO. 3. THIS SITE IS LOCATED WITHIN "RESOURCE LANDS -PLATEAU" ZONING (ACCORDING TO GIS DATA). 4. BASIS OF BEARING IS UTM12NAD83 USFEET. 5. ORIGINAL PAGE SIZE IS 24" X 36". Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC 1,250 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000 N Feet ATCR SURVEYING EVANSTON. WYOMING Wasatch Surveying Associates 906 Main Street Evanston, Wyoming 82930 Phone No. (307) 789-4545 Fax (307) 789-5722 J25 CDP LOCATION- PARCEL MAP GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO PROJECT No. 12-04-60 I 11 PARCEL MAP DATE: 12/4/2012 SCALE: 1 inch = 2,500 feet of 2 Access Documentation Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 191727400012 ENCANA OIL & GAS (USA) INC.: 213501200013 MOBILCORPORATION Road Data provided by Garfield County GIS Legend 0 J25 CDP Location Route to Site - Local Roads Q Parcels 0 0.5 1 2 Miles s PROJECT NO'. 012-2594 DRAWN 8Y Jenna Muhlbach DATE'. 12/13/12 HUNTER RIDGE LLC. ACCESS ROAD MAP GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO O OLSSON® ASSOCIATES 826 21-1/2 ROAD GRAND JUNCTION, CO 81505 TEL 970.263.7800 FAX 970.263.7456 FIGURE AR - 1 MEMORANDUM OF ROAD USE PERMIT WHEREAS on the 15' day of July 2010, a Road Use Permit ("Permit") was made and entered into by and between Exxon Mobil Corporation, a New Jersey corporation with an address for purpose of the Permit of ExxonMobi1 Production Company, CORP-WGR-714, P.O. Box 4697, Houston, Texas 77210-4697 ("ExxonMobil") and Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc., a Delaware corporation with an address of 370 17th Street, Suite 1700, Denver, Colorado 80202 ("Encana") each sometimes referred to herein as "the Party" and together hereinafter called "the Parties." The Permit allows the use by ExxonMobil of a certain portion of an access road which traverses land owned by EnCana located in Townships 4 and 5 South, Ranges 95 and 96 West, 6th P.M., Garfield County Colorado, as shown on attached Exhibit A. The Road Use Permit allows the use by Encana of a different portion of the same access road which traverses land owned by ExxonMobil located in Township 5 South, Ranges 95 and 96 West, 6th P.M., Garfield County Colorado, as shown on attached Exhibit A. The Term of the Permit is from July 1, 2010 through June 30, 2030 and may be extended by either party for up to an additional 20 years. Notice is hereby given that executed copies of said Permit are in the possession of ExxonMobil and Encana, and that said Permit contains the details of the agreement between the parties, including a grant of the right to use the subject access road under the terms set forth therein. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Memorandum of Road Use Permit is executed on the dates set forth in the acknowledgment, but is effective for all purposes as of the 1 s` day of July, 2010. Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. (\ Helen M. Capps Attorney -in -Fact Date XTO Enemy Inc. as agent for Exxon Mobil Corporation By 14_ i Date (7,l 3 12-0 12_ Print Name: Edwin S. Ryan, Jr. Title: Senior Vice President — Land Administration STATE OF COLORADO ) ss. CITY AND COUNTY OF DENVER ) The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this day of r iteik -Y-L 6 2012, by Helen M. Capps as Attorney -in -Fact of Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc., a Delaware corporation. Witness my hand and official seal. MYommihsP4IfE teksO l (Seal) NOTARY PUBLIC STATE OF COLORADO e r•ww i e.poo m000bcGoorrgmw c(`'' My Ccmmfssion Expires 03/25/2013 STATE OF TEXAS COUNTY OF TARRANT Notary Publi 1 The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this day of ? al 2012, by Edwin S. Ryan, Jr. as Senior Vice President — Land Administration of XTO Energy Inc., a Delaware corporation. Witness my hand and official seal. My Commission Expires: I l2zii Notary Public STATE OF TEXAS *Comm. Exp. 01!2$12016 (Seal) 4: 4s' r 6597 11 17 35 9614 3, 37 13 11 Exhibit A Attached to and made a part of that certain Memorandum of Road Use Permit between Exxon Mobil Corporation and Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. dated effective July 10, 2010 14 71 7. 33 4 NW 1. 1. MEN MINH Q dirstmt 37 73 14 3 10 11 14 11 3. 31 a 1. 7. 73 33 . n 33 4 14 32 196W 37 34 3 t1 1. a 34 3 11 u 24 74 1. 39 MW 11 3. 31 17 13 48 94W 1. 14S $4W .. 31 m 34 u 0 3 6 11 12 11 11 IIS 34 3. 13 34 EXXONMOBIL PREMISES ENCANA PREMISES EXXONMOBIL ROAD Class 1 Cultural Resources Report Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 FLATTOPS ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONSULTANTS P.O. BOX1893 CARBONDALE, CO 81623 (970) 379-2846 February 9, 2012 Craig Richardson Olsson Associates 826 21 1/2 Road Grand Junction, Colorado 81505 CC: Mr. Fred Jarman Garfield County, Building & Planning 108 8th Street, Suite 401 Glenwood Springs, Colorado 81601 RE: Letter Report of Findings—Cass I Cultural Resources Study for the Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. J25 CDP Site, Parcel #1917-274-00-012, Garfield County, Colorado Dear Mr. Richardson, This letter report of findings serves as documentation for the completion of a Class 1 Cultural Resources Study of the proposed Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. i25 CDP Site (Parcel #1917-274-00-012) in Garfield County, Colorado. This report satisfies the requirements of the Garfield County Unified Land Use Resolution, Article IV Section 4-502E part 8b: A determination of the effect on significant archaeological, cultural, paleontological, historic resources. The project is located in the NW SE of Section 25, Township 4 South, Range 96 West (6`h Principal Meridian). Cultural resource files for Section 25 were reviewed for this study. The proposed project area is located approximately eighteen miles north of Parachute, Colorado. It is situated on a ridge between two seasonal drainages, with an elevation of 8,220 feet above sea level. The project area is accessed by existing roads. The file search was conducted an December 11, 2012, by reviewing the Colorado Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation's COMPASS database. Eight previous Class 111 cultural resource inventory projects have taken place in Section 25, T4S, R96W (Table 1); no paleontological, prehistoric or historic cultural resources have been recorded as a result of these projects. Therefore, based on the results of this Class 1 inventory, Flattops Archaeological Consultants recommends a finding of no historic properties affected. However, should other cultural resources be discovered or unearthed during ground -disturbing activities, a qualified archaeologist should be notified. Kae McDonald Principle investigator flattopsarchaeological99@comcastnet Si'lcere If you have questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to contact me at your convenience. Irae McDohald,'Ph.D., RPA Principal Investigator Table 1: Previous Class III Inventories in Section 25, T45, R96W. SHPO Survey ID No. Project Title Client Company Year GF.LM.NR758 Two Proposed Story Gulch Well Pad Locations And Related To -Be -Upgraded Access Encana Oil and Gas (Usa) Inc Grand River Institute 2005 MC.LM.NR225 The Sprague Gulch Access Road (16.5 Miles) Encana Oil and Gas (Usa) Inc Grand River Institute 2005 MC.LM.NR238 Two Proposed Figure Four Unit (N10-498 And El 5-498) And Five Proposed Story Gulch Unit (L22-496, P24-496, 031-495, A34-495, And E36- 495) Well Locations And Related Linear Routes Encana Oil and Gas (Usa) Inc Grand River Institute 2006 GF.LM.NR882 Paleontological Resource Survey North Parachute Area Well Pads K35 496, K36 496, B36 497 & Access Corridors Pipeline Corridor From C30 496 To D30 496 Arcadis U.S. Inc 2008 GF.LM.NR891 Proposed ConocoPhillips K36-496 Well Pad And Access Road Conoco -Phillips Metcalf Archaeological Consultants 2008 GF.LM.NR914 Four Proposed Liberty Well Locations (M30 495, B36 496, D36 496, And F25 496), A Central Distribution Point (J25 496), And Related Linear Routes Encana Oil and Gas (Usa) Inc Grand River Institute 2009 GF.LM.NR934 Addendum Report For The Proposed Frac Pad For The Liberty Pad Locations (BLM # 10-11-04) Encana Oil and Gas (Usa) Inc Grand River Institute 2009 MC.LM.NR262 Twenty Proposed Well Locations And Related Linear Routes In The Double Willow Unit (D31- 495, L16-496, 117-496, P17-496, B19-496, J20- 496, C22-496, F22-496, N23-496, K24-496, L24- 496, M24-496, P24-496, F26-496, 126-496, K27- 496, L27-496, M27-496, E34-496, M34-496) (BLM # 12-11-01) Encana Oil and Gas (Usa) Inc Grand River Institute 2011 Wildlife & Vegetative Impact Analysis Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 J25 CDP HUNTER RIDGE ENERGY SERVICES, LLC Impact Analysis: Section 4-502 E (8) Environmental Effects Garfield County Unified Land Use Resolution 2008 Cover Photo: Current conditions near the J25 CDP, which lies in the background. Prepared for: Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC Prepared by: WestWater Engineering 2516 Foresight Circle #1 Grand Junction, CO 81505 January 2013 INTRODUCTION At the request of Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC, WestWater Engineering (WWE) biologists conducted field surveys and assessments of wildlife, wildlife habitats, and sensitive plant species at the proposed J25 CDP site (Figure 1). The project lies within the footprint of a previously developed site, and no additional ground disturbance will be required for this project. The project area has been surveyed by WWE for other projects occurring on Encana's North Parachute Ranch (NPR), including annual raptor surveys across the entire NPR that have been conducted since 2007. This document reports the results and analysis of the findings from previous surveys that are pertinent to Garfield County Land Use regulations (2008) that apply to this project. The site is located on Encana's privately owned NPR approximately 16 miles northwest of Parachute, CO in Section 25, Township 4 South, Range 96 West, 6th Principal Meridian. The elevation is approximately 8,200 feet. The site is accessed via Garfield County Road 215 to Encana's NPR gate, and then a private road system (Figure 1). SURVEY METHODS A preliminary review of the project area using aerial photographs was conducted to familiarize biologists with the project area and as an aid to help determine the potential presence of wildlife and any threatened, endangered, or sensitive animal or plant species. Field data collected during previous surveys were documented and/or recorded with the aid of a handheld global positioning system (GPS) receiver utilizing NAD83 map datum, with all coordinate locations based on the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate system in Zone 12. WWE biologists conducted pedestrian surveys of the area to locate and identify wildlife species, wildlife sign, wildlife habitats, and vegetative communities. Vegetation types were determined through field identification of plants, aerial photography, and on -the -ground assessments of the plant community. Visual searches for raptors and other bird species nests focused on aspen woodlands and mature Gambel oak within 0.25 -miles of the project site. Nest searches and bird identification were aided with the use of binoculars. Nest searches and bird identification were aided by call (vocalization) recognition. WWE biologists used an audio broadcast technique to help locate raptors in their breeding territories. WWE used "Predation MP3 Game Caller" units and followed the call/play-back methodology described by P. Kennedy (Kennedy and Stahlecker 1993; the "Kennedy-Stahlecker-Rinker" method). Data from the Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW) Natural Diversity Information Source (NDIS) was used to determine important wildlife areas. Noxious weeds that were recorded within 100 feet of the project site are discussed in this report. SECTION 4-502 E. - ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS Wetlands and Waters of the U.S. Waters of the U.S. (WoUS) include wetlands and drainages under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE). Perennial, intermittent, and ephemeral streams and drainages are considered WoUS if they exhibit evidence of flow (i.e. ordinary high water mark) and are hydrologically connected to a perennial stream. In addition to hydrology, a jurisdictional WestWater Engineering Page 1 of 12 January 2013 wetland will also demonstrate the unique soil and vegetation characteristics that result from inundation or saturation. The proposed project site is located on a ridge -top along the Parachute Creek/Piceance Creek Divide (Figure 1). U.S. Geological Survey mapping indicates that no potential WoUS cross the project area and no drainages exhibiting an ordinary high water mark were observed. WWE biologists determined that no jurisdictional wetlands or drainages would be affected by the project. VEGETATION The site is located on a ridge -top in the upper elevations of the Roan Plateau. Native vegetation surrounding the site is consistent with sagebrush communities, mountain shrub, and aspen woodlands found throughout the region. Native plants that likely occur near the site are presented in Table 1. Table 1. Common plant species expected to occur near the nroiect site. Plant Species Within 100 Feet of the Site Arrowleaf balsamroot (Balsamorhiza sagittata) Big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) Astragalus sp. (Astragalus spp.) Needlegrass (Achnatherum spp.) Bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata) Bluegrass (Poa spp.) Creeping barberry (Mahonia repens) Serviceberry (Amelanchier utahensis) Larkspur (Delphenium spp.) Snowberry (Symphoricarpos oreophilus) Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii) Sulfur flower buckwheat (Eriogonum umbellatum) Indian ricegrass (Achnatherum hymenoides) Western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii) Intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium) Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) Additional Common Plant Species Expected Within 0.25 Miles of the Site Aspen (Populus tremuloides) Penstemon sp. (Penstemon spp.) Smooth brome (Bromus intermis) Rubber rabbitbrush (Ericameria nauseosa) Ceanothus (Ceanothus fendleri) Wavy -leaf thistle (Cirsium undulatum) Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana) White sagebrush (Artemisia ludoviciana) Wax currant (Ribes cereum) Woods' rose (Rosa woodsii) Mutton grass (Poa fendleriana) Yellow rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus) Threatened, Endangered, Sensitive Plant Species An inspection of soils and terrain that occur at the project site, experience from previous WWE surveys, and review of the Colorado Rare Plant Field Guide (Spackman et. al. 1997) and the WWE GIS database indicated that no sensitive plant species would be expected to occur near the site. WestWater Engineering Page 2 of 12 January 2013 Noxious Weeds Cheatgrass (State C list—Bromus tectorum), common mullein (State C list—Verbascum Thapsus), houndstongue (State B list—Cynoglossum officinale), Canada thistle (State B list— Cirsium arvense), and bull thistle (State B list—Cirsium vulgare) were observed and/or are known to occur near the project site. Of these, houndstongue and Canada thistle are Garfield County listed noxious weed species. Other commonly observed noxious weeds in the geographical area that are most likely to invade the site include musk thistle and spotted knapweed. WILDLIFE Federally and State Listed Candidate, Threatened, Endangered, and Species of Concern Greater Sage -grouse is a candidate for listing under the Endangered Species Act and occurs in sagebrush habitat on the Roan Plateau. The proposed project occurs in occupied sage -grouse habitat within a mapped sage -grouse production area (NDIS 2013) (Figure 2). NDIS defines a sage -grouse production area as, "an area that would include the majority of important sage grouse nesting habitat." Lek sites (breeding/strutting grounds) are important features in sage -grouse habitat. Research by CPW indicates that approximately 80 percent of sage -grouse nesting takes place in suitable habitats within 4 -miles of the lek on which they were bred (Colorado Greater Sage -grouse Steering Committee 2008). There are seven known leks within 4 -miles of the site, of which one is considered active (Bragg Spring Lek). No other state listed, or threatened, endangered, or candidate species listed under the Endangered Species Act are known to occur at the project site. However, runoff from the project area would eventually drain into the Colorado River, which is designated Critical Habitat by US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) for 4 federally listed endangered species of fish (USFWS 1994). The Colorado pikeminnow and razorback sucker both occur in the Colorado River downstream of the project area. Critical habitat for these two species begins at the Colorado River Bridge in Rifle, CO, and continues downstream to Lake Powell (USFWS 1994). Raptors At least twelve raptor species would be expected to nest, reside, forage, or pass through the general project area and are listed in Table 2. The most common raptor species observed in the area include American Kestrel, Cooper's Hawk, Golden Eagle, and Red-tailed Hawk. Table 2. Raptor species that may be present in the project area. Common Name Scientific Name BCC American Kestrel Falco sparverius No Cooper's Hawk Accipiter cooperii No Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus No Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos Yes Flammulated Owl Otus flameolus Yes Long-eared Owl Asio otus No WestWater Engineering Page 3of12 January 2013 Table 2. Raptor species that may be present in the nroiect area. Common Name Scientific Name BCC* Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis No Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus No Northern Saw -whet Owl Aegolius acadicus No Red-tailed Hawk Buteo jamaicensis No Sharp -shinned Hawk Accipiter striatus No Swainson's Hawk Buteo swainsonii No * BCC—U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Bird of Conservation Concern (FWS 2008). § BLM Sensitive Species Extensive raptor nest surveys have been conducted in and near the project area by WWE since 2007, and two Cooper's Hawk nests were observed within 0.25 miles of the project area during previous surveys (WWE 2013). Of these, one was occupied in 2011 (Figure 1, COHA-2), while the other was occupied in 2012 (Figure 1, COHA-1). The vegetation within the surveyed area is composed of sagebrush and mountain shrub communities interspersed with stands of mature Gambel oak and aspen woodlands. There are no cliffs suitable for nesting within 0.5 miles of the project area. Migratory, Non -migratory, and Birds of Conservation Concern (other than raptors) WWE biologists conducted pedestrian surveys and reviewed existing literature to determine the potential for the presence of any bird species that could potentially be affected by the project. Particular attention was given to identifying birds that are listed as sensitive by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW). Birds of Conservation Concern (BCC) are species listed by the FWS that are priorities for conservation action (FWS 2008). The goal is to prevent or remove the need to list additional species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) by implementing proactive management and conservation actions. Species with potential to occur in the project area are listed in Table 3. Table 3. BCC and state species of concern that may occur within project area. Species Common Name Species Scientific Name Status Habitat Description Potential to Occur Brewer's Sparrow Spizella breweri BCC Inhabits sagebrush dominated shrublands and typically are found in habitat that supports sage sparrows. Nesting is likely in sagebrush shrublands in the project area. Cassin's Finch Carpodacus cassinii BCC Occasionally occurs in Gambel oak and aspen woodlands. Nesting is possible in Gambel oak and aspen near the project area. BCC=Bird of Conservation Concern FWS guidelines recommend a 100 foot buffer around proposed developments for the protection of nesting migratory birds, excluding raptors. The aspen woodlands, sagebrush, and mountain shrublands in the area surrounding the project site provide nesting and foraging habitat for various migratory and non -migratory bird species, depending on the season of the year (Andrews WestWater Engineering Page 4 of 12 January 2013 & Righter 1992). However, the J25 CDP is a previously developed site, and therefore, no additional habitat for migratory or non -migratory bird species will be removed for the development of this project. American Elk and Mule Deer Elk and mule deer utilize the summer range extensively on the Roan Plateau. Mule deer rely on forbs and shrubs to meet the majority of their nutritional requirements, while elk rely more on grasses. Adjacent areas of aspen and mountain shrub provide necessary forage and production areas as well as escape, thermal, and loafing cover for both species during the summer. The site is located in CPW Game Management Unit (GMU) 32. The project area is within NDIS mapped mule deer and American elk overall range (Figures 3 and 4). The site is also within a mapped elk production area (Figure 4) (NDIS 2013). The area provides valuable habitat for big game for much of the year. Black Bear and Mountain Lion NDIS mapping shows the site to be within overall range for black bear and mountain lion (NDIS 2013). There is plentiful forage nearby and black bears frequent the area. Black bears are omnivorous and the diet depends largely on what kinds of food are seasonally available, although their mainstay is vegetation. In spring, emerging grasses and succulent forbs are favored. In summer and early fall, bears take advantage of a variety of berries and other fruits. In late fall, preferences are for berries and mast (acorns), where available. Black bear generally hibernate from mid-November through May. Mountain lion typically follow migrating deer herds, which provide their primary food source. Lions tend to have large territories and are highly mobile as they search for food or new territories. This species likely inhabits the project area primarily during summer months. The project area is not mapped by CPW as a potential mountain lion conflict area. Small Mammals Common small mammal species in the project area include black -tailed jackrabbit (Lepus californicus), coyote (Canis latrans), golden -mantled ground squirrel (Spermophilus lateralis), mountain cottontail (Sylvilagus nuttallii), northern pocket gopher (Thomomys talpoides), least chipmunk (Tamias minimus), and a multitude of rodent species. Reptiles Western terrestrial garter snakes (Thamnophis elegans) have previously been observed in the vicinity of the project area. This species is common on the Roan Plateau and is typically observed around creeks and ponds but can be found far from water. Smooth green snakes (Liochlorophis vernalis) were not observed during surveys, but are known to occur on the Roan Plateau (Hammerson 1999) and have been observed at similar elevations on Old Mountain by WWE biologists. Short -horned lizards (Phrynosoma hernandesi) are fairly abundant in sagebrush habitats. These species do not have any special protection by CPW or FWS. WestWater Engineering Page 5 of 12 January 2013 Amphibians Since there are no permanent water sources near the site no amphibian species are expected to occupy the area and none would be potentially affected. SECTION 4-502 (8) (a) Determination of Long and Short-term Effects on Flora and Fauna FLORA The J25 CDP is a previously developed site, and no additional vegetation will be cleared as a part of this project. No TESS plants would be affected. Implementation of Encana's integrated vegetation management plan for projects on the NPR (WWE 2009) would reduce the effects of disturbance to the project site. FAUNA Greater Sage -grouse Because the J25 CDP is a previously developed site, no additional disturbance to sagebrush habitat within the NDIS mapped sage -grouse production area would be removed by development of the project. An increase in vehicle traffic could result in mortality due to collisions (road -kill). Certain features of the J25 CDP could provide hunting perches for raptors that could contribute to an increase in sage -grouse mortality. Raptors No raptor nesting habitat will be directly affected. There is a possibility for long or short-term effects related to increased human presence and activity associated with development on the J25 CDP site. American Elk and Mule Deer Because the J25 CDP is a previously developed site, no additional vegetation removal will occur, thereby not reducing available foraging habitat for big game. Increased human presence and activity may affect animal distribution. Some chemicals on the site may be toxic to wildlife including big -game. Black Bear and Mountain Lion Because the J25 CDP is a previously developed site, no additional serviceberry or Gambel oak will be removed by development of this project, thereby not reducing the amount of available forage for black bears. Increased human presence and activity may affect animal distribution. Potential encounters of black bear with construction personnel could occur if garbage or food is available to resident bears and incidences of human -black bear interactions sometimes result in the euthanasia of offending bears by the CPW. Mountain lion would be minimally affected. Small Mammals, Birds (BCC), and Reptiles No additional habitat loss to these species will occur as a result of project development. Increased human presence and activity may affect animal distribution. Some chemicals on the site may be toxic to wildlife. WestWater Engineering Page 6 of 12 January 2013 SECTION 4-502 (8) (c) (1) Determination of the effect on significant environmental resources --critical wildlife habitat Potential issues are outlined below. Creation of hazardous attractions: Some passerine bird species may choose to nest in or on equipment or objects at the J25 CDP. By closing or covering all ports, hatches, cavities, and openings (such as the ends of pipes) this potential is decreased. Most non - game bird species are protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (16 U.S.C. 703-712; Ch. 128; July 13, 1918; 40 Stat. 755) and tampering with occupied nests could be considered a "take" resulting in a violation. Indirect Construction Effects: Construction of the site introduces factors such as the presence of personnel and noise from equipment, which have potential to affect wildlife distribution and habitat use in a negative manner. Alteration of Existing Vegetation: No additional native vegetation would be removed as a result of this project. Big Game Production Areas, Winter Range, and Migration Corridors: The proposed site is situated near an elk production area and mule deer and elk overall range. No specific deer or elk migration corridors are affected, though migration occurs through and around the site. Road -kill: Speed limits are 25 miles -per -hour or less on Encana property and most wildlife in the area have become habituated to vehicle traffic. The potential for road -kill for most species should be low, with the exception of small mammals, birds (including sage -grouse), and reptiles. Bird Nesting Habitat: No additional bird nesting habitat would be directly lost within the footprint of the J25 CDP. However, birds may avoid nearby habitats due to increased activity at the site. REFERENCES Andrews, R., and R. Righter. 1992. Colorado Birds: A Reference to Their Distribution and Habitat. Denver Museum of Natural History, Colorado. Colorado Greater Sage -grouse Steering Committee. 2008. Colorado greater sage -grouse conservation plan. Colorado Division of Wildlife, Denver, Colorado, USA. FWS. 2008. Birds of Conservation Concern 2008. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Migratory Bird Management, Arlington, Virginia. Garfield County. 2008. Garfield County Unified Land Use Resolution. Final Draft dated July 1, 2008. Glenwood Springs, Colorado. Hammerson, G. A. 1999. Amphibians and Reptiles in Colorado, Second Edition. Colorado Division of Wildlife, Denver. WestWater Engineering Page 7 of 12 January 2013 Kennedy, P. L., and D. W. Stahlecker.1993. Responsiveness of nesting northern goshawks to taped broadcasts of 3 conspecific calls. Journal of Wildlife Management, 57:249-257. NDIS. 2013. Natural Diversity Information Source—Colorado Parks and Wildlife. http://ndis.nrel.colostate.edu/wildlife.asp. Accessed January 2013. Spackman, S., B. Jennings, J. Coles, C. Dawson, M. Minton, A. Kratz, and C. Spurrier. 1997. Colorado Rare Plant Field Guide, Prepared for the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, the U.S. Forest Service and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service by the Colorado Natural Heritage Program. USFWS. 1994. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Determination of Critical Habitat for the Colorado River Endangered Fishes; Razorback Sucker, Colorado Squawfish, Humpback Chub, and Bonytail Chub. Federal Register Rules and Regulations, Vol. 59, No. 54, March 21, 1994. WWE. 2009. Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc.'s North Parachute Ranch (NPR) Integrated Vegetation Management Plan: Reclamation and Noxious Weed Control. Grand Junction, Colorado. WWE. 2013. WestWater Engineering ArcGIS Database. WestWater Engineering, Grand Junction, CO. WestWater Engineering Page 8 of 12 January 2013 Project Location 401 GARFIELD COUNTY C01 -1A-1 COHA-2 R1095W Legend Occupied Raptor Nest Q 114 Mile Raptor Survey Area J25 CDP Disturbance stWater Engineer Figure 1 Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC J25 CDP Biological Survey Location and Raptors WestWater Engineering Consulting Engineers & Scientists 0 0.1 0.2 Miles January a@l iiary 2013 Map Same, Z,%Enema Oil & Gas USA, IneW25 COP\GISlfigure 1.mz4 1(1812011 rnt RIO BLANCO COUNTY Legend J25 CDP Disturbance Area Sage Grouse Production Area stWater Engineers r,- Figure 2 Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC J25 CDP Biological Survey Sage -Grouse Activities nWestWater Engineering Consulting Engineers & Scientists 0 025 0.5 Miles 42 January Hi Lary 2013 Map Source Z.MEnCana Oils Gas USA, InclJ25 CDP\GISlFigure 2 mei 11912013 rbb 249 GAR FIELD COUNTY Spri Legend J25 CDP Disturbance Area Mule Deer Winter Concentration Area Mule Deer Severe Winter Range stWater Engineering Page 3 of 12 Jj Figure 3 Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC J25 CDP Biological Survey Mule Deer Activities r‘ik\NestWater Engineering Consulting Engineers & Scientists 0.4 0-6 Miles January 7.91113ary 2013 Map Seuree Zf1En Cana Oil S. Gas USA. Incd25 CP PUGIS‘F,esre 3.mxd 108/2013 rbb RIO BLANCO COUNTY 401 ROAD r k . i 401 RLIAD cowxry 406 A9A0 i -_2j J25 CDP HUNTER RIDGE ENERGY SERVICES, LLC Section 7-202 Protection of Wildlife Habitat Areas Garfield County Unified Land Use Resolution 2008 Cover photo: General habitat conditions characteristic of the greater project area. Prepared for: Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC Prepared by: WestWater Engineering 2516 Foresight Circle #1 Grand Junction, CO 81505 January 2013 WILDLIFE Raptors Two occupied raptor nests have been documented within 0.25 miles of the site since intensive surveys began in the area in 2007. Activities associated with development of the J25 CDP have minimal potential to impact raptor populations, as this is a previously developed site, and lies within an area that is currently experiencing high levels of activity associated with natural gas development. Operation of the facility is likely to have little indirect affect on raptors that have become at least partially habituated to a significant amount of human activity in the area. Greater Sage -grouse Sage -grouse occupy and potentially nest in the sagebrush habitat near the site, which is mapped as a sage -grouse production area (NDIS 2013). Because this is a previously developed site, no direct impacts to sage -grouse from brush clearing will occur. Sage -grouse predators such as Red-tailed Hawks and Golden Eagles could benefit from additional edge habitat and potential hunting perches created by the project, resulting in an increase in predation on sage -grouse. Deterrent devices should be used to prevent raptors from utilizing structures on the site as hunting perches. The potential for road -kill exists, although speed limits are low and signage warning drivers of the presence of sage -grouse is in place. American Elk and Mule Deer The proposed site is within an elk production area. Elk in this area typically calve in aspen stands or dense mountain shrublands (serviceberry) from late -May through mid-June. The nearest potential calving areas are north of the project and are blocked from view by terrain features. Given the cumulative scale of ongoing activities along Divide Road, which would likely cause elk to select more remote areas for calving, it is unlikely that increased activities associated with operation of the J25 CDP will affect elk in the area. No additional foraging habitat for big game will be lost as a result of development of the J25 CDP. Implementation of Encana's noxious weed management plan (WWE 2009) would promote continued health of the vegetation community in the area surrounding the development. A reclamation plan should be implemented to reduce the establishment of noxious weeds in disturbed areas. Reclamation of disturbed areas not utilized as part of the facilities would decrease the presence of noxious weeds and provide forage for mule deer and elk. Wildlife should be considered before any fencing is designed or built. Following wildlife friendly fencing standards reduces the costs of repairing fences damaged by wildlife, reduces the chance of mortality from animals becoming entangled in the fence, and allows for less restricted movements throughout an area. The CPW has published guidelines for fence construction that reduce impacts to wildlife (Hanophy 2009). Black Bear Black bear will likely be foraging in the habitat surrounding the project site, particularly when berries and acorns ripen. Personnel may be unfamiliar with wildlife in the area and should be informed of the potential for bear interactions. Personnel should not feed bears at any time. Bears should not be approached if encountered in the project area. All garbage and any food items should be removed from the site on a daily basis. WestWater Engineering Page 1 of 3 January 2013 Mitigation of Habitat Loss to Migratory Birds No additional vegetation removal will occur as a result of development of the J25 CDP. Implementation of Encana's noxious weed management plan (WWE 2009) would promote continued health of the vegetation community in the area surrounding the development. A reclamation plan should be implemented to reduce the establishment of noxious weeds in disturbed areas. Reclamation of disturbed areas not utilized as part of the J25 CDP would decrease the potential for infestation by noxious weeds and replace foraging habitat for birds. Small Mammals and Reptiles There are no seasonal limitations or special requirements for development related to these species. PRESERVATION OF NATIVE VEGETATION The best method to mitigate loss of wildlife habitat is to increase the availability of native forage in the form of grasses and shrubs by reseeding disturbed areas. Native grasses would provide the greatest benefit for wildlife. Application of Encana's integrated vegetation management plan (WWE 2009) would provide a basis for appropriate mitigation. Treatment and Control of Noxious Weed Infestations The highest priority for noxious weed management is to prevent the establishment of any noxious weed infestation of the project site. Noxious weeds aggressively compete with native vegetation. Most have come from Europe or Asia, either accidentally or as ornamentals that have escaped. Once established, they tend to spread quickly because the insects, diseases, and animals that normally control them are absent. Prevention is especially valuable in the case of noxious weed management. Noxious weeds are spread by man, animals, water, and wind. Prime locations for the establishment of noxious weeds include roadsides, construction sites, wetlands, riparian corridors, and areas that are overused by animals or humans. Subsequent to soil disturbances, vegetation communities can be susceptible to infestations of invasive or exotic weed species. Vegetation removal and soil disturbance during any ground disturbing activities can create optimal conditions for the establishment of invasive, non-native species. Construction equipment traveling from weed -infested areas into weed -free areas could disperse noxious or invasive weed seeds and propagates, resulting in the establishment of these weeds in previously weed -free areas. Several simple practices should be employed to prevent most weed infestations. The following practices should be adopted for any activity to reduce the costs of noxious weed control through prevention. The practices include: Prior to delivery to the site, equipment should be thoroughly cleaned of soils remaining from previous construction sites which may be contaminated with noxious weeds. If working in sites with weed -seed contaminated soil, equipment should be cleaned of potentially seed -bearing soils and vegetative debris at the infested area prior to moving to uncontaminated terrain. All maintenance vehicles should be regularly cleaned of soil. WestWater Engineering Page 2 of 3 January 2013 Avoid driving vehicles through areas where weed infestations exist. REFERENCES Hanophy, W. 2009. Fencing with Wildlife in Mind. Colorado Division of Wildlife. Denver. Available online: http://wildlife. state. co.us/SiteCollectionDocuments/DOW/LandW ater/PrivateLandProgra ms/DOWFencingWithWildlifelnMind.pdf NDIS. 2013. Natural Diversity Information Source—Colorado Parks and Wildlife. http://ndis.nrel.colostate.edu/wildlife.asp. Accessed January 2013. WWE. 2009. Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc.'s North Parachute Ranch (NPR) Integrated Vegetation Management Plan: Reclamation and Noxious Weed Control. Grand Junction, Colorado. WestWater Engineering Page 3 of 3 January 2013 Reclamation Plan Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 North Parachute Ranch (NPR) TABLE OF CONTENTS FNTRODUCTION I BACKGROUND 1 Clirnatic Zones within the NPR 1 Upper Zone MiddleZone.................................................................. ? Lower Zone 3 RECLAMATION CHALLENGES AND AVOIDANCE RECOMMENDATIONS .................... 5 RECLAMATION CONSIDERATIONS 5 Timing of Re -vegetation Work 5 Topsoil F[andling 6 Use of Fertilizer 6 Use of Mulch 7 Use of Certified Seed 7 Harvesting Local Seed 7 Seed. Testing 8 Inoculation of LegULnes 8 Inoculation of Sterile Soils 8 Determination of Pure Live Seed (PLS) ratio 8 SEED MIXTURE RECOMAIENDAT[ONS 9 Reclamation Mon itorin 1 1 Weeds........•............•...........• 12 REFERENCES 16 INTRODUCTION This document is a reclamation guide for use in restoration of lands on Encana's North Parachute Ranch, where oil and gas development activities have disturbed the surface by the construction or well pads. roads, and pipelines. Lncana has asked WestWater Engineering to provide recommendations that will facilitate initial re -vegetation and re-establishment of natural succession of native plant species. This plan is based on the combined knowledge of WestWater"s biologists (Michael W. Klish, Rusty Roberts and. Bill Clark). who have personal experience in the project area vicinity that spans more than 30 years each, and available literature provided in the reference section. Encana's land use objective for the North Parachute Ranch is to re-establish a self-sustaining vegetation cover integrated with the surrounding ecosystems. The plan is a "working document" and subject to amendment and revision based upon new information and changes in land use at NPR. The recommendations included herein apply to disturbances on upland plant communities. Recommendations for wetland habitats are not included as disturbance to these plant communities are expected to be minimal. This document provides recommendations for the following major subject areas: (1) Reclamation Challenges and Critical Area Avoidance (2) Reclamation (3) NPR Seed Mixtures (4) Reclamation Monitoring BACKGROUND Climatic Zones within the NPR There are three climatic zones within the NPR and are referred to as the Upper, Middle and Lower Zones. Similar precipitation patterns, soils and plant communities exist within the three zones. The Upper Zone consists of lands above the rirnrock escarpment of the Roan Plateau at elevations between 7,500 to 8,500 feet; excluding slopes greater than 20%, south facing areas. The Middle Zone consists of lands between the escarpment of the plateau to the toe of the slope along the valley floors at elevations between 7,500 and 6,000: including steep, south facing slopes above 7,500 feet. The Lower Zone consists of the lower terraces and tloodplains along the valley bottoms of the major drainages below elevations of 6,000 feet. The location of NPR is shown on Figure 1 (attached), a 2005 aerial photo showing the general locations of the Upper. Middle and Lower Zones. NPR Reclamation Plan 1 May 2006 Upper Zane The Upper Zone receives 16 to 25 inches of annual precipitation. A majority of the annual precipitation is received during non -growing season (late fall winter). Primary plant communities in the Upper Zone are Mountain Big Sagebrush,•Wheat¢rass and Upland Deciduous Shrub, Wheatgrass shrublands with smaller occurrences of Aspen and Douglas Fir forests and riparian shrub. tree and wetland habitats, The plant communities in the Upper Zone have the greatest diversity of plant species. lvIost of these species have adapted mechanisms for establishment and survival in the presence of the competition exerted by other species in the community, These communities are dominated by short-lived cool season bunch grasses, which are an important tactor in providing interspaces for establishment and maintenance of forbs and shrubs within the community. Some of the major species in the Upper Zone are listed in the Following table. Major Native Plant Species within select Upper Zone Plant Communities Grass/Grass like Forbs Shrubs Letterman Needlegrass Mountain Lupine Mountain Big Sagebrush Colombia Needlearass Silky Lupine Antelope Bitterbrush Slender Wheatgrass Rocky Mtn. Pensternon Mountain Snowberry Mountain Brome Watson Penstemon Low Rabbitbrush Nodding Brome Sulphur Buckwheat Utah Serviceberry Green Needlemss American Vetch Gambel's Oakbrush Idaho Fescue Western Yarrow Chokecherry Elk Sedge Many -Flowered Phlox Red Elderberry Basin W'ildrye - Arrowleaf balsarnroot Blue Wildrve Lipper Zone Summary Soils within this zone are primarily loam textured soils within the Parachute-phone-lrigul series. These soils are mostly well -drained, cool soils with dark -colored, organic -rich surface layers derived from shale and sandstone. Soil textures above the rim are generally loam with loam to clay loam sub -soils and range in depth from <20"on ridges to>60" in swales. All of the upland soils above the rim are in low to medium erosion classes (BLM. 2004, Fox, et al., 1973). Middle Zone The Middle Zone receives 13 to 14 inches of annual precipitation. A majority of the annual precipitation is received during non -growing season (late Fall/winter), A significant portion of this zone consists of unstable slopes that are relatively barren daily vegetation, According to Fox, et al., 1973, these barren slopes are fairly erosion resistant if undisturbed. Prirn.ary plant communities on more stable slopes are Bunchgrass/Forb Open Grassland, Upland Deciduous ShrubWheatgrass shrublands, PinyonIJuniper woodlands and Douglas Fir forests. These cornrnunities are dominated by cool season bunch grasses. NPR Reclamation Plan ? May 2006 Major Native Plant S ecies within select Middle Zone Punt Communities Grass/Grass like ForbsShrubs Bluebunch Wheatgrass Fringed Sage (Half -Shrub) Utah Serricebcrry Indian Ricegrass Watson Penstemon _ Mountain Big Sagebrush Thickspike Wheatgrass Sulphur Buckwheat Antelope Bitterbrush Green Needlegrass Westem Yarrow Mountain Mahogany Junegrass Lewis Flax Gambel's Oakbrush Basin Wildrye Silky Lupine Mountain Snowberry Elk Sedge Utah Sweetvetch Low Rabbitbrush Middle Zone Suuiiinarr The area below thL. rim encompassing the cliffs, talus and steep colluvial slopes at the base of the cliffs are derived from the Green River shale. Below the cliffs and talus is a zone of soils formed from colluvium and Wasatch Formation. Soils are shallow, poorly developed and there are many rock outcrops and badlands. Badlands are steep, nearly barren areas dissected by many ephemeral drainages. Badlands of the Wasatch Formation content and are calcareous. Erosion hazard Lower Zone Soils on the upper slopes of this zone have a thin, organic -rich surface layer and little development of soil horizons. Soils on lower slopes are shallow to moderately deep and are well -drained. Surface texture is loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam with variable amounts of gravel, cobbles and boulders, talus slopes and colluvial slopes below rock outcrops. Soils are moderate to highly alkaline. Sub -soils usually have higher day s usually severe (BLM, 2004). The Lower Zone receives 10 to 13 inches of annual precipitation. A majority of the annual precipitation is received during non -growing season (late fall; winter). This zone contains some of the most arid sites. Primary plant communities in the Lower Zone on benches and terraces are Wyoming Big Sagebrush Wheatgrass shrublands grading to salt desert shrubs like fourwing saltbush or shadscale on the most arid sites. The floodplain communities include Basin Big Sagebrush, Greasewood shrublands on old floodplain terraces and streatnside riparian woodlands with cottonwood or box -elder habitats. Cool -season bunchgrasses or cool -season sod -forming grasses or both dominate plant communities in the Lower Zone. NPR Reclamation Plan 3 May 2006 Major Native Plant S ecies within select Lower Zone Plant Communities Grass/Grass like Forbs Shrubs WesternWheatyrass floods Phlox Wyoming Big Sagebrush Indian Rice<zrass Scarlet Globernallow Basin Big Sagebrush Needle -and -Thread Grass Utah Sweetvetch Greasewood _ Bottlebrush Squirreltail SilverleaF Lupine Rubber Rabbitbrush Junegrass Lewis Flax Antelope Bitterbrush Sandberg Bluegrass Longleaf Phlox Low Rabbitbrush Bluebunch Wheat=.lass ThickleaF Pensteinon Broom Snakeweed Basin Wildrve Winterfat Shadscale Saltbush Four Win17 Saltbush Riparian IIahitat in the Lower Zone Streams are narrow and low and high points in the annual hydrograph are widely divergent. Riparian plant communities below the cliffs are deciduous woodlands on lower stream terraces and floodplains dominated by Fremont cottonwood at lower elevations and narrawieaf and box - elder at higher elevations up to the escarpments. N'iature box -elder woodlands with a dense understory of shrubs including river birch, alder and red -osier dogwood dominate the lower 'West Fork immediately below the West Fork Falls. The East Fork woodlands may include Douglas ter. Woody plant diversity is greatest in undisturbed riparian habitat in this zone. Major Native Plant Species within select Lower Zone Riparian Communities Grass/Grass like Forbs Shrubs/Trees Inland saltgrass Western white clematis Fremont cottonwood Foxtail barley Marsh -elder Narrowleaf cottonwood Arctic rush Wild licorice Box -elder Switchgrass Wild mint Black chokecherry Western Wheatarass Brook cinquefoil Skunkbush sumac Prairie cordgrass Canada goldenrod Wood's rose Golden currant Sandbar willow Peachleaf willow Bebb willow Lower Zone Summary Soils in the lower zone are calcareous, moderate to strongly alkaline, some highly saline, loams and silty clay loams on benches, terraces and alluvial fans. Floodplain soils are sandy loam or loans stratified with sand, gravel or cobbles derived From shale or sandstone. Soils formed in the alluvium are derived Froin sandstones. shales and marls and appear on benches, terraces. alluvial NPR Reclamation Plan 4 Mav 2006 fans and floodplains in the Lower Zone. Surface texture ranges from loam and sandy loam to clay loam with sub -soils of sandy loam to clay (Fox, et. al 1973 and BLNI, 2004). RECLAMATION CHALLENGES AND AVOIDANCE RECOMMENDATIONS North Parachute Ranch presents extreme reclamation challenges from a broad array of climate and geomorphological factors inherent to the site. These factors often act synergistically and increase the negative effects exponentially. These factors include: • Steep slopes and potential for soil movement. • Effective soil moisture issues including timing of seeding to coincide with natural precipitation. • Difficulty, in re -contouring to blend with extreme slopes of natural topography. • Thin soils due to infertility from slope, exposure and soil source materials. • Slumps (instability. difficulty in holding slopes). • Difficulty preventing establishment of noxious weeds in disturbed land. • Riparian areas especially those dominated by mature cottonwoodsrbox-elderfshrubs (due to wildlife and water quality value and long-term needed to establish Targe trees). Such areas, it disturbed, are very likely to require more time and expense to effectively reclaim. For example, riparian woodland and shrubland disturbances may require installation of live plant materials in the form of containerized trees and shrubs. Installation and three years of careful oversight and watering of these woody species to insure survival is far more costly than disturbance on sites, which can be successfully re -seeded. In addition to susceptibility to erosion and sediment problems, difficult, listed noxious weeds also present a reclamation challenge of huge proportions. For these reasons, it is recommended livestock grazing be postponed indefinitely. Canada thistle on the West Fork and houndstongue on the East Fork seriously threaten riparian plant communities. Both probleins are exasperated by grazing of livestock upstream from NPR property. Prudence suggests reducing the problem as much as possible and one technique for slowing the spread of invasive weeds is to remove livestock. Livestock decrease native plant abilities to compete with invasive species. Livestock can physically move weed seeds around the property in their coats or by ingesting and excreting viable weed seeds. RECLAMATION CONSIDERATIONS This section provides recommendations for actions that should be taken in conjunction with seeding of sits undergoing reclamation. Timing of Re -vegetation V4 ork Tinting of re -vegetation is critical to the success of the work. Replacement of topsoil should occur just prior to re -seeding to prevent early germination and establishment of highly competitive annual weeds. In nearly all cases, re -vegetation should occur as quickly as possible NPR Reclamation Plan May 2006 after topsoiling, in order to maintain soil nutrients and microbe levels, discourage weed invasion. and control erosion. Re -seeding should be tined to coincide immediately prior to the season of greatest precipitation, late fall/winter. Seed of many native plant species require a period of freezing temperatures prior to germination which ensures the seed will germinate in spring when soil moisture conditions are optimum For establishment and survival of the seedling. Also, several native species, such as big sagebrush, begin their slow germination process under snow cover. ldeally, topsoil replacement should occur in late August and September followed by re -seeding in late September to early December prior to freezing soil surface. if re -vegetation occurs too early, seeds are subjected to unnecessary exposure to seed predators and spoilage. If it occurs too late (spring planting), seeds and plants may encounter insufficient moisture to germinate or to survive after germination, and will be faced with higher competition from annual weeds. Topsail Handling Proper handling and storage of topsoil is critical to successful re -vegetation, especially in the case of re-establishing important native plant species on disturbed areas. The topsoil contains soil microbes (bacteria, micorrhiza, invertebrates) and seed banks of viable seed for the native plants present on the site. Many native plant species depend upon the activity of sail microbes for germination in some instances and For establish and survival of most seedlings. Topsoil is usually stripped from a site and stored in the srnal lest place possible in deep, unstable piles. Stockpiling topsoil in deep, unstable piles for long periods (over 30 days) results in the loss or limitation of topsoil microbes and viable seed. This is especially so where soils are stockpiled more than several feet in height and biological activity is diminished from Lack of oxygen. Topsoil should be protected from erosion and weed invasion. Topsoil should be stockpiled in piles no deeper than 2 feet with stable slopes and be positioned to minimize exposure to wind and water erosion. Topsoil piles stored for longer than 30 days should be immediately seeded to provide cover to reduce erosion, provide competition For weed species, and to maintain viability of the soil fungi and microbe communities. Several fast germinating sterile cover crops (' Regreen" and "Quickguard") are commercially available that should be used for short period storage of topsoil. Topsoil stored for more than one growing season should be seeded with one of the recommended seed mixes based upon the zone the site is in. Using the recommended seed mixes ort long -teen storage piles will help maintain biological activity and provide a seed bank of viable seed. If longi term stockpiling or deep stockpiling can not be avoided, application of micorrhizal inoculants (see section below) may be beneficial. Use of Fertilizer Use of fertilizer should not be used in the reclamation ofarid or semi -arid sites. These areas are typically at high risk of invasion by exotic annual weeds, almost all of which are favored by higher levels of nitrogen. Native western species are well adapted to the low fertility of soils in these areas. There are many cases of severe weed infestations, which are directly attributable to NPR Reclamation Plan 6 May 2006 addition of nitrogen. In addition to the considerable cost incurred, the routine use of fertilizer may well trigger problems with undesirable annual invaders, which can be essentially impossible to correct. Use of Much Mulch should be used only where there are specific indications for its application, and not as a routine element in reclamation. [t 'nay be useful in wetter areas or on extremely steep areas where severe erosion potential exists. On drier upland areas there are a number of potential problems. These include: wicking of soil moisture leading to increased evaporation, alteration of carbon: nitrogen ratios, attraction of rodent and invertebrates to seed and seedling predators, and plant competition from grain or weed seeds in the mulch. Where mulch is used, it is imperative that it be retained either by mechanical crimping, application of a tackifier, or with netting. These materials and the time required for their application add substantially to reclamation costs. Use of Certified Seed The two types of certified seed are "Blue Tagged Certified. Seed" and "Yellow Tagged Source Identified Seed". Certified Seed (Blue Tag): Seed Certification is the means of maintaining the pedigree (genetically pure seed) of a specific variety of seed. Each state has a seed certifying agency or crop improvement association that certifies seed. Blue Tagged Certified Seed must meet high purity and germination standards and have a low weed content. usually less than 0.25 percent. Blue tagged certified seed can not contain any prohibited noxious weeds of the state of certification. Many native species are now available in cenitied cultivars and in most cases the certified cultivars are lower cost. Source Identified Seed (Yellow Tag.): There is a strong market for native plant materials, but there may not be certified ecotypes available due to a lack of breeding, low supply, or high cost to produce, or unreliable demand. In most cases, native plant material should be acquired from harvest areas with the same or higher latitude of the area of intended use. State seed laws only require that the actual state of origin be on the label. To receive seed from the area you designate, it is advisable to request `'Source Identified Seed" in order to ensure that a certification agency has verified the exact location from which the seed was harvested. Source [dentified certification is in place in Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming and Montana. Yellow tags do not guarantee that the seed is free obnoxious weeds. Buyers should refer to the vendor's label for analysis and weed content, or better yet, test the seed themselves. Harvesting, Local Seed Plant species commonly display considerable site adaptation and variability. Thus seed collected far fronit its eventual planting site often does less well than seed of the same species collected closer to the planting site. Most professional seed suppliers record the collection site, and it may be possible to choose seed that is from locally adapted plants. If such seed is not available, the possibility of contracting with collectors to obtain local seed should be investigated. NPR Reclamation Plan 7 May 2006 Seed Testing Testing seed is the only way to insure the quality of the seed (purity and viability) and that no undesirable species are present. Purity tests will show the percentages of -crop, weed and inert matter (material other than seed such as steins or chaff), and show if the percentage of each species in the rnix meets the standards ordered. The terms germination and viability are sometimes used interchangeably, but do not have the same meaning. A germination test will determine how seeds perforin under favorable conditions; however, some seeds are dormant and do not germinate even though they are still alive. Dormant seeds have the potential to eenniinate i f dormancy is broken, usually through time and or physiological stimulus. A viability test will show the sum of the percent germinated and percent dormant seeds in a seed lot, providing information on the potential germination of the lot. Proper seed sarnpling is very important. The test results received can be no better than the sample sent in. Samples should be sent to a seed lab that tests according to the standards established by the National Association of Official Seed Certification Analysts. Inoculation of Legumes Most legume seeds should be treated with commercially available Rhr:obiwn inoculants to ensure that they are able to make best advantage of their capabilities for nitrogen fixation. Legumes included in seed mixes are: American Vetch, Cicer's Milkvetch, Sainfoin, and Utah Sweetvetch. Inoculation of Sterile Soils Arbuscular mycorrhiza (fungi) are components of live topsoil and form symbiotic relationships with plant roots. There are two types and they are especially critical for plants in infertile soils or drought prone areas such as those found on NPR. In most cases on NPR, endomycorrhiza should be used to inoculate the soil since this is the type of fungi that associates with herbaceous and broadleafed woody plants. 1f coniferous species such as pinyon pine, Utah juniper. or Douglas fir are prescribed in reclamation, an ectornycorrhizal fungi would also be desirable. Improperly stored topsoil and areas with little or no topsoil should be treated with commercial tnycorrhiza (Barrow, 1995). Mycorrihizal inoculants are available in two forms: as a granular form for application during seeding, and as a powder for coating of seeds prior to seeding. Granular forms are typically applied at a rate of 20 lbs,'acre and powder inoculents are applied to the seed at a rate of 1 lbs;acre. When broadcast seeded, the granular form must be incorporated into the soil with seed by harrowing. Determination of Pure Live Seed (PLS) Ratio Before a seed application rate can be determined it is necessary to determine the percentage of pure live seed (pis) in the supplied seed. Seed may contain weed seed, seed of other species, chaff, sand, and other inert material, and broken seeds. PLS equals the percent purity times the percent gerrnination. Most species are sold on a PLS basis. with the price adjusted accordingly. When given a choice between buying on a PLS or bulk basis, PLS is always preferable. Less NPR Reclamation Plan 8 May 2006 expensive seeds with lower purity and germination may actual l cost more on a PLS basis than more expensive seed. SEED MIXTURE RECOMMENDATIONS The following seed mixtures include native grasses that 1) provide good soil protection. 2) are not overly competitive to alloy, native forbs and shrubs to repopulate disturbed areas, and are commercially available in quantities for small acreage projects. Mountain big sagebrush is not included in the mixture as it is expected to repopulate disturbance from undisturbed stands (anticipated disturbances are small 'linear). Sagebrush also requires a different seeding strategy (broadcast on frozen soil or on early snow cover). Activities that result in removal of areas greater than 5 acres of sagebrush, and are not within 100 feet of sagebrush to provide seed source may need to have sagebrush included in the seed mixture. Recommended Seed Mix for Upper Zone Disturbances Species Variety (cultivar) 1 Seeding Rate (PLS*/Ac) Grasses Slender Vi, 'ilea tgr:lti, San Luis 3.0 lbs Mountain Brome _ Garnet 2.0 Ibs. Nodding Brome 2.0 lbs Idaho Fescue or Letterrnan's Needlegrass 1.0 lbs l'orbs Rocky Mtn. Penstemon 1.0 lbs Cicer Milkvetch 1.0 lbs Utah Sweetvetch 1.0 lbs Western Yarrow 0.5 lbs American Vetch 1.0 lbs Shrubs Antelope Bitterbrush 2.0 lbs *Pure Live Seed Total 14.5 lbslplsfac NPR Reclamation Plan 9 May 2006 Recommended Seed Mix for Middle Zone Disturbances Species Variety (eultivar) Seeding Rate (PLS*fAc) [Grass -_ Western 41, heatarass Arriba Slender Wheatrays San Luis 1 3.0 lbs Bluebunch Wlieatgrass or Beardless Bluebunch P-7 preferred, Goldar Anatone. or Whitmar 2.0 Ibs 2.0 Ibs Thickspike V4`heatgrass Critana f 2.0 lbs Indian Rice�,rass � Rignrock Scarlet Globemallow 1.0 lbs _ Fortis 1.0 Ibs Rocky NItn. Pcnstemon _ _ 1.0 lbs Utah Swcctvetch 0.5 lbs Shrubs _ 1.0 lbs Western Yarrow 1.0 lbs Four -wing Saltbush 0.5 lbs Cicer Milk vetch Gardner Saltbush andior Shadscale Saltbush _ 1.0 lbs American Vetch Total 14.5 Ibs plslac 1.0 lbs Shrubs Antelope Bitterbrush 1.0 lbs Mountain Mahogany 1.0 Ibs Four -wing Saltbush Rincon 1.0 lbs *Pure Live Seed Total 15.5 lbs plslac Recommended Seed Mix for Lower Zone Disturbances Species Variety (cultivar) Seeding Rate (PLS*/Ac) G rasses Western 41, heatarass Arriba 3.0 Ibs _ Needle -and -Thread Grass_ 1.0 lbs Thickspike Vv'heatgrass Critana 2.0 Ibs Indian Ricegrass Ritnrock 2.0 lbs Bluebunch Wheatgrass or Beardless Bluebunch P7 preferred, Goldar, Anatone or Whitmar 1.0 lbs Forbs Scarlet Globemallow 0.5 Ibs Utah Sw-eetvetclh 1.0 Ibs _Cicer Milk'eteh 0.5 tbs Lewis Flax 0.5 lbs Shrubs _ Rubber rabbitbrush 1.0 lbs Four -wing Saltbush V1/4W tuna_ 1.0 lbs Gardner Saltbush andior Shadscale Saltbush _ 1.0 lbs *Pure Live Seed Total 14.5 Ibs plslac NPR Reclamation Plan I() May 2006 Recommended Seed Mix for Lower Zone_Riparian Disturbances Species Variety (eultivar) Seeding Rate (PLS*/Ac) Grasses Western Wheatgrass Arriha 3.0 lbs. Bluebuneh Wheatirass P-7 2.0 lbs. Basin Wildrye Magnar ?.0 Canby Bluegrrass Can lar 0.5 Forbs Western Yarrow 0.5 Utah Sweetvetch I.0 Scarlet globernallow 0.5 Shrubs Fourwing saltbush 1.0 Skunkbush Sumac 0.5 *Pure Live Seed Total 11.0 lbs/pls/acre Attached as an Appendix is the table Reclamation Seed Mix Preferred Species for North Parachute Ranch Plant Communities, EnCana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. listing potential species suitable for reclamation work on NPR. The list is provided to account for site diversity, unstable prices and availability of plants useful for reclamation. The table can be used to replace a single. unavailable species or to develop a complete seed inix. Of great importance is the soil texture adaptation information in the Appendix. Species with wide ranges of tolerance (i.e., species with adaptation ratings of mostly twos and threes) should be selected whenever possible. it is necessary to adjust the total number of seeds planted per square foot to precipitation, soil moisture and texture, slope and aspect. In the Lower Zone and riparian terraces fewer total seeds per square foot will likely yield better results if seedling plants are not over-whelnied by total numbers of plants. In the Middle Zone of NPR, more seeds can be planted due to generally higher precipitation and better soils in localized areas, while Upper Zone precipitation and deeper soils will successfully sustain higher numbers of seedlings per square foot. Grasses have consistently performed better than (orbs or shrubs in land reclamation. More species of grasses should be in a mix than forbs or shrubs except in the case of shrub -only plantings Species selected and the number of seeds per square foot allocated to that species are based on soil, zone, and experience in similar situations with other plantings. Generally, Lower Zone and riparian area recipes should have fewer species of plants in the mix, e.g. three grasses, one forb and one shrub for a total of five species in the mix. Middle Zone mixes should have a moderate number of species of plants in a mix, e.g. four grasses, two forbs and one shrub species for a total of seven species in a mix. Upper zones can have as many as nine species in a mix including four grasses, two or three forbs and two or three shrubs. Reclamation Monitoring Success of revegetation should be judged on the effectiveness of the vegetation for the post - development land use of the property, and the extent ofcover compared to the cover occurring in natural vegetation of the area. Projected cover of desirable species should be based on cover NPR Reclamation Plan I l May 2006 measured in undisturbed reference areas (not including non-native, invasive specks such as noxious weeds). A Natural Reference area for each zone should be established in order to measure the success of reclamation. Transects would be established in each zone establish for representative plant communities to enable biologists to determine if desirable species have been successfully established., and if they provide sufficient aerial cover to adequately protect the site from erosion and invasive weeds. Reclamation Monitoring will provide evidence of whether a self-sustaining plant community has been established and whether vegetative processes such as reproduction and seedling establishment are occurring Transects in late spring and late summer will provide identification and contribution of most if not all dominant plants found on NPR (Ferchau, 1973). Monitoring results can be compared to studies conducted for oil shale projects in the 1970's. 'Ferchau. [973 covers the ExxonMobil property adjacent to much cat NPR lands. Environmental studies conducted on NPR by previous owner Union Oil of California should be located and could serve as reference information. Weeds The need to cooperate with adjoining landowners, especially those upstream, to reduce and control invasion of noxious weeds is imperative. Two species, Canada Thistle and Floundstongue are currently invading undisturbed NPR lands on the East and West Forks of Parachute Creek from adjoining private and public lands. Cncana needs the cooperation and assistance from adjoining landowners to control this serious problem. A separate integrated vegetation and noxious weed management plan listing and locating al] known populations of noxious weeds on NPR is in preparation. NPR Reclamation Plan 17 May 2006 Representatie views of current conditions reflect the diversity of plant communities on NPR. Upper Zone Ridgetop Shrublands Lower Zone Benches East Fork Parachute Creek Riparian NPR Reclamation Plan Middle Zone cliffs, colluvium, harsh slope and aspect Riparian Woodlands Below West Fork Falls. [3 May 2006 Cross Reference of Names of Plant Species used in Document Common Name Scientific Name Grasses/Grass Like Basin Wildrye Let'nws c•ittereus Bluebunch Wheatgrass_ Beardless Pseudoroe•neria s.icata ss _ iner'nis Bluebunch Vhea.tgrass, Bearded Pseudoroegneria spicata ssp. spicata Blue \ ildrye E/v,ntt.s glazrcus Bottlebrush Squirreltail Eltmus elvmoides Canada thistle Cirsium arvense Columbia Needlegrass .Achnatheruin nelsonii ssp. clover` Elk Sedge Carex geyeri Green Needlegrass i assellcr viridula I-Ioundstongue Cvnoglossum o/ficinale Idaho Fescue Eestuc a idahoensis Indian Ricegrass ,,Ichnatherum hvmenoides Letterman Needlegrass .4chrratherum letter-nranii Mountain Brorne Brotnus tnarginatus Needle & Thread Grass Hesperostipa cornatcr ssp. comata Nodding Brome tromps anoinultts Prairie Junegrass Koeleria cristata Sandberg Bluegrass Poa sandbeisgii Slender Wheatgrass El1.!nus tract vcctulus ssp. trachvcaulus - Thickspike Wheatgrass Elytnus lanceolatus ssp. Ianceolatus VVestern Wheatgrass Pascopvrum snaithii Fortis American Vetch Vicki c-tmericanct Arrowleaf Balsa:moot Balsamorrhi:a sagitata Cicer Milkvetch,-4stra,�alus cicer Fringed sagebrush (half-shrub) Artemisia f igida Lewis Blue Flax Lburin lewisii Longleaf Phlox Phlox longifolia Man flowered Phlox Phlox Mil !Mara Mountain Lupine Lupines argentous ssp. rubricaulis Rocky Mountain Penstemon Penstemon str°ictus Sainfoin Onobl ychis vicii/blia Scarlet Globemallow Sphaeralcea coccinea Scarlet Indian Paintbrush Castilleja !niniatct Silky Lupine Lupinus sericeus Stiverleat Lupine Lupinus argenteus Small Burnet Sanguisorba minor Sulfur Buckwheat Eriogonum urrabellaturn Thickleaf Penstemon Penstemon pachvphvllus Utah Sweetvetch Hedvsartttrr horeale Watson Penstemon Penstemon -4.astonii Western Yarrow Achillea lantllosa NPR Reclamation Plan 14 Nlay 2006 Western Yarrow .-Ichillea ,Mille/olium stip. occidentalis 1 Wyoming, inr Indian Paintbrush Casrilleja linariaefbliu Shrubs _ Antelope Bitt rbrush Prtr_shiet tridental,' Big Sagebrush, Basin Artemisia tridertratassp. tridentcrta B i EI Sagebrush, Mountain Artemisia tridentate ssp. vasevarra Big Sagebrush, Wyoming, :Artemisia tridentata ssp. lvvo ningensis - Brootn Snakeweed - Xanthocephalum sarotlrrae C:iokecherry" Prunus virginiana Four -wing Saltbush Atriplex canescens Gambol Oak Quercus gambelii _ Gardner Saltbush Atriplex gardneri Low Rabbitbrush ChrvsotlrctrrMIS s'iscidi_'llorus Mountain Snowberry - - - Svrphoricarpos oreophitiis Red Elderberry - Sambucus racernosa Rubber Rabbitbrush Ericameria nauseosirs ssp. nuuseosus Skunkbush Sumac Rhus trilobata ssp. trilobata Shadscale Atriplex confer -0)W Utah Serviceberry .4inehmehier= utahensis Wintertat 1 rcrschenint+ikot•ia Janata Trees Box Elder Aer A?;condo Douglas Fir Psettdotsttga neenesii NarrowleafCottonwood _ Poprrlus angustifolia NPR Reclamation Plain 15\iav 2006 REFERENCES Alstatt, David K. 2003. Soil Survey of Douglas -Plateau Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa County, US Dept. Ag., NRCS, 355 pp., 46 \lap hcets. Barrow, J.R., and Bobby D. McCaslin, 1995. Role of microbes in resource management in arid ecosystems. In: Barrow, 9.R., E.D. McArthur, R.E. Sosebee, and Tausch, Robin J., comps. 1996, Proceedings: Shrubland ecosystem dynamics in a changing. environment. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT -GTR -338. Ogden, UT: USDA, Forest Service.. intermountain Res. Sta.. 275 pp. Colorado Natural Areas Program. 1998. Native Plant Re -vegetation Guide for Colorado_ Caring For the Land Series, Vol. 111, State of Colo.. Division of Parks and Outdoor Rec.. Dept. Nat. Res., Denver, 258 pp. Ferchau. Hugo, 1973. Vegetative Inventory Analysis and Impact Study of the Parachute Creek Area, Garfield County. Colorado. Chap. VI In: The Colony Environmental Study, Parachute Creek, Garfield County, Colorado. Vol. 111, Thome Ecological Institute, Boulder. 77pp. Fox, Charles J.. H.D. Burke. J.R. Mcirman, and J.L. Retzer, 1973. Soils Inventory Analysis and Impact Study of the Colony Property — Garfield County, CO. Chap. III. In: The Colony Environmental Study. Parachute Creek, Garfield County, CO.. Vol. til. Thorne Eco. Inst.. Boulder, 52 pp. Granite Seed Company, 2004, Granite Seed Catalog. Granite Seed Company. 1697 West 21011 North, Lehi. UT 84043, 89 pp. McNab, W.H. and P.E. Avers, 1996. Ecological Subregions of the United States. USDA Forest Service. http://www.fs.fed.us/landipubs/ecoregions+. Washington. D.C. Sirota, Judith, 2003. Best management practices for the noxious weeds of Mesa County, Colorado. Tri River Area, CSU Coop.Ext., Grand Junction, CO. World wide web publication at: littp://www,colostate.edu'Depts,CoopExt:'TRAlindex.html#main.html USDA, NRCS. 2006. The PLANTS Database, 6 March 2006 (http://plants.usda.20\ ). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. NPR Reclamation Plan 16 May 2006 Appendix A Reclamation Seed Mix Preferred Species for North Parachute Ranch Plant Communities, EnCana Oil & Cos (USA) Inc. This table is provided fur flexibility in the field to adjust seed mixes to site conditions, cost and availability. To create a custom seed nix tur NPR. first determine the zone which will establish the total number of species in the inix and total number of seeds/tt'targeted for the zone, i.e., 25 saedslf't' and 5 or 6 species for Lower Zone. 35 for Middle Zone, and 500 seeds/ft- and up to 9 species tbr Upper Zone (see recommended seed inix section of reportl. Next, deteritiine the species and the desired nttinber of seeds of that species in the mix. For example,. in a inix fir the Upper Zone, select 8or 9 species rind itllucatc the number ofsecds of each species desired in the seed mix. (For example, in a 50 seed/ft' seed inix, each specie could be allocated in the tollowiitg manner. Grass A — K seeds/ft', Grass L3 — 8 Seeds/ft', [bass C = 7 seeds/11', Grass i) - 7 seeds/ft-, 1{orb L - 5 seeds/It', 1 orb F = 5 seeds/112, Shrub G — 5 seeds/ft', Shrub I1 = 5 seeds/it' ). Then, use the following formula: Target no. seedsl1t2 (e.g. 50) = No. seeds of each species X 43560 (ft`/ac) = total no. seeds of each species /ac Total no. seeds °tcaeh species/at:Mo. seeds/Ib_ of that species — Total lbs. of PLS of the species in the inix/ac Continue for each species, Titeii, add lbs of PLS (leach species ! Total Lbs. of Mix/ac For percent by species in mix, Total lbs. ofeacli species/Total lbs. of seed mix = Percent of each species in mix. Common Niiilu' 1'#nruiriral iVa,te Cultivarsn Soil Adaptation Texture { Comments un ilahiis Soils, Other laeturs Seeds/Lb. CustILb.N[>'.. PIN �'lr�i,2 f.hs. P1.4 / Acre fn in Nlix Tutt at Seeds/ft!See !jinx rev. 251 i2 needed I'i�tat6 sill,'Seeds/ 'tr,35/1-V Fowl t. (o, :10/ t2 Tutsi C MCIM�Ml^ 1: Grasses1' Indian r11egrtss . ic'/u,ailh'r um hyme,oides Nezpar i 3 1 0 ,1... planting depth in sandy 141,0011 I'uknn i - ttiinroek Desert Needlegrass Aclotatlrerrwn speeiosl[PU ? 3 3 1 0 150,000 Mountain Brume llrrirri IN riirtrginants li rutnar 0 1 3 3 I Shure lived 90,000 Garnet '1'liu,kspike 1YIteatgralss Eh/um luiiceotatu.' ltrlr['t'riltirl[.s1 Bannock 7 3 7 11 Strongly i`lniont., In lived. +nil iitnnrrl 154 ,11110 t ntanii Schtweniliivar Inland salty -ass Dix/hit/is .vitsictriti U t ? 3 3 1 -or strongly saline sites 520,1.00 till anlll:tnk wile:tlgra f it'rrrrr.4' lti►re'eu/utrr.4' p,tiwiisiuiphilus Sodar 0 1 3 Strongly ran%t4nit•., ttrtfiiglli tolerant 15€1,U00 Slender 1Vhealgrass Owns t. tiaehwraerlris lids I'riivar, 1 2 3 2 0 Short-lived 159,000 - Pryor Revenue San Luis 3 • / E S § § § ==-- ƒ _ } Jr } $/ - \ / e / tin } § , 4 — x• — ) \ r. 2 1 r. r- n \ $ r, 74, Q r. tern sweetvelch C'unimmi Name' linturricrr! Name rr Cultivars Suii'I'extur'e 1ei• itatiErtit' I Comments on habits, Soils, 011ier factors Seeds/Lb. Custil.b. NO. PLS lh't.' I. hs. PLS/ %ere % in Mix `- Tbd at time needed Sc .t.1 IIt.' u 3511-e I 0( II _ el. 4t cr' iwtFi' Total _ ti `eLlslli. a 5{lll'r2 t utal C MC M MF F A r rar 1 3 3 1 0 293,000 -- Blue flax Linton lrlvis°Ji Ikrarrie Aster i ii1L'Jttrerrrrtflrei`Ct nniricerrl(rlitt i ® 2 1 0 496,000 --- ''Sainlioirl (I,ujhrticiris r'icii/itlict Fsk[ 0 2 3 2 fl: onbluatiag legume 30,000 --� keinont------ Itocky Mtn. Penstenion Pcrr:ste►nlint .viricIttY Bander!' 1 ® 3 0 0 592,000 ---�- AStnall boniest S mt.-,iiisorha rnirtor Delar 1 2 3 ® 0 Nonbloaring legume 55,000 --�-- Scsrket lubrniJlluw Srfruerrtlt ctr c t►c c irtetr 2 3 © 2 1 500,4100 Hairy vetch ]art tet vilkr_sct 0 1 3 7 I Short-lived, UL1CI I'etEE man 1-ilve ure 20,000 V 7 �- American vetch Vivid americana I 2 3 2 Non -bloating legume 33,000 Shrubs Basin big siit�ekiruslt .4rternes�iu tridentata widenturrr tl 2 3 2 (1 2,500,000 Mountain bi / sagebrush 4. 1. ratif't'[rrrrd Hubble Creek 0 , 3 ? 0 2,500,000 �. 4. 1. lvvaminizensis Gurdon Creek m 3 3 1 01 2,500,0011 Foarwingsalibuslt Shadscale Atli fesc•aue_vc'en.v /Ur i ilex eon/erti/idicr 3 0 3 ? 3 3 3 3 fl 52,000 (14,900 —� Gardner scrlibush .4ui Vex ,gardneri t1 1 ® 3 111,500 Curl-lea!' Into Ma 110 ' t) Ct°t ['11L`trr 3rr:S r{L`r�r�81ltt1.y 3 0 30,000 Rubber rallbitbrnslr L'►`icxrrrrerirt rirrrrvec►.vrt.a .v° f T. 2 3 3 2 400,000 Low rabbilbruslt Clrr_tyvt►thanrrrri.s i.ivcicJillt r•rr.i I 3 3 2 1 782,000 �-- `Vinterlal lir cr.vclrerrirtrtirrlict haunt/ Hatch ? 3 3 ? 56,700 Skunkbush sumac Rios trilobata trilobata 2 3 3 I 0 20,300 13itlerbrush # rushia rr-iclerrtura Lassen 1 3 3 '2 0 15,000 --�-- "Species so smirked are introduced, all others are native. 4C'ultivars are a variety of a plant developed from a natural species and maintained under cultivation while retaining distinguishing characteristics. Cultivars may or may not be in production and are therefore lrnavailabile. Soil 'Texture adaptation. C= coarse, MC' = moderately coarse, M — medium, MF = moderately fine. F = line. 0= not adapted, 1 = marginal, 2 = average, 3 = best (Granite Seed, 2004). "Pure Live Seed per square toot desired in planting for the species selected. Target number of total seeds/112 is 25/ft2 for Lower Zone and riparian zone, 35111' for Middle Zone, and 50/11' total for Upper Zone plantings. Cool season and bunch grass unless otherwise noted in comments (i.e. sod forming or warm season). Nontributary Groundwater Formation Details Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 PRODUCED NONTRIBUTARY GROUND WATER NARRATIVE The Produced Nontributary Ground Water Rules (2 CCR 402-17) and supporting appendices, herein referred to as Rules, identify certain geologic areas, locations, and formations within the State of Colorado where the State Engineer shall regard produced ground waters removed from geologic formations to facilitate or permit mining of minerals to be nontributary, thus exempting wells in these areas from water well permit requirements. For further background, purpose, and final Rules documentation please refer to the State Engineer's website (link below): http://water. state.co.us/groundwater/GWAdmin/NontribGW/Archive/Pages/NontribGWF inalRules.aspx Find attached a list detailing the producing formation(s) for all existing natural gas wells currently being gathered back to Encana's Middle Fork Compressor Station (MFCS), along with companion maps showing well locations relative to the geographically delineated areas defined within Rule 17.7.D under which the ground water in certain formations is considered nontributary. Virtually all of Encana's producing wells in the vicinity of MFCS (and MFWRF) are producing out of the William's Fork formation, and all are clearly within the boundaries delineating nontributary status. 6 6N 91W 6 3S 88W 6 5S 88W 6 1S 92W 6 7N 88W 61 _6 2 62 W 6 7N 103W 6 2S'103W 6 5S 103W 5W ` 6 7S 104W 6 7N 102W 6 5S 102W LEGEND Non Tributary GW Middle_Lower Wasatch Fm Non Tributary GW Morrison FM Non Tributary GW Wm Fork Non Tributary GW Iles Fm Non Tributary GW Mancos Fm Non Tributary GW Dakota Fm Wells to Middle Fork facility 6 7N 99W 6 6N 99W 6 3N 99W 6 7N 98W 6 7N 97W 6 6N 97W 6 7N 96W 6 6N 96W 6 7N 95W 6 6N 95W 6 7N 94W 6 6N 94W 6 4N 94\NN .63N94W :` 63N94W 6 7N 93W 6 6N 93W 6 5N 93W :'•\\• 6 7N 92W 6 7N 91W 6 6N 92W 6 4N 93W 6 3N 93W 6 1S 93W 6 10S 99W 31 1N 1E 6 6 8S 97W 6 2S 93W 6 3S 93W 6 4N 92W 6 3N 92W 6 7N 90W 6 7N 89W 6 7N 89W 6 6N 89W 6 4N 91W 6 2N 92VV 6 2S 92W 6 3S 92W 6 4S 92W 6 5S 93W 6-5; #04t .VritireM 44 •► .eI 6 4N 90VV 6 1N 91W 6 1S 91W 6 2S 91W 6 3S 91W 6 4S 91W 6 3N 90W Aritz 6 4N 89W 6 3N 89W 1 6 1N 90W 6 1S 90W 6 2S 90W 6 3S 90W 6 4S 90W 6 6N 88W 6 5N 88W 6 4N 88W 6 3N 88W 6 3N 88W 6 1N 89W 6 1S 89W 6 1N 88W 6 1S 88W 6 7N 87W 6 6N 87W 6 6N 86 6 5N 87W 6 4N 87W 6 4N 6 3N 87W 6 3N 8 6 3N 87W 6 3N : 6 2N 87W 6 2N 6 1N 87W 6 1N 6 2S 88W 6 3S 89W 6 4S 89W 6 4S 88W 4-.5W 6 5S 89W 6 1S 87W 6 1S : 6 2S 87W 6 6 3S 87W 6 6 6S 89W 6 10S'96W a1W 6 10S 90W 6 10• 6 7S 89W 6 8S 89W 6 8S 89W 9W — 69S89W W 6 11S 98W 311S2E 31 2S 2E 6 2S 9 6 12S 94W 6 12S 92W 611S91W 611 6 12S 91W 6 12 •1W 611S90W 91W 6 12S 90W 6 4S 87W 6 5S 87W 6 6 6S 88W 6 7S 88W 6 8S 88W 6 8S 88W 6 9S 88W 6 10S 88W 9W 6 11S 88W 6 6S 87W 6 7S 87W 6 8S 87W 'S 8 O 6 6S 87W 6 7S 87W 6 8S 87W 6 8S 87W 6 9S 87W 6 10S 87W natural .as iM Non Tributary GW Middle_Lower Wasatch Fm Non Tributary GW Morrison FM Non Tributary GW Wm Fork Q Non Tributary GW Iles Fm Non Tributary GW Mancos Fm Q Non Tributary GW Dakota Fm Wells to Middle Fork facility ti � i', r 4 Fe�a.. `ff Fo'.fi .v.••'�f' f}.f. i �.• r .�o', • "...;,±;"` NRCS Soils Report Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP OkOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 USDA United States Department of Agr culture 4 \KS Natural Resources Conservation Service A product of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, a joint effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local participants Custom Soil Resource Report for Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP December 14, 2012 Preface Soil surveys contain information that affects land use planning in survey areas. They highlight soil limitations that affect various land uses and provide information about the properties of the soils in the survey areas. Soil surveys are designed for many different users, including farmers, ranchers, foresters, agronomists, urban planners, community officials, engineers, developers, builders, and home buyers. Also, conservationists, teachers, students, and specialists in recreation, waste disposal, and pollution control can use the surveys to help them understand, protect, or enhance the environment. Various land use regulations of Federal, State, and local governments may impose special restrictions on land use or land treatment. Soil surveys identify soil properties that are used in making various land use or land treatment decisions. The information is intended to help the land users identify and reduce the effects of soil limitations on various land uses. The landowner or user is responsible for identifying and complying with existing laws and regulations. Although soil survey information can be used for general farm, local, and wider area planning, onsite investigation is needed to supplement this information in some cases. Examples include soil quality assessments (http://soils.usda.gov/sqi/) and certain conservation and engineering applications. For more detailed information, contact your local USDA Service Center (http://offices.sc.egov.usda.gov/locator/app? agency=nrcs) or your NRCS State Soil Scientist (http://soils.usda.gov/contact/ state_offices/). Great differences in soil properties can occur within short distances. Some soils are seasonally wet or subject to flooding. Some are too unstable to be used as a foundation for buildings or roads. Clayey or wet soils are poorly suited to use as septic tank absorption fields. A high water table makes a soil poorly suited to basements or underground installations. The National Cooperative Soil Survey is a joint effort of the United States Department of Agriculture and other Federal agencies, State agencies including the Agricultural Experiment Stations, and local agencies. The Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) has leadership for the Federal part of the National Cooperative Soil Survey. Information about soils is updated periodically. Updated information is available through the NRCS Soil Data Mart Web site or the NRCS Web Soil Survey. The Soil Data Mart is the data storage site for the official soil survey information. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means 2 for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. 3 Contents Preface 2 How Soil Surveys Are Made 6 Soil Map 8 Soil Map (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 9 Legend 10 Map Unit Legend (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 11 Map Unit Descriptions (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 11 Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties 13 36—Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes 13 38—Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes 13 48—Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes 15 52—Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes 16 53—Parachute-Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes 16 61—Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes 18 63—Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes 19 Soil Information for All Uses 20 Suitabilities and Limitations for Use 20 Building Site Development 20 Corrosion of Concrete (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 20 Corrosion of Steel (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 23 Local Roads and Streets (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 26 Construction Materials 31 Sand Source (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 31 Topsoil Source (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 35 Land Classifications 39 Ecological Site ID: NRCS Rangeland Site (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 39 Land Management 42 Erosion Hazard (Off -Road, Off -Trail) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 43 Mechanical Site Preparation (Surface) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 47 Water Management 50 Excavated Ponds (Aquifer -Fed) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 51 Pond Reservoir Areas (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 54 Soil Properties and Qualities 60 Soil Qualities and Features 60 Depth to Any Soil Restrictive Layer (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 60 Drainage Class (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 63 Hydrologic Soil Group (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 66 Parent Material Name (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 70 Representative Slope (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 73 Unified Soil Classification (Surface) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 76 Water Features 80 Depth to Water Table (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 80 Flooding Frequency Class (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 85 Soil Reports 89 4 Custom Soil Resource Report AOI Inventory 89 Component Legend (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 89 Building Site Development 90 Roads and Streets, Shallow Excavations, and Lawns and Landscaping (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 90 Land Classifications 93 Taxonomic Classification of the Soils (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 94 Soil Chemical Properties 95 Chemical Soil Properties (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 95 Soil Physical Properties 99 Physical Soil Properties (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 99 Soil Qualities and Features 105 Soil Features (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 105 Water Features 109 Water Features (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 109 Water Management 113 Ponds and Embankments (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 113 References 117 Glossary 119 5 How Soil Surveys Are Made Soil surveys are made to provide information about the soils and miscellaneous areas in a specific area. They include a description of the soils and miscellaneous areas and their location on the landscape and tables that show soil properties and limitations affecting various uses. Soil scientists observed the steepness, length, and shape of the slopes; the general pattern of drainage; the kinds of crops and native plants; and the kinds of bedrock. They observed and described many soil profiles. A soil profile is the sequence of natural layers, or horizons, in a soil. The profile extends from the surface down into the unconsolidated material in which the soil formed or from the surface down to bedrock. The unconsolidated material is devoid of roots and other living organisms and has not been changed by other biological activity. Currently, soils are mapped according to the boundaries of major land resource areas (MLRAs). MLRAs are geographically associated land resource units that share common characteristics related to physiography, geology, climate, water resources, soils, biological resources, and land uses (USDA, 2006). Soil survey areas typically consist of parts of one or more MLRA. The soils and miscellaneous areas in a survey area occur in an orderly pattern that is related to the geology, landforms, relief, climate, and natural vegetation of the area. Each kind of soil and miscellaneous area is associated with a particular kind of landform or with a segment of the landform. By observing the soils and miscellaneous areas in the survey area and relating their position to specific segments of the landform, a soil scientist develops a concept, or model, of how they were formed. Thus, during mapping, this model enables the soil scientist to predict with a considerable degree of accuracy the kind of soil or miscellaneous area at a specific location on the landscape. Commonly, individual soils on the landscape merge into one another as their characteristics gradually change. To construct an accurate soil map, however, soil scientists must determine the boundaries between the soils. They can observe only a limited number of soil profiles. Nevertheless, these observations, supplemented by an understanding of the soil -vegetation -landscape relationship, are sufficient to verify predictions of the kinds of soil in an area and to determine the boundaries. Soil scientists recorded the characteristics of the soil profiles that they studied. They noted soil color, texture, size and shape of soil aggregates, kind and amount of rock fragments, distribution of plant roots, reaction, and other features that enable them to identify soils. After describing the soils in the survey area and determining their properties, the soil scientists assigned the soils to taxonomic classes (units). Taxonomic classes are concepts. Each taxonomic class has a set of soil characteristics with precisely defined limits. The classes are used as a basis for comparison to classify soils systematically. Soil taxonomy, the system of taxonomic classification used in the United States, is based mainly on the kind and character of soil properties and the arrangement of horizons within the profile. After the soil scientists classified and named the soils in the survey area, they compared the 6 Custom Soil Resource Report individual soils with similar soils in the same taxonomic class in other areas so that they could confirm data and assemble additional data based on experience and research. The objective of soil mapping is not to delineate pure map unit components; the objective is to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. Each map unit is defined by a unique combination of soil components and/or miscellaneous areas in predictable proportions. Some components may be highly contrasting to the other components of the map unit. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The delineation of such landforms and landform segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas. Soil scientists make many field observations in the process of producing a soil map. The frequency of observation is dependent upon several factors, including scale of mapping, intensity of mapping, design of map units, complexity of the landscape, and experience of the soil scientist. Observations are made to test and refine the soil - landscape model and predictions and to verify the classification of the soils at specific locations. Once the soil -landscape model is refined, a significantly smaller number of measurements of individual soil properties are made and recorded. These measurements may include field measurements, such as those for color, depth to bedrock, and texture, and laboratory measurements, such as those for content of sand, silt, clay, salt, and other components. Properties of each soil typically vary from one point to another across the landscape. Observations for map unit components are aggregated to develop ranges of characteristics for the components. The aggregated values are presented. Direct measurements do not exist for every property presented for every map unit component. Values for some properties are estimated from combinations of other properties. While a soil survey is in progress, samples of some of the soils in the area generally are collected for laboratory analyses and for engineering tests. Soil scientists interpret the data from these analyses and tests as well as the field -observed characteristics and the soil properties to determine the expected behavior of the soils under different uses. Interpretations for all of the soils are field tested through observation of the soils in different uses and under different levels of management. Some interpretations are modified to fit local conditions, and some new interpretations are developed to meet local needs. Data are assembled from other sources, such as research information, production records, and field experience of specialists. For example, data on crop yields under defined levels of management are assembled from farm records and from field or plot experiments on the same kinds of soil. Predictions about soil behavior are based not only on soil properties but also on such variables as climate and biological activity. Soil conditions are predictable over long periods of time, but they are not predictable from year to year. For example, soil scientists can predict with a fairly high degree of accuracy that a given soil will have a high water table within certain depths in most years, but they cannot predict that a high water table will always be at a specific level in the soil on a specific date. After soil scientists located and identified the significant natural bodies of soil in the survey area, they drew the boundaries of these bodies on aerial photographs and identified each as a specific map unit. Aerial photographs show trees, buildings, fields, roads, and rivers, all of which help in locating boundaries accurately. 7 Soil Map The soil map section includes the soil map for the defined area of interest, a list of soil map units on the map and extent of each map unit, and cartographic symbols displayed on the map. Also presented are various metadata about data used to produce the map, and a description of each soil map unit. 8 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" 71 - OD OD 746400 7461700 Custom Soil Resource Report Soil Map (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 747000 747300 747600 747900 743,200 CO CO CO. WO CD CD CO CO i 0 0 CO CS)�{� % COM CO.0,1 CV ✓ -, 00 I J , O I .✓�. A SII CO O 71- 71- 0 0 CD CD CO CO 00 CO 6J I ~.' l O .. -6�co v 0+ OCO or O P O 0 COCD 746400 746700 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. Meters O 100 200 400 600 747300 Feet O 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747600 747900 748200 O 39' 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Special Point Features Blowout Borrow Pit Clay Spot Closed Depression Gravel Pit Gravelly Spot Landfill Lava Flow Marsh or swamp Mine or Quarry Miscellaneous Water Perennial Water Rock Outcrop Saline Spot Sandy Spot Severely Eroded Spot Sinkhole Slide or Slip Sodic Spot Spoil Area Stony Spot Very Stony Spot I, Wet Spot A Other Special Line Features Gully Short Steep Slope Other Political Features Cities 0 PLSS Township and Range PLSS Section Water Features Streams and Canals Transportation +++ Rails rwr Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads MAP INFORMATION Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Map Unit Legend (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes 29.9 3.7% 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes 22.1 2.8% 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes 26.7 3.4% 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes 165.8 20.8% 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes 422.1 52.9% 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes 88.4 11.1% 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Map Unit Descriptions (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit. A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils. Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not mentioned in the descriptions, especially 11 Custom Soil Resource Report where the pattern was so complex that it was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and miscellaneous areas on the landscape. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas. An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions. Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil properties and qualities. Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement. Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness, salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series. Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas. These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups. A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas. Alpha -Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example. An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar. Alpha - Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example. 12 Custom Soil Resource Report Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties 36—Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Map Unit Setting Elevation: 7,800 to 8,700 feet Map Unit Composition Irigul and similar soils: 85 percent Description of Irigul Setting Landform: Mountainsides, ridges Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank Down-slope shape: Convex Across -slope shape: Convex Parent material: Marl and/or residuum weathered from sandstone Properties and qualities Slope: 9 to 50 percent Depth to restrictive feature: 10 to 20 inches to lithic bedrock Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Maximum salinity: Nonsaline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water capacity: Very low (about 1.2 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Land capability (nonirrigated): 7e Hydrologic Soil Group: D Ecological site: Loamy Slopes (R048AY303C0) Typical profile 0 to 6 inches: Channery loam 6 to 17 inches: Extremely channery sandy clay loam 17 to 21 inches: Unweathered bedrock 38—Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes Map Unit Setting Elevation: 7,800 to 9,000 feet Map Unit Composition Irigul and similar soils: 55 percent Starman and similar soils: 30 percent 13 Custom Soil Resource Report Description of Irigul Setting Landform: Mountainsides, ridges Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank Down-slope shape: Convex Across -slope shape: Convex Parent material: Marl and/or residuum weathered from sandstone Properties and qualities Slope: 5 to 50 percent Depth to restrictive feature: 10 to 20 inches to lithic bedrock Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Maximum salinity: Nonsaline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water capacity: Very low (about 1.2 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Land capability (nonirrigated): 7e Hydrologic Soil Group: D Ecological site: Loamy Slopes (R048AY303C0) Typical profile 0 to 6 inches: Channery loam 6 to 17 inches: Extremely channery sandy clay loam 17 to 21 inches: Unweathered bedrock Description of Starman Setting Landform: Mountainsides, ridges Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank Down-slope shape: Convex Across -slope shape: Convex Parent material: Marl and/or residuum weathered from sandstone Properties and qualities Slope: 5 to 50 percent Depth to restrictive feature: 3 to 20 inches to lithic bedrock Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 10 percent Maximum salinity: Nonsaline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water capacity: Very low (about 1.6 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Land capability (nonirrigated): 7e 14 Custom Soil Resource Report Hydrologic Soil Group: D Ecological site: Dry Exposure (R048AY235C0) Typical profile 0 to 3 inches: Channery loam 3 to 13 inches: Extremely channery loam, very channery loam 13 to 17 inches: Unweathered bedrock 48—Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes Map Unit Setting Elevation: 7,600 to 8,400 feet Map Unit Composition Northwater and similar soils: 85 percent Description of Northwater Setting Landform: Mountainsides Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank Down-slope shape: Convex Across -slope shape: Convex Parent material: Residuum weathered from sedimentary rock Properties and qualities Slope: 15 to 65 percent Depth to restrictive feature: 40 to 60 inches to lithic bedrock Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Available water capacity: Moderate (about 6.3 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Land capability (nonirrigated): 7e Hydrologic Soil Group: B Typical profile 0 to 25 inches: Loam 25 to 50 inches: Very channery clay loam 50 to 54 inches: Unweathered bedrock 15 Custom Soil Resource Report 52—Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Map Unit Setting Elevation: 7,500 to 8,700 feet Map Unit Composition Parachute and similar soils: 85 percent Description of Parachute Setting Landform: Mountainsides Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank Down-slope shape: Concave Across -slope shape: Concave Parent material: Residuum weathered from sandstone Properties and qualities Slope: 25 to 65 percent Depth to restrictive feature: 20 to 40 inches to paralithic bedrock Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Available water capacity: Low (about 3.3 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Land capability (nonirrigated): 7e Hydrologic Soil Group: B Ecological site: Brushy Loam (R048AY238C0) Typical profile 0 to 5 inches: Loam 5 to 18 inches: Loam 18 to 29 inches: Extremely channery loam 29 to 33 inches: Unweathered bedrock 53—Parachute-Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Map Unit Setting Elevation: 7,600 to 8,600 feet Map Unit Composition Parachute and similar soils: 55 percent 16 Custom Soil Resource Report Rhone and similar soils: 30 percent Description of Parachute Setting Landform: Mountainsides, ridges Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank, mountaintop Down-slope shape: Convex Across -slope shape: Convex Parent material: Marl and/or residuum weathered from sandstone Properties and qualities Slope: 5 to 30 percent Depth to restrictive feature: 20 to 40 inches to paralithic bedrock Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Available water capacity: Low (about 3.3 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Land capability (nonirrigated): 6e Hydrologic Soil Group: B Ecological site: Mountain Loam (R048AY228C0) Typical profile 0 to 5 inches: Loam 5 to 18 inches: Loam 18 to 29 inches: Extremely channery loam 29 to 33 inches: Unweathered bedrock Description of Rhone Setting Landform: Mountainsides, ridges Landform position (three-dimensional): Mountainflank, mountaintop Down-slope shape: Convex Across -slope shape: Convex Parent material: Marl and/or residuum weathered from sandstone Properties and qualities Slope: 5 to 20 percent Depth to restrictive feature: 40 to 60 inches to paralithic bedrock Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Available water capacity: Moderate (about 6.2 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Land capability (nonirrigated): 6e Hydrologic Soil Group: B 17 Custom Soil Resource Report Ecological site: Mountain Loam (R048AY228C0) Typical profile 0 to 8 inches: Loam 8 to 28 inches: Sandy clay loam 28 to 52 inches: Very channery sandy clay loam 52 to 56 inches: Unweathered bedrock 61—Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Map Unit Setting Elevation: 7,600 to 8,600 feet Map Unit Composition Rhone and similar soils: 85 percent Description of Rhone Setting Landform: Ridges, mountainsides Landform position (three-dimensional) Down-slope shape: Convex Across -slope shape: Convex Parent material: Marl and/or residuum : Mountaintop, mountainflank weathered from sandstone Properties and qualities Slope: 30 to 70 percent Depth to restrictive feature: 40 to 60 inches to paralithic bedrock Drainage class: Well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Available water capacity: Moderate (about 6.2 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Land capability (nonirrigated): 7e Hydrologic Soil Group: B Ecological site: Brushy Loam (R048AY238C0) Typical profile 0 to 8 inches: Loam 8 to 28 inches: Sandy clay loam 28 to 52 inches: Very channery sandy clay loam 52 to 56 inches: Unweathered bedrock 18 Custom Soil Resource Report 63—Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Map Unit Setting Elevation: 7,600 to 8,300 feet Map Unit Composition Silas and similar soils: 90 percent Description of Silas Setting Landform: Valley floors Landform position (three-dimensional): Lower third of mountainflank Down-slope shape: Concave Across -slope shape: Concave Parent material: Marl and/or alluvium derived from sandstone Properties and qualities Slope: 3 to 12 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Moderately well drained Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high (0.60 to 6.00 in/hr) Depth to water table: About 48 to 72 inches Frequency of flooding: Occasional Frequency of ponding: None Maximum salinity: Nonsaline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water capacity: High (about 9.6 inches) Interpretive groups Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Land capability (nonirrigated): 6e Hydrologic Soil Group: B Ecological site: Mountain Swale (R048AY245C0) Typical profile 0 to 14 inches: Loam 14 to 60 inches: Loam Soil Information for All Uses Suitabilities and Limitations for Use The Suitabilities and Limitations for Use section includes various soil interpretations displayed as thematic maps with a summary table for the soil map units in the selected area of interest. A single value or rating for each map unit is generated by aggregating the interpretive ratings of individual map unit components. This aggregation process is defined for each interpretation. Building Site Development Building site development interpretations are designed to be used as tools for evaluating soil suitability and identifying soil limitations for various construction purposes. As part of the interpretation process, the rating applies to each soil in its described condition and does not consider present land use. Example interpretations can include corrosion of concrete and steel, shallow excavations, dwellings with and without basements, small commercial buildings, local roads and streets, and lawns and landscaping. Corrosion of Concrete (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) "Risk of corrosion" pertains to potential soil -induced electrochemical or chemical action that corrodes or weakens concrete. The rate of corrosion of concrete is based mainly on the sulfate and sodium content, texture, moisture content, and acidity of the soil. Special site examination and design may be needed if the combination of factors results in a severe hazard of corrosion. The concrete in installations that intersect soil boundaries or soil layers is more susceptible to corrosion than the concrete in installations that are entirely within one kind of soil or within one soil layer. The risk of corrosion is expressed as 'low," "moderate," or "high." 20 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" o 746.400 Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Corrosion of Concrete (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 746700 747.000 747.300 747.600 747`900 748;200 CO CO v v o 1 o a '. v o N _ N M - r� O JL- O O } O mLO CO COa oO o 0 co co co 'G f. � m 0 0 m rn v _.i •' _. v Ih o0yy o T - y1` - _ _ a o o oo r; rn V V o I O rn 746400 7461700 • 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. 747300 N Meters A 0 100 200 400 600 N Feet 0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747600 747900 748200 0 0 O 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 High n Moderate n Low Not rated or not available Political Features Cities PLSS Township and Range PLSS Section MAP INFORMATION Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 Water Features Streams and Canals This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Transportation +++ Rails "00 Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; 7/21/2005 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Table—Corrosion of Concrete (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Corrosion of Concrete— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Low 29.9 3.7% 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes Low 22.1 2.8% 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes Low 26.7 3.4% 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Low 165.8 20.8% 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Low 422.1 52.9% 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Low 88.4 11.1% 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Low 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Rating Options—Corrosion of Concrete (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff: None Specified Tie-break Rule: Higher Corrosion of Steel (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) "Risk of corrosion" pertains to potential soil -induced electrochemical or chemical action that corrodes or weakens uncoated steel. The rate of corrosion of uncoated steel is related to such factors as soil moisture, particle -size distribution, acidity, and electrical conductivity of the soil. Special site examination and design may be needed if the combination of factors results in a severe hazard of corrosion. The steel in installations that intersect soil boundaries or soil layers is more susceptible to corrosion than the steel in installations that are entirely within one kind of soil or within one soil layer. The risk of corrosion is expressed as "low," "moderate," or "high." 23 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" 746400 Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Corrosion of Steel (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 74'700 747000 747300 747600 7471900 748j200 o o 0 co co ,cr 71- t -I i 0 1 0 v t I1 i�• 1 _ 0, o - i -� l NT3 r v r o m }• Ci, CO CO CO CO m = t rncO v wec•�1 �- I •. J i 1 w v CO CO 00 f�4 !'!, _ }I —v M L M 0 746400 746700 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. Meters O 100 200 400 600 747300 Feet O 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747600 747900 748200 co i0 o 0 0 rn 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 High n Moderate n Low Not rated or not available Political Features Cities PLSS Township and Range PLSS Section MAP INFORMATION Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 Water Features Streams and Canals This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Transportation +++ Rails "00 Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; 7/21/2005 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Table—Corrosion of Steel (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Corrosion of Steel— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Moderate 29.9 3.7% 38 lrigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes Moderate 22.1 Moderate 26.7 2.8% 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes 3.4% 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Moderate 165.8 20.8% 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Moderate 422.1 52.9% 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Moderate 88.4 11.1% 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Moderate 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Rating Options—Corrosion of Steel (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff: None Specified Tie-break Rule: Higher Local Roads and Streets (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Local roads and streets have an all-weather surface and carry automobile and light truck traffic all year. They have a subgrade of cut or fill soil material; a base of gravel, crushed rock, or soil material stabilized by lime or cement; and a surface of flexible material (asphalt), rigid material (concrete), or gravel with a binder. The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect the ease of excavation and grading and the traffic -supporting capacity. The properties that affect the ease of excavation and grading are depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented pan, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, the amount of large stones, and slope. The properties that affect the traffic -supporting capacity are soil strength (as inferred from the AASHTO group index number), subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink -swell potential), the potential for frost action, depth to a water table, and ponding. The ratings are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect the specified use. "Not limited" indicates that the soil has features that are very favorable for the specified use. Good performance and very low maintenance can be expected. "Somewhat limited" indicates that the soil has features that are moderately favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be overcome or minimized by special planning, design, or installation. Fair performance and moderate maintenance can be expected. "Very limited" indicates that the soil has one or more features that are unfavorable for 26 Custom Soil Resource Report the specified use. The limitations generally cannot be overcome without major soil reclamation, special design, or expensive installation procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance can be expected. Numerical ratings indicate the severity of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00). The map unit components listed for each map unit in the accompanying Summary by Map Unit table in Web Soil Survey or the Aggregation Report in Soil Data Viewer are determined by the aggregation method chosen. An aggregated rating class is shown for each map unit. The components listed for each map unit are only those that have the same rating class as listed for the map unit. The percent composition of each component in a particular map unit is presented to help the user better understand the percentage of each map unit that has the rating presented. Other components with different ratings may be present in each map unit. The ratings for all components, regardless of the map unit aggregated rating, can be viewed by generating the equivalent report from the Soil Reports tab in Web Soil Survey or from the Soil Data Mart site. Onsite investigation may be needed to validate these interpretations and to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site. 27 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" 7461400 Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Local Roads and Streets (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 74'700 747000 747300 747600 7471900 748j200 I. 44 0 o o O CO CO .y. s I•-' 00 o 0 1 , 0 i1 4 -co 1 M 0 0 0 O N N O C O M V l 0 Oo _l o 0,rn v 71- o 0 0 0 0 m co Lam� «n a 3t GL a rn MI rn v i• v o # o 0 0 d • 0 0 0 O 1 O 0 1 v o - o 0 0 w �v rn rn M � M 746400 746700 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. 747300 N Meters A 0 100 200 400 600 N Feet 0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747600 747900 748200 0 0 0 O O M 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 Very limited 0 Somewhat limited Not limited Not rated or not available Political Features 0 Cities PLSS Township and Range PLSS Section MAP INFORMATION Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 Water Features Streams and Canals This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Transportation +++ Rails "00 Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; 7/21/2005 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Tables—Local Roads and Streets (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Local Roads and Streets— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Component name (percent) Rating reasons (numeric values) Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Very limited Irigul (85%) Depth to hard bedrock (1.00) 29.9 3.7% Slope (1.00) Large stones content (0.03) 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes Very limited Irigul (55%) Depth to hard bedrock (1.00) 22.1 2.8% Slope (1.00) Large stones content (0.03) Starman (30%) Depth to hard bedrock (1.00) Slope (1.00) Frost action (0.50) 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes Very limited Northwater (85%) Slope (1.00) 26.7 3.4% Frost action (0.50) 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Very limited Parachute (85%) Slope (1.00) 165.8 20.8% Frost action (0.50) 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Very limited Parachute (55%) Slope (1.00) 422.1 52.9% Frost action (0.50) 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Very limited Rhone (85%) Slope (1.00) 88.4 11.1% Frost action (0.50) 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Very limited Silas (90%) Flooding (1.00) 42.8 5.4% Frost action (0.50) Slope (0.00) Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Local Roads and Streets— Summary by Rating Value Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI Very limited 797.8 100.0% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Rating Options—Local Roads and Streets (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff. None Specified Tie-break Rule: Higher 30 Custom Soil Resource Report Construction Materials Construction materials interpretations are tools designed to provide guidance to users in selecting a site for potential source of various materials. Individual soils or groups of soils may be selected as a potential source because they are close at hand, are the only source available, or they meets some or all of the physical or chemical properties required for the intended application. Example interpretations include roadfill, sand and gravel, topsoil and reclamation material. Sand Source (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Sand is a natural aggregate (0.05 millimeter to 2 millimeters in diameter) suitable for commercial use with a minimum of processing. It is used in many kinds of construction. Specifications for each use vary widely. Only the probability of finding material in suitable quantity is evaluated. The suitability of the material for specific purposes is not evaluated, nor are factors that affect excavation of the material. The properties used to evaluate the soil as a source of sand are gradation of grain sizes (as indicated by the Unified classification of the soil), the thickness of suitable material, and the content of rock fragments. If the bottom layer of the soil contains sand, the soil is considered a likely source regardless of thickness. The assumption is that the sand layer below the depth of observation exceeds the minimum thickness. The ratings are for the whole soil, from the surface to a depth of about 6 feet. The soils are rated "good," "fair," or "poor" as potential sources of sand. A rating of "good" or "fair" means that sand is likely to be in or below the soil. The bottom layer and the thickest layer of the soil are assigned numerical ratings. These ratings indicate the likelihood that the layer is a source of sand. The number 0.00 indicates that the layer is a "poor source." The number 1.00 indicates that the layer is a "good source." A number between 0.00 and 1.00 indicates the degree to which the layer is a likely source. The map unit components listed for each map unit in the accompanying Summary by Map Unit table in Web Soil Survey or the Aggregation Report in Soil Data Viewer are determined by the aggregation method chosen. An aggregated rating class is shown for each map unit. The components listed for each map unit are only those that have the same rating class as listed for the map unit. The percent composition of each component in a particular map unit is presented to help the user better understand the percentage of each map unit that has the rating presented. Other components with different ratings may be present in each map unit. The ratings for all components, regardless of the map unit aggregated rating, can be viewed by generating the equivalent report from the Soil Reports tab in Web Soil Survey or from the Soil Data Mart site. Onsite investigation may be needed to validate these interpretations and to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site. 31 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" 746400 Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Sand Source (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 74'700 747000 747300 747600 7471900 748j200 O - v JIrS _CD I 00 o 0 1 , 0 i1 4 —co 1 M 0 0 00 O O 0, LO.m min M 1 CO V 71- o o O O O CO O uT � m1.0 CO 3GLi—I a o # o 0 0 d • 0 0 0 O 1 O 0 1 v o - o 0 0 w �v CD CD M � M 746400 746700 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. 747300 N Meters A 0 100 200 400 600 N Feet 0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747600 747900 748200 0 0 O m M V 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 Poor 0 Fair Good Not rated or not available Political Features 0 Cities PLSS Township and Range PLSS Section MAP INFORMATION Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 Water Features Streams and Canals This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Transportation +++ Rails "00 Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; 7/21/2005 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Tables—Sand Source (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Sand Source— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Component name (percent) Rating reasons (numeric values) Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Poor Irigul (85%) Bottom layer (0.00) 29.9 3.7% Thickest layer (0.00) 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes Poor Irigul (55%) Bottom layer (0.00) 22.1 2.8% Thickest layer (0.00) Starman (30%) Bottom layer (0.00) Thickest layer (0.00) 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes Poor Northwater (85%) Bottom layer (0.00) 26.7 3.4% Thickest layer (0.00) 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Poor Parachute (85%) Bottom layer (0.00) 165.8 20.8% Thickest layer (0.00) 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Poor Parachute (55%) Bottom layer (0.00) 422.1 52.9% Thickest layer (0.00) Rhone (30%) Bottom layer (0.00) Thickest layer (0.00) 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Poor Rhone (85%) Bottom layer (0.00) 88.4 11.1% Thickest layer (0.00) 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Poor Silas (90%) Bottom layer (0.00) 42.8 5.4% Thickest layer (0.00) Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Sand Source— Summary by Rating Value Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI Poor 797.8 100.0% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Rating Options—Sand Source (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff: None Specified Tie-break Rule: Lower 34 Custom Soil Resource Report Topsoil Source (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Topsoil is used to cover an area so that vegetation can be established and maintained. The surface layer of most soils is generally preferred for topsoil because of its content of organic matter. Organic matter greatly increases the absorption and retention of moisture and nutrients for plant growth. The upper 40 inches of a soil is evaluated for use as topsoil. Also evaluated is the reclamation potential of the borrow area. Normal compaction, minor processing, and other standard construction practices are assumed. The soils are rated "good," "fair," or "poor" as potential sources of topsoil. The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect plant growth; the ease of excavating, loading, and spreading the material; and reclamation of the borrow area. Toxic substances, soil reaction, and the properties that are inferred from soil texture, such as available water capacity and fertility, affect plant growth. The ease of excavating, loading, and spreading is affected by rock fragments, slope, depth to a water table, soil texture, and thickness of suitable material. Reclamation of the borrow area is affected by slope, depth to a water table, rock fragments, depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, and toxic material. Numerical ratings between 0.00 and 0.99 are given after the specified features. These numbers indicate the degree to which the features limit the soils as sources of topsoil. The lower the number, the greater the limitation. The map unit components listed for each map unit in the accompanying Summary by Map Unit table in Web Soil Survey or the Aggregation Report in Soil Data Viewer are determined by the aggregation method chosen. An aggregated rating class is shown for each map unit. The components listed for each map unit are only those that have the same rating class as listed for the map unit. The percent composition of each component in a particular map unit is presented to help the user better understand the percentage of each map unit that has the rating presented. Other components with different ratings may be present in each map unit. The ratings for all components, regardless of the map unit aggregated rating, can be viewed by generating the equivalent report from the Soil Reports tab in Web Soil Survey or from the Soil Data Mart site. Onsite investigation may be needed to validate these interpretations and to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site. 35 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" 746400 Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Topsoil Source (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 74'700 747000 747300 747600 7471900 748j200 r o I. o 0 0 o co cn cm co m . y . ' r• -' ■li �li� 00 o 0 1 , 0 i1 4 -co 1 M o - O o ' O O C O M V l 0 Oo -I o m rn lCrm min C, 1 CO 0 0 0 0 m co Lam «n m 36 � m a CSI a 0 0 rn MI rn CO i• CO o # o 0 0 CO CO d • 0 0 0 O 1 O 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 w �v rn rn M - CO 0 Rte' 0 746400 746700 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. 747300 N Meters A 0 100 200 400 600 N Feet 0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747600 747900 748200 0 0 O O M 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 Poor 0 Fair Good Not rated or not available Political Features 0 Cities PLSS Township and Range PLSS Section MAP INFORMATION Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 Water Features Streams and Canals This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Transportation +++ Rails "00 Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; 7/21/2005 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Tables—Topsoil Source (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Topsoil Source— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (CO683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Component name (percent) Rating reasons (numeric values) Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Poor Irigul (85%) Rock fragments (0.00) 29.9 3.7% Depth to bedrock (0.00) Slope (0.00) 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes Poor Irigul (55%) Rock fragments (0.00) 22.1 2.8% Depth to bedrock (0.00) Slope (0.00) Starman (30%) Rock fragments (0.00) Depth to bedrock (0.00) Slope (0.00) 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes Poor Northwater (85%) Slope (0.00) 26.7 3.4% Hard to reclaim (rock fragments) (0.00) No rock fragments (1.00) 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Poor Parachute (85%) Slope (0.00) 165.8 20.8% Depth to bedrock (0.58) Rock fragments (0.78) 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Poor Parachute (55%) Slope (0.00) 422.1 52.9% Depth to bedrock (0.58) Rock fragments (0.78) Rhone (30%) Hard to reclaim (rock fragments) (0.00) Slope (0.16) 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Poor Rhone (85%) Slope (0.00) 88.4 11.1% Hard to reclaim (rock fragments) (0.00) 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Good Silas (90%) 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Topsoil Source— Summary by Rating Value Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI Poor 755.0 94.6% Good 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% 38 Custom Soil Resource Report Rating Options—Topsoil Source (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff. None Specified Tie-break Rule: Lower Land Classifications Land Classifications are specified land use and management groupings that are assigned to soil areas because combinations of soil have similar behavior for specified practices. Most are based on soil properties and other factors that directly influence the specific use of the soil. Example classifications include ecological site classification, farmland classification, irrigated and nonirrigated land capability classification, and hydric rating. Ecological Site ID: NRCS Rangeland Site (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) An "ecological site ID" is the symbol assigned to a particular ecological site. An "ecological site" is the product of all the environmental factors responsible for its development. It has characteristic soils that have developed over time; a characteristic hydrology, particularly infiltration and runoff, that has developed over time; and a characteristic plant community (kind and amount of vegetation). The vegetation, soils, and hydrology are all interrelated. Each is influenced by the others and influences the development of the others. For example, the hydrology of the site is influenced by development of the soil and plant community. The plant community on an ecological site is typified by an association of species that differs from that of other ecological sites in the kind and/or proportion of species or in total production. Descriptions of ecological sites are provided in the Field Office Technical Guide, which is available in local offices of the Natural Resources Conservation Service. 39 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" o Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Ecological Site ID: NRCS Rangeland Site (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 746400 7461700 747000 747.300 747.600 747900 748200 't.' ..- it 4LI, N CD._ CDM L 1I. - ,. Cr 0 0 0 0 N N O O co V V 0 O 0 O O O In CD I O CO O LI- LI - O O c co Lo. .-Lo m m 'Crcc, CO 11 _•S • 'Cr O O O O O O p) _ �ZI - M CO d. d - 0 0 O1 O d+I - V O �.F O V ... V 0 1 -V O ♦ 1 m V L i V N oA 746400 746'700 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. Meters 0 100 200 400 600 747300 0 500 1,000 Feet 2,000 3,000 749600 747900 748'200 0 0 0 O 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION Area of Interest (AOI) Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 R048AY228C0 0 R048AY238C0 0 R048AY245C0 0 R048AY303C0 Not rated or not available Political Features 0 Cities I The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service PLSS Township and Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Range Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 PLSS Section Water Features Streams and Canals Transportation +++ Rails rwr Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; 7/21/2005 .t f Local Roads The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Table—Ecological Site ID: NRCS Rangeland Site (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Ecological Site ID: NRCS Rangeland Site— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes R048AY303C0 29.9 3.7% 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes R048AY303C0 22.1 2.8% 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes 26.7 3.4% 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes R048AY238C0 165.8 20.8% 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes R048AY228C0 422.1 52.9% 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes R048AY238C0 88.4 11.1% 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes R048AY245C0 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Rating Options—Ecological Site ID: NRCS Rangeland Site (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Class: NRCS Rangeland Site Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff: None Specified Tie-break Rule: Lower Land Management Land management interpretations are tools designed to guide the user in evaluating existing conditions in planning and predicting the soil response to various land management practices, for a variety of land uses, including cropland, forestland, hayland, pastureland, horticulture, and rangeland. Example interpretations include suitability for a variety of irrigation practices, log landings, haul roads and major skid trails, equipment operability, site preparation, suitability for hand and mechanical planting, potential erosion hazard associated with various practices, and ratings for fencing and waterline installation. 42 Custom Soil Resource Report Erosion Hazard (Off -Road, Off -Trail) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) The ratings in this interpretation indicate the hazard of soil loss from off-road and off - trail areas after disturbance activities that expose the soil surface. The ratings are based on slope and soil erosion factor K. The soil loss is caused by sheet or rill erosion in off-road or off -trail areas where 50 to 75 percent of the surface has been exposed by logging, grazing, mining, or other kinds of disturbance. The ratings are both verbal and numerical. The hazard is described as "slight," "moderate," "severe," or "very severe." A rating of "slight" indicates that erosion is unlikely under ordinary climatic conditions; "moderate" indicates that some erosion is likely and that erosion -control measures may be needed; "severe" indicates that erosion is very likely and that erosion -control measures, including revegetation of bare areas, are advised; and "very severe" indicates that significant erosion is expected, loss of soil productivity and off-site damage are likely, and erosion -control measures are costly and generally impractical. Numerical ratings indicate the severity of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact on the specified aspect of forestland management (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00). The map unit components listed for each map unit in the accompanying Summary by Map Unit table in Web Soil Survey or the Aggregation Report in Soil Data Viewer are determined by the aggregation method chosen. An aggregated rating class is shown for each map unit. The components listed for each map unit are only those that have the same rating class as listed for the map unit. The percent composition of each component in a particular map unit is presented to help the user better understand the percentage of each map unit that has the rating presented. Other components with different ratings may be present in each map unit. The ratings for all components, regardless of the map unit aggregated rating, can be viewed by generating the equivalent report from the Soil Reports tab in Web Soil Survey or from the Soil Data Mart site. Onsite investigation may be needed to validate these interpretations and to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site. 43 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" o 746400 Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Erosion Hazard (Off -Road, Off -Trail) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 746700 747.000 747.300 747.600 747`900 748.200 N 1.' t (0 m [ 0, M w v U • o _ ! 0 0 Ci, 0,Ir,. .in 0, M 0 M LI - .—.„, f o . Q 0 36 �” • �'„ ✓ COSI 1 1 A D ( fl I o o fx 1 v r_.y^ .. t. } i v o{ o o o o r o o, - i rte.-,- `'- ,,I a w �+ a _-- v L,1-• }1 -v M M 0 746400 7461700 • 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. Meters 0 100 200 400 600 747300 Feet 0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747600 747900 748200 0 0 0 0 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION Area of Interest (AOI) Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 Very severe 0 Severe 0 Moderate 0 Slight The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Not rated or not available Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Political Features 0 Cities I Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service PLSS Township and Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Range Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 PLSS Section Water Features Streams and Canals Transportation +++ Rails e04.0 Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; 7/21/2005 .t f Local Roads The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Tables—Erosion Hazard (Off -Road, Off -Trail) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Erosion Hazard (Off -Road, Off -Trail)— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Component name (percent) Rating reasons (numeric values) Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Moderate Irigul (85%) Slope/erodibility (0.50) 29.9 3.7% 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes Moderate Irigul (55%) Slope/erodibility (0.50) 22.1 2.8% Starman (30%) Slope/erodibility (0.50) 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes Severe Northwater (85%) Slope/erodibility (0.75) 26.7 3.4% 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Severe Parachute (85%) Slope/erodibility (0.75) 165.8 20.8% 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Moderate Parachute (55%) Slope/erodibility (0.50) 422.1 52.9% 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Severe Rhone (85%) Slope/erodibility (0.75) 88.4 11.1% 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Slight Silas (90%) 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Erosion Hazard (Off -Road, Off -Trail)— Summary by Rating Value Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI Moderate 474.1 59.4% Severe 281.0 35.2% Slight 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Rating Options—Erosion Hazard (Off -Road, Off -Trail) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff: None Specified Tie-break Rule: Higher 46 Custom Soil Resource Report Mechanical Site Preparation (Surface) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) The ratings in this interpretation indicate the suitability for use of surface -altering soil tillage equipment during site preparation in forested areas. The ratings are based on slope, depth to a restrictive layer, plasticity index, rock fragments on or below the surface, depth to a water table, and ponding. The part of the soil from the surface to a depth of about 1 foot is considered in the ratings. The ratings are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the degree to which the soils are suited to this aspect of forestland management. The soils are described as "well suited," "poorly suited," or "unsuited" to this management activity. "Well suited" indicates that the soil has features that are favorable for the specified kind of site preparation and has no limitations. Good performance can be expected, and little or no maintenance is needed. "Poorly suited" indicates that the soil has one or more properties that are unfavorable for the specified kind of site preparation. Overcoming the unfavorable properties requires special design, extra maintenance, and costly alteration. "Unsuited" indicates that the expected performance of the soil is unacceptable for the specified kind of site preparation or that extreme measures are needed to overcome the undesirable soil properties. Numerical ratings indicate the severity of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact on the specified aspect of forestland management (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00). The map unit components listed for each map unit in the accompanying Summary by Map Unit table in Web Soil Survey or the Aggregation Report in Soil Data Viewer are determined by the aggregation method chosen. An aggregated rating class is shown for each map unit. The components listed for each map unit are only those that have the same rating class as listed for the map unit. The percent composition of each component in a particular map unit is presented to help the user better understand the percentage of each map unit that has the rating presented. Other components with different ratings may be present in each map unit. The ratings for all components, regardless of the map unit aggregated rating, can be viewed by generating the equivalent report from the Soil Reports tab in Web Soil Survey or from the Soil Data Mart site. Onsite investigation may be needed to validate these interpretations and to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site. 47 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" o Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Mechanical Site Preparation (Surface) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 746.400 746700 747.000 747.300 747.600 747`900 748;200 .44 - co fir- 0 0 0 o v 1.0 orm CD 4:, 'i 0 1 M ,. Cr mm . V i II 48 '1,i• Jr. h rn 9 rn 1 -Q, Q, CO COM a 0 0 0 CO ID a 36 A C�9 CO oM t i oM oo- 7r s• v o # o o_ o rn m 0 0 - 5 71".9' 0 746400 7461700 • 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. 747300 N Meters A 0 100 200 400 600 N Feet 0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747600 747900 748200 i0 Co 0 a 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 Unsuited Poorly suited 0 Well suited Not rated or not available Political Features 0 Cities PLSS Township and Range PLSS Section MAP INFORMATION Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 Water Features Streams and Canals This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Transportation +++ Rails "00 Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; 7/21/2005 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Tables—Mechanical Site Preparation (Surface) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Mechanical Site Preparation (Surface)— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Component name L (percent) Rating reasons (numeric values) Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Poorly suited Irigul (85%) Slope (0.50) 29.9 3.7% 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes Poorly suited Irigul (55%) Slope (0.50) 22.1 2.8% Starman (30%) Slope (0.50) 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes Unsuited Northwater (85%) Slope (1.00) 26.7 3.4% 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Unsuited Parachute (85%) Slope (1.00) 165.8 20.8% 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Poorly suited Parachute (55%) Slope (0.50) 422.1 52.9% 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Unsuited Rhone (85%) Slope (1.00) 88.4 11.1% 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Well suited Silas (90%) 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 1 797.8 100.0% Mechanical Site Preparation (Surface)— Summary by Rating Value Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI Poorly suited 474.1 59.4% Unsuited 281.0 35.2% Well suited 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Rating Options—Mechanical Site Preparation (Surface) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff: None Specified Tie-break Rule: Higher Water Management Water Management interpretations are tools for evaluating the potential of the soil in the application of various water management practices. Example interpretations include pond reservoir area, embankments, dikes, levees, and excavated ponds. 50 Custom Soil Resource Report Excavated Ponds (Aquifer -Fed) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Excavated ponds (aquifer -fed) are pits or dugouts that extend to a ground -water aquifer or to a depth below a permanent water table. Excluded are ponds that are fed only by surface runoff and embankment ponds that impound water 3 feet or more above the original surface. Excavated ponds are affected by depth to a permanent water table, saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) of the aquifer, and quality of the water as inferred from the salinity of the soil. Depth to bedrock and the content of large stones affect the ease of excavation. The ratings are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect the specified use. "Not limited" indicates that the soil has features that are very favorable for the specified use. Good performance and very low maintenance can be expected. "Somewhat limited" indicates that the soil has features that are moderately favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be overcome or minimized by special planning, design, or installation. Fair performance and moderate maintenance can be expected. "Very limited" indicates that the soil has one or more features that are unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations generally cannot be overcome without major soil reclamation, special design, or expensive installation procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance can be expected. Numerical ratings indicate the severity of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00). The map unit components listed for each map unit in the accompanying Summary by Map Unit table in Web Soil Survey or the Aggregation Report in Soil Data Viewer are determined by the aggregation method chosen. An aggregated rating class is shown for each map unit. The components listed for each map unit are only those that have the same rating class as listed for the map unit. The percent composition of each component in a particular map unit is presented to help the user better understand the percentage of each map unit that has the rating presented. Other components with different ratings may be present in each map unit. The ratings for all components, regardless of the map unit aggregated rating, can be viewed by generating the equivalent report from the Soil Reports tab in Web Soil Survey or from the Soil Data Mart site. Onsite investigation may be needed to validate these interpretations and to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site. 51 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" 7461400 Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Excavated Ponds (Aquifer -Fed) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 74'700 747000 747300 747600 7471900 748j200 �- JIrS vitt, 00 o 0 1 , 0 C0mi1 4 -co 1 M 0 0 O O N N m C O M w l 0 Oo -I o 0,rn v 71- o 0 0 0 0 m co Lam« � n a 3t G• a rn MI rn CO i• CO o # o 0 0 CO CO d • 0 0 0 O 1 O 0 1 v o - o 0 0 w �v rn rn M � M 746400 746700 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. 747300 N Meters A 0 100 200 400 600 N Feet 0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747600 747900 748200 0 0 0 O m 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 Very limited 0 Somewhat limited Not limited Not rated or not available Political Features 0 Cities PLSS Township and Range PLSS Section MAP INFORMATION Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 Water Features Streams and Canals This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Transportation +++ Rails "00 Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; 7/21/2005 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Tables—Excavated Ponds (Aquifer -Fed) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Excavated Ponds (Aquifer -Fed)— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Component name (percent) Rating reasons (numeric values) Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Very limited Irigul (85%) Depth to water (1.00) 29.9 3.7% 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes Very limited Irigul (55%) Depth to water (1.00) 22.1 2.8% Starman (30%) Depth to water (1.00) 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes Very limited Northwater (85%) Depth to water (1.00) 26.7 3.4% 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Very limited Parachute (85%) Depth to water (1.00) 165.8 20.8% 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Very limited Parachute (55%) Depth to water (1.00) 422.1 52.9% Rhone (30%) Depth to water (1.00) 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Very limited Rhone (85%) Depth to water (1.00) 88.4 11.1% 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Very limited Silas (90%) Depth to water (1.00) 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Excavated Ponds (Aquifer -Fed)— Summary by Rating Value Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI Very limited 797.8 100.0% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Rating Options—Excavated Ponds (Aquifer -Fed) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff: None Specified Tie-break Rule: Higher Pond Reservoir Areas (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Pond reservoir areas hold water behind a dam or embankment. Soils best suited to this use have low seepage potential in the upper 60 inches. The seepage potential is determined by the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) of the soil and the depth to fractured bedrock or other permeable material. Excessive slope can affect the storage capacity of the reservoir area. 54 Custom Soil Resource Report The ratings are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect the specified use. "Not limited" indicates that the soil has features that are very favorable for the specified use. Good performance and very low maintenance can be expected. "Somewhat limited" indicates that the soil has features that are moderately favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be overcome or minimized by special planning, design, or installation. Fair performance and moderate maintenance can be expected. "Very limited" indicates that the soil has one or more features that are unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations generally cannot be overcome without major soil reclamation, special design, or expensive installation procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance can be expected. Numerical ratings indicate the severity of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00). The map unit components listed for each map unit in the accompanying Summary by Map Unit table in Web Soil Survey or the Aggregation Report in Soil Data Viewer are determined by the aggregation method chosen. An aggregated rating class is shown for each map unit. The components listed for each map unit are only those that have the same rating class as listed for the map unit. The percent composition of each component in a particular map unit is presented to help the user better understand the percentage of each map unit that has the rating presented. Other components with different ratings may be present in each map unit. The ratings for all components, regardless of the map unit aggregated rating, can be viewed by generating the equivalent report from the Soil Reports tab in Web Soil Survey or from the Soil Data Mart site. Onsite investigation may be needed to validate these interpretations and to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site. 55 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" 746400 Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Pond Reservoir Areas (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 74'700 747000 747300 747600 7471900 748.200 . 0 0 o _ro i co m f1cn cm 1' o 00 CC.i, 4 -co 1 f M 0 0 O 0 N N m O M I 00 O 0 0, lrrm min M 1 CO V 71- o o O 0 0 co co Lam m -Lo a 36 E'�1 a rn MI rn ,d- i• v o # o 0 0 CO Lf, 0 0 O O v v o - o 0 0 w �v rn rn M � M 746400 746700 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. 747300 N Meters A 0 100 200 400 600 N Feet 0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747600 747900 748200 0 0 0 O m 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 Very limited 0 Somewhat limited Not limited Not rated or not available Political Features 0 Cities PLSS Township and Range PLSS Section MAP INFORMATION Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 Water Features Streams and Canals This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Transportation +++ Rails "00 Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; 7/21/2005 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Tables—Pond Reservoir Areas (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Pond Reservoir Areas— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (CO683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Component name (percent) Rating reasons (numeric values) Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Very limited Irigul (85%) Slope (1.00) 29.9 3.7% Depth to bedrock (1.00) 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes Very limited Irigul (55%) Depth to bedrock (1.00) 22.1 2.8% Slope (1.00) Starman (30%) Depth to bedrock (1.00) Slope (1.00) 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes Very limited Northwater (85%) Slope (1.00) 26.7 3.4% Seepage (0.72) Depth to bedrock (0.10) 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Very limited Parachute (85%) Slope (1.00) 165.8 20.8% Seepage (0.72) Depth to bedrock (0.11) 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Very limited Parachute (55%) Slope (1.00) 422.1 52.9% Seepage (0.72) Depth to bedrock (0.11) Rhone (30%) Slope (1.00) Seepage (0.54) Depth to bedrock (0.00) 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Very limited Rhone (85%) Slope (1.00) 88.4 11.1% Seepage (0.54) Depth to bedrock (0.00) 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Very limited Silas (90%) Seepage (1.00) 42.8 5.4% Slope (1.00) Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Pond Reservoir Areas— Summary by Rating Value Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI Very limited 797.8 100.0% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% 58 Custom Soil Resource Report Rating Options—Pond Reservoir Areas (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff. None Specified Tie-break Rule: Higher 59 Custom Soil Resource Report Soil Properties and Qualities The Soil Properties and Qualities section includes various soil properties and qualities displayed as thematic maps with a summary table for the soil map units in the selected area of interest. A single value or rating for each map unit is generated by aggregating the interpretive ratings of individual map unit components. This aggregation process is defined for each property or quality. Soil Qualities and Features Soil qualities are behavior and performance attributes that are not directly measured, but are inferred from observations of dynamic conditions and from soil properties. Example soil qualities include natural drainage, and frost action. Soil features are attributes that are not directly part of the soil. Example soil features include slope and depth to restrictive layer. These features can greatly impact the use and management of the soil. Depth to Any Soil Restrictive Layer (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) A "restrictive layer" is a nearly continuous layer that has one or more physical, chemical, or thermal properties that significantly impede the movement of water and air through the soil or that restrict roots or otherwise provide an unfavorable root environment. Examples are bedrock, cemented layers, dense layers, and frozen layers. This theme presents the depth to any type of restrictive layer that is described for each map unit. If more than one type of restrictive layer is described for an individual soil type, the depth to the shallowest one is presented. If no restrictive layer is described in a map unit, it is represented by the "> 200" depth class. This attribute is actually recorded as three separate values in the database. A low value and a high value indicate the range of this attribute for the soil component. A "representative" value indicates the expected value of this attribute for the component. For this soil property, only the representative value is used. 60 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" 746400 Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Depth to Any Soil Restrictive Layer (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 7461700 747000 747,300 747,600 747900 748;200 0 CD co co v_+ tto v M N t O O_ r lYl r' rl V oo co Y 0 I f co o tjjf is �1■�, 1I T4S R961A,t 0 1 , f 0 o 11 f o o d 0 0 746400 746700 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. 747300 6 N Meters A 0 100 200 400 600 N Feet 0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747600 747900 748200 0 0 a CO 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION Area of Interest (AOI) Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 0-25 0 25-50 0 50 - 100 0 100 - 150 0 150 - 200 0 > 200 Political Features 0 Cities PLSS Township and Range PLSS Section Water Features Streams and Canals Transportation +++ Rails /ore Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; 7/21/2005 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Table—Depth to Any Soil Restrictive Layer (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Depth to Any Soil Restrictive Layer— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating (centimeters) Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes 38 29.9 3.7% 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes 38 22.1 2.8% 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes 127 26.7 3.4% 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes 77 165.8 20.8% 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes 77 422.1 52.9% 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes 127 88.4 11.1% 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes >200 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Rating Options—Depth to Any Soil Restrictive Layer (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Units of Measure: centimeters Aggregation Method: Dominant Component Component Percent Cutoff: None Specified Tie-break Rule: Lower Interpret Nulls as Zero: No Drainage Class (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) "Drainage class (natural)" refers to the frequency and duration of wet periods under conditions similar to those under which the soil formed. Alterations of the water regime by human activities, either through drainage or irrigation, are not a consideration unless they have significantly changed the morphology of the soil. Seven classes of natural soil drainage are recognized -excessively drained, somewhat excessively drained, well drained, moderately well drained, somewhat poorly drained, poorly drained, and very poorly drained. These classes are defined in the "Soil Survey Manual." 63 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" 0 0 CO 0 CD CO V 741400 Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Drainage Class (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 74'700 747000 747300 747600 747900 74800 0 rn 0 o 0 1 M -0, 00 ;r t` CO CO O , O CO CO 25 .. T4S R961N , - a o {)Jf o O Ln-{ ( 0 o ` / o d I r 0 7 0 746400 746700 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. Meters O 100 200 400 600 747300 Feet O 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747600 747900 748200 0 to 0 0 0 0 rn CO 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 Excessively drained 0 Somewhat excessively drained 0 Well drained 0 Moderately well drained 0 Somewhat poorly drained Poorly drained 0 Very poorly drained 0 Subaqueous Not rated or not available Political Features Cities I PLSS Township and Range PLSS Section Water Features Local Roads Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; Streams and Canals 7/21/2005 Transportation +++ Rails "00 Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Table—Drainage Class (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Drainage Class— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Well drained 29.9 3.7% 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes Well drained 22.1 26.7 2.8% 3.4% 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes Well drained 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Well drained 165.8 422.1 20.8% 52.9% 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Well drained 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Well drained 88.4 11.1% 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Moderately well drained 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Rating Options—Drainage Class (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff: None Specified Tie-break Rule: Higher Hydrologic Soil Group (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Hydrologic soil groups are based on estimates of runoff potential. Soils are assigned to one of four groups according to the rate of water infiltration when the soils are not protected by vegetation, are thoroughly wet, and receive precipitation from long - duration storms. The soils in the United States are assigned to four groups (A, B, C, and D) and three dual classes (ND, B/D, and C/D). The groups are defined as follows: Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential) when thoroughly wet. These consist mainly of deep, well drained to excessively drained sands or gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate of water transmission. Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or well drained soils that have moderately fine texture to moderately coarse texture. These soils have a moderate rate of water transmission. 66 Custom Soil Resource Report Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of soils having a layer that impedes the downward movement of water or soils of moderately fine texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of water transmission. Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink -swell potential, soils that have a high water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at or near the surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material. These soils have a very slow rate of water transmission. If a soil is assigned to a dual hydrologic group (ND, B/D, or C/D), the first letter is for drained areas and the second is for undrained areas. Only the soils that in their natural condition are in group D are assigned to dual classes. 67 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" 746400 Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Hydrologic Soil Group (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 74'700 747000 747300 747600 7471900 748j200 r o - o 0 0 o co v i;cm � co v . y . ' r• -' 00 o .. ! 0 i1 4 —co 1 f M 0 0 o O (0m m(0 O j O O ' O O O v v co (oo (rte M -N co m a 36 CL/ a o _o m rn 7r i• v 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1; 0 5 o 0 0 �0, 5 m 746400 746700 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. 747300 N Meters A 0 100 200 400 600 N Feet 0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747600 747900 748200 0 0 0 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION Area of Interest (AOI) Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 A 0 ND 0 0 B/D 0 0 C/D 0 Not rated or not available Political Features Cities 0 PLSS Township and Range PLSS Section Water Features Streams and Canals Transportation +++ Rails AO Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads s r Local Roads The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; 7/21/2005 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Table—Hydrologic Soil Group (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Hydrologic Soil Group— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes D 29.9 3.7% 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes D 22.1 2.8% 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes B 26.7 3.4% 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes B 165.8 20.8% 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes B 422.1 52.9% 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes B 88.4 11.1% 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes B 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Rating Options—Hydrologic Soil Group (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff: None Specified Tie-break Rule: Higher Parent Material Name (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Parent material name is a term for the general physical, chemical, and mineralogical composition of the unconsolidated material, mineral or organic, in which the soil forms. Mode of deposition and/or weathering may be implied by the name. The soil surveyor uses parent material to develop a model used for soil mapping. Soil scientists and specialists in other disciplines use parent material to help interpret soil boundaries and project performance of the material below the soil. Many soil properties relate to parent material. Among these properties are proportions of sand, silt, and clay; chemical content; bulk density; structure; and the kinds and amounts of rock fragments. These properties affect interpretations and may be criteria used to separate soil series. Soil properties and landscape information may imply the kind of parent material. For each soil in the database, one or more parent materials may be identified. One is marked as the representative or most commonly occurring. The representative parent material name is presented here. 70 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" 741;400 Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Parent Material Name (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 74'700 747000 747300 747600 7471900 748j200 v 00 o .. ! 0 in i1 4 —O 1 f M Oma; .., ... �. •O 01 6 71- 71- 00 - - - _ : P G o — 8 0 LE-rmZ� :+` – CO CO71- 71- o - O 0 0 CO O VT win0, mr m 71- 0 0 7 ai .._ a 0 0 71+Mi 71- ���— 36 rrCM 71- r el v 746400 746700 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. 747300 N Meters o A 0 100 200 400 600 N Feet 0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747600 747900 748200 0 0 0 rn v 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION Area of Interest (AOI) Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 marl and/or alluvium derived from sandstone 0 marl and/or residuum weathered from sandstone 0 residuum weathered from sandstone 0 residuum weathered from sedimentary rock Not rated or not available Political Features 0 Cities PLSS Township and Range PLSS Section Water Features Streams and Canals Transportation +++ Rails The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; ,.. ▪ Interstate Highways 7/21/2005 US Routes The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were Major Roads compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting ▪ Local Roads of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Table—Parent Material Name (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Parent Material Name— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes marl and/or residuum weathered from sandstone 29.9 3.7% 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes marl and/or residuum weathered from sandstone 22.1 2.8% 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes residuum weathered from sedimentary rock 26.7 3.4% 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes residuum weathered from sandstone 165.8 20.8% 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes marl and/or residuum weathered from sandstone 422.1 52.9% 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes marl and/or residuum weathered from sandstone 88.4 11.1% 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes marl and/or alluvium derived from sandstone 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Rating Options—Parent Material Name (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff: None Specified Tie-break Rule: Lower Representative Slope (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Slope gradient is the difference in elevation between two points, expressed as a percentage of the distance between those points. The slope gradient is actually recorded as three separate values in the database. A low value and a high value indicate the range of this attribute for the soil component. A "representative" value indicates the expected value of this attribute for the component. For this soil property, only the representative value is used. 73 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" 741400 Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Representative Slope (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 74'700 747000 747300 747600 7471900 74800 CO CO CO CO 00 0 I , 0 C.OMi1 —co 1 M d. xs m o I _ tii? i I .i" v6' a ( - 0 crym mi u, CO 4' 'I 1 �' t: ' i ��it a o co CO 36 , I � '. mco i' ^ I`TV 1\JaJVV 2 i i - T4S R96W1 l I ii f I 0 s. Il I A� I 4 o I ,ter., 'I o CO A I }` i tel. f 5 CO 00 rl I l _ )r -i IrlCO Ci) l�I 0 + L 0 0 1 •0 rn # rn M M V I V 35: 36. rd , 0 N Meters o A 0 100 200 400 600 N Feet 0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 746400 746700 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. 747300 747600 747900 748200 0 0 0 rn 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 0-5 0 5-15 0 15-30 0 30 - 45 45-60 0 60 - 100 Not rated or not available Political Features 0 Cities PLSS Township and Range PLSS Section Water Features Streams and Canals Transportation +++ Rails ,.. Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads MAP INFORMATION Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; 7/21/2005 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Table—Representative Slope (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Representative Slope— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating (percent) Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes 30.0 29.9 3.7% 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes 28.0 22.1 26.7 2.8% 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes 40.0 3.4% 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes 45.0 165.8 20.8% 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes 18.0 422.1 52.9% 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes 50.0 88.4 11.1% 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes 8.0 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Rating Options—Representative Slope (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Units of Measure: percent Aggregation Method: Dominant Component Component Percent Cutoff: None Specified Tie-break Rule: Higher Interpret Nulls as Zero: No Unified Soil Classification (Surface) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) The Unified soil classification system classifies mineral and organic mineral soils for engineering purposes on the basis of particle -size characteristics, liquid limit, and plasticity index. It identifies three major soil divisions: (i) coarse-grained soils having less than 50 percent, by weight, particles smaller than 0.074 mm in diameter; (ii) fine- grained soils having 50 percent or more, by weight, particles smaller than 0.074 mm in diameter; and (iii) highly organic soils that demonstrate certain organic characteristics. These divisions are further subdivided into a total of 15 basic soil groups. The major soil divisions and basic soil groups are determined on the basis of estimated or measured values for grain -size distribution and Atterberg limits. ASTM D 2487 shows the criteria chart used for classifying soil in the Unified system and the 15 basic soil groups of the system and the plasticity chart for the Unified system. The various groupings of this classification correlate in a general way with the engineering behavior of soils. This correlation provides a useful first step in any field or laboratory investigation for engineering purposes. It can serve to make some 76 Custom Soil Resource Report general interpretations relating to probable performance of the soil for engineering uses. For each soil horizon in the database one or more Unified soil classifications may be listed. One is marked as the representative or most commonly occurring. The representative classification is shown here for the surface layer of the soil. 77 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" 0 0 7461400 Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Unified Soil Classification (Surface) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 74'700 747000 747300 747600 7471900 748j200 r. 0 CO CO :'l -I i' 00 0 l 0 ti. { ` r M 0 0 0 0 N tl N O C O MnJM V • �' a V 0 f. {` O O K` O lrrm mi LC, O • O M CO V V o o O co ✓ 36 C�9 1 0 �?. • o '':. Lo— ✓ 1 .i• v 0 0 o O w M -71- r• n. 0 00 1f frCM 0 i 0 746400 746700 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. N Meters A 0 100 200 400 600 N Feet 0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747300 747600 747900 748200 (0 o 0 O O M V 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report Area of Interest (AOI) Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 CH 0 CL 0 CL -A (proposed) 0 CL -K (proposed) 0 CL -ML 0 CL -O (proposed) 0 CL -T (proposed) 0 GC 0 GC -GM 0 GM 0 GP 0 GP -GC 0 GP -GM 0 GW 0 GW -GC 0 GW -GM 0 MH 0 MH -A (proposed) 0 MH -K (proposed) 0 MH -O (proposed) 0 MH -T (proposed) MAP LEGEND 0 ML 0 ML -A (proposed) 0 ML -K (proposed) 0 ML -O (proposed) 0 ML -T (proposed) 0 OH 0 OH -T (proposed) 0 OL 0 PT 0 SC 0 SC -SM 0 SM 0 SP 0 SP -SC 0 SP -SM LJ SW sw-sc SW -SM Not rated or not available Political Features 0 Cities 0 PLSS Township and Range U PLSS Section Water Features Streams and Canals Transportation +++ Rails ,.. Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads MAP INFORMATION Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; 7/21/2005 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Table—Unified Soil Classification (Surface) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Unified Soil Classification (Surface)— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes CL -ML 29.9 3.7% 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes CL -ML 22.1 26.7 2.8% 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes CL 3.4% 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes CL 165.8 422.1 20.8% 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes CL 52.9% 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes CL 88.4 11.1 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes CL 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Rating Options—Unified Soil Classification (Surface) (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff: None Specified Tie-break Rule: Lower Layer Options: Surface Layer Water Features Water Features include ponding frequency, flooding frequency, and depth to water table. Depth to Water Table (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) "Water table" refers to a saturated zone in the soil. It occurs during specified months. Estimates of the upper limit are based mainly on observations of the water table at selected sites and on evidence of a saturated zone, namely grayish colors (redoximorphic features) in the soil. A saturated zone that lasts for less than a month is not considered a water table. This attribute is actually recorded as three separate values in the database. A low value and a high value indicate the range of this attribute for the soil component. A 80 Custom Soil Resource Report "representative" value indicates the expected value of this attribute for the component. For this soil property, only the representative value is used. 81 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" 74800 Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Depth to Water Table (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 74'700 747000 747300 747600 7471900 74800 r. 0 0o coco ooo /r. I l o cr, c o M 0 0 N 33 0.1 O mM C� ,l V 0T"'r yy {' 0 00 0 0,1,.'j 0, lrrmmin rn rn 71- 71- 0 0 CO ID M 36 i CDM 0 0 m rn .7r ' i• v o +�1 _o ,rmfr 0 4 O 0 0 0 1 M 746400 746700 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. 747300 N Meters A 0 100 200 400 600 N Feet 0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747600 747900 748200 i0 o 0 O m 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION Area of Interest (AOI) Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 0-25 0 25-50 0 50 - 100 0 100 - 150 0 150 - 200 0 > 200 Political Features 0 Cities PLSS Township and Range PLSS Section Water Features Streams and Canals Transportation +++ Rails /ore Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; 7/21/2005 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Table—Depth to Water Table (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Depth to Water Table— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (CO683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating (centimeters) Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes >200 29.9 3.7% 38 Irigul-Starman channery foams, 5 to 50 percent slopes >200 22.1 2.8% 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes >200 26.7 3.4% 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes >200 165.8 20.8% 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes >200 422.1 52.9% 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes >200 88.4 11.1% 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes 153 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% 84 Custom Soil Resource Report Rating Options—Depth to Water Table (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Units of Measure: centimeters Aggregation Method: Dominant Component Component Percent Cutoff: None Specified Tie-break Rule: Lower Interpret Nulls as Zero: No Beginning Month: January Ending Month: December Flooding Frequency Class (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Flooding is the temporary inundation of an area caused by overflowing streams, by runoff from adjacent slopes, or by tides. Water standing for short periods after rainfall or snowmelt is not considered flooding, and water standing in swamps and marshes is considered ponding rather than flooding. Frequency is expressed as none, very rare, rare, occasional, frequent, and very frequent. "None" means that flooding is not probable. The chance of flooding is nearly 0 percent in any year. Flooding occurs less than once in 500 years. "Very rare" means that flooding is very unlikely but possible under extremely unusual weather conditions. The chance of flooding is less than 1 percent in any year. "Rare" means that flooding is unlikely but possible under unusual weather conditions. The chance of flooding is 1 to 5 percent in any year. "Occasional" means that flooding occurs infrequently under normal weather conditions. The chance of flooding is 5 to 50 percent in any year. "Frequent" means that flooding is likely to occur often under normal weather conditions. The chance of flooding is more than 50 percent in any year but is less than 50 percent in all months in any year. "Very frequent" means that flooding is likely to occur very often under normal weather conditions. The chance of flooding is more than 50 percent in all months of any year. 85 39° 41' 11" 39° 39' 35" 746400 Custom Soil Resource Report Map—Flooding Frequency Class (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) 74'700 747000 747300 747600 7471900 748.200 o o o _co 0 M CI fl 1, I00 n 1 0 i1 4 eco CO 1 f M o f 0 O O O M 1 7 CO V 71- 0 O O CO ,. m ` °M' 36 m 0 0 rn Lr) Cr i• v o # o o O O CO M 7f 0 0 O O w —�.' a iii, iii, v .1- 746400 746700 747000 Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. 747300 N Meters A 0 100 200 400 600 N Feet 0 500 1,000 2,000 3,000 747600 747900 748200 0 0 O O M 39° 41' 9" 39° 39' 32" Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION Area of Interest (AOI) Map Scale: 1:14,200 if printed on A size (8.5" x 11") sheet. Area of Interest (AOI) Soils Soil Map Units Soil Ratings 0 None 0 Very Rare 0 Rare 0 Occasional 0 Frequent 0 Very Frequent Political Features O Cities l I I PLSS Township and Range PLSS Section Water Features Streams and Canals Transportation +++ Rails /ore Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for accurate map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov Coordinate System: UTM Zone 12N NAD83 This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 6, Mar 25, 2008 Date(s) aerial images were photographed: 6/30/2005; 8/8/2005; 7/21/2005 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Table—Flooding Frequency Class (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Flooding Frequency Class— Summary by Map Unit — Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties (C0683) Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 36 Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes None 29.9 3.7% 38 Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes None 22.1 26.7 2.8% 3.4% 48 Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes None 52 Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes None 165.8 422.1 20.8% 52.9% 53 Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes None 61 Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes None 88.4 11.1% 63 Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Occasional 42.8 5.4% Totals for Area of Interest 797.8 100.0% Rating Options—Flooding Frequency Class (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff: None Specified Tie-break Rule: More Frequent Beginning Month: January Ending Month: December 88 Custom Soil Resource Report Soil Reports The Soil Reports section includes various formatted tabular and narrative reports (tables) containing data for each selected soil map unit and each component of each unit. No aggregation of data has occurred as is done in reports in the Soil Properties and Qualities and Suitabilities and Limitations sections. The reports contain soil interpretive information as well as basic soil properties and qualities. A description of each report (table) is included. AOI Inventory This folder contains a collection of tabular reports that present a variety of soil information. Included are various map unit description reports, special soil interpretation reports, and data summary reports. Component Legend (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) This report presents general information about the map units and map unit components in the selected area. It shows map unit symbols and names and the components in each map unit. It also shows the percent of the components in the map units, the kind of component, and the slope range of each component. Report—Component Legend (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Component Legend– Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Map unit symbol and name Pct. of map unit Component name Component kind Pct. slope Low RV High 36—Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes 85 Irigul Series 9 30 50 38—Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes 55 Irigul Series 5 28 50 30 Starman Series 5 28 50 48—Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes Series 15 40 65 85 Northwater 52—Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes 85 Parachute Series 25 45 65 89 Custom Soil Resource Report Component Legend– Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Map unit symbol and name Pct. of map unit Component name Component kind Pct. slope Low RV High 53—Parachute-Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes 55 Parachute Series 5 18 30 30 Rhone Series 5 13 20 61—Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes 30 50 70 85 Rhone Series 63—Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes 90 Silas Series 3 8 12 Building Site Development This folder contains a collection of tabular reports that present soil interpretations related to building site development. The reports (tables) include all selected map units and components for each map unit, limiting features and interpretive ratings. Building site development interpretations are designed to be used as tools for evaluating soil suitability and identifying soil limitations for various construction purposes. As part of the interpretation process, the rating applies to each soil in its described condition and does not consider present land use. Example interpretations can include corrosion of concrete and steel, shallow excavations, dwellings with and without basements, small commercial buildings, local roads and streets, and lawns and landscaping. Roads and Streets, Shallow Excavations, and Lawns and Landscaping (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) Soil properties influence the development of building sites, including the selection of the site, the design of the structure, construction, performance after construction, and maintenance. This table shows the degree and kind of soil limitations that affect local roads and streets, shallow excavations, and lawns and landscaping. The ratings in the table are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect building site development. Not limited indicates that the soil has features that are very favorable for the specified use. Good performance and very low maintenance can be expected. Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has features that are moderately favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be overcome or minimized by special planning, design, or installation. Fair performance and moderate maintenance can be expected. Very limited indicates that the soil has one or more features that are unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations generally cannot be overcome without major soil reclamation, special design, or expensive installation procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance can be expected. Numerical ratings in the table indicate the severity of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate gradations 90 Custom Soil Resource Report between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00). Local roads and streets have an all-weather surface and carry automobile and light truck traffic all year. They have a subgrade of cut or fill soil material; a base of gravel, crushed rock, or soil material stabilized by lime or cement; and a surface of flexible material (asphalt), rigid material (concrete), or gravel with a binder. The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect the ease of excavation and grading and the traffic -supporting capacity. The properties that affect the ease of excavation and grading are depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented pan, depth to a water table, ponding, flooding, the amount of large stones, and slope. The properties that affect the traffic -supporting capacity are soil strength (as inferred from the AASHTO group index number), subsidence, linear extensibility (shrink -swell potential), the potential for frost action, depth to a water table, and ponding. Shallow excavations are trenches or holes dug to a maximum depth of 5 or 6 feet for graves, utility lines, open ditches, or other purposes. The ratings are based on the soil properties that influence the ease of digging and the resistance to sloughing. Depth to bedrock or a cemented pan, hardness of bedrock or a cemented pan, the amount of large stones, and dense layers influence the ease of digging, filling, and compacting. Depth to the seasonal high water table, flooding, and ponding may restrict the period when excavations can be made. Slope influences the ease of using machinery. Soil texture, depth to the water table, and linear extensibility (shrink -swell potential) influence the resistance to sloughing. Lawns and landscaping require soils on which turf and ornamental trees and shrubs can be established and maintained. Irrigation is not considered in the ratings. The ratings are based on the soil properties that affect plant growth and trafficability after vegetation is established. The properties that affect plant growth are reaction; depth to a water table; ponding; depth to bedrock or a cemented pan; the available water capacity in the upper 40 inches; the content of salts, sodium, or calcium carbonate; and sulfidic materials. The properties that affect trafficability are flooding, depth to a water table, ponding, slope, stoniness, and the amount of sand, clay, or organic matter in the surface layer. Information in this table is intended for land use planning, for evaluating land use alternatives, and for planning site investigations prior to design and construction. The information, however, has limitations. For example, estimates and other data generally apply only to that part of the soil between the surface and a depth of 5 to 7 feet. Because of the map scale, small areas of different soils may be included within the mapped areas of a specific soil. The information is not site specific and does not eliminate the need for onsite investigation of the soils or for testing and analysis by personnel experienced in the design and construction of engineering works. Government ordinances and regulations that restrict certain land uses or impose specific design criteria were not considered in preparing the information in this table. Local ordinances and regulations should be considered in planning, in site selection, and in design. Report—Roads and Streets, Shallow Excavations, and Lawns and Landscaping (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) [Onsite investigation may be needed to validate the interpretations in this table and to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site. The numbers in the value columns range 91 Custom Soil Resource Report from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the greater the potential limitation. The table shows only the top five limitations for any given soil. The soil may have additional limitations] Roads and Streets, Shallow Excavations, and Lawns and Landscaping- Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Map symbol and soil name Pct. of map unit Local roads and streets Shallow excavations Lawns and landscaping Rating class and limiting features Value Rating class and limiting features Value Rating class and limiting features Value 36-Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Irigul 85 Very limited Very limited Very limited Depth to hard bedrock 1.00 Depth to hard bedrock 1.00 Droughty 1.00 Slope 1.00 Slope 1.00 Depth to bedrock 1.00 Large stones content 0.03 Cutbanks cave 0.10 Slope 1.00 Large stones content 0.03 Large stones content 0.54 Gravel content 0.04 38-Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes Irigul 55 Very limited Very limited Very limited Depth to hard bedrock 1.00 Depth to hard bedrock 1.00 Droughty 1.00 Slope 1.00 Slope 1.00 Depth to bedrock 1.00 Large stones content 0.03 Cutbanks cave 0.10 Slope 1.00 Large stones content 0.03 Large stones content 0.54 Gravel content 0.04 Starman 30 Very limited Very limited Very limited Depth to hard bedrock 1.00 Depth to hard bedrock 1.00 Droughty 1.00 Slope 1.00 Slope 1.00 Depth to bedrock 1.00 Frost action 0.50 Slope 1.00 Large stones content 0.54 Gravel content 0.04 48-Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes Northwater 85 Very limited Very limited Very limited Slope 1.00 Slope 1.00 Slope 1.00 Frost action 0.50 Depth to hard bedrock 0.42 Cutbanks cave 0.10 92 Custom Soil Resource Report Roads and Streets, Shallow Excavations, and Lawns and Landscaping- Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Map symbol and soil name Pct. of map unit Local roads and streets Shallow excavations Lawns and landscaping Rating class and limiting features Value Rating class and limiting features Value Rating class and limiting features Value 52 -Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Parachute 85 Very limited Very limited Very limited Slope 1.00 Slope 1.00 Slope 1.00 Frost action 0.50 Depth to soft bedrock 0.42 Depth to bedrock 0.42 Cutbanks cave 0.10 Droughty 0.21 53 -Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Parachute 55 Very limited Very limited Very limited Slope 1.00 Slope 1.00 Slope 1.00 Frost action 0.50 Depth to soft bedrock 0.42 Depth to bedrock 0.42 Cutbanks cave 0.10 Droughty 0.21 Rhone 30 Somewhat limited Somewhat limited Somewhat limited Slope 0.84 Slope 0.84 Slope 0.84 Frost action 0.50 Cutbanks cave 0.10 61 -Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Rhone 85 Very limited Very limited Very limited Slope 1.00 Slope 1.00 Slope 1.00 Frost action 0.50 Cutbanks cave 0.10 63 -Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Silas 90 Very limited Somewhat limited Somewhat limited Flooding 1.00 Flooding 0.60 Flooding 0.60 Frost action 0.50 Depth to saturated zone 0.15 Slope 0.01 Slope 0.01 Cutbanks cave 0.10 Slope 0.01 Land Classifications This folder contains a collection of tabular reports that present a variety of soil groupings. The reports (tables) include all selected map units and components for each map unit. Land classifications are specified land use and management groupings that are assigned to soil areas because combinations of soil have similar behavior for specified practices. Most are based on soil properties and other factors that directly influence the specific use of the soil. Example classifications include ecological site 93 Custom Soil Resource Report classification, farmland classification, irrigated and nonirrigated land capability classification, and hydric rating. Taxonomic Classification of the Soils (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) The system of soil classification used by the National Cooperative Soil Survey has six categories (Soil Survey Staff, 1999 and 2003). Beginning with the broadest, these categories are the order, suborder, great group, subgroup, family, and series. Classification is based on soil properties observed in the field or inferred from those observations or from laboratory measurements. This table shows the classification of the soils in the survey area. The categories are defined in the following paragraphs. ORDER. Twelve soil orders are recognized. The differences among orders reflect the dominant soil -forming processes and the degree of soil formation. Each order is identified by a word ending in sol. An example is Alfisols. SUBORDER. Each order is divided into suborders primarily on the basis of properties that influence soil genesis and are important to plant growth or properties that reflect the most important variables within the orders. The last syllable in the name of a suborder indicates the order. An example is Udalfs (Ud, meaning humid, plus alfs, from Alfisols). GREAT GROUP. Each suborder is divided into great groups on the basis of close similarities in kind, arrangement, and degree of development of pedogenic horizons; soil moisture and temperature regimes; type of saturation; and base status. Each great group is identified by the name of a suborder and by a prefix that indicates a property of the soil. An example is Hapludalfs (Hapl, meaning minimal horizonation, plus udalfs, the suborder of the Alfisols that has a udic moisture regime). SUBGROUP. Each great group has a typic subgroup. Other subgroups are intergrades or extragrades. The typic subgroup is the central concept of the great group; it is not necessarily the most extensive. Intergrades are transitions to other orders, suborders, or great groups. Extragrades have some properties that are not representative of the great group but do not indicate transitions to any other taxonomic class. Each subgroup is identified by one or more adjectives preceding the name of the great group. The adjective Typic identifies the subgroup that typifies the great group. An example is Typic Hapludalfs. FAMILY. Families are established within a subgroup on the basis of physical and chemical properties and other characteristics that affect management. Generally, the properties are those of horizons below plow depth where there is much biological activity. Among the properties and characteristics considered are particle -size class, mineralogy class, cation -exchange activity class, soil temperature regime, soil depth, and reaction class. A family name consists of the name of a subgroup preceded by terms that indicate soil properties. An example is fine -loamy, mixed, active, mesic Typic Hapludalfs. SERIES. The series consists of soils within a family that have horizons similar in color, texture, structure, reaction, consistence, mineral and chemical composition, and arrangement in the profile. References: Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. 94 Custom Soil Resource Report Soil Survey Staff. 2006. Keys to soil taxonomy. 10th edition. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. (The soils in a given survey area may have been classified according to earlier editions of this publication.) Report—Taxonomic Classification of the Soils (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) [An asterisk by the soil name indicates a taxadjunct to the series] Taxonomic Classification of the Soils— Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Soil name Family or higher taxonomic classification Irigul Loamy -skeletal, mixed Lithic Cryoborolls Northwater Loamy -skeletal, mixed Cryic Pachic Paleborolls Parachute Loamy -skeletal, mixed Typic Cryoborolls Rhone Fine -loamy, mixed Pachic Cryoborolls Silas Fine -loamy, mixed Cumulic Cryoborolls Starman Loamy -skeletal, mixed (calcareous) Lithic Cryorthents Soil Chemical Properties This folder contains a collection of tabular reports that present soil chemical properties. The reports (tables) include all selected map units and components for each map unit. Soil chemical properties are measured or inferred from direct observations in the field or laboratory. Examples of soil chemical properties include pH, cation exchange capacity, calcium carbonate, gypsum, and electrical conductivity. Chemical Soil Properties (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) This table shows estimates of some chemical characteristics and features that affect soil behavior. These estimates are given for the layers of each soil in the survey area. The estimates are based on field observations and on test data for these and similar soils. Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each layer is indicated. Cation -exchange capacity is the total amount of extractable cations that can be held by the soil, expressed in terms of milliequivalents per 100 grams of soil at neutrality (pH 7.0) or at some other stated pH value. Soils having a low cation -exchange capacity hold fewer cations and may require more frequent applications of fertilizer than soils having a high cation -exchange capacity. The ability to retain cations reduces the hazard of ground -water pollution. Effective cation -exchange capacity refers to the sum of extractable cations plus aluminum expressed in terms of milliequivalents per 100 grams of soil. It is determined for soils that have pH of less than 5.5. Soil reaction is a measure of acidity or alkalinity. It is important in selecting crops and other plants, in evaluating soil amendments for fertility and stabilization, and in determining the risk of corrosion. 95 Custom Soil Resource Report Calcium carbonate equivalent is the percent of carbonates, by weight, in the fraction of the soil less than 2 millimeters in size. The availability of plant nutrients is influenced by the amount of carbonates in the soil. Gypsum is expressed as a percent, by weight, of hydrated calcium sulfates in the fraction of the soil less than 20 millimeters in size. Gypsum is partially soluble in water. Soils that have a high content of gypsum may collapse if the gypsum is removed by percolating water. Salinity is a measure of soluble salts in the soil at saturation. It is expressed as the electrical conductivity of the saturation extract, in millimhos per centimeter at 25 degrees C. Estimates are based on field and laboratory measurements at representative sites of nonirrigated soils. The salinity of irrigated soils is affected by the quality of the irrigation water and by the frequency of water application. Hence, the salinity of soils in individual fields can differ greatly from the value given in the table. Salinity affects the suitability of a soil for crop production, the stability of soil if used as construction material, and the potential of the soil to corrode metal and concrete. Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) is a measure of the amount of sodium (Na) relative to calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in the water extract from saturated soil paste. It is the ratio of the Na concentration divided by the square root of one-half of the Ca + Mg concentration. Soils that have SAR values of 13 or more may be characterized by an increased dispersion of organic matter and clay particles, reduced saturated hydraulic conductivity and aeration, and a general degradation of soil structure. 96 Custom Soil Resource Report Chemical Soil Properties- Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Map symbol and soil name Depth Cation- exchange capacity Effective cation- exchange capacity Soil reaction Calcium carbonate Gypsum Salinity Sodium adsorption ratio In meq/100g meq/100g pH Pct Pct mmhos/cm 36-Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Irigul 0-6 10-20 - 6.1-7.3 0 0 0.0-2.0 0 6-17 10-20 - 7.4-7.8 0 0 0.0-2.0 0 17-21 - - - - - - - 38-Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes 0 Irigul 0-6 10-20 - 6.1-7.3 0 0.0-2.0 0 6-17 10-20 - 7.4-7.8 0 0 0.0-2.0 0 17-21 - - - - - - --iir Starman 0-3 10-20 - 7.4-8.4 0-5 0 0.0-2.0 0 3-13 10-20 - 7.9-9.0 5-10 0 0.0-2.0 0 13-17 - i - - - - - 48-Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes 0 Northwater 0-25 15-30 - 6.1-7.8 0 0 0 25-50 15-25 - 6.1-7.8 0 0 0 0 50-54 - - - - - - - 52 -Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Parachute 0-5 10-25 - 6.6-7.8 0 0 0 0 5-18 10-20 - 6.6-7.8 0 0 0 0 18-29 10-15 - 6.6-7.8 0 0 0 0 29-33 - - - - - - - 97 Custom Soil Resource Report Chemical Soil Properties– Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Map symbol and soil name Depth Cation- exchange capacity Effective cation- exchange capacity Soil reaction ' Calcium carbonate Gypsum Salinity Sodium adsorption ratio In meq/100g meq/100g pH Pct Pct mmhos/cm 53—Parachute-Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Parachute 0-5 10-25 — 6.6-7.8 0 0 0 0 5-18 10-20 — 6.6-7.8 0 0 0 0 18-29 10-15 — 6.6-7.8 0 0 0 0 29-33 — — — — — — — Rhone 0-8 15-30 — 6.1-7.8 0 0 0 0 8-28 10-25 — 6.1-7.8 0 0 0 0 28-52 10-20 — 6.1-7.8 0 0 0 0 52-56 — — — — — — — 61—Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Rhone 0-8 15-30 — 6.1-7.8 0 0 0 0 8-28 10-25 — 6.1-7.8 0 0 0 0 28-52 10-20 — 6.1-7.8 0 0 0 0 52-56 — — — — — — — 63—Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Silas 0-14 10-25 — 6.6-7.8 0 0 0.0-2.0 0 14-60 10-20 — 6.6-7.8 0 0 0.0-2.0 0 98 Custom Soil Resource Report Soil Physical Properties This folder contains a collection of tabular reports that present soil physical properties. The reports (tables) include all selected map units and components for each map unit. Soil physical properties are measured or inferred from direct observations in the field or laboratory. Examples of soil physical properties include percent clay, organic matter, saturated hydraulic conductivity, available water capacity, and bulk density. Physical Soil Properties (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) This table shows estimates of some physical characteristics and features that affect soil behavior. These estimates are given for the layers of each soil in the survey area. The estimates are based on field observations and on test data for these and similar soils. Depth to the upper and lower boundaries of each layer is indicated. Particle size is the effective diameter of a soil particle as measured by sedimentation, sieving, or micrometric methods. Particle sizes are expressed as classes with specific effective diameter class limits. The broad classes are sand, silt, and clay, ranging from the larger to the smaller. Sand as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are 0.05 millimeter to 2 millimeters in diameter. In this table, the estimated sand content of each soil layer is given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter. Silt as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are 0.002 to 0.05 millimeter in diameter. In this table, the estimated silt content of each soil layer is given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter. Clay as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are less than 0.002 millimeter in diameter. In this table, the estimated clay content of each soil layer is given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter. The content of sand, silt, and clay affects the physical behavior of a soil. Particle size is important for engineering and agronomic interpretations, for determination of soil hydrologic qualities, and for soil classification. The amount and kind of clay affect the fertility and physical condition of the soil and the ability of the soil to adsorb cations and to retain moisture. They influence shrink - swell potential, saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), plasticity, the ease of soil dispersion, and other soil properties. The amount and kind of clay in a soil also affect tillage and earthmoving operations. Moist bulk density is the weight of soil (ovendry) per unit volume. Volume is measured when the soil is at field moisture capacity, that is, the moisture content at 1/3- or 1/10 - bar (33kPa or 10kPa) moisture tension. Weight is determined after the soil is dried at 105 degrees C. In the table, the estimated moist bulk density of each soil horizon is expressed in grams per cubic centimeter of soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter. Bulk density data are used to compute linear extensibility, shrink -swell potential, available water capacity, total pore space, and other soil properties. The moist bulk density of a soil indicates the pore space available for water and roots. 99 Custom Soil Resource Report Depending on soil texture, a bulk density of more than 1.4 can restrict water storage and root penetration. Moist bulk density is influenced by texture, kind of clay, content of organic matter, and soil structure. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) refers to the ease with which pores in a saturated soil transmit water. The estimates in the table are expressed in terms of micrometers per second. They are based on soil characteristics observed in the field, particularly structure, porosity, and texture. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) is considered in the design of soil drainage systems and septic tank absorption fields. Available water capacity refers to the quantity of water that the soil is capable of storing for use by plants. The capacity for water storage is given in inches of water per inch of soil for each soil layer. The capacity varies, depending on soil properties that affect retention of water. The most important properties are the content of organic matter, soil texture, bulk density, and soil structure. Available water capacity is an important factor in the choice of plants or crops to be grown and in the design and management of irrigation systems. Available water capacity is not an estimate of the quantity of water actually available to plants at any given time. Linear extensibility refers to the change in length of an unconfined clod as moisture content is decreased from a moist to a dry state. It is an expression of the volume change between the water content of the clod at 1/3- or 1/10 -bar tension (33kPa or 10kPa tension) and oven dryness. The volume change is reported in the table as percent change for the whole soil. The amount and type of clay minerals in the soil influence volume change. Linear extensibility is used to determine the shrink -swell potential of soils. The shrink - swell potential is low if the soil has a linear extensibility of less than 3 percent; moderate if 3 to 6 percent; high if 6 to 9 percent; and very high if more than 9 percent. If the linear extensibility is more than 3, shrinking and swelling can cause damage to buildings, roads, and other structures and to plant roots. Special design commonly is needed. Organic matter is the plant and animal residue in the soil at various stages of decomposition. In this table, the estimated content of organic matter is expressed as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter. The content of organic matter in a soil can be maintained by returning crop residue to the soil. Organic matter has a positive effect on available water capacity, water infiltration, soil organism activity, and tilth. It is a source of nitrogen and other nutrients for crops and soil organisms. Erosion factors are shown in the table as the K factor (Kw and Kf) and the T factor. Erosion factor K indicates the susceptibility of a soil to sheet and rill erosion by water. Factor K is one of six factors used in the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to predict the average annual rate of soil loss by sheet and rill erosion in tons per acre per year. The estimates are based primarily on percentage of silt, sand, and organic matter and on soil structure and Ksat. Values of K range from 0.02 to 0.69. Other factors being equal, the higher the value, the more susceptible the soil is to sheet and rill erosion by water. Erosion factor Kw indicates the erodibility of the whole soil. The estimates are modified by the presence of rock fragments. Erosion factor Kf indicates the erodibility of the fine -earth fraction, or the material less than 2 millimeters in size. 100 Custom Soil Resource Report Erosion factor T is an estimate of the maximum average annual rate of soil erosion by wind and/or water that can occur without affecting crop productivity over a sustained period. The rate is in tons per acre per year. Wind erodibility groups are made up of soils that have similar properties affecting their susceptibility to wind erosion in cultivated areas. The soils assigned to group 1 are the most susceptible to wind erosion, and those assigned to group 8 are the least susceptible. The groups are described in the "National Soil Survey Handbook." Wind erodibility index is a numerical value indicating the susceptibility of soil to wind erosion, or the tons per acre per year that can be expected to be lost to wind erosion. There is a close correlation between wind erosion and the texture of the surface layer, the size and durability of surface clods, rock fragments, organic matter, and a calcareous reaction. Soil moisture and frozen soil layers also influence wind erosion. Reference: United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National soil survey handbook, title 430 -VI. (http://soils.usda.gov) 101 Custom Soil Resource Report Physical Soil Properties- Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Map symbol and soil name Depth Sand Silt Clay Moist bulk density Saturated hydraulic conductivity Available water capacity Linear extensibility Organic matter Erosion factors Wind erodibility group Wind erodibility index Kw Kf T In Pct Pct Pct g/cc micro m/sec In/In Pct Pct 36-Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Irigul 0-6 -42- -37- 15-21-27 1.25-1.40 4.23-42.34 0.10-0.13 0.0-2.9 1.0-3.0 .15 .28 1 6 48 6-17 -55- -18- 20-27- 34 1.25-1.40 1.41-14.11 0.04-0.05 0.0-2.9 0.5-1.0 .02 .20 17-21 - - - - 0.42-1.41 - - - 38-Irigul- Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes Irigul 0-6 -42- -37- 15-21-27 1.25-1.40 4.23-42.34 0.10-0.13 0.0-2.9 1.0-3.0 .15 .28 1 6 48 6-17 -55- -18- 20-27- 34 1.25-1.40 1.41-14.11 0.04-0.05 0.0-2.9 0.5-1.0 .02 .20 17-21 - - - - 0.42-1.41 - - - Starman 0-3 -43- -38- 15-19- 23 1.25-1.40 4.23-42.34 0.10-0.13 0.0-2.9 1.0-2.0 .15 .28 1 4L 86 3-13 -39- -37- 20-24- 27 1.25-1.40 4.23-14.11 0.04-0.09 0.0-2.9 0.5-1.0 .10 .37 13-17 - - - - 0.42-1.41 - - - 48-Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes Northwater 0-25 -39- -37- 20-24- 27 1.25-1.40 4.23-14.11 0.13-0.16 0.0-2.9 3.0-6.0 .20 .20 3 6 48 25-50 -33- -36- 27-31- 34 1.25-1.40 1.41-4.23 0.09-0.11 0.0-2.9 1.0-3.0 .05 .20 50-54 - - - - 0.42-1.41 - - - 102 Custom Soil Resource Report Physical Soil Properties- Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Map symbol and soil name Depth Sand Silt Clay Moist bulk density Saturated hydraulic conductivity Available water capacity Linear extensibility Organic matter Erosion factors Wind erodibility group Wind erodibility index Kw Kf T In Pct Pct Pct g/cc micro m/sec In/In Pct Pct 52 -Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Parachute 0-5 -42- -38- 15-20- 25 1.25-1.40 4.23-14.11 0.14-0.17 0.0-2.9 3.0-6.0 .20 .20 3 5 56 5-18 -41- -37- 18-22- 25 1.25-1.40 4.23-14.11 0.13-0.16 0.0-2.9 1.0-2.0 .28 .28 18-29 -41- -37- 18-22-25 1.25-1.40 4.23-14.11 0.04-0.05 0.0-2.9 0.5-1.0 .05 .37 29-33 - - - - 0.42-1.41 - - - 53 -Parachute - Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Parachute 0-5 -42- -38- 15-20- 25 1.25-1.40 4.23-14.11 0.14-0.17 0.0-2.9 3.0-6.0 .20 .20 3 5 56 5-18 -41- -37- 18-22-25 1.25-1.40 4.23-14.11 0.13-0.16 0.0-2.9 1.0-2.0 .28 .28 18-29 -41- -37- 18-22- 25 1.25-1.40 4.23-14.11 0.04-0.05 0.0-2.9 0.5-1.0 .05 .37 29-33 - - - - 0.42-1.41 - - - Rhone 0-8 -39- -37- 20-24- 27 1.25-1.40 4.23-14.11 0.14-0.17 0.0-2.9 3.0-6.0 .20 .20 4 6 48 8-28 -55- -17- 20-28- 35 1.25-1.40 1.41-14.11 0.14-0.17 0.0-2.9 1.0-3.0 .17 .17 28-52 -57- -18- 20-25- 30 1.25-1.40 1.41-14.11 0.07-0.09 0.0-2.9 0.0-1.0 .05 .20 52-56 - - - - 0.42-1.41 - - - 61 -Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Rhone 0-8 -39- -37- 20-24- 27 1.25-1.40 4.23-14.11 0.14-0.17 0.0-2.9 3.0-6.0 .20 .20 4 6 48 8-28 -55- -17- 20-28- 35 1.25-1.40 1.41-14.11 0.14-0.17 0.0-2.9 1.0-3.0 .17 .17 28-52 -57- -18- 20-25- 30 1.25-1.40 1.41-14.11 0.07-0.09 0.0-2.9 0.0-1.0 .05 .20 52-56 - - - - 0.42-1.41 - - - 103 Custom Soil Resource Report Physical Soil Properties- Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Map symbol and soil name Depth Sand Silt Clay Moist bulk density Saturated hydraulic conductivity Available water capacity Linear extensibility Organic matter Erosion factors Wind erodibility group Wind erodibility index Kw Kf T In Pct Pct Pct g/cc micro m/sec In/In Pct Pct 63—Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Silas 0-14 -42- -37- 15-21-27 t25-1.40 4.23-42.34 0.14-0.17 0.0-2.9 3.0-5.0 .20 .20 5 6 48 14-60 -42- -37- 15-21-27 1.25-1.40 4.23-42.34 0.14-0.17 0.0-2.9 1.0-3.0 .28 .28 104 Custom Soil Resource Report Soil Qualities and Features This folder contains tabular reports that present various soil qualities and features. The reports (tables) include all selected map units and components for each map unit. Soil qualities are behavior and performance attributes that are not directly measured, but are inferred from observations of dynamic conditions and from soil properties. Example soil qualities include natural drainage, and frost action. Soil features are attributes that are not directly part of the soil. Example soil features include slope and depth to restrictive layer. These features can greatly impact the use and management of the soil. Soil Features (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) This table gives estimates of various soil features. The estimates are used in land use planning that involves engineering considerations. A restrictive layer is a nearly continuous layer that has one or more physical, chemical, or thermal properties that significantly impede the movement of water and air through the soil or that restrict roots or otherwise provide an unfavorable root environment. Examples are bedrock, cemented layers, dense layers, and frozen layers. The table indicates the hardness and thickness of the restrictive layer, both of which significantly affect the ease of excavation. Depth to top is the vertical distance from the soil surface to the upper boundary of the restrictive layer. Subsidence is the settlement of organic soils or of saturated mineral soils of very low density. Subsidence generally results from either desiccation and shrinkage, or oxidation of organic material, or both, following drainage. Subsidence takes place gradually, usually over a period of several years. The table shows the expected initial subsidence, which usually is a result of drainage, and total subsidence, which results from a combination of factors. Potential for frost action is the likelihood of upward or lateral expansion of the soil caused by the formation of segregated ice lenses (frost heave) and the subsequent collapse of the soil and loss of strength on thawing. Frost action occurs when moisture moves into the freezing zone of the soil. Temperature, texture, density, saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), content of organic matter, and depth to the water table are the most important factors considered in evaluating the potential for frost action. It is assumed that the soil is not insulated by vegetation or snow and is not artificially drained. Silty and highly structured, clayey soils that have a high water table in winter are the most susceptible to frost action. Well drained, very gravelly, or very sandy soils are the least susceptible. Frost heave and low soil strength during thawing cause damage to pavements and other rigid structures. Risk of corrosion pertains to potential soil -induced electrochemical or chemical action that corrodes or weakens uncoated steel or concrete. The rate of corrosion of uncoated steel is related to such factors as soil moisture, particle -size distribution, acidity, and electrical conductivity of the soil. The rate of corrosion of concrete is based mainly on the sulfate and sodium content, texture, moisture content, and acidity of the soil. Special site examination and design may be needed if the combination of factors results in a severe hazard of corrosion. The steel or concrete in installations that intersect soil boundaries or soil layers is more susceptible to corrosion than the steel 105 Custom Soil Resource Report or concrete in installations that are entirely within one kind of soil or within one soil layer. For uncoated steel, the risk of corrosion, expressed as low, moderate, or high, is based on soil drainage class, total acidity, electrical resistivity near field capacity, and electrical conductivity of the saturation extract. For concrete, the risk of corrosion also is expressed as low, moderate, or high. It is based on soil texture, acidity, and amount of sulfates in the saturation extract. 106 Custom Soil Resource Report Soil Features- Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Map symbol and soil name Restrictive Layer Subsidence Potential for frost action Risk of corrosion Kind Depth to top Thickness Hardness Initial Total Uncoated steel Concrete In In In In 36—Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Irigul Lithic bedrock 10-20 — Indurated 0 — Low Moderate Low 38—Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes Irigul Lithic bedrock 10-20 — Indurated 0 — Low Moderate Low Starman Lithic bedrock 3-20 — Indurated 0 — Moderate High Low 48—Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes Northwater Lithic bedrock 40-60 — Indurated 0 — Moderate Moderate Low 52—Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Parachute Paralithic bedrock 20-40 — Moderately cemented 0 — Moderate Moderate Low 53—Parachute- Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Parachute Paralithic bedrock 20-40 — Moderately cemented 0 — Moderate Moderate Low Rhone Paralithic bedrock 40-60 — Moderately cemented 0 — Moderate Moderate Low 107 Custom Soil Resource Report Soil Features- Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Map symbol and soil name Restrictive Layer Subsidence Potential for frost action Risk of corrosion Kind Depth to top Thickness Hardness — Initial Total Uncoated steel Concrete In In In In 61—Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Rhone Paralithic bedrock 40-60 — Moderately cemented 0 — Moderate Moderate Low 63—Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Silas — — 0 — Moderate Moderate Low 108 Custom Soil Resource Report Water Features This folder contains tabular reports that present soil hydrology information. The reports (tables) include all selected map units and components for each map unit. Water Features include ponding frequency, flooding frequency, and depth to water table. Water Features (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) This table gives estimates of various soil water features. The estimates are used in land use planning that involves engineering considerations. Hydrologic soil groups are based on estimates of runoff potential. Soils are assigned to one of four groups according to the rate of water infiltration when the soils are not protected by vegetation, are thoroughly wet, and receive precipitation from long - duration storms. The four hydrologic soil groups are: Group A. Soils having a high infiltration rate (low runoff potential) when thoroughly wet. These consist mainly of deep, well drained to excessively drained sands or gravelly sands. These soils have a high rate of water transmission. Group B. Soils having a moderate infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of moderately deep or deep, moderately well drained or well drained soils that have moderately fine texture to moderately coarse texture. These soils have a moderate rate of water transmission. Group C. Soils having a slow infiltration rate when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of soils having a layer that impedes the downward movement of water or soils of moderately fine texture or fine texture. These soils have a slow rate of water transmission. Group D. Soils having a very slow infiltration rate (high runoff potential) when thoroughly wet. These consist chiefly of clays that have a high shrink -swell potential, soils that have a high water table, soils that have a claypan or clay layer at or near the surface, and soils that are shallow over nearly impervious material. These soils have a very slow rate of water transmission. If a soil is assigned to a dual hydrologic group (ND, B/D, or C/D), the first letter is for drained areas and the second is for undrained areas. Surface runoff refers to the loss of water from an area by flow over the land surface. Surface runoff classes are based on slope, climate, and vegetative cover. The concept indicates relative runoff for very specific conditions. It is assumed that the surface of the soil is bare and that the retention of surface water resulting from irregularities in the ground surface is minimal. The classes are negligible, very low, low, medium, high, and very high. The months in the table indicate the portion of the year in which a water table, ponding, and/or flooding is most likely to be a concern. Water table refers to a saturated zone in the soil. The water features table indicates, by month, depth to the top (upper limit) and base (lower limit) of the saturated zone in most years. Estimates of the upper and lower limits are based mainly on observations of the water table at selected sites and on evidence of a saturated zone, namely 109 Custom Soil Resource Report grayish colors or mottles (redoximorphic features) in the soil. A saturated zone that lasts for less than a month is not considered a water table. Ponding is standing water in a closed depression. Unless a drainage system is installed, the water is removed only by percolation, transpiration, or evaporation. The table indicates surface water depth and the duration and frequency of ponding. Duration is expressed as very brief if less than 2 days, brief if 2 to 7 days, long if 7 to 30 days, and very long if more than 30 days. Frequency is expressed as none, rare, occasional, and frequent. None means that ponding is not probable; rare that it is unlikely but possible under unusual weather conditions (the chance of ponding is nearly 0 percent to 5 percent in any year); occasional that it occurs, on the average, once or less in 2 years (the chance of ponding is 5 to 50 percent in any year); and frequent that it occurs, on the average, more than once in 2 years (the chance of ponding is more than 50 percent in any year). Flooding is the temporary inundation of an area caused by overflowing streams, by runoff from adjacent slopes, or by tides. Water standing for short periods after rainfall or snowmelt is not considered flooding, and water standing in swamps and marshes is considered ponding rather than flooding. Duration and frequency are estimated. Duration is expressed as extremely brief if 0.1 hour to 4 hours, very brief if 4 hours to 2 days, brief if 2 to 7 days, long if 7 to 30 days, and very long if more than 30 days. Frequency is expressed as none, very rare, rare, occasional, frequent, and very frequent. None means that flooding is not probable; very rare that it is very unlikely but possible under extremely unusual weather conditions (the chance of flooding is less than 1 percent in any year); rare that it is unlikely but possible under unusual weather conditions (the chance of flooding is 1 to 5 percent in any year); occasional that it occurs infrequently under normal weather conditions (the chance of flooding is 5 to 50 percent in any year); frequent that it is likely to occur often under normal weather conditions (the chance of flooding is more than 50 percent in any year but is less than 50 percent in all months in any year); and very frequent that it is likely to occur very often under normal weather conditions (the chance of flooding is more than 50 percent in all months of any year). The information is based on evidence in the soil profile, namely thin strata of gravel, sand, silt, or clay deposited by floodwater; irregular decrease in organic matter content with increasing depth; and little or no horizon development. Also considered are local information about the extent and levels of flooding and the relation of each soil on the landscape to historic floods. Information on the extent of flooding based on soil data is less specific than that provided by detailed engineering surveys that delineate flood -prone areas at specific flood frequency levels. 110 Custom Soil Resource Report Water Features– Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Map unit symbol and soil name Hydrologic group Surface runoff Month Water table Ponding Flooding Upper limit Lower limit Surface depth Duration Frequency Duration Frequency Ft Ft Ft 36—Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Irigul D Very high Jan -Dec — — — — None — — 38—Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes Irigul D Very high Jan -Dec — — — — None — — Starman D Very high Jan -Dec — — — — None — — 48—Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes Northwater B High Jan -Dec — — — — None — — 52—Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Parachute B High Jan -Dec — — — — None — — 53—Parachute-Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Parachute B High Jan -Dec — — None — — Rhone B Medium Jan -Dec — — — None — — 61—Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Rhone B High Jan -Dec — — — — None — — 111 Custom Soil Resource Report Water Features– Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Map unit symbol and soil name Hydrologic group Surface runoff Month Water table Ponding Flooding Upper limit Lower limit Surface depth Duration Frequency Duration Frequency Ft Ft Ft 63—Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Silas B Low April 4.0-6.0 >6.0 — — None Brief Occasional B Low May 4.0-6.0 >6.0 — — Norte Brief Occasional B Low June 4.0-6.0 >6.0 — — None Brief Occasional B Low July 4.0-6.0 >6.0 — — None Brief Occasional B Low August — — — — None Brief Occasional B Low September — — — — None Brief Occasional 112 Custom Soil Resource Report Water Management This folder contains a collection of tabular reports that present soil interpretations related to water management. The reports (tables) include all selected map units and components for each map unit, limiting features and interpretive ratings. Water management interpretations are tools for evaluating the potential of the soil in the application of various water management practices. Example interpretations include pond reservoir area, embankments, dikes, levees, and excavated ponds. Ponds and Embankments (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) This table gives information on the soil properties and site features that affect water management. The degree and kind of soil limitations are given for pond reservoir areas; embankments, dikes, and levees; and aquifer -fed excavated ponds. The ratings are both verbal and numerical. Rating class terms indicate the extent to which the soils are limited by all of the soil features that affect these uses. Not limited indicates that the soil has features that are very favorable for the specified use. Good performance and very low maintenance can be expected. Somewhat limited indicates that the soil has features that are moderately favorable for the specified use. The limitations can be overcome or minimized by special planning, design, or installation. Fair performance and moderate maintenance can be expected. Very limited indicates that the soil has one or more features that are unfavorable for the specified use. The limitations generally cannot be overcome without major soil reclamation, special design, or expensive installation procedures. Poor performance and high maintenance can be expected. Numerical ratings in the table indicate the severity of individual limitations. The ratings are shown as decimal fractions ranging from 0.01 to 1.00. They indicate gradations between the point at which a soil feature has the greatest negative impact on the use (1.00) and the point at which the soil feature is not a limitation (0.00). Pond reservoir areas hold water behind a dam or embankment. Soils best suited to this use have low seepage potential in the upper 60 inches. The seepage potential is determined by the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) of the soil and the depth to fractured bedrock or other permeable material. Excessive slope can affect the storage capacity of the reservoir area. Embankments, dikes, and levees are raised structures of soil material, generally less than 20 feet high, constructed to impound water or to protect land against overflow. Embankments that have zoned construction (core and shell) are not considered. In this table, the soils are rated as a source of material for embankment fill. The ratings apply to the soil material below the surface layer to a depth of 5 or 6 feet. It is assumed that soil layers will be uniformly mixed and compacted during construction. The ratings do not indicate the ability of the natural soil to support an embankment. Soil properties to a depth even greater than the height of the embankment can affect performance and safety of the embankment. Generally, deeper onsite investigation is needed to determine these properties. Soil material in embankments must be resistant to seepage, piping, and erosion and have favorable compaction characteristics. Unfavorable features include less than 5 feet of suitable material and a high content of stones or boulders, organic matter, or 113 Custom Soil Resource Report salts or sodium. A high water table affects the amount of usable material. It also affects trafficability. Aquifer -fed excavated ponds are pits or dugouts that extend to a ground -water aquifer or to a depth below a permanent water table. Excluded are ponds that are fed only by surface runoff and embankment ponds that impound water 3 feet or more above the original surface. Excavated ponds are affected by depth to a permanent water table, Ksat of the aquifer, and quality of the water as inferred from the salinity of the soil. Depth to bedrock and the content of large stones affect the ease of excavation. Information in this table is intended for land use planning, for evaluating land use alternatives, and for planning site investigations prior to design and construction. The information, however, has limitations. For example, estimates and other data generally apply only to that part of the soil between the surface and a depth of 5 to 7 feet. Because of the map scale, small areas of different soils may be included within the mapped areas of a specific soil. The information is not site specific and does not eliminate the need for onsite investigation of the soils or for testing and analysis by personnel experienced in the design and construction of engineering works. Government ordinances and regulations that restrict certain land uses or impose specific design criteria were not considered in preparing the information in this table. Local ordinances and regulations should be considered in planning, in site selection, and in design. Report—Ponds and Embankments (Hunter Ridge J-25 CDP) [Onsite investigation may be needed to validate the interpretations in this table and to confirm the identity of the soil on a given site. The numbers in the value columns range from 0.01 to 1.00. The larger the value, the greater the potential limitation. The table shows only the top five limitations for any given soil. The soil may have additional limitations] Ponds and Embankments- Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Map symbol and soil name Pct. of map unit Pond reservoir areas Embankments, dikes, and levees Aquifer -fed excavated ponds Rating class and limiting features Value Rating class and limiting features Value Rating class and limiting features Value 36—Irigul channery loam, 9 to 50 percent slopes Irigul 85 Very limited Very limited Very limited Slope 1.00 Thin layer 1.00 Depth to water 1.00 Depth to bedrock 1.00 Seepage 0.75 Large stones content 0.03 114 Custom Soil Resource Report Ponds and Embankments- Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Map symbol and soil name Pct. of map unit Pond reservoir areas Embankments, dikes, and levees Aquifer -fed excavated ponds Rating class and limiting features Value Rating class and limiting features Value Rating class and limiting features Value 38-Irigul-Starman channery loams, 5 to 50 percent slopes Irigul 55 Very limited Very limited Very limited Depth to bedrock 1.00 Thin layer 1.00 Depth to water 1.00 Slope 1.00 Seepage 0.75 Large stones content 0.03 Starman 30 Very limited Very limited Very limited Depth to bedrock 1.00 Thin layer 1.00 Depth to water 1.00 Slope 1.00 Seepage 0.25 48-Northwater loam, 15 to 65 percent slopes Northwater 85 Very limited Somewhat limited Very limited Slope 1.00 Seepage 0.19 Depth to water 1.00 Seepage 0.72 Thin layer 0.11 Depth to bedrock 0.10 52 -Parachute loam, 25 to 65 percent slopes Parachute 85 Very limited Somewhat limited Very limited Slope 1.00 Thin layer 0.85 Depth to water 1.00 Seepage 0.72 Seepage 0.75 Depth to bedrock 0.11 53 -Parachute -Rhone loams, 5 to 30 percent slopes Parachute 55 Very limited Somewhat limited Very limited Slope 1.00 Thin layer 0.85 Depth to water 1.00 Seepage 0.72 Seepage 0.75 Depth to bedrock 0.11 Rhone 30 Very limited Somewhat limited Very limited 1 Slope 1.00 Seepage 0.19 Depth to water 1.00 I Seepage 0.54 Thin layer 0.11 Depth to bedrock 0.01 115 Custom Soil Resource Report Ponds and Embankments- Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Map symbol and soil name Pct. of map unit Pond reservoir areas Embankments, dikes, and levees Aquifer -fed excavated ponds Rating class and limiting features Value Rating class and limiting features Value Rating class and limiting features Value 61—Rhone loam, 30 to 70 percent slopes Rhone 85 Very limited Somewhat limited Very limited Slope 1.00 Seepage 0.19 Depth to water 1.00 Seepage 0.54 Thin layer 0.11 Depth to bedrock 0.01 63—Silas loam, 3 to 12 percent slopes Silas 90 Very limited Very limited Very limited Seepage 1.00 Piping 1.00 Depth to water 1.00 Slope 1.00 116 References American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). 2004. Standard specifications for transportation materials and methods of sampling and testing. 24th edition. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2005. Standard classification of soils for engineering purposes. ASTM Standard D2487-00. Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of wetlands and deep -water habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FWS/OBS-79/31. Federal Register. July 13, 1994. Changes in hydric soils of the United States. Federal Register. September 18, 2002. Hydric soils of the United States. Hurt, G.W., and L.M. Vasilas, editors. Version 6.0, 2006. Field indicators of hydric soils in the United States. National Research Council. 1995. Wetlands: Characteristics and boundaries. Soil Survey Division Staff. 1993. Soil survey manual. Soil Conservation Service. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 18. http://soils.usda.gov/ Soil Survey Staff. 1999. Soil taxonomy: A basic system of soil classification for making and interpreting soil surveys. 2nd edition. Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 436. http://soils.usda.gov/ Soil Survey Staff. 2006. Keys to soil taxonomy. 10th edition. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. http://soils.usda.gov/ Tiner, R.W., Jr. 1985. Wetlands of Delaware. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, Wetlands Section. United States Army Corps of Engineers, Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers wetlands delineation manual. Waterways Experiment Station Technical Report Y-87-1. United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National forestry manual. http://soils.usda.gov/ United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National range and pasture handbook. http://www.glti.nrcs.usda.gov/ United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. National soil survey handbook, title 430 -VI. http://soils.usda.gov/ United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2006. Land resource regions and major land resource areas of the United States, the Caribbean, and the Pacific Basin. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 296. http://soils.usda.gov/ 117 Custom Soil Resource Report United States Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service. 1961. Land capability classification. U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbook 210. 118 Glossary Many of the terms relating to landforms, geology, and geomorphology are defined in more detail in the "National Soil Survey Handbook." ABC soil A soil having an A, a B, and a C horizon. Ablation till Loose, relatively permeable earthy material deposited during the downwasting of nearly static glacial ice, either contained within or accumulated on the surface of the glacier. AC soil A soil having only an A and a C horizon. Commonly, such soil formed in recent alluvium or on steep, rocky slopes. Aeration, soil The exchange of air in soil with air from the atmosphere. The air in a well aerated soil is similar to that in the atmosphere; the air in a poorly aerated soil is considerably higher in carbon dioxide and lower in oxygen. Aggregate, soil Many fine particles held in a single mass or cluster. Natural soil aggregates, such as granules, blocks, or prisms, are called peds. Clods are aggregates produced by tillage or logging. Alkali (sodic) soil A soil having so high a degree of alkalinity (pH 8.5 or higher) or so high a percentage of exchangeable sodium (15 percent or more of the total exchangeable bases), or both, that plant growth is restricted. Alluvial cone A semiconical type of alluvial fan having very steep slopes. It is higher, narrower, and steeper than a fan and is composed of coarser and thicker layers of material deposited by a combination of alluvial episodes and (to a much lesser degree) landslides (debris flow). The coarsest materials tend to be concentrated at the apex of the cone. 119 Custom Soil Resource Report Alluvial fan A low, outspread mass of loose materials and/or rock material, commonly with gentle slopes. It is shaped like an open fan or a segment of a cone. The material was deposited by a stream at the place where it issues from a narrow mountain valley or upland valley or where a tributary stream is near or at its junction with the main stream. The fan is steepest near its apex, which points upstream, and slopes gently and convexly outward (downstream) with a gradual decrease in gradient. Alluvium Unconsolidated material, such as gravel, sand, silt, clay, and various mixtures of these, deposited on land by running water. Alpha,alpha-dipyridyl A compound that when dissolved in ammonium acetate is used to detect the presence of reduced iron (Fe II) in the soil. A positive reaction implies reducing conditions and the likely presence of redoximorphic features. Animal unit month (AUM) The amount of forage required by one mature cow of approximately 1,000 pounds weight, with or without a calf, for 1 month. Aquic conditions Current soil wetness characterized by saturation, reduction, and redoximorphic features. Argillic horizon A subsoil horizon characterized by an accumulation of illuvial clay. Arroyo The flat -floored channel of an ephemeral stream, commonly with very steep to vertical banks cut in unconsolidated material. It is usually dry but can be transformed into a temporary watercourse or short-lived torrent after heavy rain within the watershed. Aspect The direction toward which a slope faces. Also called slope aspect. Association, soil A group of soils or miscellaneous areas geographically associated in a characteristic repeating pattern and defined and delineated as a single map unit. Available water capacity (available moisture capacity) The capacity of soils to hold water available for use by most plants. It is commonly defined as the difference between the amount of soil water at field moisture capacity and the amount at wilting point. It is commonly expressed as inches of water per inch of soil. The capacity, in inches, in a 60 -inch profile or to a limiting layer is expressed as: 120 Custom Soil Resource Report Very low: 0 to 3 Low: 3 to 6 Moderate: 6 to 9 High: 9 to 12 Very high: More than 12 Backslope The position that forms the steepest and generally linear, middle portion of a hillslope. In profile, backslopes are commonly bounded by a convex shoulder above and a concave footslope below. Backswamp A flood -plain landform. Extensive, marshy or swampy, depressed areas of flood plains between natural levees and valley sides or terraces. Badland A landscape that is intricately dissected and characterized by a very fine drainage network with high drainage densities and short, steep slopes and narrow interfluves. Badlands develop on surfaces that have little or no vegetative cover overlying unconsolidated or poorly cemented materials (clays, silts, or sandstones) with, in some cases, soluble minerals, such as gypsum or halite. Bajada A broad, gently inclined alluvial piedmont slope extending from the base of a mountain range out into a basin and formed by the lateral coalescence of a series of alluvial fans. Typically, it has a broadly undulating transverse profile, parallel to the mountain front, resulting from the convexities of component fans. The term is generally restricted to constructional slopes of intermontane basins. Basal area The area of a cross section of a tree, generally referring to the section at breast height and measured outside the bark. It is a measure of stand density, commonly expressed in square feet. Base saturation The degree to which material having cation -exchange properties is saturated with exchangeable bases (sum of Ca, Mg, Na, and K), expressed as a percentage of the total cation -exchange capacity. Base slope (geomorphology) A geomorphic component of hills consisting of the concave to linear (perpendicular to the contour) slope that, regardless of the lateral shape, forms an apron or wedge at the bottom of a hillside dominated by colluvium and slope - wash sediments (for example, slope alluvium). Bedding plane A planar or nearly planar bedding surface that visibly separates each successive layer of stratified sediment or rock (of the same or different lithology) from the preceding or following layer; a plane of deposition. It commonly marks a change 121 Custom Soil Resource Report in the circumstances of deposition and may show a parting, a color difference, a change in particle size, or various combinations of these. The term is commonly applied to any bedding surface, even one that is conspicuously bent or deformed by folding. Bedding system A drainage system made by plowing, grading, or otherwise shaping the surface of a flat field. It consists of a series of low ridges separated by shallow, parallel dead furrows. Bedrock The solid rock that underlies the soil and other unconsolidated material or that is exposed at the surface. Bedrock -controlled topography A landscape where the configuration and relief of the landforms are determined or strongly influenced by the underlying bedrock. Bench terrace A raised, level or nearly level strip of earth constructed on or nearly on a contour, supported by a barrier of rocks or similar material, and designed to make the soil suitable for tillage and to prevent accelerated erosion. Bisequum Two sequences of soil horizons, each of which consists of an illuvial horizon and the overlying eluvial horizons. Blowout (map symbol) A saucer-, cup-, or trough -shaped depression formed by wind erosion on a preexisting dune or other sand deposit, especially in an area of shifting sand or loose soil or where protective vegetation is disturbed or destroyed. The adjoining accumulation of sand derived from the depression, where recognizable, is commonly included. Blowouts are commonly small. Borrow pit (map symbol) An open excavation from which soil and underlying material have been removed, usually for construction purposes. Bottom land An informal term loosely applied to various portions of a flood plain. Boulders Rock fragments larger than 2 feet (60 centimeters) in diameter. Breaks A landscape or tract of steep, rough or broken land dissected by ravines and gullies and marking a sudden change in topography. 122 Custom Soil Resource Report Breast height An average height of 4.5 feet above the ground surface; the point on a tree where diameter measurements are ordinarily taken. Brush management Use of mechanical, chemical, or biological methods to make conditions favorable for reseeding or to reduce or eliminate competition from woody vegetation and thus allow understory grasses and forbs to recover. Brush management increases forage production and thus reduces the hazard of erosion. It can improve the habitat for some species of wildlife. Butte An isolated, generally flat-topped hill or mountain with relatively steep slopes and talus or precipitous cliffs and characterized by summit width that is less than the height of bounding escarpments; commonly topped by a caprock of resistant material and representing an erosion remnant carved from flat -lying rocks. Cable yarding A method of moving felled trees to a nearby central area for transport to a processing facility. Most cable yarding systems involve use of a drum, a pole, and wire cables in an arrangement similar to that of a rod and reel used for fishing. To reduce friction and soil disturbance, felled trees generally are reeled in while one end is lifted or the entire log is suspended. Calcareous soil A soil containing enough calcium carbonate (commonly combined with magnesium carbonate) to effervesce visibly when treated with cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. Caliche A general term for a prominent zone of secondary carbonate accumulation in surficial materials in warm, subhumid to arid areas. Caliche is formed by both geologic and pedologic processes. Finely crystalline calcium carbonate forms a nearly continuous surface -coating and void -filling medium in geologic (parent) materials. Cementation ranges from weak in nonindurated forms to very strong in indurated forms. Other minerals (e.g., carbonates, silicate, and sulfate) may occur as accessory cements. Most petrocalcic horizons and some calcic horizons are caliche. California bearing ratio (CBR) The load -supporting capacity of a soil as compared to that of standard crushed limestone, expressed as a ratio. First standardized in California. A soil having a CBR of 16 supports 16 percent of the load that would be supported by standard crushed limestone, per unit area, with the same degree of distortion. Canopy The leafy crown of trees or shrubs. (See Crown.) 123 Custom Soil Resource Report Canyon A long, deep, narrow valley with high, precipitous walls in an area of high local relief. Capillary water Water held as a film around soil particles and in tiny spaces between particles. Surface tension is the adhesive force that holds capillary water in the soil. Catena A sequence, or "chain," of soils on a landscape that formed in similar kinds of parent material and under similar climatic conditions but that have different characteristics as a result of differences in relief and drainage. Cation An ion carrying a positive charge of electricity. The common soil cations are calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, and hydrogen. Cation -exchange capacity The total amount of exchangeable cations that can be held by the soil, expressed in terms of milliequivalents per 100 grams of soil at neutrality (pH 7.0) or at some other stated pH value. The term, as applied to soils, is synonymous with base - exchange capacity but is more precise in meaning. Catsteps See Terracettes. Cement rock Shaly limestone used in the manufacture of cement. Channery soil material Soil material that has, by volume, 15 to 35 percent thin, flat fragments of sandstone, shale, slate, limestone, or schist as much as 6 inches (15 centimeters) along the longest axis. A single piece is called a channer. Chemical treatment Control of unwanted vegetation through the use of chemicals. Chiseling Tillage with an implement having one or more soil -penetrating points that shatter or loosen hard, compacted layers to a depth below normal plow depth. Cirque A steep -walled, semicircular or crescent-shaped, half -bowl -like recess or hollow, commonly situated at the head of a glaciated mountain valley or high on the side of a mountain. It was produced by the erosive activity of a mountain glacier. It commonly contains a small round lake (tarn). 124 Custom Soil Resource Report Clay As a soil separate, the mineral soil particles less than 0.002 millimeter in diameter. As a soil textural class, soil material that is 40 percent or more clay, less than 45 percent sand, and less than 40 percent silt. Clay depletions See Redoximorphic features. Clay film A thin coating of oriented clay on the surface of a soil aggregate or lining pores or root channels. Synonyms: clay coating, clay skin. Clay spot (map symbol) A spot where the surface texture is silty clay or clay in areas where the surface layer of the soils in the surrounding map unit is sandy loam, loam, silt loam, or coarser. Claypan A dense, compact subsoil layer that contains much more clay than the overlying materials, from which it is separated by a sharply defined boundary. The layer restricts the downward movement of water through the soil. A claypan is commonly hard when dry and plastic and sticky when wet. Climax plant community The stabilized plant community on a particular site. The plant cover reproduces itself and does not change so long as the environment remains the same. Coarse textured soil Sand or loamy sand. Cobble (or cobblestone) A rounded or partly rounded fragment of rock 3 to 10 inches (7.6 to 25 centimeters) in diameter. Cobbly soil material Material that has 15 to 35 percent, by volume, rounded or partially rounded rock fragments 3 to 10 inches (7.6 to 25 centimeters) in diameter. Very cobbly soil material has 35 to 60 percent of these rock fragments, and extremely cobbly soil material has more than 60 percent. COLE (coefficient of linear extensibility) See Linear extensibility. Colluvium Unconsolidated, unsorted earth material being transported or deposited on side slopes and/or at the base of slopes by mass movement (e.g., direct gravitational action) and by local, unconcentrated runoff. 125 Custom Soil Resource Report Complex slope Irregular or variable slope. Planning or establishing terraces, diversions, and other water -control structures on a complex slope is difficult. Complex, soil A map unit of two or more kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or so small in area that it is not practical to map them separately at the selected scale of mapping. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas. Concretions See Redoximorphic features. Conglomerate A coarse grained, clastic sedimentary rock composed of rounded or subangular rock fragments more than 2 millimeters in diameter. It commonly has a matrix of sand and finer textured material. Conglomerate is the consolidated equivalent of gravel. Conservation cropping system Growing crops in combination with needed cultural and management practices. In a good conservation cropping system, the soil -improving crops and practices more than offset the effects of the soil -depleting crops and practices. Cropping systems are needed on all tilled soils. Soil -improving practices in a conservation cropping system include the use of rotations that contain grasses and legumes and the return of crop residue to the soil. Other practices include the use of green manure crops of grasses and legumes, proper tillage, adequate fertilization, and weed and pest control. Conservation tillage A tillage system that does not invert the soil and that leaves a protective amount of crop residue on the surface throughout the year. Consistence, soil Refers to the degree of cohesion and adhesion of soil material and its resistance to deformation when ruptured. Consistence includes resistance of soil material to rupture and to penetration; plasticity, toughness, and stickiness of puddled soil material; and the manner in which the soil material behaves when subject to compression. Terms describing consistence are defined in the "Soil Survey Manual." Contour striperopping Growing crops in strips that follow the contour. Strips of grass or close -growing crops are alternated with strips of clean -tilled crops or summer fallow. Control section The part of the soil on which classification is based. The thickness varies among different kinds of soil, but for many it is that part of the soil profile between depths of 10 inches and 40 or 80 inches. 126 Custom Soil Resource Report Coprogenous earth (sedimentary peat) A type of limnic layer composed predominantly of fecal material derived from aquatic animals. Corrosion (geomorphology) A process of erosion whereby rocks and soil are removed or worn away by natural chemical processes, especially by the solvent action of running water, but also by other reactions, such as hydrolysis, hydration, carbonation, and oxidation. Corrosion (soil survey interpretations) Soil -induced electrochemical or chemical action that dissolves or weakens concrete or uncoated steel. Cover crop A close -growing crop grown primarily to improve and protect the soil between periods of regular crop production, or a crop grown between trees and vines in orchards and vineyards. Crop residue management Returning crop residue to the soil, which helps to maintain soil structure, organic matter content, and fertility and helps to control erosion. Cropping system Growing crops according to a planned system of rotation and management practices. Cross -slope farming Deliberately conducting farming operations on sloping farmland in such a way that tillage is across the general slope. Crown The upper part of a tree or shrub, including the living branches and their foliage. Cryoturbate A mass of soil or other unconsolidated earthy material moved or disturbed by frost action. It is typically coarser than the underlying material. Cuesta An asymmetric ridge capped by resistant rock layers of slight or moderate dip (commonly less than 15 percent slopes); a type of homocline produced by differential erosion of interbedded resistant and weak rocks. A cuesta has a long, gentle slope on one side (dip slope) that roughly parallels the inclined beds; on the other side, it has a relatively short and steep or clifflike slope (scarp) that cuts through the tilted rocks. Culmination of the mean annual increment (CMAI) The average annual increase per acre in the volume of a stand. Computed by dividing the total volume of the stand by its age. As the stand increases in age, 127 Custom Soil Resource Report the mean annual increment continues to increase until mortality begins to reduce the rate of increase. The point where the stand reaches its maximum annual rate of growth is called the culmination of the mean annual increment. Cutbanks cave The walls of excavations tend to cave in or slough. Decreasers The most heavily grazed climax range plants. Because they are the most palatable, they are the first to be destroyed by overgrazing. Deferred grazing Postponing grazing or resting grazing land for a prescribed period. Delta A body of alluvium having a surface that is fan shaped and nearly flat; deposited at or near the mouth of a river or stream where it enters a body of relatively quiet water, generally a sea or lake. Dense layer A very firm, massive layer that has a bulk density of more than 1.8 grams per cubic centimeter. Such a layer affects the ease of digging and can affect filling and compacting. Depression, closed (map symbol) A shallow, saucer-shaped area that is slightly lower on the landscape than the surrounding area and that does not have a natural outlet for surface drainage. Depth, soil Generally, the thickness of the soil over bedrock. Very deep soils are more than 60 inches deep over bedrock; deep soils, 40 to 60 inches; moderately deep, 20 to 40 inches; shallow, 10 to 20 inches; and very shallow, less than 10 inches. Desert pavement A natural, residual concentration or layer of wind -polished, closely packed gravel, boulders, and other rock fragments mantling a desert surface. It forms where wind action and sheetwash have removed all smaller particles or where rock fragments have migrated upward through sediments to the surface. It typically protects the finer grained underlying material from further erosion. Diatomaceous earth A geologic deposit of fine, grayish siliceous material composed chiefly or entirely of the remains of diatoms. Dip slope A slope of the land surface, roughly determined by and approximately conforming to the dip of the underlying bedrock. 128 Custom Soil Resource Report Diversion (or diversion terrace) A ridge of earth, generally a terrace, built to protect downslope areas by diverting runoff from its natural course. Divided -slope farming A form of field striperopping in which crops are grown in a systematic arrangement of two strips, or bands, across the slope to reduce the hazard of water erosion. One strip is in a close -growing crop that provides protection from erosion, and the other strip is in a crop that provides less protection from erosion. This practice is used where slopes are not long enough to permit a full striperopping pattern to be used. Drainage class (natural) Refers to the frequency and duration of wet periods under conditions similar to those under which the soil formed. Alterations of the water regime by human activities, either through drainage or irrigation, are not a consideration unless they have significantly changed the morphology of the soil. Seven classes of natural soil drainage are recognized—excessively drained, somewhat excessively drained, well drained, moderately well drained, somewhat poorly drained, poorly drained, and very poorly drained. These classes are defined in the "Soil Survey Manual." Drainage, surface Runoff, or surface flow of water, from an area. Drainageway A general term for a course or channel along which water moves in draining an area. A term restricted to relatively small, linear depressions that at some time move concentrated water and either do not have a defined channel or have only a small defined channel. Draw A small stream valley that generally is shallower and more open than a ravine or gulch and that has a broader bottom. The present stream channel may appear inadequate to have cut the drainageway that it occupies. Drift A general term applied to all mineral material (clay, silt, sand, gravel, and boulders) transported by a glacier and deposited directly by or from the ice or transported by running water emanating from a glacier. Drift includes unstratified material (till) that forms moraines and stratified deposits that form outwash plains, eskers, kames, varves, and glaciofluvial sediments. The term is generally applied to Pleistocene glacial deposits in areas that no longer contain glaciers. Drumlin A low, smooth, elongated oval hill, mound, or ridge of compact till that has a core of bedrock or drift. It commonly has a blunt nose facing the direction from which the ice approached and a gentler slope tapering in the other direction. The longer axis is parallel to the general direction of glacier flow. Drumlins are products of 129 Custom Soil Resource Report streamline (laminar) flow of glaciers, which molded the subglacial floor through a combination of erosion and deposition. Duff A generally firm organic layer on the surface of mineral soils. It consists of fallen plant material that is in the process of decomposition and includes everything from the litter on the surface to underlying pure humus. Dune A low mound, ridge, bank, or hill of loose, windblown granular material (generally sand), either barren and capable of movement from place to place or covered and stabilized with vegetation but retaining its characteristic shape. Earthy fill See Mine spoil. Ecological site An area where climate, soil, and relief are sufficiently uniform to produce a distinct natural plant community. An ecological site is the product of all the environmental factors responsible for its development. It is typified by an association of species that differ from those on other ecological sites in kind and/or proportion of species or in total production. Eluviation The movement of material in true solution or colloidal suspension from one place to another within the soil. Soil horizons that have lost material through eluviation are eluvial; those that have received material are illuvial. Endosaturation A type of saturation of the soil in which all horizons between the upper boundary of saturation and a depth of 2 meters are saturated. Eolian deposit Sand-, silt-, or clay -sized clastic material transported and deposited primarily by wind, commonly in the form of a dune or a sheet of sand or loess. Ephemeral stream A stream, or reach of a stream, that flows only in direct response to precipitation. It receives no long -continued supply from melting snow or other source, and its channel is above the water table at all times. Episaturation A type of saturation indicating a perched water table in a soil in which saturated layers are underlain by one or more unsaturated layers within 2 meters of the surface. Erosion The wearing away of the land surface by water, wind, ice, or other geologic agents and by such processes as gravitational creep. 130 Custom Soil Resource Report Erosion (accelerated) Erosion much more rapid than geologic erosion, mainly as a result of human or animal activities or of a catastrophe in nature, such as a fire, that exposes the surface. Erosion (geologic) Erosion caused by geologic processes acting over long geologic periods and resulting in the wearing away of mountains and the building up of such landscape features as flood plains and coastal plains. Synonym: natural erosion. Erosion pavement A surficial lag concentration or layer of gravel and other rock fragments that remains on the soil surface after sheet or rill erosion or wind has removed the finer soil particles and that tends to protect the underlying soil from further erosion. Erosion surface A land surface shaped by the action of erosion, especially by running water. Escarpment A relatively continuous and steep slope or cliff breaking the general continuity of more gently sloping land surfaces and resulting from erosion or faulting. Most commonly applied to cliffs produced by differential erosion. Synonym: scarp. Escarpment, bedrock (map symbol) A relatively continuous and steep slope or cliff, produced by erosion or faulting, that breaks the general continuity of more gently sloping land surfaces. Exposed material is hard or soft bedrock. Escarpment, nonbedrock (map symbol) A relatively continuous and steep slope or cliff, generally produced by erosion but in some places produced by faulting, that breaks the continuity of more gently sloping land surfaces. Exposed earthy material is nonsoil or very shallow soil. Esker A long, narrow, sinuous, steep -sided ridge of stratified sand and gravel deposited as the bed of a stream flowing in an ice tunnel within or below the ice (subglacial) or between ice walls on top of the ice of a wasting glacier and left behind as high ground when the ice melted. Eskers range in length from less than a kilometer to more than 160 kilometers and in height from 3 to 30 meters. Extrusive rock Igneous rock derived from deep-seated molten matter (magma) deposited and cooled on the earth's surface. Fallow Cropland left idle in order to restore productivity through accumulation of moisture. Summer fallow is common in regions of limited rainfall where cereal grain is grown. 131 Custom Soil Resource Report The soil is tilled for at least one growing season for weed control and decomposition of plant residue. Fan remnant A general term for landforms that are the remaining parts of older fan landforms, such as alluvial fans, that have been either dissected or partially buried. Fertility, soil The quality that enables a soil to provide plant nutrients, in adequate amounts and in proper balance, for the growth of specified plants when light, moisture, temperature, tilth, and other growth factors are favorable. Fibric soil material (peat) The least decomposed of all organic soil material. Peat contains a large amount of well preserved fiber that is readily identifiable according to botanical origin. Peat has the lowest bulk density and the highest water content at saturation of all organic soil material. Field moisture capacity The moisture content of a soil, expressed as a percentage of the ovendry weight, after the gravitational, or free, water has drained away; the field moisture content 2 or 3 days after a soaking rain; also called normal field capacity, normal moisture capacity, or capillary capacity. Fill slope A sloping surface consisting of excavated soil material from a road cut. It commonly is on the downhill side of the road. Fine textured soil Sandy clay, silty clay, or clay. Firebreak An area cleared of flammable material to stop or help control creeping or running fires. It also serves as a line from which to work and to facilitate the movement of firefighters and equipment. Designated roads also serve as firebreaks. First bottom An obsolete, informal term loosely applied to the lowest flood -plain steps that are subject to regular flooding. Flaggy soil material Material that has, by volume, 15 to 35 percent flagstones. Very flaggy soil material has 35 to 60 percent flagstones, and extremely flaggy soil material has more than 60 percent flagstones. Flagstone A thin fragment of sandstone, limestone, slate, shale, or (rarely) schist 6 to 15 inches (15 to 38 centimeters) long. 132 Custom Soil Resource Report Flood plain The nearly level plain that borders a stream and is subject to flooding unless protected artificially. Flood -plain landforms A variety of constructional and erosional features produced by stream channel migration and flooding. Examples include backswamps, flood -plain splays, meanders, meander belts, meander scrolls, oxbow lakes, and natural levees. Flood -plain splay A fan -shaped deposit or other outspread deposit formed where an overloaded stream breaks through a levee (natural or artificial) and deposits its material (commonly coarse grained) on the flood plain. Flood -plain step An essentially flat, terrace -like alluvial surface within a valley that is frequently covered by floodwater from the present stream; any approximately horizontal surface still actively modified by fluvial scour and/or deposition. May occur individually or as a series of steps. Fluvial Of or pertaining to rivers or streams; produced by stream or river action. Foothills A region of steeply sloping hills that fringes a mountain range or high -plateau escarpment. The hills have relief of as much as 1,000 feet (300 meters). Footslope The concave surface at the base of a hillslope. A footslope is a transition zone between upslope sites of erosion and transport (shoulders and backslopes) and downslope sites of deposition (toeslopes). Forb Any herbaceous plant not a grass or a sedge. Forest cover All trees and other woody plants (underbrush) covering the ground in a forest. Forest type A stand of trees similar in composition and development because of given physical and biological factors by which it may be differentiated from other stands. Fragipan A loamy, brittle subsurface horizon low in porosity and content of organic matter and low or moderate in clay but high in silt or very fine sand. A fragipan appears cemented and restricts roots. When dry, it is hard or very hard and has a higher bulk density than the horizon or horizons above. When moist, it tends to rupture suddenly under pressure rather than to deform slowly. 133 Custom Soil Resource Report Genesis, soil The mode of origin of the soil. Refers especially to the processes or soil -forming factors responsible for the formation of the solum, or true soil, from the unconsolidated parent material. Gilgai Commonly, a succession of microbasins and microknolls in nearly level areas or of microvalleys and microridges parallel with the slope. Typically, the microrelief of clayey soils that shrink and swell considerably with changes in moisture content. Glaciofluvial deposits Material moved by glaciers and subsequently sorted and deposited by streams flowing from the melting ice. The deposits are stratified and occur in the form of outwash plains, valley trains, deltas, kames, eskers, and kame terraces. Glaciolacustrine deposits Material ranging from fine clay to sand derived from glaciers and deposited in glacial lakes mainly by glacial meltwater. Many deposits are bedded or laminated. Gleyed soil Soil that formed under poor drainage, resulting in the reduction of iron and other elements in the profile and in gray colors. Graded striperopping Growing crops in strips that grade toward a protected waterway. Grassed waterway A natural or constructed waterway, typically broad and shallow, seeded to grass as protection against erosion. Conducts surface water away from cropland. Gravel Rounded or angular fragments of rock as much as 3 inches (2 millimeters to 7.6 centimeters) in diameter. An individual piece is a pebble. Gravel pit (map symbol) An open excavation from which soil and underlying material have been removed and used, without crushing, as a source of sand or gravel. Gravelly soil material Material that has 15 to 35 percent, by volume, rounded or angular rock fragments, not prominently flattened, as much as 3 inches (7.6 centimeters) in diameter. Gravelly spot (map symbol) A spot where the surface layer has more than 35 percent, by volume, rock fragments that are mostly less than 3 inches in diameter in an area that has less than 15 percent rock fragments. 134 Custom Soil Resource Report Green manure crop (agronomy) A soil -improving crop grown to be plowed under in an early stage of maturity or soon after maturity. Ground water Water filling all the unblocked pores of the material below the water table. Gully (map symbol) A small, steep -sided channel caused by erosion and cut in unconsolidated materials by concentrated but intermittent flow of water. The distinction between a gully and a rill is one of depth. A gully generally is an obstacle to farm machinery and is too deep to be obliterated by ordinary tillage whereas a rill is of lesser depth and can be smoothed over by ordinary tillage. Hard bedrock Bedrock that cannot be excavated except by blasting or by the use of special equipment that is not commonly used in construction. Hard to reclaim Reclamation is difficult after the removal of soil for construction and other uses. Revegetation and erosion control are extremely difficult. Hardpan A hardened or cemented soil horizon, or layer. The soil material is sandy, loamy, or clayey and is cemented by iron oxide, silica, calcium carbonate, or other substance. Head slope (geomorphology) A geomorphic component of hills consisting of a laterally concave area of a hillside, especially at the head of a drainageway. The overland waterflow is converging. Hemic soil material (mucky peat) Organic soil material intermediate in degree of decomposition between the less decomposed fibric material and the more decomposed sapric material. High -residue crops Such crops as small grain and corn used for grain. If properly managed, residue from these crops can be used to control erosion until the next crop in the rotation is established. These crops return large amounts of organic matter to the soil. Hill A generic term for an elevated area of the land surface, rising as much as 1,000 feet above surrounding lowlands, commonly of limited summit area and having a well defined outline. Slopes are generally more than 15 percent. The distinction between a hill and a mountain is arbitrary and may depend on local usage. 135 Custom Soil Resource Report Hillslope A generic term for the steeper part of a hill between its summit and the drainage line, valley flat, or depression floor at the base of a hill. Horizon, soil A layer of soil, approximately parallel to the surface, having distinct characteristics produced by soil -forming processes. In the identification of soil horizons, an uppercase letter represents the major horizons. Numbers or lowercase letters that follow represent subdivisions of the major horizons. An explanation of the subdivisions is given in the "Soil Survey Manual." The major horizons of mineral soil are as follows: O horizon: An organic layer of fresh and decaying plant residue. L horizon: A layer of organic and mineral limnic materials, including coprogenous earth (sedimentary peat), diatomaceous earth, and marl. A horizon: The mineral horizon at or near the surface in which an accumulation of humified organic matter is mixed with the mineral material. Also, a plowed surface horizon, most of which was originally part of a B horizon. E horizon: The mineral horizon in which the main feature is loss of silicate clay, iron, aluminum, or some combination of these. B horizon: The mineral horizon below an A horizon. The B horizon is in part a layer of transition from the overlying A to the underlying C horizon. The B horizon also has distinctive characteristics, such as (1) accumulation of clay, sesquioxides, humus, or a combination of these; (2) prismatic or blocky structure; (3) redder or browner colors than those in the A horizon; or (4) a combination of these. C horizon: The mineral horizon or layer, excluding indurated bedrock, that is little affected by soil -forming processes and does not have the properties typical of the overlying soil material. The material of a C horizon may be either like or unlike that in which the solum formed. If the material is known to differ from that in the solum, an Arabic numeral, commonly a 2, precedes the letter C. Cr horizon: Soft, consolidated bedrock beneath the soil. R layer: Consolidated bedrock beneath the soil. The bedrock commonly underlies a C horizon, but it can be directly below an A or a B horizon. M layer: A root -limiting subsoil layer consisting of nearly continuous, horizontally oriented, human -manufactured materials. W layer.: A layer of water within or beneath the soil. Humus The well decomposed, more or less stable part of the organic matter in mineral soils. Hydrologic soil groups Refers to soils grouped according to their runoff potential. The soil properties that influence this potential are those that affect the minimum rate of water infiltration on a bare soil during periods after prolonged wetting when the soil is not frozen. These properties include depth to a seasonal high water table, the infiltration rate, and depth to a layer that significantly restricts the downward movement of water. The slope and the kind of plant cover are not considered but are separate factors in predicting runoff. 136 Custom Soil Resource Report Igneous rock Rock that was formed by cooling and solidification of magma and that has not been changed appreciably by weathering since its formation. Major varieties include plutonic and volcanic rock (e.g., andesite, basalt, and granite). Illuviation The movement of soil material from one horizon to another in the soil profile. Generally, material is removed from an upper horizon and deposited in a lower horizon. Impervious soil A soil through which water, air, or roots penetrate slowly or not at all. No soil is absolutely impervious to air and water all the time. Increasers Species in the climax vegetation that increase in amount as the more desirable plants are reduced by close grazing. Increasers commonly are the shorter plants and the less palatable to livestock. Infiltration The downward entry of water into the immediate surface of soil or other material, as contrasted with percolation, which is movement of water through soil layers or material. Infiltration capacity The maximum rate at which water can infiltrate into a soil under a given set of conditions. Infiltration rate The rate at which water penetrates the surface of the soil at any given instant, usually expressed in inches per hour. The rate can be limited by the infiltration capacity of the soil or the rate at which water is applied at the surface. Intake rate The average rate of water entering the soil under irrigation. Most soils have a fast initial rate; the rate decreases with application time. Therefore, intake rate for design purposes is not a constant but is a variable depending on the net irrigation application. The rate of water intake, in inches per hour, is expressed as follows: Very low: Less than 0.2 Low: 0.2 to 0.4 Moderately low: 0.4 to 0.75 Moderate: 0.75 to 1.25 Moderately high: 1.25 to 1.75 High: 1.75 to 2.5 Very high: More than 2.5 137 Custom Soil Resource Report Interfluve A landform composed of the relatively undissected upland or ridge between two adjacent valleys containing streams flowing in the same general direction. An elevated area between two drainageways that sheds water to those drainageways. Interfluve (geomorphology) A geomorphic component of hills consisting of the uppermost, comparatively level or gently sloping area of a hill; shoulders of backwearing hillslopes can narrow the upland or can merge, resulting in a strongly convex shape. Intermittent stream A stream, or reach of a stream, that does not flow year-round but that is commonly dry for 3 or more months out of 12 and whose channel is generally below the local water table. It flows only during wet periods or when it receives ground -water discharge or long, continued contributions from melting snow or other surface and shallow subsurface sources. Invaders On range, plants that encroach into an area and grow after the climax vegetation has been reduced by grazing. Generally, plants invade following disturbance of the surface. Iron depletions See Redoximorphic features. Irrigation Application of water to soils to assist in production of crops. Methods of irrigation are: Basin: Water is applied rapidly to nearly level plains surrounded by levees or dikes. Border: Water is applied at the upper end of a strip in which the lateral flow of water is controlled by small earth ridges called border dikes, or borders. Controlled flooding: Water is released at intervals from closely spaced field ditches and distributed uniformly over the field. Corrugation: Water is applied to small, closely spaced furrows or ditches in fields of close -growing crops or in orchards so that it flows in only one direction. Drip (or trickle): Water is applied slowly and under low pressure to the surface of the soil or into the soil through such applicators as emitters, porous tubing, or perforated pipe. Furrow: Water is applied in small ditches made by cultivation implements. Furrows are used for tree and row crops. Sprinkler.: Water is sprayed over the soil surface through pipes or nozzles from a pressure system. Subirrigation: Water is applied in open ditches or tile lines until the water table is raised enough to wet the soil. Wild flooding: Water, released at high points, is allowed to flow onto an area without controlled distribution. 138 Custom Soil Resource Report Kame A low mound, knob, hummock, or short irregular ridge composed of stratified sand and gravel deposited by a subglacial stream as a fan or delta at the margin of a melting glacier; by a supraglacial stream in a low place or hole on the surface of the glacier; or as a ponded deposit on the surface or at the margin of stagnant ice. Karst (topography) A kind of topography that formed in limestone, gypsum, or other soluble rocks by dissolution and that is characterized by closed depressions, sinkholes, caves, and underground drainage. Knoll A small, low, rounded hill rising above adjacent landforms. Ksat See Saturated hydraulic conductivity. Lacustrine deposit Material deposited in lake water and exposed when the water level is lowered or the elevation of the land is raised. Lake plain A nearly level surface marking the floor of an extinct lake filled by well sorted, generally fine textured, stratified deposits, commonly containing varves. Lake terrace A narrow shelf, partly cut and partly built, produced along a lakeshore in front of a scarp line of low cliffs and later exposed when the water level falls. Landfill (map symbol) An area of accumulated waste products of human habitation, either above or below natural ground level. Landslide A general, encompassing term for most types of mass movement landforms and processes involving the downslope transport and outward deposition of soil and rock materials caused by gravitational forces; the movement may or may not involve saturated materials. The speed and distance of movement, as well as the amount of soil and rock material, vary greatly. Large stones Rock fragments 3 inches (7.6 centimeters) or more across. Large stones adversely affect the specified use of the soil. Lava flow (map symbol) A solidified, commonly lobate body of rock formed through lateral, surface outpouring of molten lava from a vent or fissure. 139 Custom Soil Resource Report Leaching The removal of soluble material from soil or other material by percolating water. Levee (map symbol) An embankment that confines or controls water, especially one built along the banks of a river to prevent overflow onto lowlands. Linear extensibility Refers to the change in length of an unconfined clod as moisture content is decreased from a moist to a dry state. Linear extensibility is used to determine the shrink -swell potential of soils. It is an expression of the volume change between the water content of the clod at 1/3- or 1/10 -bar tension (33kPa or 10kPa tension) and oven dryness. Volume change is influenced by the amount and type of clay minerals in the soil. The volume change is the percent change for the whole soil. If it is expressed as a fraction, the resulting value is COLE, coefficient of linear extensibility. Liquid limit The moisture content at which the soil passes from a plastic to a liquid state. Loam Soil material that is 7 to 27 percent clay particles, 28 to 50 percent silt particles, and less than 52 percent sand particles. Loess Material transported and deposited by wind and consisting dominantly of silt -sized particles. Low strength The soil is not strong enough to support loads. Low -residue crops Such crops as corn used for silage, peas, beans, and potatoes. Residue from these crops is not adequate to control erosion until the next crop in the rotation is established. These crops return little organic matter to the soil. Marl An earthy, unconsolidated deposit consisting chiefly of calcium carbonate mixed with clay in approximately equal proportions; formed primarily under freshwater lacustrine conditions but also formed in more saline environments. Marsh or swamp (map symbol) A water -saturated, very poorly drained area that is intermittently or permanently covered by water. Sedges, cattails, and rushes are the dominant vegetation in marshes, and trees or shrubs are the dominant vegetation in swamps. Not used in map units where the named soils are poorly drained or very poorly drained. 140 Custom Soil Resource Report Mass movement A generic term for the dislodgment and downslope transport of soil and rock material as a unit under direct gravitational stress. Masses See Redoximorphic features. Meander belt The zone within which migration of a meandering channel occurs; the flood -plain area included between two imaginary lines drawn tangential to the outer bends of active channel loops. Meander scar A crescent-shaped, concave or linear mark on the face of a bluff or valley wall, produced by the lateral erosion of a meandering stream that impinged upon and undercut the bluff. Meander scroll One of a series of long, parallel, close -fitting, crescent-shaped ridges and troughs formed along the inner bank of a stream meander as the channel migrated laterally down -valley and toward the outer bank. Mechanical treatment Use of mechanical equipment for seeding, brush management, and other management practices. Medium textured soil Very fine sandy loam, loam, silt loam, or silt. Mesa A broad, nearly flat topped and commonly isolated landmass bounded by steep slopes or precipitous cliffs and capped by layers of resistant, nearly horizontal rocky material. The summit width is characteristically greater than the height of the bounding escarpments. Metamorphic rock Rock of any origin altered in mineralogical composition, chemical composition, or structure by heat, pressure, and movement at depth in the earth's crust. Nearly all such rocks are crystalline. Mine or quarry (map symbol) An open excavation from which soil and underlying material have been removed and in which bedrock is exposed. Also denotes surface openings to underground mines. Mine spoil An accumulation of displaced earthy material, rock, or other waste material removed during mining or excavation. Also called earthy fill. 141 Custom Soil Resource Report Mineral soil Soil that is mainly mineral material and low in organic material. Its bulk density is more than that of organic soil. Minimum tillage Only the tillage essential to crop production and prevention of soil damage. Miscellaneous area A kind of map unit that has little or no natural soil and supports little or no vegetation. Miscellaneous water (map symbol) Small, constructed bodies of water that are used for industrial, sanitary, or mining applications and that contain water most of the year. Moderately coarse textured soil Coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, or fine sandy loam. Moderately fine textured soil Clay loam, sandy clay loam, or silty clay loam. Mollic epipedon A thick, dark, humus -rich surface horizon (or horizons) that has high base saturation and pedogenic soil structure. It may include the upper part of the subsoil. Moraine In terms of glacial geology, a mound, ridge, or other topographically distinct accumulation of unsorted, unstratified drift, predominantly till, deposited primarily by the direct action of glacial ice in a variety of landforms. Also, a general term for a landform composed mainly of till (except for kame moraines, which are composed mainly of stratified outwash) that has been deposited by a glacier. Some types of moraines are disintegration, end, ground, kame, lateral, recessional, and terminal. Morphology, soil The physical makeup of the soil, including the texture, structure, porosity, consistence, color, and other physical, mineral, and biological properties of the various horizons, and the thickness and arrangement of those horizons in the soil profile. Mottling, soil Irregular spots of different colors that vary in number and size. Descriptive terms are as follows: abundance—few, common, and many; size—fine, medium, and coarse; and contrast—faint, distinct, and prominent. The size measurements are of the diameter along the greatest dimension. Fine indicates less than 5 millimeters (about 0.2 inch); medium, from 5 to 15 millimeters (about 0.2 to 0.6 inch); and coarse, more than 15 millimeters (about 0.6 inch). 142 Custom Soil Resource Report Mountain A generic term for an elevated area of the land surface, rising more than 1,000 feet (300 meters) above surrounding lowlands, commonly of restricted summit area (relative to a plateau) and generally having steep sides. A mountain can occur as a single, isolated mass or in a group forming a chain or range. Mountains are formed primarily by tectonic activity and/or volcanic action but can also be formed by differential erosion. Muck Dark, finely divided, well decomposed organic soil material. (See Sapric soil material.) Mucky peat See Hemic soil material. Mudstone A blocky or massive, fine grained sedimentary rock in which the proportions of clay and silt are approximately equal. Also, a general term for such material as clay, silt, claystone, siltstone, shale, and argillite and that should be used only when the amounts of clay and silt are not known or cannot be precisely identified. Munsell notation A designation of color by degrees of three simple variables—hue, value, and chroma. For example, a notation of 10YR 6/4 is a color with hue of 10YR, value of 6, and chroma of 4. Natric horizon A special kind of argillic horizon that contains enough exchangeable sodium to have an adverse effect on the physical condition of the subsoil. Neutral soil A soil having a pH value of 6.6 to 7.3. (See Reaction, soil.) Nodules See Redoximorphic features. Nose slope (geomorphology) A geomorphic component of hills consisting of the projecting end (laterally convex area) of a hillside. The overland waterflow is predominantly divergent. Nose slopes consist dominantly of colluvium and slope -wash sediments (for example, slope alluvium). Nutrient, plant Any element taken in by a plant essential to its growth. Plant nutrients are mainly nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, boron, and zinc obtained from the soil and carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen obtained from the air and water. 143 Custom Soil Resource Report Organic matter Plant and animal residue in the soil in various stages of decomposition. The content of organic matter in the surface layer is described as follows: Very low: Less than 0.5 percent Low: 0.5 to 1.0 percent Moderately low: 1.0 to 2.0 percent Moderate: 2.0 to 4.0 percent High: 4.0 to 8.0 percent Very high: More than 8.0 percent Outwash Stratified and sorted sediments (chiefly sand and gravel) removed or "washed out" from a glacier by meltwater streams and deposited in front of or beyond the end moraine or the margin of a glacier. The coarser material is deposited nearer to the ice. Outwash plain An extensive lowland area of coarse textured glaciofluvial material. An outwash plain is commonly smooth; where pitted, it generally is low in relief. Paleoterrace Pan An erosional remnant of a terrace that retains the surface form and alluvial deposits of its origin but was not emplaced by, and commonly does not grade to, a present-day stream or drainage network. A compact, dense layer in a soil that impedes the movement of water and the growth of roots. For example, hardpan, fragipan, claypan, plowpan, and traffic pan. Parent material The unconsolidated organic and mineral material in which soil forms. Peat Ped Unconsolidated material, largely undecomposed organic matter, that has accumulated under excess moisture. (See Fibric soil material.) An individual natural soil aggregate, such as a granule, a prism, or a block. Pedisediment A layer of sediment, eroded from the shoulder and backslope of an erosional slope, that lies on and is being (or was) transported across a gently sloping erosional surface at the foot of a receding hill or mountain slope. 144 Custom Soil Resource Report Pedon The smallest volume that can be called "a soil." A pedon is three dimensional and large enough to permit study of all horizons. Its area ranges from about 10 to 100 square feet (1 square meter to 10 square meters), depending on the variability of the soil. Percolation The movement of water through the soil. Perennial water (map symbol) Small, natural or constructed lakes, ponds, or pits that contain water most of the year. Permafrost Ground, soil, or rock that remains at or below 0 degrees C for at least 2 years. It is defined on the basis of temperature and is not necessarily frozen. pH value A numerical designation of acidity and alkalinity in soil. (See Reaction, soil.) Phase, soil A subdivision of a soil series based on features that affect its use and management, such as slope, stoniness, and flooding. Piping Formation of subsurface tunnels or pipelike cavities by water moving through the soil. Pitting Pits caused by melting around ice. They form on the soil after plant cover is removed. Plastic limit The moisture content at which a soil changes from semisolid to plastic. Plasticity index The numerical difference between the liquid limit and the plastic limit; the range of moisture content within which the soil remains plastic. Plateau (geomorphology) A comparatively flat area of great extent and elevation; specifically, an extensive land region that is considerably elevated (more than 100 meters) above the adjacent lower lying terrain, is commonly limited on at least one side by an abrupt descent, and has a flat or nearly level surface. A comparatively large part of a plateau surface is near summit level. 145 Custom Soil Resource Report Playa The generally dry and nearly level lake plain that occupies the lowest parts of closed depressions, such as those on intermontane basin floors. Temporary flooding occurs primarily in response to precipitation and runoff. Playa deposits are fine grained and may or may not have a high water table and saline conditions. Plinthite The sesquioxide-rich, humus -poor, highly weathered mixture of clay with quartz and other diluents. It commonly appears as red mottles, usually in platy, polygonal, or reticulate patterns. Plinthite changes irreversibly to an ironstone hardpan or to irregular aggregates on repeated wetting and drying, especially if it is exposed also to heat from the sun. In a moist soil, plinthite can be cut with a spade. It is a form of laterite. Plowpan A compacted layer formed in the soil directly below the plowed layer. Ponding Standing water on soils in closed depressions. Unless the soils are artificially drained, the water can be removed only by percolation or evapotranspiration. Poorly graded Refers to a coarse grained soil or soil material consisting mainly of particles of nearly the same size. Because there is little difference in size of the particles, density can be increased only slightly by compaction. Pore linings See Redoximorphic features. Potential native plant community See Climax plant community. Potential rooting depth (effective rooting depth) Depth to which roots could penetrate if the content of moisture in the soil were adequate. The soil has no properties restricting the penetration of roots to this depth. Prescribed burning Deliberately burning an area for specific management purposes, under the appropriate conditions of weather and soil moisture and at the proper time of day. Productivity, soil The capability of a soil for producing a specified plant or sequence of plants under specific management. Profile, soil A vertical section of the soil extending through all its horizons and into the parent material. 146 Custom Soil Resource Report Proper grazing use Grazing at an intensity that maintains enough cover to protect the soil and maintain or improve the quantity and quality of the desirable vegetation. This practice increases the vigor and reproduction capacity of the key plants and promotes the accumulation of litter and mulch necessary to conserve soil and water. Rangeland Land on which the potential natural vegetation is predominantly grasses, grasslike plants, forbs, or shrubs suitable for grazing or browsing. It includes natural grasslands, savannas, many wetlands, some deserts, tundras, and areas that support certain forb and shrub communities. Reaction, soil A measure of acidity or alkalinity of a soil, expressed as pH values. A soil that tests to pH 7.0 is described as precisely neutral in reaction because it is neither acid nor alkaline. The degrees of acidity or alkalinity, expressed as pH values, are: Ultra acid: Less than 3.5 Extremely acid: 3.5 to 4.4 Very strongly acid: 4.5 to 5.0 Strongly acid: 5.1 to 5.5 Moderately acid: 5.6 to 6.0 Slightly acid: 6.1 to 6.5 Neutral: 6.6 to 7.3 Slightly alkaline: 7.4 to 7.8 Moderately alkaline: 7.9 to 8.4 Strongly alkaline: 8.5 to 9.0 Very strongly alkaline: 9.1 and higher Red beds Sedimentary strata that are mainly red and are made up largely of sandstone and shale. Redoximorphic concentrations See Redoximorphic features. Redoximorphic depletions See Redoximorphic features. Redoximorphic features Redoximorphic features are associated with wetness and result from alternating periods of reduction and oxidation of iron and manganese compounds in the soil. Reduction occurs during saturation with water, and oxidation occurs when the soil is not saturated. Characteristic color patterns are created by these processes. The reduced iron and manganese ions may be removed from a soil if vertical or lateral fluxes of water occur, in which case there is no iron or manganese precipitation in that soil. Wherever the iron and manganese are oxidized and precipitated, they 147 Custom Soil Resource Report form either soft masses or hard concretions or nodules. Movement of iron and manganese as a result of redoximorphic processes in a soil may result in redoximorphic features that are defined as follows: 1. Redoximorphic concentrations.—These are zones of apparent accumulation of iron -manganese oxides, including: A. Nodules and concretions, which are cemented bodies that can be removed from the soil intact. Concretions are distinguished from nodules on the basis of internal organization. A concretion typically has concentric layers that are visible to the naked eye. Nodules do not have visible organized internal structure; and B. Masses, which are noncemented concentrations of substances within the soil matrix; and C. Pore linings, i.e., zones of accumulation along pores that may be either coatings on pore surfaces or impregnations from the matrix adjacent to the pores. 2. Redoximorphic depletions.—These are zones of low chroma (chromas less than those in the matrix) where either iron -manganese oxides alone or both iron -manganese oxides and clay have been stripped out, including: A. Iron depletions, i.e., zones that contain low amounts of iron and manganese oxides but have a clay content similar to that of the adjacent matrix; and B. Clay depletions, i.e., zones that contain low amounts of iron, manganese, and clay (often referred to as silt coatings or skeletans). 3. Reduced matrix.—This is a soil matrix that has low chroma in situ but undergoes a change in hue or chroma within 30 minutes after the soil material has been exposed to air. Reduced matrix See Redoximorphic features. Regolith All unconsolidated earth materials above the solid bedrock. It includes material weathered in place from all kinds of bedrock and alluvial, glacial, eolian, lacustrine, and pyroclastic deposits. Relief The relative difference in elevation between the upland summits and the lowlands or valleys of a given region. Residuum (residual soil material) Unconsolidated, weathered or partly weathered mineral material that accumulated as bedrock disintegrated in place. Rill A very small, steep -sided channel resulting from erosion and cut in unconsolidated materials by concentrated but intermittent flow of water. A rill generally is not an obstacle to wheeled vehicles and is shallow enough to be smoothed over by ordinary tillage. 148 Custom Soil Resource Report Riser The vertical or steep side slope (e.g., escarpment) of terraces, flood -plain steps, or other stepped landforms; commonly a recurring part of a series of natural, steplike landforms, such as successive stream terraces. Road cut A sloping surface produced by mechanical means during road construction. It is commonly on the uphill side of the road. Rock fragments Rock or mineral fragments having a diameter of 2 millimeters or more; for example, pebbles, cobbles, stones, and boulders. Rock outcrop (map symbol) An exposure of bedrock at the surface of the earth. Not used where the named soils of the surrounding map unit are shallow over bedrock or where "Rock outcrop" is a named component of the map unit. Root zone The part of the soil that can be penetrated by plant roots. Runoff The precipitation discharged into stream channels from an area. The water that flows off the surface of the land without sinking into the soil is called surface runoff. Water that enters the soil before reaching surface streams is called ground -water runoff or seepage flow from ground water. Saline soil A soil containing soluble salts in an amount that impairs growth of plants. A saline soil does not contain excess exchangeable sodium. Saline spot (map symbol) An area where the surface layer has an electrical conductivity of 8 mmhos/cm more than the surface layer of the named soils in the surrounding map unit. The surface layer of the surrounding soils has an electrical conductivity of 2 mmhos/ cm or less. Sand As a soil separate, individual rock or mineral fragments from 0.05 millimeter to 2.0 millimeters in diameter. Most sand grains consist of quartz. As a soil textural class, a soil that is 85 percent or more sand and not more than 10 percent clay. Sandstone Sedimentary rock containing dominantly sand -sized particles. 149 Custom Soil Resource Report Sandy spot (map symbol) A spot where the surface layer is loamy fine sand or coarser in areas where the surface layer of the named soils in the surrounding map unit is very fine sandy loam or finer. Sapric soil material (muck) The most highly decomposed of all organic soil material. Muck has the least amount of plant fiber, the highest bulk density, and the lowest water content at saturation of all organic soil material. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) The ease with which pores of a saturated soil transmit water. Formally, the proportionality coefficient that expresses the relationship of the rate of water movement to hydraulic gradient in Darcy's Law, a law that describes the rate of water movement through porous media. Commonly abbreviated as "Ksat." Terms describing saturated hydraulic conductivity are: Very high: 100 or more micrometers per second (14.17 or more inches per hour) High: 10 to 100 micrometers per second (1.417 to 14.17 inches per hour) Moderately high: 1 to 10 micrometers per second (0.1417 inch to 1.417 inches per hour) Moderately low: 0.1 to 1 micrometer per second (0.01417 to 0.1417 inch per hour) Low: 0.01 to 0.1 micrometer per second (0.001417 to 0.01417 inch per hour) Very low: Less than 0.01 micrometer per second (less than 0.001417 inch per hour). To convert inches per hour to micrometers per second, multiply inches per hour by 7.0572. To convert micrometers per second to inches per hour, multiply micrometers per second by 0.1417. Saturation Wetness characterized by zero or positive pressure of the soil water. Under conditions of saturation, the water will flow from the soil matrix into an unlined auger hole. Scarification The act of abrading, scratching, loosening, crushing, or modifying the surface to increase water absorption or to provide a more tillable soil. Sedimentary rock A consolidated deposit of clastic particles, chemical precipitates, or organic remains accumulated at or near the surface of the earth under normal low temperature and pressure conditions. Sedimentary rocks include consolidated equivalents of alluvium, colluvium, drift, and eolian, lacustrine, and marine deposits. Examples are sandstone, siltstone, mudstone, claystone, shale, conglomerate, limestone, dolomite, and coal. Sequum A sequence consisting of an illuvial horizon and the overlying eluvial horizon. (See Eluviation.) 150 Custom Soil Resource Report Series, soil A group of soils that have profiles that are almost alike, except for differences in texture of the surface layer. All the soils of a series have horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement. Severely eroded spot (map symbol) An area where, on the average, 75 percent or more of the original surface layer has been lost because of accelerated erosion. Not used in map units in which "severely eroded,""very severely eroded," or "gullied" is part of the map unit name. Shale Sedimentary rock that formed by the hardening of a deposit of clay, silty clay, or silty clay loam and that has a tendency to split into thin layers. Sheet erosion The removal of a fairly uniform layer of soil material from the land surface by the action of rainfall and surface runoff. Short, steep slope (map symbol) A narrow area of soil having slopes that are at least two slope classes steeper than the slope class of the surrounding map unit. Shoulder The convex, erosional surface near the top of a hillslope. A shoulder is a transition from summit to backslope. Shrink -swell The shrinking of soil when dry and the swelling when wet. Shrinking and swelling can damage roads, dams, building foundations, and other structures. It can also damage plant roots. Shrub -coppice dune A small, streamlined dune that forms around brush and clump vegetation. Side slope (geomorphology) A geomorphic component of hills consisting of a laterally planar area of a hillside. The overland waterflow is predominantly parallel. Side slopes are dominantly colluvium and slope -wash sediments. Silica A combination of silicon and oxygen. The mineral form is called quartz. Silica-sesquioxide ratio The ratio of the number of molecules of silica to the number of molecules of alumina and iron oxide. The more highly weathered soils or their clay fractions in warm -temperate, humid regions, and especially those in the tropics, generally have a low ratio. 151 Silt Custom Soil Resource Report As a soil separate, individual mineral particles that range in diameter from the upper limit of clay (0.002 millimeter) to the lower limit of very fine sand (0.05 millimeter). As a soil textural class, soil that is 80 percent or more silt and less than 12 percent clay. Siltstone An indurated silt having the texture and composition of shale but lacking its fine lamination or fissility; a massive mudstone in which silt predominates over clay. Similar soils Soils that share limits of diagnostic criteria, behave and perform in a similar manner, and have similar conservation needs or management requirements for the major land uses in the survey area. Sinkhole (map symbol) A closed, circular or elliptical depression, commonly funnel shaped, characterized by subsurface drainage and formed either by dissolution of the surface of underlying bedrock (e.g., limestone, gypsum, or salt) or by collapse of underlying caves within bedrock. Complexes of sinkholes in carbonate -rock terrain are the main components of karst topography. Site index A designation of the quality of a forest site based on the height of the dominant stand at an arbitrarily chosen age. For example, if the average height attained by dominant and codominant trees in a fully stocked stand at the age of 50 years is 75 feet, the site index is 75. Slickensides (pedogenic) Grooved, striated, and/or glossy (shiny) slip faces on structural peds, such as wedges; produced by shrink -swell processes, most commonly in soils that have a high content of expansive clays. Slide or slip (map symbol) A prominent landform scar or ridge caused by fairly recent mass movement or descent of earthy material resulting from failure of earth or rock under shear stress along one or several surfaces. Slope The inclination of the land surface from the horizontal. Percentage of slope is the vertical distance divided by horizontal distance, then multiplied by 100. Thus, a slope of 20 percent is a drop of 20 feet in 100 feet of horizontal distance. Slope alluvium Sediment gradually transported down the slopes of mountains or hills primarily by nonchannel alluvial processes (i.e., slope -wash processes) and characterized by particle sorting. Lateral particle sorting is evident on long slopes. In a profile sequence, sediments may be distinguished by differences in size and/or specific gravity of rock fragments and may be separated by stone lines. Burnished peds 152 Custom Soil Resource Report and sorting of rounded or subrounded pebbles or cobbles distinguish these materials from unsorted colluvial deposits. Slow refill The slow filling of ponds, resulting from restricted water transmission in the soil. Slow water movement Restricted downward movement of water through the soil. See Saturated hydraulic conductivity. Sodic (alkali) soil A soil having so high a degree of alkalinity (pH 8.5 or higher) or so high a percentage of exchangeable sodium (15 percent or more of the total exchangeable bases), or both, that plant growth is restricted. Sodic spot (map symbol) An area where the surface layer has a sodium adsorption ratio that is at least 10 more than that of the surface layer of the named soils in the surrounding map unit. The surface layer of the surrounding soils has a sodium adsorption ratio of 5 or less. Sodicity The degree to which a soil is affected by exchangeable sodium. Sodicity is expressed as a sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of a saturation extract, or the ratio of Na+ to Ca++ + Mg++. The degrees of sodicity and their respective ratios are: Slight: Less than 13:1 Moderate: 13-30:1 Strong: More than 30:1 Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) A measure of the amount of sodium (Na) relative to calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in the water extract from saturated soil paste. It is the ratio of the Na concentration divided by the square root of one-half of the Ca + Mg concentration. Soft bedrock Soil Bedrock that can be excavated with trenching machines, backhoes, small rippers, and other equipment commonly used in construction. A natural, three-dimensional body at the earth's surface. It is capable of supporting plants and has properties resulting from the integrated effect of climate and living matter acting on earthy parent material, as conditioned by relief and by the passage of time. Soil separates Mineral particles less than 2 millimeters in equivalent diameter and ranging between specified size limits. The names and sizes, in millimeters, of separates recognized in the United States are as follows: 153 Custom Soil Resource Report Very coarse sand: 2.0 to 1.0 Coarse sand: 1.0 to 0.5 Medium sand: 0.5 to 0.25 Fine sand: 0.25 to 0.10 Very fine sand: 0.10 to 0.05 Silt: 0.05 to 0.002 Clay: Less than 0.002 Solum The upper part of a soil profile, above the C horizon, in which the processes of soil formation are active. The solum in soil consists of the A, E, and B horizons. Generally, the characteristics of the material in these horizons are unlike those of the material below the solum. The living roots and plant and animal activities are largely confined to the solum. Spoil area (map symbol) A pile of earthy materials, either smoothed or uneven, resulting from human activity. Stone line In a vertical cross section, a line formed by scattered fragments or a discrete layer of angular and subangular rock fragments (commonly a gravel- or cobble -sized lag concentration) that formerly was draped across a topographic surface and was later buried by additional sediments. A stone line generally caps material that was subject to weathering, soil formation, and erosion before burial. Many stone lines seem to be buried erosion pavements, originally formed by sheet and rill erosion across the land surface. Stones Rock fragments 10 to 24 inches (25 to 60 centimeters) in diameter if rounded or 15 to 24 inches (38 to 60 centimeters) in length if flat. Stony Refers to a soil containing stones in numbers that interfere with or prevent tillage. Stony spot (map symbol) A spot where 0.01 to 0.1 percent of the soil surface is covered by rock fragments that are more than 10 inches in diameter in areas where the surrounding soil has no surface stones. Strath terrace A type of stream terrace; formed as an erosional surface cut on bedrock and thinly mantled with stream deposits (alluvium). Stream terrace One of a series of platforms in a stream valley, flanking and more or less parallel to the stream channel, originally formed near the level of the stream; represents 154 Custom Soil Resource Report the remnants of an abandoned flood plain, stream bed, or valley floor produced during a former state of fluvial erosion or deposition. Striperopping Growing crops in a systematic arrangement of strips or bands that provide vegetative barriers to wind erosion and water erosion. Structure, soil The arrangement of primary soil particles into compound particles or aggregates. The principal forms of soil structure are: Platy: Flat and laminated Prismatic: Vertically elongated and having flat tops Columnar: Vertically elongated and having rounded tops Angular blocky: Having faces that intersect at sharp angles (planes) Subangular blocky: Having subrounded and planar faces (no sharp angles) Granular: Small structural units with curved or very irregular faces Structureless soil horizons are defined as follows: Single grained: Entirely noncoherent (each grain by itself), as in loose sand Massive: Occurring as a coherent mass Stubble mulch Stubble or other crop residue left on the soil or partly worked into the soil. It protects the soil from wind erosion and water erosion after harvest, during preparation of a seedbed for the next crop, and during the early growing period of the new crop. Subsoil Technically, the B horizon; roughly, the part of the solum below plow depth. Subsoiling Tilling a soil below normal plow depth, ordinarily to shatter a hardpan or claypan. Substratum The part of the soil below the solum. Subsurface layer Any surface soil horizon (A, E, AB, or EB) below the surface layer. Summer fallow The tillage of uncropped land during the summer to control weeds and allow storage of moisture in the soil for the growth of a later crop. A practice common in semiarid regions, where annual precipitation is not enough to produce a crop every year. Summer fallow is frequently practiced before planting winter grain. 155 Custom Soil Resource Report Summit The topographically highest position of a hillslope. It has a nearly level (planar or only slightly convex) surface. Surface layer The soil ordinarily moved in tillage, or its equivalent in uncultivated soil, ranging in depth from 4 to 10 inches (10 to 25 centimeters). Frequently designated as the "plow layer," or the "Ap horizon." Surface soil The A, E, AB, and EB horizons, considered collectively. It includes all subdivisions of these horizons. Talus Rock fragments of any size or shape (commonly coarse and angular) derived from and lying at the base of a cliff or very steep rock slope. The accumulated mass of such loose broken rock formed chiefly by falling, rolling, or sliding. Taxadjuncts Soils that cannot be classified in a series recognized in the classification system. Such soils are named for a series they strongly resemble and are designated as taxadjuncts to that series because they differ in ways too small to be of consequence in interpreting their use and behavior. Soils are recognized as taxadjuncts only when one or more of their characteristics are slightly outside the range defined for the family of the series for which the soils are named. Terminal moraine An end moraine that marks the farthest advance of a glacier. It typically has the form of a massive arcuate or concentric ridge, or complex of ridges, and is underlain by till and other types of drift. Terrace (conservation) An embankment, or ridge, constructed across sloping soils on the contour or at a slight angle to the contour. The terrace intercepts surface runoff so that water soaks into the soil or flows slowly to a prepared outlet. A terrace in a field generally is built so that the field can be farmed. A terrace intended mainly for drainage has a deep channel that is maintained in permanent sod. Terrace (geomorphology) A steplike surface, bordering a valley floor or shoreline, that represents the former position of a flood plain, lake, or seashore. The term is usually applied both to the relatively flat summit surface (tread) that was cut or built by stream or wave action and to the steeper descending slope (scarp or riser) that has graded to a lower base level of erosion. Terracettes Small, irregular steplike forms on steep hillslopes, especially in pasture, formed by creep or erosion of surficial materials that may be induced or enhanced by trampling of livestock, such as sheep or cattle. 156 Custom Soil Resource Report Texture, soil The relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay particles in a mass of soil. The basic textural classes, in order of increasing proportion of fine particles, are sand, loamy sand, sandy loam, loam, silt loam, silt, sandy clay loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, sandy clay, silty clay, and clay. The sand, loamy sand, and sandy loam classes may be further divided by specifying "coarse,""fine," or "very fine." Thin layer Otherwise suitable soil material that is too thin for the specified use. Till Dominantly unsorted and nonstratified drift, generally unconsolidated and deposited directly by a glacier without subsequent reworking by meltwater, and consisting of a heterogeneous mixture of clay, silt, sand, gravel, stones, and boulders; rock fragments of various lithologies are embedded within a finer matrix that can range from clay to sandy loam. Till plain An extensive area of level to gently undulating soils underlain predominantly by till and bounded at the distal end by subordinate recessional or end moraines. Tilth, soil The physical condition of the soil as related to tillage, seedbed preparation, seedling emergence, and root penetration. Toeslope The gently inclined surface at the base of a hillslope. Toeslopes in profile are commonly gentle and linear and are constructional surfaces forming the lower part of a hillslope continuum that grades to valley or closed -depression floors. Topsoil The upper part of the soil, which is the most favorable material for plant growth. It is ordinarily rich in organic matter and is used to topdress roadbanks, lawns, and land affected by mining. Trace elements Chemical elements, for example, zinc, cobalt, manganese, copper, and iron, in soils in extremely small amounts. They are essential to plant growth. Tread The flat to gently sloping, topmost, laterally extensive slope of terraces, flood -plain steps, or other stepped landforms; commonly a recurring part of a series of natural steplike landforms, such as successive stream terraces. Tuff A generic term for any consolidated or cemented deposit that is 50 percent or more volcanic ash. 157 Custom Soil Resource Report Upland An informal, general term for the higher ground of a region, in contrast with a low- lying adjacent area, such as a valley or plain, or for land at a higher elevation than the flood plain or low stream terrace; land above the footslope zone of the hillslope continuum. Valley fill The unconsolidated sediment deposited by any agent (water, wind, ice, or mass wasting) so as to fill or partly fill a valley. Variegation Refers to patterns of contrasting colors assumed to be inherited from the parent material rather than to be the result of poor drainage. Varve A sedimentary layer or a lamina or sequence of laminae deposited in a body of still water within a year. Specifically, a thin pair of graded glaciolacustrine layers seasonally deposited, usually by meltwater streams, in a glacial lake or other body of still water in front of a glacier. Very stony spot (map symbol) A spot where 0.1 to 3.0 percent of the soil surface is covered by rock fragments that are more than 10 inches in diameter in areas where the surface of the surrounding soil is covered by less than 0.01 percent stones. Water bars Smooth, shallow ditches or depressional areas that are excavated at an angle across a sloping road. They are used to reduce the downward velocity of water and divert it off and away from the road surface. Water bars can easily be driven over if constructed properly. Weathering All physical disintegration, chemical decomposition, and biologically induced changes in rocks or other deposits at or near the earth's surface by atmospheric or biologic agents or by circulating surface waters but involving essentially no transport of the altered material. Well graded Refers to soil material consisting of coarse grained particles that are well distributed over a wide range in size or diameter. Such soil normally can be easily increased in density and bearing properties by compaction. Contrasts with poorly graded soil. Wet spot (map symbol) A somewhat poorly drained to very poorly drained area that is at least two drainage classes wetter than the named soils in the surrounding map unit. 158 Custom Soil Resource Report Wilting point (or permanent wilting point) The moisture content of soil, on an ovendry basis, at which a plant (specifically a sunflower) wilts so much that it does not recover when placed in a humid, dark chamber. Windthrow The uprooting and tipping over of trees by the wind. 159 Geological and Soil Hazards Report Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 O\QLSSON ASSOCIATES GEOLOGIC AND SOIL HAZARDS REPORT Introduction Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC has proposed to convert an existing facility located NW SE of Section 25, Township 4 South, and Range 96 West, of the Sixth Principal Meridian to a facility called the J-25 Central Distribution Point (CDP). This facility is situated on a ridge between two seasonal drainages and at an elevation of 8,220 feet above sea level, and located approximately eighteen miles north of Parachute, Colorado in Garfield County. Structural Geology The location for this facility is underlain by the main body of the Eocene Uinta Formation. The Uinta Formation (Eocene) formed mainly from the clastic sediments of a generally southward prograding deltaic complex that ultimately filled the Eocene lake in which sediments of the Green River Formation were deposited. Much of the Uinta consists of southward -thinning wedges composed chiefly of sandstone, and sandstone that interfingers with northward -thinning tongues of marlstone of the Green River Formation. The Uinta Formation, including its tongues, is mostly brown weathering sandstone, but also includes marlstone, mudstone, shale, oil shale, minor limestone, and thin tuff beds The sandstone beds, highly variable in lithology, range from very fine to very coarse grained, and are locally conglomeratic sandstone beds that are generally massive or poorly bedded. Main body of Uinta Formation - The uppermost part of the Uinta in the map area includes fairly abundant marlstone beds similar in lithology to the underlying tongues of the Green River Formation. However, most, if not all of these marlstone beds, are lenticular and are not regarded as tongues of the Green River Formation. The basal contact of the main body of the Uinta is placed at the top of the stratigraphically highest mapped tongue of the Green River Formation or at the top of the Parachute Creek Member where tongues of the Green River Formation are absent. Surficial Geology This part of the Uinta Formation consists of siltstone, marlstone and sandstone with some minor oil shale, limestone and conglomeratic sandstone. The majority of the plateau top in the central Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC J-25 Central Distribution Point (CDP) December 2012 1 Olsson Associates Grand Junction, CO OA Project # 012-2594 Roan Plateau area is underlain by this part of the Uinta Formation (Fig. G-1). The cliffs at the edges of the plateau to the east and west of the location are comprised of the Parachute Creek Member of the Green River Formation and consist of oil shale, sandstone and mudstone. The rocks of the Uintah Formation are the parent material for the soils that occur at this location. Geologic Hazards In Figure F-1 the floodplain data provided by Garfield County GIS Department shows that the J-25 Central Distribution Point Facility does not lie within a floodplain area. The proposed site is in an area with steep terrain and at an elevation of approximately 8220 feet above mean sea level. Based on a comparison with similar areas, slope hazards likely exist. No geologic hazards have been mapped by Garfield County in this area, and no faults or other hazards are evident on the Geologic Map of Colorado. Soils According to information prepared by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Soil Survey, soils in the location of this site have been mapped as the Parachute -Rhone loam (53) (Fig. S-1). A copy of a NCRS Custom Soil Resource Report for the project site has been provided. The Parachute -Rhone loam (53) soils are developed on 5 to 30 percent slopes, and consist of well drained soils on mountainsides and ridges, at elevations of 7,600 to 8,600 feet. The parent material of this soil is residuum weathered from sandstone. Depth to restrictive paralithic bedrock is approximately 20 to 40 inches. Conclusions and Summary Olsson Associates appreciates the opportunity to provide this information to Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC pertaining to the assessment of geologic and soil hazards associated with the J-25 Central Distribution Point (CDP) Facility in Garfield County, Colorado. Olsson can conduct field work to assist with the site specific assessments of the proposed project, to determine the degree to which these hazards may affect the specific location. Sincerely, Olsson Associates, Inc. L.,.-tiv,-m-)-7 CYjm Tammie Lee Crossen Associate Geologist Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC J-25 Central Distribution Point (CDP) December 2012 2 Olsson Associates Grand Junction, CO OA Project # 012-2594 Attachments: Vicinity Map Figure F-1 — Flood Plain Map Figure S-1 — Soils Map Figure G-1 — Geology Map References Online References Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission Natural Resources Conservation Service - Soil Survey Garfield County, Colorado - GIS Department U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) http://geosurvey.state.co.us/apps/wateratlas/chapter6 2page1.asp http://cogcc.state.co.us/ http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/ http://www.garfield-county.com/ Hunter Ridge Energy Services, LLC J-25 Central Distribution Point (CDP) December 2012 3 Olsson Associates Grand Junction, CO OA Project # 012-2594 Emergency Response Plan Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 encana. natural ga Emergency Response Plan U.S. Division ethos OXER YIONAL EXCELLENCE Quick Reference Guide (Condensed copy for permit submittals) Encana's complete Emergency Response Plan is on file with all applicable Fire Districts and updates are provided as necessary eL h os Updated Sep 2012 safe3 O encana natural gas EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN U.S.A. DIVISION SRBU EMERGENCY RESPONSE REPORTING TEMPLATE Document No: ERP -0042 SRBU Revised Br/Dater Reviewed By/Date: ERPComm105.26.2010 Approved By/Date: E R PCnm mf05.26r.2010 SBU: Name of Event: _ _ Date:2010 Location: Secured : ❑Yes ❑No Town, State: , 1. Time of the call. (Military Time) 2. What is the location of the emergency? What has happened? Location?: What Happened?: 3. Has anyone been hurt? ❑No ❑Yes If so, Who? How? 4. Who is the most senior Encana or Company representative on location? 5. Who is the most senior Encana or company representative on location who will be the INCIDENT COMMANDER? Do they have the proper Incident Commander Training? Incident Commander Trained? No Yes 6. Based on your assessment, what Level of Emergency are you declaring? Level 1 ❑ Level 2 ❑ Level 3 • 7. Who are you appointing as OPERATION CHIEF? 8. Do not respond to a man down, or to the emergency, until you have completed a Risk Assessment, gained control and understanding of the emergency, and can assure life safety of the responders. Have you completed a Risk Assessment? N ❑ Y • 1 ioinrr•rrllr•r1 1?nrrtuwrit I%hen Primed trugt: 1 of encana. : rat yirpi -- . EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN U.S.A. DIVISION SRBU EMERGENCY RESPONSE REPORTING TEMPLATE Document No: ERP -0042 SRBU Revised BPI/site: Reviewed B}/Date: ER PComm/I 5.26.2010 Approved By/Date: E RPCom niJO5.26.2011) 9. Are there FIRST RESPONDERS on location? No . Yes Time of Arrival: Who arrived? 10. Have you set up an INCIDENT COMMAND POST, if so, where? ❑No UYes Location of the Incident Command Center? 11. Based on your initial assessment, what is your proposed preliminary response strategy? 12. 1 will act as EMERGENCY MANAGER, and activate the EOC. Man on calling in to the EOC, using the Emergency Notification Conference Cail Number, within 15 minutes. Emergency Manager Activated at: Emergency Operations Center Activated at: We will be using EOC Conference Line: EOC 1 and EOC 2: 1-1177-445 2224 EOC 1: • Profile # 24211113 Password 18131 EOC 2: 1 Profile # 24:11114 Password 101:41 EOC 3: • )2D or more incoming calls) ' 01111 :America!' 1)1:11 lo: 1-886-4011-17)M ltrlrrnational Dial -Iii: 1647) 427-2433 ( 'oil lerence code: 835 21113 4806 Leader P1N: 284b 13. I will notify EXECUTIVE LEAD, EHS OFFICER, and put together the EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT TEAM. Executive Lead Notified: No ❑ Yes ❑ Time: EHS Officer Notified: No ❑ Yes ❑ Time: EMT Notified: No ❑ Yes ❑ Time: 14. Start to put together a local INCIDENT COMMAND TEAM. Incident Deputy Safety Officer: Liaison Public Information Operations Planning Logistics Commander: Incident Commander: _ Officer: Officer: Section Chief: Section Chief: Section Chief: 1 in i is i rrlicd fnrurnrnt Then Printed Pace 2141 2 Emer enc Classification / Levels Definition / Criteria EMERGENCY LEVELS Examples (may not re ect area -s + eei to risks or threats) LEVEL 1 - Onsite incidents where control of the hazard has been obtained but the potential exists for the imminent loss of control due to deteriorating conditions. o Immediate control of the hazard has been established using available resources,. however, conditions are not improving and/or resources are being depleted_ o Injuries to onsite personnel that are of a moderate impact. o Public safety is not threatened, however there is, or may be, a public perception of moderate risk to human health or the environment. o Environmental impacts are confined to the site and have limited potential to impact offsite_ o All control and relief systems are functioning normally. o Any controlled situation, outside of normal operation conditions, where the ability to maintain control using onsite resources is in question or offsite resources are required to maintain control such as a fire or explosion where imminent control of the fire is probable. o Injuries to personnel requiring offsite medical attention. - o Spills and releases that are contained onsite but have the potential to extend offsite. o Any incident requiring the advisory notification of the public ofa non -routine, onsite occurrence. o Weather conditions (i.e., tornado) which may threaten personnel and operations. o Potential social / political unrest, labor disputes Uncontrolled Doci nle611 V llen Printed LEVEL 2 - An incident where control of the hazard has been hast but where imminent and/or intermittent control of the hazard is , ossi.bie. o Control of the hazard has been lost, however, through the application of available resources intermittent control is being obtained or hazard control is imminent. o Injuries to onsite personnel that are of a major impact. o Public safety is not threatened, however, there is or may be a public perception of significant risk to human health or the environment o Environmental effects extend offsite and are resulting in minor or short- term detrimental impacts. o Some control and relief systems are not o.erational. o Any uncontrolled hazard where the ability to regain control using available resources is imminent or intermittent control is being achieved using available resources such as pipeline integrity failure. o Injuries to personnel which have or are likely to result in a lost time (beyond the day of the occurrence) injury or short term health impact. o Spills or releases that extend offsite and are, or will, result in minor or short-term detrimental impacts. o Any incident requiring the notification of the public of a potential or imminent threat to human health or the environment, such as or pipeline rupture. o Some control and/or relief systems are not operational. ca Imminent security threats, social / political unrest, and labor disputes_ o Severe weather threats which threatens personnel and/or operations. o Overdue vehicle or aircraft. o LEVEL 3 - An incident where control of the hazard has been lost, imminent control is not possible and public safety is, or has the potential, to be threatened. o Control of the hazard has been lost and regaining control is not imminently possible. o Onsite personnel have sustained injuries with a serious impact. o Public safety is being, or has the imminent potential to be, jeopardized. o Environmental impacts are significant, extend offsite and have the potential to result in long-terrn environmental degradation_ o Key control and relief functions have failed and are not operating correctly. a Any situation where control of a hazard has been lost and regaining control is not imminently possible such as loss of well control or failure of essential well control equipment. o Injuries to personnel which have or are likely to result in permanent disability, long term health impacts or death o Any incident that has necessitated the evacuation or sheltering of public such as or a catastrophic facility fire or loss of process control. o Spills or releases that have extended offsite and are, or likely to, result in significant and substantial detrimental impact to the environment. o Key control and relief systems are not operational. c Act of terrorism, violence, social/political unrest. a Severe weather impacting personnel and/or operations. o Overdue vehicle or aircraft, missing person. I “I 1,111011 II 11A ii�li U� .1 1 ACTIVATION AND NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS Receiving an Emergency Call - Typical Notification First Responder to notify Incident Commander Level 1 - as soon as possible Level 2 or 3 - IMMEDIATELY Report direct or via 24 Hr Emergency Number 1-817-386-2200 Encana local Incident Commander (IC), notified (Reception /Answering Service will initiate call -down. The first person contacted establishes She Incident Commander position, until delegated) 1 Notify/dispatch Operator to Investigate - Sr. Operator Or Representative establishes the First Responder position - Two operators (buddy system) required when H2S ?: 10 ppm known to be present Incident Commander Contact individual who reported the inciaent to advise outcome First Responder Initiate standard operating/ maintenance procedures First Responder determines if the incident involves an Encana facility? 4 -NO Incident Commander and First Responder will assess the incident. Is it an Emergency? Yes Determine Level of Emergency (see Emergency Levels in this Section) NO Incident Commander - Contact Operating Company Contact individual who reported the incident to advise outcome First Responder tuvide assistance, if possible, until relieved by Operating Company. Maintain contact with operating company and Incident Commander until retrieved of duties Identify Scope/Area affected (exposure zone) and: - Activate ERP, notify support personnel (field and Region), emergency services, initiate regulatory notifications FirstResponder establishes Command Post (CP) and initiates response actions. IncidentCommander notifies authorities and contacts Encana's Emergency Manager Incident Commander contacts persons who reported incident to advise them of outcome. RECORD YOUR ACTIONS! l_Incuntroi1? 1 T) ctimcnt When Printed I 11 lien iwk.,1 First Responder Actions Protect Yourself ❑ Approach the incident from upwind and uphill, if possible. ❑ Position vehicle far enough away from the release, allowing for a safe retreat, if necessary. ❑ Resist the urge to rush in, others cannot be helped if you are injured. ❑ Avoid any contact with liquids, mists, sludge's, gases, vapors and smoke. Sound ttie Alarm Announce level of emergency. Direct others to safe areas and alert other personnel. CaII for Help ❑ Notify control room, local office and or the on-call supervisor. 01 Confirm emergency services has been dispatched. ❑ Activate Emergency Response Plan. Assume Command 0 Size up incident and make report. 10 Confirm location (if necessary). ❑ Situation found. ❑ Make assignments (as necessary). Summon additional help and technical assistance as required. Do not hesitate to summon assistance; it can always be canceled if not needed. ❑ Tactical considerations: o Life safety, 0 Environmental protection, and a Incident stabilization, o Property conservation. ❑ Zoning: o Utilize, with caution, the U.S. DOT Emergency Response Guidebook for recommended actions if MSDSs are unavailable for released material, o Establish hazard / hot zone (use fire line tape for hot Itne), o Establish and mark warm zone (decontamination corridor), and o Establish cold zone (set security line). CI Immediately provide for proper decontamination of responders and/or injured. ❑ Transfer command (as necessary). Assess Hazard ❑ If immediate rescue is required, it should only be attempted when the rescuers are fully aware of the risks posed to them, they are wearing protective clothing, as required, utilizing a bare minimum number of personnel. If the hazards are unknown or exceptionally life-threatening, the rescuer should consider waiting until the situation has been assessed by the IC, SO, and the EHS/HazMat Unit. Secure the Area ❑ Restrict access to location or area. 0 Utilize law enforcement agencies (Emergency Alert System) and any other available resources to evacuate or shelter in-place exposed victims. I 11 lien iwk.,1 Transfer of Command The process of moving the responsibility for incident command from one Incident Commander (IC) to another is called "transfer of command." It should be recognized that transition of command on an expanding incident is to be expected. It does not reflect on the competency of the current IC. The most important steps in effectively assuming command of an incident in progress are: Assessment & Briefing O Perform assessment of incident situation with existing IC. CI Receive adequate briefing by the current IC in face-to-face meeting. The briefing must cover the following items: o Incident history (what has happened), o Priorities and objectives, o Current plan., o Resource assignments, o Incident organization, o Resources ordered/needed, o Facilities established, o Status of communications, o Any constraints or limitations, o Incident potential, and o Delegation of Authority. Written Summary Report CI Incoming IC to receive written summary to assist in incident briefings. This form contains: o Incident objectives, o A place for a sketch map, o Summary of current actions, o Organizational framework, and o Resources summary. Notice of Command Change Determine an appropriate time for transfer of command. CI Provide notice of a change in incident command to: o Emergency Management Team (through dispatch), o General Staff members (if designated), o Command Staff members (if designated), and o All incident personnel and agencies. The incoming IC may give the out -going IC another assignment on the incident. El There are several advantages of this: o The out -going IC retains first-hand knowledge at the incident site, and o This strategy allows the out -going IC to observe the progress of the incident and to gain experience. B)i - MIT( Il A! D){1. 1MM`ttt Wile/ Pr. 1nit - 7 SPCC Plan Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 Fence and berm Access Road Retention pond area Liquids to 3 -Phase ,4111 Gathering 500 gal oil 3 -Phase Gathering Line 3 -Phase Gathering Line rl Directiono J25 - Central Delivery Point (CDP) NWSE - Section 25 - T4S/R96W Garfield County, CO Gas To Sales 55ga1 Lube Oil Drums Fence and berm Revision Date: 07/19/2012 Drawing Not to Scale Stormwater Management Plan Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 STATE OF COLORADO Jdhn W. Hickenlooper, Governor Christopher E Urbina. MD. MPH Executive Director and Chief Medical Officer Dedicated to protecting and improving the health and environment of the people of Colorado 4300 Cherry Creek Dr. S. Denver. Colorado 80246-1530 Phone (303) A 2-7000 Located in Glendale, Colorado http://www:cdphe_ stateco.us June 21.2012 Laboratory Services Division 8100 Lowry Blvd_ Denver. Colorado 80230-6928 (303) 692-3090 Cindy Allen, EHS Team Lead Encuna Oil & Gas (USA) Inc 370 17 St Ste 1700 Denver, CO 80202 RE: Renewal of Permit/Certification Administrative Continuation For: Piceance Creek Located at: See i1.tp In 'File, r_'nine. Rio Blanco County Permit No.: COR039167 Dear Mr- Allen; Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment The Division has received an application to renew the above permit/certification. It has been determined that there is sufficient information to snake this permit/certification eligible for renewal. More information may be requested by the Division as progress is made in developing a new permit/certification for the above listed facility. This infomiation must be made available to the Division when requested to complete the permit process. The Division is currently in the process of developing a new permit or master general permit and associated certification for the above permitted facility. The development and review procedures required by law have not yet been completed. When the discharge permit issued to you for your facility expired on June 30, 2012 your permit is administratively continued and remains in effect under Section 104(7) of the Administrative Procedures Act, C.R.S. 1973, 24-4-101, et seq (1982 rept. vol. 10) until the new pcimit/certification is issued and effective. All effluent permit terms and conditions in your current permit will remain in effect until your new permit/certification is issued and effective. PLEASE KEEP THIS LETTER WITH YOUR PERMIT AND SWMP TO SHOW CONTINUATION OF PERNII I' COVERAGE. Sincerely, Debbie Jessop Permits Section WATER QUALITY CONTROL DIVISION xc: Permit File STATE OF COLORADO Bill Ritter, Jr., Governor James B. Martin, Executive Director Dedicated to protecting and Improving the health and environment at the people of Colorado 4300 Cherry Creek Dr. S. Denver, Colorado 80246-1530 Phone(303)692.2000 TDD Line (303) 691.7700 Located in Glendale, Colorado ht1p://www.cdphe.slate.co.us June 20, 2007 Laboratory Services Division 8100 Lowry Blvd. Denver, Colorado 60230.6926 (303) 692-3090 Terry C. Gosney, Reg Env Coord EnCana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc., 2717 County Road 215 Ste. 100 Parachute, CO 81 635 970/285-2687 RE: Final Permit, Colorado Discharge Permit SystemStormwater Certification No: COR -039167 Piceance Creek Rio Blanco & Garfield County Local Contact: Terry Gosney, Reg Env Coord 970/285-2687 Dear Sir or Madam: 76 0 4 s Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment Enclosed please find a copy of the new permit and certification which have been re -issued to you under the Colorado Water Quality Control Act. Your old permit expirbs on June 30. 2007. This is a renewal to the permit, and replaces the old one. See page 2 of the Rationale (the pages in italics) for a summary of the changes to the permit. Your Certification under the permit requires that specific actions be perfor ned at designated times. You are legally obligated to comply with all terms and conditions of the permit. Please read the permit and certification. If you have any questions please visit our website at : www.cdohe.state.co.us/wq/permitsunitlstormwater or contact Matt Czahor at (303) 692-3517. Sincerely, Kathryn Dolan Stormwater Program Coordinator Permits Unit WATER QUALITY CONTROL DIVISION xc: Regional Council of Governments Local County Health Department District Engineer, Technical Services, WQCD Permit File STATE OF COLORADO COLORADO DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT WATER QUALITY CONTROL DIVIISION TELEPHONE: (303) 692-3500 CERTIFICATION TO DISCHARGE UNDER CDPS GENERAL PERMIT COR -030000 STORMWATER DISCHARGES ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION Certification Number CO 8039167 This Certification to Discharge specifically .iuuthorizcs: EnCana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. LEGAL CONTACT: Terry C. Gosney, Reg Env Cor: J En Cana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. 2 717 County Road 215 Ste. 100 Parachute, CO 81635 Phone # 970/285-2687 Ieriy.gosney,encana.com LOCAL CONTACT: Terry Gosney, Reg Env Cao: d, Phone # 970/285-2687 terry.gosney aencana. cam During the Construction Activity: Gas and Oil Field Development to discharge stormwater from the facility identified as Piceance Creek which is located at: Garfield County - map in file ,Co Latitude 39/47/40, Longitude 108/06/20 In Rio Blanco & Garfield County to: Willow Creek -- Yampa River Anticipated Activity begins 09130/2005 continuing through 09/30/2010 On 95000 acres (800 acres disturbed) Certification is effective: 07/01/2007 Certification Expires: 06130/2012 Annual Fee: $245.00 (DO NOT PAY NOW -- A prorated bill will be sent shortly.) Page 1 of 22 Master SWMP Template - Instructions This purpose of this template is to simplify the process of preparing a Master SWMP for a specific permit area. This template may be used for any Encana Oil & Gas location (either E&P sites or Midstream Services sites) within the state of Colorado. These steps should be followed when using this template: 1. Re -name this file and re -save in a separate location. 2. Enter the name of the Permit Coverage Area and the permit number on the cover sheet(s). This should be a name for the entire permit area included under this Master SWMP (i.e. Orchard Unit or Rulison Field). The permit area name must also be entered at various locations throughout this document. 3. Read through this entire document and add the appropriate site-specific data to each form -field that is encountered. Much of the site-specific information required within form -fields can be pulled from the Environmental Assessment Geographic Area Plan (GAP), NEPA documents, etc., for the specific Permit Coverage Area, if available. If a GAP or other documents are unavailable or not yet completed, these form -fields should be filled out as completely as possible utilizing other sources of information or knowledge. a. Section 1.2. Enter the name and/or title and contact information for the Master SWMP Administrator(s). b. Section 2.0. Enter the name, permit number, and location of the Permit Coverage Area. Revise or add to the type of construction activities that may occur. Delete any items that do not apply. c. Section 2.1. Delete sequence of major activities for any activities that are not applicable to the Permit Coverage Area (i.e. if no man camps or helicopter pads will be constructed within the Permit Coverage Area, remove section 2.1.4 from the SWMP). d. Section 2.2. Enter an estimated acreage for the entire Master SWMP Permit Coverage Area as well as for all disturbed areas. Example text from the Orchard Unit GAP is provided and should be either revised or removed. e. Section 2.3. Provide a description of the general topography of the Permit Coverage Area. Example text from the Orchard Unit GAP is provided and should be either revised or removed. f. Section 2.4. The vegetation map within Appendix C should identify the ecosystems that exist within the permit coverage area. All information relating to other ecosystems should be removed from this section. If available, vegetation data from the applicable GAP can be used in place of the typical ecosystem types listed. Section 2.5. Look through the list of potential pollution sources and revise or add to this list, as necessary. h. Section 2.6. Describe any allowable sources of non-stormwater discharge. Delete any items that do not apply. If there are no sources of non-stormwater discharge, state that none exist. i. Section 2.7. Enter the general direction and sequence of runoff from the Permit Coverage Area. g. 4. Right -click on the table of contents and update fields for the entire table. 5. Provide additional site-specific data within the following appendices: a. Appendix A. Fill out the general permit application (a blank application as well as an example application is provided with this template), submit one copy to the state, and attach a copy as Appendix A of this Master SWMP. b. Appendix C. The following items should be attached in Appendix C: Attach a map which indicates existing soil types within the permit area. This map should be imported from the GAP, if available, or imported from the applicable NRCS Soil Survey. Soil surveys can be obtained in one of three way: 1. Obtain a hard copy from the State Conservationist at the following address: State Conservationist 655 Parfet Street Room E200C Lakewood, CO 80215-5517 Phone: 720-544-2801 2. Obtain an electronic copy online at (some surveys are not available online): http://soils.usda.gov/survey/printed surveys/state.asp?state=Colorado&abbr=CO 3. Obtain soils information for certain areas of interest using the Web Soil Survey online at: http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov/app/WebSoilSurvey.aspx An example soil map (from the Rulison GAP) is provided with this template. ii. Attach a table or a written description of existing soil types within the permit area and properties of those soils found in the applicable NRCS Soil Survey (see link above) or found through the Web Soil Survey (see link above). An example table is provided with this template. iii. Attach a map indicating the existing ecosystem types within the permit area. This map should be imported from the GAP, if available. An example vegetation map (from the Rulison GAP) is provided with this template. c. Appendix D. Provide a copy of the Master SWMP Permit Area Map for the entire area covered under this plan. Section 2.8 of this template lists the items to be included on the map. An example permit area map (for the Orchard Unit) is provided with this template. 6. Prepare a binder for the Site Specific Records. The Site Specific Records will be provided as Volume 2 of the Master SWMP under separate cover from the body of the SWMP. Section 1.2 of this template describes the purpose of the Site Specific Records and lists the items to be included. i.‘""** encana.. natural ga Permit Area Piceance Creek/ Eureka/ Story Gulch Unit Permit Number COR -039167 SWMP REVISIONS Date Description Initials 10/08/2010 Updated Legal and Local Contacts KK 10/08/2010 Updated company name from EnCana to Encana KK 10/08/2010 Updated disturbance area to include Township 4S KK 11/24/2010 Inserted Oil and Gas Construction Field Permit Certification NOTICE OF AMENDMENT OF PERMIT COVERAGE in the place of the Final Stabilization Certification - Appendix F KK 01/30/2012 Updated Legal and Local Contacts KV 01/30/2012 Updated BMP Manual KV 01/30/2012 Updated Stormwater Inspection Form KV 01/30/2012 Updated Supplemental Form to reflect BMP Manual updates KV 02/23/2012 Updated Permitted SWMP Area and Map KV Prepared by: Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. Parachute, Colorado Volume 1 � Ar Master Stormwater Management Plan Piceance Creek/ Eureka/ Story Gulch COR -039167 cll. Unit w Illith Revised June 2009 Prepared by: Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. Parachute, Colorado Volume 1 Master Stormwater Management Plan Piceance Creek/ Eureka/ Story Gulch Unit COR -039167 co , ei Prepared By Chris Gray k Reviewed By Lindsey Kruckenberg Revised June 2009 Contents 1.0 Introduction 1-1 1.1 Site Specific Records 1-1 1.2 SWMP Administrator 1-2 2.0 Narrative Description of Master SWMP Permit Coverage Area 2-1 2.1 Sequence of Major Activities 2-1 2.1.1 Well Pads and Roads 2-1 2.1.2 Pipelines 2-3 2.1.3 Compressor Stations, Treatment Facilities, or Other Facilities 2-4 2.1.4 Man Camps and Helicopter Pads 2-6 2.2 Area Estimates 2-7 2.3 Description of Existing Topography and Soils 2-7 2.4 Description of Existing Vegetation 2-7 2.5 Identification of Potential Pollution Sources 2-9 2.6 Allowable Sources of Non-Stormwater Discharge 2-10 2.7 Receiving Water 2-11 2.8 Master SWMP Permit Area Map and Individual Stormwater Site Plans 2-11 3.0 Best Management Practices (BMPs) 3-1 3.1 Erosion, Drainage, and Sediment Control BMPs 3-1 3.2 Non-Stormwater Control BMPs 3-1 3.2.1 Materials Delivery and Storage 3-2 3.2.2 Material Handling and Spill Prevention 3-2 3.2.3 Vehicle Cleaning, Fueling, Maintenance, and Tracking Controls 3-2 3.2.4 Waste Management and Disposal 3-2 3.2.5 Dewatering 3-3 3.3 Stormwater Manual of BMPs 3-4 3.4 Phased BMP Implementation 3-4 4.0 Interim Reclamation and Final Stabilization 4-1 5.0 Inspection and Maintenance 5-1 5.1 Inspection Schedule 5-1 5.1.1 Minimum Inspection Schedule for active sites 5-1 5.1.2 Post -Storm Event Inspections at Temporarily Idle Sites 5-1 5.1.3 Completed Sites 5-1 5.1.4 Winter Conditions Inspections Exclusion 5-2 Revised June 2009 5.2 Performing Inspections 5-2 5.3 Maintenance 5-2 5.4 Documenting Inspections and Maintenance 5-3 6.0 Plan Revisions and Retention 6-1 7.0 Inactivation Notice 7-1 8.0 Signature 8-1 9.0 References 9-1 List of Appendices Appendix A General Permit Application Appendix B Revegetation Manual Appendix C Existing Soil and Vegetation Data Appendix D Master SWMP Permit Area Map Appendix E Stormwater Manual of Best Management Practices (BMPs) Appendix F Oil and Gas Construction Field Permit Certification NOTICE OF AMENDMENT OF PERMIT COVERAGE and/or Final Stabilization Certification Appendix G Inspection and Maintenance Report For Appendix H Inactivation Form 1;0 ''' ''' ** II Revised June 2009 1.0 Introduction This Master Stormwater Management Plan (Master SWMP) satisfies the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE) Water Quality Control Division (WQCD) General Permit No. COR -030000 issued on May 31, 2007 for Stormwater Discharges Associated with Construction Activities (the Stormwater Construction Permit). Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. (Encana) has submitted a General Permit Application to WQCD, a copy of which is provided as Appendix A. This Master SWMP has been prepared in compliance with CDPHE WQCD, the Federal Clean Water Act (CWA), and the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination Permit (NPDES) regulations found in 40 CFR, Part 122.26 for stormwater discharges. The objectives of this Master SWMP are to: 1. Identify all potential sources of pollution which may reasonably be expected to affect the quality of stormwater discharges associated with construction activity within this Master SWMP permit area at each project site; 2. Describe the practices to be used to reduce the pollutants in stormwater discharges associated with construction activity within this Master SWMP permit area at each project site (also known as Best Management Practices (BMPs)); and ensure the practices are selected and described in accordance with good engineering practices, including the installation, implementation and maintenance requirements; 3. Be properly prepared and updated to ensure compliance with the terms and conditions of the Stormwater Construction Permit; 4. Work hand in hand with the Site Specific Records, as described in the following section; and 5. Serve as an education tool and comprehensive reference/guide to stormwater management for inspectors, surveyors, engineers, and Encana employees and contractors. Encana construction activities fall under one of two types. Exploration and Production (E&P) sites involve the construction of well pads, roads, and other facilities. Midstream Services (also referred to as Gas Gathering) sites involve the construction of pipelines and compressor, treatment, and other facilities. This Master SWMP is intended to address stormwater management for any and all of these sites within this Master SWMP's Permit Coverage Area. 1.1 Site Specific Records While Volume 1 of the Master SWMP contains all of the general permit area information, Volume 2 of the Master SWMP contains all of the Site Specific Records including all Individual Stormwater Site Plans (Site Plans), as discussed in Section 2.8, and all Inspection and Maintenance Reports (discussed in Section 5.4). These Site Specific Records contain information specific to each site (each well pad, compressor station, section of road/pipeline, etc.), including information on areas of disturbance, ecosystems and vegetation, soil types, percent pre -disturbance vegetation, etc. Any changes to the design of individual sites or the BMPs used at those sites will be noted on the Site Plans as those changes occur, and kept with the Site Specific Records. The Site Specific Records (Volume 2 of the Master SWMP) are bound separately from the body of this Master SWMP; however, both are readily available during any inspection. Both the body of this SWMP (Volume 1) and the Site Specific Records (Volume 2) comprise the entire SWMP, and go hand in hand in keeping Encana in compliance with stormwater regulations. The Site Specific Records will be kept at the Encana Field office in Parachute during active construction and site inspections to ensure accurate implementation, inspections, and maintenance of BMPs, as well as timely revisions to the Site Specific Records. 1-1 Revised June 2009 1.2 SWMP Administrator The SWMP Administrator is responsible for the process of developing, implementing, maintaining, and revising this SWMP as well as serving as the comprehensive point of contact for all aspects of the facility's SWMP. SWMP Administrators: • Local Contact: • Legal Contact: Kathy Vertiz, Surface Management Lead 2717 County Road 215, Suite 100, Parachute, CO 81635 (970) 285-2626 Cindy Allen, Environmental Lead EH&S South Rockies 370 17th St. Suite 1700, Denver, CO 80202 (720)876-5474 1-2 Revised June 2009 2.0 Narrative Description of Master SWMP Permit Coverage Area Name of Permit Coverage Area: Piceance Creek/ Eureka/ Story Gulch Unit Permit Number: COR -039167 Location of the Permit Coverage Area: • County: Rio Blanco & Garfield Counties • City: Located approximately 29 miles West/ North West of Parachute, Colorado. (See Site Maps for distance to the waters of the state.) • Township/Section/Range: o Township 1S o Township 1S o Township 2S o Township 2S o Township 2S o Township 3S o Township 3S o Township 3S o Township 3S o Township 4S o Township 4S , Range 96W, Sections 16-21, 27-35 , Range 97W, Sections 13, 24-27, 34-36 , Range 96W, Sections 1-36 , Range 95W, Sections 5-8, 18-20, 28-33 , Range 97W, Sections 1-4, 10-15, 23-26 , Range 95W, Sections 4-10 , Range 96W, Sections 1-3, 11-13 , Range 97W, Sections 8-36 , Range 98W, Sections 23-36, 35, 36 , Range 95W, Sections 19, 20, 23-36 , Range 96W, Sections 22-27, 34-36 • Latitude/Longitude: Latitude 39/47/40, Longitude 108/06/20. Activities at the Permit Coverage Area will likely involve the construction of: • Well pads • Access roads • Pipelines • Compressor stations The above construction activities are only typical and may vary once construction begins. Up-to-date information on the construction of well pads, roads, pipelines, etc. will be kept with the Site Specific Records (Volume 2 of the Master SWMP). 2.1 Sequence of Major Activities Site specific, scheduling, surface use agreements, and/or other constraints can and/or may dictate changes in construction sequences. Significant sequence changes are addressed in the Site Specific Records (Volume 2 of the Master SWMP). Specific details on the construction and maintenance of BMPs mentioned below are provided in the Stormwater Manual of Best Management Practices (BMP Manual) as discussed in Section 3.3. 2.1.1 Well Pads and Roads Construction activities for well pads and roads are generally completed in the following sequence: 2-1 Revised June 2009 Preconstruction: 1. Surveys. Topographic, vegetation, wildlife and archeology, as dictated. 2. Temporary BMP's. Where physical access is available, installation of terminal perimeter and temporary sediment controls, such as wattles, silt fence and/or other as necessary. Actual BMPs used for each site are shown on the Site Plans (discussed in Section 2.8) and kept with the Site Specific Records (Volume 2 of the Master SWMP). Construction: 3. Vegetation Clearing. Vegetation will be cleared/grubbed and placed along the perimeter at the terminal discharge edges/points in a windrow and/or dam beyond the edge of excavation and at any run -on -protection discharge points, and/or chipped or other depending on landowner requirements. 4. Diversions and Retention Reservoirs. After vegetation clearing and prior to topsoil stockpiling, diversions are to be placed for run -on -protection (ROP) to prevent the greater landscape from discharging onto the planned disturbance. Temporary sediment control BMPs shall be placed at the discharge points of the ROP until permanent erosion controls can be installed along the entire length of the ROP. Diversions are to be installed along the terminal discharge edge inside of the vegetation windrows to convey site water/sediment to terminal discharge points where rough retention reservoirs are to be installed. The retention reservoir outlets are to receive temporary sediment control BMPs until permanent retention reservoirs and erosion, drainage, and sediment BMPs can be installed. 5. Topsoil Stripping/Conservation. All ACCESSIBLE TOPSOIL is to be removed from areas that are to be excavated, covered in subsoils, or turned into stabilized unpaved surfaces. If initial topsoil stockpile areas are insufficient to accommodate the quantities of topsoil being generated, the excess is to be placed at either end of the subsoil stockpile and segregated as much as possible. After major earthwork, grading, and erosion/drainage/sediment controls are complete, any areas that can be identified for immediate interim reclamation shall receive topsoil. 6. General Rough Grading. The site location will be graded to provide suitable surfaces for vehicle traffic and/or building sites, and may be graded to establish surface drainage patterns, such as berms or roadside ditches as necessary. 7. Facility Specific Grading. Individual facilities may require additional excavation to allow for construction of foundations. Excess soil will typically be used in general site grading. 8. Foundation Construction. To support facilities (such as tanks, processing equipment, etc), foundations will be constructed. Foundations may consist of select backfill, concrete spread footings, or piles. Finished support elevations are to be installed twelve to eighteen inches (12-18") above finished grade or the lowest point of the facility. 9. Facility Construction. Tanks, processing equipment, etc. will be constructed. Interim Reclamation: 10. Gravel Surfacing. Areas used for access, parking, or materials staging will typically be gravel surfaced. 11. Reclamation of Unused Areas. Areas not needed for facilities, roads, parking, or materials staging will generally be reclaimed. Salvaged topsoil will be spread and the vegetative seed mix will be applied. 12. Application of Erosion Stabilization. Depending on terrain (e.g. steep slopes and drainage crossings) additional measures may be applied to increase stability of the reclaimed area. Final Reclamation: 13. Reclamation of Post -Operation Areas. When operation of well pad or road is no longer necessary, the area will be decommissioned and all newly disturbed areas will be reclaimed. Any remaining 2-2 Revised June 2009 topsoil will be spread and the vegetative seed mix will be applied. This may occur after termination of this permit and under the coverage of a new construction permit. 2.1.2 Pipelines Construction activities for pipelines are generally completed in the following sequence: Preconstruction: 1. Surveys. Topographic, vegetation, wildlife and archeology, as dictated. 2. Mark Right -Of -Way. The construction right-of-way (ROW) will be marked prior to construction with laths and/or flagging. 3. Temporary BMPs. Encana's stormwater inspectors will determine locations to install preconstruction temporary erosion control devices, per site specific BMP installation plans and as necessary. Encana's contractor will maintain the erosion control structures as directed by the stormwater inspectors throughout all phases of construction, or until permanent erosion control measures are installed. Actual BMPs used for each site are shown on the Site Plans, which are kept with the Site Specific Records (Volume 2 of the Master SWMP). Construction: 4. Vegetation Clearing. If necessary, vegetation will be cleared and placed in a windrow at the edge of the work area to be used later in reclamation activities, removed from the construction site, or burned/chipped depending on landowner requirements. Details for windrows are provided within the Stockpiling BMP of the BMP Manual (discussed in Section 3.3). 5. Topsoil Stripping. All ACCESSIBLE TOPSOIL (from the entire width of the right-of-way) will be removed and temporarily stockpiled along the up -hill side of the right-of-way (if terrain grades will allow) for later use in reclamation activities. 6. General Grading. For pipeline segments that occur in relatively rough terrain, general grading will be conducted to create a safe and workable ground surface. This is generally done to form a relatively level work surface on steep cross slopes and to reduce slopes in undulating terrain (arroyo and wash crossings). The site location will be graded to provide suitable surfaces for vehicle traffic and/or building sites, and may be graded to establish surface drainage patterns, such as berms or roadside ditches as necessary. 7. Trench Excavation. The trench needed for pipeline installation is almost always off -set in the ROW. The surveyors may indicate the location of the trench on their pipeline lateral. Generally, the trench will be located in the first third of the ROW. The remaining two thirds of the ROW will be used for working space. The trench depth and width will vary with the number of pipes to be installed and the pipe diameter. Generally, a 4 -foot deep trench will be excavated by track -mounted excavators. The ditch will be excavated and sloped in accordance with OSHA specifications. The cover from top of pipe to ground level will be a minimum of 36 inches. Where rock is encountered, tractor -mounted mechanical rippers or rock trenching equipment may be used to facilitate excavation. The trench will be excavated and subsoil material stockpiled within the confines of the approved right-of-way limits unless a temporary use area is approved from the proper agency. Trench spoil will be stored in a separate location from the previously segregated topsoil. 8. Pipe Installation. Pipe installation will include stringing, bending for horizontal or vertical angles in the alignment, welding the pipe segments together, coating the joint areas to prevent corrosion, and then lowering -in and padding. 9. Stringing. Pipe will be hauled by truck to the pipeline ROW. Each joint of pipe will be unloaded and placed parallel to the ditch. 10. Bending. After the joints of pipe are strung along the ditch, individual joints of pipe may need to be bent to accommodate horizontal and vertical changes in direction. Field bends will be made utilizing a hydraulically operated bending machine. Where the deflection of a bend exceeds the allowable limits for a field -bent pipe, factory (induction) bends will be installed. 2-3 Revised June 2009 11. Welding. After the pipe joints are bent, the pipe is lined up end-to-end and clamped into position. The pipe is then welded in conformance with 49 CFR Part 192, Subpart E. "Welding of Steel Pipelines" and API 1104, "Standard for Welding Pipelines and Related Facilities". 12. Welding Inspection. Welds will be visually inspected by a qualified inspector. Any defects will be repaired or cut out as required under the specified regulations and standards. 13. Coating. To prevent corrosion, the pipe will be externally coated with fusion bonded epoxy coating prior to delivery. After welding, field joints will be coated with fusion bond epoxy coating, tape and primer, or shrink sleeves. Before the pipe is lowered into the ditch, the pipeline coating will be visually inspected and tested with an electronic detector, and any faults or scratches will be repaired. 14. Lowering -In and Padding. Once the pipe coating operation has been completed, a section of the pipe will be lowered into the ditch. Side -boom tractors may be used to simultaneously lift the pipe, position it over the ditch, and lower it in place. Inspection will be conducted to verify: that minimum cover is provided; the trench bottom is free of rocks, debris, etc.; external pipe coating is not damaged; and the pipe is properly fitted and installed into the ditch. Specialized padding machines will be used to sift soil fines from the excavated subsoil to provide rock -free pipeline padding and bedding. In rocky areas, padding material or a rock shield will be used to protect the pipe. Topsoil will not be used to pad the pipe. At the completion of lowering -in and padding activities the contractor may install trench breakers around the pipelines to minimize subsurface water flow. Details for trench breakers are provided within the BMP Manual (discussed in Section 3.3). 15. Backfilling. Backfilling will begin after a section of the pipe has been successfully placed in the ditch and final inspection has been completed. Backfilling will be conducted using a bulldozer, rotary auger backfill, padding machine or other suitable equipment. Backfilling the trench will use the subsoil previously excavated from the trench. Backfill will be graded and compacted, where necessary for ground stability, by being tamped or walked in with a wheeled or track vehicle. Compaction will be performed to the extent that there are no voids in the trench. Any excavated materials or materials unfit for backfill will be utilized or properly disposed of in conformance with applicable laws or regulations. 16. General Grading. If general grading was conducted to facilitate pipeline construction, these materials will be replaced and graded to recreate the preconstruction topography. Final Reclamation: 17. Cleanup. Cleanup activities will be initiated as soon as practicable after backfilling activities have been completed. All construction -related debris will be removed and disposed of at an approved disposal facility. 18. Subsoil and Topsoil Placement. Subsoil will be evenly re-contoured across the right-of-way to pre -construction conditions. After the subsoil has been re -spread the contractor will spread the previously segregated topsoil back across the right-of-way. The topsoil will be evenly spread to original contours. 19. Vegetation. After any remaining topsoil is spread, the vegetative seed mix will be applied. The area will be revegetated according to private landowner Surface Use Agreements and/or according to the BLM/Forest Service reclamation requirements. Details for revegetation are provided within the BMP Manual (discussed in Section 3.3) and the Revegetation Manual (provided as Appendix B). 20. Application of Erosion Stabilization. Depending on terrain (e.g. steep slopes and drainage crossings) additional measures may be applied to increase stability of the reclaimed area. Possible erosion stabilization methods are provided within the BMP Manual (discussed in Section 3.3). Actual locations and measures used are shown on the Site Plans, which are kept with the Site Specific Records (Volume 2 of the Master SWMP). 2.1.3 Compressor Stations, Treatment Facilities, or Other Facilities. Construction activities for compressor stations, treatment facilities, and other facilities are generally completed in the following sequence: 2-4 Revised June 2009 Preconstruction: 1. Surveys. Topographic, vegetation, wildlife and archeology, as dictated. 2. Temporary BMP's. Where physical access is available, installation of terminal perimeter and temporary sediment controls, such as wattles, silt fence and/or other as necessary. Actual BMPs used for each site are shown on the Site Plans, which are kept with the Site Specific Records (Volume 2 of the Master SWMP). Construction: 3. Vegetation Clearing. Vegetation will be cleared/grubbed and placed along the perimeter at the terminal discharge edges/points in a windrow and/or dam beyond the edge of excavation and at any run -on -protection discharge points, and/or chipped or other depending on landowner requirements. 4. Diversions and Retention Reservoirs. After vegetation clearing and prior to topsoil stockpiling, diversion are to be placed for ROP to prevent the greater landscape from discharging onto the planned disturbance. Temporary sediment control BMP's shall be placed at the discharge points of the ROP until permanent erosion controls can be installed along the entire length of the ROP. Diversions are to be installed along the terminal discharge edge inside of the vegetation windrows to convey site water/sediment to terminal discharge points where rough retention reservoirs are to be installed. The retention reservoir outlets are to receive temporary sediment control BMP's until permanent retention reservoirs and erosion, drainage, and sediment BMP's can be installed. 5. Topsoil Stripping/Conservation. All ACCESSIBLE TOPSOIL is to be removed from areas that are to be excavated, covered in subsoils, or turned into stabilized unpaved surfaces. If initial topsoil stockpile areas are insufficient to accommodate the quantities of topsoil being generated, the excess is to be placed at either end of the subsoil stockpile and segregated as much as possible. After major earthwork, grading, and erosion/drainage/sediment controls are complete, any areas that can be identified for immediate interim reclamation shall receive topsoil. 6. General Rough Grading. The site location will be graded to provide suitable surfaces for building sites and vehicle traffic, and may be graded to establish surface drainage patterns, such as berms or roadside ditches as necessary. 7. Excavation. Soil will be excavated to allow for the construction of foundations. Trenches will be excavated for all underground piping and conduit. Excess soil will typically be used in general site grading. 8. Foundation Construction. Foundations will be constructed to support facility buildings. Foundations may consist of select backfill, concrete spread footings, piles, etc. Finished support elevations are to be installed according to engineered drawings or twelve to eighteen inches (12-18") above finished grade or the lowest point of the facility. 9. Facility Construction. Buildings, tanks, processing equipment, etc. will be constructed. Utilities will be installed. Interim Reclamation: 10. Landscaping. If necessary, certain areas will be spread with topsoil and landscaped. 11. Gravel Surfacing. Areas used for access, parking, or materials staging will typically be gravel surfaced. 12. Reclamation of Unused Areas. Areas not needed for facilities, roads, parking, or materials staging will generally be reclaimed. Salvaged topsoil will be spread and the vegetative seed mix will be applied. 13. Application of Erosion Stabilization. Depending on terrain (e.g. steep slopes and drainage crossings) additional measures may be applied to increase stability of the reclaimed area. Possible erosion stabilization methods are provided within the BMP Manual (discussed in Section 3.3). Actual locations and measures used are shown on the Site Plans, which are kept with the Site Specific Records (Volume 2 of the Master SWMP). 2-5 Revised June 2009 Final Reclamation: 14. Reclamation of Closed Facilities. When facilities are no longer necessary, the buildings may be demolished, according to approved procedures. All construction materials will be removed and the newly disturbed areas will be reclaimed. Any remaining topsoil will be spread and the vegetative seed mix will be applied. This may occur after termination of this permit and under the coverage of a new construction permit. 2.1.4 Man Camps and Helicopter Pads Construction activities for man camps, helicopter pads, and other small areas are generally completed in the following sequence: Preconstruction: 1. Surveys. Topographic, vegetation, wildlife and archeology, as dictated. 2. Temporary BMPs. Where physical access is available, installation of terminal perimeter and temporary sediment controls, such as wattles, silt fence and/or other as necessary. Actual BMPs used for each site are shown on the Site Plans, which are kept with the Site Specific Records (Volume 2 of the Master SWMP). Construction: 3. Vegetation clearing. Vegetation will be cleared/grubbed and placed along the perimeter at the terminal discharge edges/points in a windrow and/or dam beyond the edge of excavation and at any run -on -protection discharge points, and/or chipped or other depending on landowner requirements. 4. Diversions and Retention Reservoirs. After vegetation clearing and prior to topsoil stockpiling, diversions may be placed for ROP to prevent the greater landscape from discharging onto the planned disturbance. Temporary sediment control BMPs shall be placed at the discharge points of the ROP until permanent erosion controls can be installed along the entire length of the ROP. Diversions may be installed along the terminal discharge edge inside of the vegetation windrows to convey site water/sediment to terminal discharge points where rough retention reservoirs are to be installed. The retention reservoir outlets may receive temporary sediment control BMPs until permanent retention reservoirs and erosion, drainage, and sediment BMPs can be installed. 5. Topsoil Stripping/Conservation. All ACCESSIBLE TOPSOIL is to be removed from areas that are to be excavated, covered in subsoils, or turned into stabilized unpaved surfaces. If initial topsoil stockpile areas are insufficient to accommodate the quantities of topsoil being generated, the excess is to be placed at either end of the subsoil stockpile and segregated as much as possible. After major earthwork, grading, and erosion/drainage/sediment controls are complete, any areas that can be identified for immediate interim reclamation shall receive topsoil. 6. General Rough Grading. The site location will be graded to provide suitable surfaces for vehicle traffic, trailers, etc. and may be graded to establish surface drainage patterns, such as berms or roadside ditches as necessary. 7. Facility Construction. Trailers, buildings, or other structures will be installed or constructed. Interim Reclamation: 8. Gravel Surfacing. Areas used for access, parking, or materials staging will typically be gravel surfaced. 9. Reclamation of Unused Areas. Areas not needed for facilities, roads, parking, or materials staging will generally be reclaimed. Salvaged topsoil will be spread and the vegetative seed mix will be applied. 10. Application of Erosion Stabilization. Depending on terrain (e.g. steep slopes and drainage crossings) additional measures may be applied to increase stability of the reclaimed area. Possible erosion stabilization methods are provided within the BMP Manual (discussed in Section 3.3). Actual 2-6 Revised June 2009 locations and measures used are shown on the Site Plans, which are kept with the Site Specific Records (Volume 2 of the Master SWMP). Final Reclamation: 11. Reclamation of Post -Operation Areas. When operation of man camp or helicopter pad is no longer necessary, the area may be decommissioned and all newly disturbed areas will be reclaimed. Any remaining topsoil will be spread and the vegetative seed mix will be applied. This may occur after termination of this permit and under the coverage of a new construction permit. 2.2 Area Estimates The total Permit Coverage Area is estimated to be approximately 95,000 Acres. The area that will undergo clearing, excavation, and/or grading is estimated to be approximately 800 acres. Because the area will vary over time, these are only approximate estimates. This information is used to help determine the extent of control measures (BMPs) needed. 2.3 Description of Existing Topography and Soils The Permit Coverage Area consists of two climatic zones and are referred to as the Upper and Middle Zones. The Upper Zone exists at elevations between 7,500 to 8,500 feet ASL; excluding southern facing slopes greater than 20%. Annual precipitation within this zone ranges from 16 to 25 inches annually. The soils within the Upper Zone are primarily loam textured soils within the Parachute-Rhone-Irigul series. These soils are mostly well drained, cool soils with dark -colored organic -rich surface layers derived from shale and sandstone. Soil textures above the rim are generally loam with loam to clay loam sub -soils and range in depth from <20" on ridges to >60" in swales. All of the upland soils above the rim are in low to medium erosion classes. The Middle Zone exists at elevations between 7,500 to 6,000 feet ASL; including southern facing slopes greater than 20%. Annual precipitation within this zone ranges from 13 to 14 inches annually. The area below the rim encompassing the cliffs, talus and steep colluvial slope at the base of the cliffs are derived from the Green River shale. Below the cliffs and talus is a zone of soils formed from colluvium and Wasatch Formations. Soils are shallow, poorly developed and there are many rock outcrops and badlands. Badlands are steep, nearly barren areas dissected by many ephemeral drainages. Soils on the upper slopes of this zone have a thin, organic -rich surface layer and little development of soil horizons. Soils on lower slopes are shallow to moderately deep and are well -drained. Surface texture is loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam with variable amounts of gravel, cobbles and boulders, talus slopes and colluvial slopes below rock outcrops. Soils are moderate to highly alkaline. Sub -soils usually have higher clay content and are calcareous. Erosion hazard is usually severe. A map and table summarizing the existing soils within the Permit Coverage Area (including permeability, available water capacity, surface runoff, and erosion hazard of those soils) are provided in Appendix C. 2.4 Description of Existing Vegetation The existing percent vegetative ground cover for each well pad, section of roadway/pipeline, etc. within the Permit Coverage Area is estimated on each inspection and maintenance report form (discussed in Section 5.4), which are kept with the Site Specific Records (Volume 2 of the Master SWMP). A map indicating the existing ecosystem types within the Permit Coverage Area is provided in Appendix C. A description of the existing vegetation within each ecosystem (Mutel, 1992) is as follows: Mountain Grasslands and Meadows. Natural wet meadows and fens are dominated by moisture - loving species, primarily members of the sedge and rush families. Spike-rush (Eleocharis palustris), sedges, Canadian reedgrass (Calamagrostis canadensis), and tufted hairgrass (Deschampsia cespitosa) are common. Natural dry meadows are filled with members of the grass family. Bunchgrasses dominate at low elevations. Needle -and -thread, mountain muhly (Muhlenbergia 2-7 Revised June 2009 montana), Junegrass, blue grama, and species of wheatgrass and bluegrass are common. Successional meadows contain a combination of weedy, introduced plants and plants typical of dry, rocky slopes, such as common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), golden banner (Thermopsis divaricarpa), Colorado locoweed (Oxytropic sericea), mountain pussytoes (Antennaria parvifolia), showy daisies (Erigeron speciosus), stonecrop (Sedum lanceolatum), and some sedges (Carex ssp.). Mountain grasslands, where Thurber fescue (Festuca thurberi) and mountain muhly were once the dominant grasses, are now largely dominated by blue grama, Canada bluegrass (Poa compressa), foxtail barley (Critesion jubatum), and other species as a result of grazing. Riparian Ecosystems a. Lowland Riparian Ecosystems. The lowland riparian ecosystem is dominated by the plains cottonwood (Populus deltoidea ssp. occidentalis), the valley cottonwood (Populus deltoidea ssp. wislizenii) and the peach -leaved willow (Salix amygdaloides). Common shrubs and herbaceous plants include snowberry (Symphoricarpos occidentalis), sandbar willow (Salix exigua), bulrush (Schoenoplectus lacustris), broad-leaved cat -tail (Typha latifolia), prairie cord -grass (Spartina pectinata), and western wheatgrass. b. Mountain Riparian Ecosystems. The mountain riparian ecosystem is dominated by quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), lanceleaf cottonwood (Populus X acuminata), narrowleaf cottonwood (Populus angustifolia), and Colorado blue spruce (Picea pungens). Common shrubs include alder (Alnus incana), river birch (Betula fontinalis), chokecherry (Padus virginiana), common gooseberry (Ribes inerme), bush honeysuckle (Distegia involucrata), and mountain maple (Acer glabrum). The lush riparian herbaceous understory includes forbs, grasses, sedges, rushes, climbing vines, mosses, lichens, and liverworts. Weedy invaders are also common. Shrublands. Shrub communities include semidesert shrublands found in dry lowlands, sagebrush shrublands that occupy a wide range of elevation from the Colorado Plateau to high mountain valleys, and montane shrublands other than sagebrush, characteristic of foothills and mountain regions. a. Semidesert Shrublands. Common shrubs include Great Basin big sagebrush (Seriphidium tridentatum), greasewood (Sarcobatus vermiculatus), rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus), four -winged saltbush (Atriplex canescens), and shadscale (Atriplex confertifolia). Common grasses and forbs include galletagrass (Hilaria jamesii), blue grama, alkali sacaton (Sporobolus airoides), nodding eriogonum (Eriogonum cernuum), copper mallow (Sphaeralcea coccinea), and prince's plume (Stanleya pinnata). b. Sagebrush Shrublands. Common shrubs include Great Basin big sagebrush, mountain big sagebrush (Seriphidium vaseyanum), rabbitbrush, and serviceberry (Amelanchier alnifolia). Common grasses and forbs include nodding eriogonum, copper mallow, and Indian Paintbrush (Castilleja spp.). c. Montane Shrublands. Common shrubs include mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus), Gamble oak (Quercus gambelii), rabbitbrush, serviceberry, and skunkbrush (Rhus aromatica). Common grasses and forbs include needle -and -thread, western wheatgrass, copper mallow, and Indian Paintbrush. Pinyon -Juniper Woodlands. Pinyon -juniper woodlands consist of scattered Utah juniper interspersed with big sagebrush. Pinyon pine is a minor component. Several other shrub species also occur in this community, including snowberry, bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata), snakeweed (Gutierrezia sarothrae), and serviceberry. In general, the sparse herbaceous layer consists of graminoids such as cheatgrass (Anisantha tectorum), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), western wheatgrass, Indian ricegrass (Oryzopsis hymenoides), and squirreltail (Elymus elymoides). Forbs include Tracy's thistle (Cirsium tracyi), mariposa lily (Calochortus nuttallii), western wallflower (Erysimum capitatum), tapertip onion (Allium acuminatum), yarrow (Achillea lanulosa), stemless four -nerve daisy (Tetraneuris acaulis), and sharpleaf twinpod (Physaria acutifolia). All of these are native species, except for cheatgrass (an invasive, non-native annual species) and Kentucky bluegrass (a widely naturalized non-native perennial species). 2-8 Revised June 2009 Montane Forests a. Ponderosa Pine Forests. These forests are dominated by the ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) and the Rocky Mountain juniper (Savina scopulorum). Common shrubs and herbaceous plants include the wax currant (Ribes cereum), blue grama, side -oats grama, Junegrass, needle -and -thread, spike fescue (Leucopoa kingii), and sulphur flower (Eriogonum umbellatum). b. Douglas Fir Forests. These forests are dominated by the Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). Common shrubs and herbaceous plants include common juniper (Juniperus communis), kinnikinnik (Arctostaphylos), mountain maple (Acer glabrum), mountain lover (Paxistima myrsinites), heart -leaved arnica (Arnica cordifolia), and false Solomon's seal (Maianthemum spp.) c. Aspen forests. Quaking aspen generally occur on north -facing slopes, and along drainage swales. The aspen forest generally has an understory of Wood's rose (Rosa woodsii), Colorado blue columbine (Aquilegia caerulea), showy daisy, Thurber fescue, white geranium (Geranium richardsonii), common lupine (Lupinus argenteus), Fendler meadowrue (Thalictrum fendlen), and American vetch (Vicia americana). d. Lodgepole Pine Forests. These forests are dominated by the lodgepile pine (Pinus contorta). Common shrubs and herbaceous plants include broom huckleberry (Vaccinium scoparium), common juniper, kinnikinnik, sticky -laurel (Ceanothus velutinus), and heart -leaved arnica. Urban Areas. Urban areas contain an increased density of human -created structures in comparison to the areas surrounding it. Depending on the area, vegetation may account for anywhere between 20 and 70 percent of the total land cover, with the remaining portion being constructed materials. Types of vegetation within urban areas may be any combination of the above ecosystems, and may include areas of blue grass yards and parks. Cropland. Cropland vegetation may consist of wheat, corn, soybeans, or a variety of many other crops. Cropland may either lie fallow (bare of any crops) or contain crops at any stage of growth from seedlings to mature plants. 2.5 Identification of Potential Pollution Sources Potential sources of pollution are associated with all phases of the project from the start of construction though interim reclamation and up until final stabilization has occurred. Final stabilization occurs when construction activities have been completed and all disturbed areas have been either built on, paved, or a uniform vegetative cover has been established with a density of at least 70 percent of pre -disturbance levels, or equivalent permanent, physical erosion reduction methods have been employed. The most common source of pollution during construction is sediment resulting from the erosion of recently cleared and/or graded areas, such as cut/fill slopes and soil stockpiles. However, there may be many potential pollution sources at any given site. The following types of conditions that might affect the potential for a pollutant source to contribute pollutants to stormwater (CDPHE, 2007B) shall be evaluated: • The frequency of the activity (i.e., does it occur every day or just once a month? can it be scheduled to occur only during dry weather?); • Characteristics of the area where the activity takes place (i.e., surface type (pavement, gravel, vegetation, etc.), physical characteristics (site gradients, slope lengths, etc.)); • Ability of primary and secondary containment (fuel tanks, drum storage, etc.) at product storage and loading/unloading facilities to prevent and contain spills and leaks; • Proximity of product storage and loading/unloading facilities to waterways or drainage facilities; • Concentration and toxicity of materials which may to be found in the site's stormwater runoff; and • Contamination of storage facilities/containment with stored materials (i.e., used oil drums or tanks coated with spilled oil). 2-9 Revised June 2009 The following items are potential sources of pollutants at the North Parachute Ranch. Each of the potential sources of pollutants will be controlled using one or more of the following types of BMPs: Erosion Controls, Drainage Controls, Sediment Controls or Non-Stormwater Controls. Descriptions and details for each of these types of BMPs are provided in the BMP Manual (discussed in Section 3.3). Actual BMPs used at each site are shown on the Site Plans (discussed in Section 5.4). Construction: • All Disturbed and Stored Soils: Erosion Controls, Drainage Controls, Sediment Controls. • Vehicle Tracking of Sediments: Sediment Controls, Non-Stormwater Controls. • Management of Contaminated Soils: Non-Stormwater Controls. • Loading and Unloading Operations: Non-Stormwater Controls. • Outdoor Storage Activities (Building Materials, Fertilizers, Chemicals, etc.): Non-Stormwater Controls. • Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance and Fueling: Non-Stormwater Controls. • Significant Dust or Particulate Generating Processes: Non-Stormwater Controls. • Routine Maintenance Activities Involving Fertilizers, Pesticides, Detergents, Fuels, Solvents, Oils, etc.: Non-Stormwater Controls. • On -Site Waste Management Practices (Waste Piles, Liquid Wastes, Dumpsters, etc.): Non-Stormwater Controls. • Concrete Truck/Equipment Washing, Including the Concrete Truck Chute and Associated Fixtures and Equipment: Non-Stormwater Controls. • Dedicated Asphalt and Concrete Batch Plants: There will be no asphalt or concrete batch plants located within the Permit Coverage Area of this SWMP. • Non -Industrial Waste Sources Such as Worker Trash and Portable Toilets: Non-Stormwater Controls. Interim/Final Reclamation: • All Disturbed and Stored Soils: Erosion Controls, Drainage Controls, Sediment Controls. • Vehicle Tracking of Sediments: Sediment Controls, Non-Stormwater Controls. • Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance and Fueling: Non-Stormwater Controls. • Significant Dust or Particulate Generating Processes: Non-Stormwater Controls. • Non -Industrial Waste Sources such as Worker Trash and Portable Toilets: Non-Stormwater Controls. 2.6 Allowable Sources of Non-Stormwater Discharge Allowable sources of non-stormwater discharge within the Permit Coverage Area include the following: • Uncontaminated Springs. Although there are several springs within the Permit Coverage Area, None of these springs are currently located in areas where soil disturbance will occur. If this changes in the future, the controls used at any such location will be noted in the Site Specific Records. (Volume 2) • Landscape Irrigation Return Flow. There are several locations in the Lower Zone where pipelines are within irrigated fields. These locations will be treated similarly to any water crossing with the use of an appropriate control which will be noted in the Site Specific Records. • Construction Dewatering. Construction dewatering is described and discussed in Section 3.2.5. • Concrete Washout. Concrete washout is described and discussed in Section 3.2.4. 2-10 Revised June 2009 • Emergency Fire Fighting Water. Water used to put out any type of fire is considered an allowable source of non-stormwater discharge. No other non-stormwater discharges are allowed under the Stormwater Construction Permit. Other types of non-stormwater discharges must be addressed in a separate permit issued for that discharge. 2.7 Receiving Water Runoff from disturbed areas during construction will be controlled and/or routed through the use of one or more BMPs, as described later in this plan, prior to being discharged to receiving waters. However, it may be expected that runoff from certain areas will infiltrate into the earth and is not expected to contribute to receiving waters. In general, runoff from the Permit Coverage Area comes from springs and tributaries that lead to three different forks. West Fork will flow east to south east; Middle Fork will flow south to south east and East Fork will flow west to south east. All tributaries will flow to Parachute Creek and then in to the Colorado River. 2.8 Master SWMP Permit Area Map and Individual Stormwater Site Plans An overall Master SWMP Permit Area Map is provided as Appendix D. This map is likely to change constantly and will be updated at least annually. The Master SWMP Permit Area Map includes: • Contours and elevations (topography) with existing drainage patterns; • Locations and names of major surface waters such as streams, wetlands, irrigation ditches, canals, etc..., • Master SWMP permit area boundaries; and • Construction area locations including roads, pipelines, well pads, compressor station facilities, treatment facilities, water parks, and all other facilities. Individual Stormwater Site Plans (Site Plans) of each site (well pad, access road, section of pipeline, etc.) are provided with the Site Specific Records (Volume 2 of the Master SWMP) Separate Site Plans will be developed for each phase of construction: preconstruction, construction, interim reclamation (if applicable), final stabilization (if applicable) and final reclamation (if applicable). These Site Plans include: • Construction site boundaries (this is the area expected to be disturbed by clearing, excavating, grading, or other construction activities); • Contours and elevations (topography) with existing and proposed drainage patterns; • Limits of well pads and locations of reserve pits and well heads (if applicable); • All areas of ground surface disturbance, including areas of cut and fill; • Locations of all potential pollutant sources listed in Section 2.5 (including areas used for vehicle fueling, the storage of materials, equipment, soil, or waste, etc...); • Locations of all minor surface waters and all anticipated allowable sources of non-stormwater discharge (including springs, dewatering, concrete washout, etc...); • Locations of all existing and planned BMPs (including erosion, drainage, and sediment controls); • Locations, names, and distances to streams, wetlands, irrigation ditches, canals, and other surface waters; and • The size, type and location of any outfall(s). If the stormwater discharge is to a municipal separate stormwater system, name that system, the location of the storm sewer discharge, and the ultimate receiving water(s). 2-11 Revised June 2009 Figures showing typical BMP locations along roadways and pipelines are provided as part of the BMP Manual (discussed in Section 3.3). 2-12 Revised June 2009 3.0 Best Management Practices (BMPs) A key component of this Master SWMP is employing BMPs to improve stormwater quality. Local factors will be evaluated to determine what BMPs are suitable and practical at different locations. BMPs will be employed in different combinations during construction activities and phases as conditions warrant. Due to the fact that this Master SWMP is likely to cover more than one ecosystem (as described in Section 2.4), the selection of BMPs (including type, quantity, sequence/combination, etc.) will vary at each site within the Master SWMP Permit Area. Specific BMPs to be employed at each well pad, road, pipeline, or other facility are identified on the Site Plans, which are kept with the Site Specific Records (Volume 2 of the Master SWMP). 3.1 Erosion, Drainage, and Sediment Control BMPs The primary method for controlling erosion, drainage, and sediment transport consists of minimizing initial disturbance of the soil and ground cover. However, many other methods can also be used. All stormwater- related BMPs will fall under at least one of the following three types of controls: • Erosion Control. Any source control practice that protects the soil surface and/or strengthens the subsurface in order to prevent soil particles from being detached by rain or wind, thus controlling raindrop, sheet, and/or rill erosion. • Runoff Control. Any practice that reduces or eliminates gully, channel, and stream erosion by minimizing, diverting, or conveying runoff. • Sediment Control. Any practice that traps the soil particles after they have been detached and moved by wind or water. Sediment control measures are usually passive systems that rely on filtering or settling the particles out of the water or wind that is transporting them prior to leaving the site boundary. BMPs may also be classified as either structural or non-structural controls: • Structural Control. Handles sediment -laden stormwater prior to it leaving each site. Structural BMPs are used to delay, capture, store, treat, or infiltrate stormwater runoff. Some examples of structural BMPs include sediment traps, diversions, and silt fences. Most Runoff Controls and Sediment Controls can also be classified as Structural Controls. • Non-structural Control. Reduces the generation and accumulation of pollutants, including sediment, from a construction site by stabilizing disturbed areas and preventing the occurrence of erosion. Some examples of non-structural BMPs include revegetation, mulching, and surface roughening. These types of stabilization techniques are not only the most effective method for reducing soil loss, but they are also normally the most cost effective due to low initial cost and reduced maintenance requirements. Most, but not all, Erosion Controls can also be classified as Non-structural Controls. The Site Plans, as mentioned previously and kept with the Site Specific Records (Volume 2 of the Master SWMP), show the proposed locations of all erosion, drainage, and sediment control BMPs (both structural and non-structural). Detailed descriptions, design criteria, construction specifications, and maintenance information for all BMPs are provided in the BMP Manual (discussed in Section 3.3). 3.2 Non-Stormwater Control BMPs Non-stormwater controls include general site and materials management measures that indirectly aid in the minimization of water pollution. Types of pollution sources include, but are not limited to, litter, oil and grease, hazardous material spills, and sediment. 3-1 Revised June 2009 3.2.1 Materials Delivery and Storage The good housekeeping practices listed below will be followed on site during construction and operation: • An effort will be made to store only enough product required for task completion. • All materials stored on site will be stored in a neat and orderly manner in appropriate containers and, where possible, under a roof or other enclosure, and/or within secondary containment areas to avoid contact with stormwater. • Products will be kept in their original containers with the original manufacturer's label. • Substances will not be mixed with one another unless recommended by the manufacturer. • Whenever possible, all of the product will be used before disposing of the container. • Manufacturer's recommendations for proper use and disposal will be followed. Additional information on material delivery and storage is available in the BMP Manual (discussed in Section 3.3). 3.2.2 Material Handling and Spill Prevention In addition to the material storage practices (listed in the previous section) that will be used to reduce the risk of spills or other accidental exposure of materials and substance, the BMP Manual (discussed in Section 3.3) will provide more detailed information on spill prevention and control. Furthermore, the Spill Prevention, Control and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plan will be followed for the control of hydrocarbons. In general, spill prevention and response procedures will include notification (CDPHE 24-hour spill reporting line — 877-518- 5608), clean-up with the use of spill kits and absorbents, and ensuring that materials and wash water can not discharge from the site, and never into a storm drain system or stream. 3.2.3 Vehicle Cleaning, Fueling, Maintenance, and Tracking Controls As required by Encana Oil & Gas (USA), Inc. master service agreement(s) and drilling contract(s), contracting companies and/or vendors are required to service all vehicles and equipment prior to entering Encana facilities. However, in the event maintenance procedures are required at Encana facilities, all fluids transferred must utilize secondary containment and drip pans to minimize a release of materials and properly dispose or recycle spent materials in compliance with local, state, and federal guidelines. While on site, equipment will be parked, serviced, and fueled within designated areas. Equipment fueling on pipeline rights-of-way will be completed where necessary during active construction. Periodic inspections of equipment and control procedures will be implemented. Selected equipment may be fueled in place using fuel trucks. When necessary, equipment and machinery will be decontaminated at an on-site decontamination area prior to removal from the construction area. Areas will be provided with adequate waste disposal receptacles for liquid as well as solid waste. Vehicle tracking of sediments is not expected to be a problem due to construction scheduling. Construction vehicles will remain on site throughout earth -moving activities. All other vehicles remain in stabilized areas and do not enter the construction area until that area is stabilized. However, applicable BMPs (such as scheduling (to minimize site access), stabilized construction entrances, vehicle cleaning, etc.) will be utilized if sediment tracking does become a problem. In addition to the typical practices listed above, the BMP Manual (discussed in Section 3.3) provides more detailed information on vehicle cleaning, fueling, maintenance, and tracking controls. 3.2.4 Waste Management and Disposal As required by Encana Oil & Gas (USA), Inc. master service agreement(s) and drilling contract(s), contracting companies and/or vendors are required to manage all waste generated by their activities at Encana facilities in 3-2 Revised June 2009 compliance with local, state, and federal guidelines. Encana Oil & Gas (USA) utilizes a periodic inspection program to ensure waste management requirements are fulfilled and inspections are documented. A few of the waste management procedures that will be followed include the following: • Proper bins will be provided for trash collection and disposal in compliance with local, state, and federal guidelines. • Contaminated soils will be placed into a lined and bermed area. Samples of the impacted soil will be collected and a complete characterization analysis will be performed. When applicable, the impacted soil will be sent to a licensed disposal facility. • The contractor will provide portable toilets. Sanitary waste will be regularly collected by a licensed sanitary waste management contractor and disposed of in an approved manner. • In the event that sediment is inadvertently transported off the construction site, it will be collected and returned to the site and placed on the soil stockpile or spread over the construction pad area and compacted. On well pads and access roads concrete washout is used as an interior conductor pipe ballast. Concrete washout water can NOT be discharged to surface waters or to storm sewer systems without separate permit coverage. However, discharge to the ground of concrete washout water from washing of tools and concrete mixer chutes may be authorized by this permit, provided that (CDPHE, 2007a): 1. The source is identified in the SWMP; 2. BMPs are included in the SWMP to prevent pollution of groundwater; and 3. These discharges do not leave the site as surface runoff or to surface waters. Locations where concrete washout activities take place are shown on the Site Plans. Additional waste management procedures, including solid waste, hazardous waste, contaminated soil, concrete washout, and septic and sanitary waste, are included in the BMP Manual (discussed in Section 3.3). 3.2.5 Dewatering Dewatering refers to the mechanical removal of water from an excavation or other structure. Both groundwater and stormwater may require dewatering during construction. Dewatering of pipelines at the completion of hydrostatic testing will be required for most pipeline installations. 3.2.5.1 Groundwater Dewatering Groundwater is very rarely encountered during the construction activities associated with either E&P sites or Midstream Services. If groundwater is encountered, it is typically during construction of a pipeline across a stream crossing. These pipelines are either bored under the stream or a flume is utilized. Non-stormwater construction dewatering of groundwater can NOT be discharged to surface waters or to storm sewer systems without separate permit coverage. However, discharges to the ground of water from construction dewatering activities may be authorized by this permit, provided that (CDPHE, 2007a): 1. The source is groundwater and/or groundwater combined with stormwater that does not contain pollutants in concentrations exceeding the State groundwater standards in Regulations 5 CCR 1002- 41 and 42; 2. The source is identified in the SWMP; 3-3 Revised June 2009 3. BMPs are included in the SWMP; and 4. These discharges do not leave the site as surface runoff or to surface waters. Dewatered groundwater shall be pumped or diverted to a sediment control BMP prior to discharge to the ground. Locations of groundwater dewatering, as well as any BMPs utilized, will be noted on the Site Plans as soon as such dewatering occurs. Additional information on groundwater dewatering is provided in the BMP Manual, discussed in Section 3.3. 3.2.5.2 Stormwater Dewatering The discharge of pumped stormwater (not including groundwater or other non-stormwater sources) from excavations, ponds, depressions, etc., to surface water, or to a municipal separate storm -sewer system is allowed by the Stormwater Construction Permit, as long as the dewatering activity and associated BMPs are identified in the SWMP (including location of the activity), and BMPs are implemented in accordance with the BMP Manual, discussed in Section 3.3 (CDPHE, 2007c). Stormwater that collects in open depressions or trenches during construction activities will be dewatered into an existing sediment control, such as a detention pond, a sediment trap, or simply into a well -vegetated area to percolate into the ground and catch suspended sediment. The quality, source, and location of dewatering, as well as any BMPs utilized, will be noted on the Site Plans as soon as such dewatering occurs. Additional information on stormwater dewatering is provided in the BMP Manual, discussed in Section 3.3. 3.2.5.3 Pipeline Dewatering New Department of Transportation (DOT) pipelines are hydrostatically tested with water upon completion of construction. Once the hydrostatic testing has been completed, dewatering of the pipeline must occur. This will involve the insertion of a displacer, commonly referred to as a pig, in the pipeline. The discharge rate will be regulated, and energy dissipation devices, and/or sediment controls will be used, as necessary, to prevent erosion, streambed scour, suspension of sediments, or excessive stream flow. Locations on pipeline dewatering, as well as any BMPs utilized, will be noted on the Site Plans as soon as such dewatering occurs. Additional information on stormwater dewatering is provided in the BMP Manual, discussed in Section 3.3. 3.3 Stormwater Manual of BMPs A Stormwater Manual of Best Management Practices (BMP Manual) is provided as Appendix E. The BMP Manual has been prepared to provide Encana personnel, contractors, and subcontractors with information on the proper selection, design, installation, and maintenance of BMPs to manage oil and gas related stormwater and to meet federal and state SWMP implementation requirements. The main objectives of the BMP manual are to: • Serve as an easy-to-use guide for selecting, designing, installing, and maintaining BMPs. • Function as a reference for construction plans and specifications. • Ultimately lead to the avoidance of any net increase in off-site erosion and sedimentation of waters of the U.S. The BMPs within this BMP Manual are organized into four main types of controls for easy reference: Erosion Controls, Runoff Controls, Sediment Controls, and Non-stormwater Controls. Each of these types of controls has been discussed earlier in this section of the SWMP. 3.4 Phased BMP Implementation Various BMPs will be implemented and maintained during different phases of the project. A description of each phase is as follows: 3-4 Revised June 2009 • Preconstruction. The preconstruction phase involves the installation of BMPs (temporary and/or permanent) around each site perimeter and at discharge points (such as vegetation buffers (no installation required for this BMP), slash, wattles, diversions, sediment basins and reservoirs, etc...). • Construction. The construction phase involves the stripping and stockpiling of topsoil, the excavation and backfill for access roads, pipelines, and well pads, and the installation of additional BMPs (preferably permanent BMPs) to control erosion and sedimentation (such as tracking topsoil piles and the installation of roadside channels, culverts, diversions, etc...). • Interim Reclamation. The interim reclamation phase primarily involves seeding of all disturbed areas not needed during operation of the well pads. However, this phase also involves the installation of any additional permanent BMPs that may be needed, as well as the continued maintenance and inspections of all BMPs until final stabilization occurs. Final stabilization occurs once all surfaces are built on, paved or graveled, and/or a uniform stabilized vegetative cover with a density of 70 percent of pre -disturbance levels has been established or when an equivalent permanent, physical erosion reduction method has been employed. A further explanation of final stabilization is provided as section 4 of this plan. • Final Reclamation. For pipelines, this phase involves seeding of all disturbed areas, and the installation of any additional permanent BMPs that may be needed, as well as the continued maintenance and inspections of all BMPs until final stabilization occurs. For other areas (roads, well pads, facilities, etc...), this phase (which may occur after termination of this permit and under the coverage of a new construction permit) occurs when operation of the area is no longer necessary. In these cases, this phase will include the installation of any additional BMPs required during facility decommissioning as well as the spreading of any remaining topsoil, the application of seed, and the inspection/maintenance of all BMPs until final stabilization occurs. Temporary controls, such as silt fencing, may be used to control sediment and erosion during preconstruction and construction activities. Permanent controls, such as diversions and sediment traps, may also be used during the initial phases of the project. However, only permanent controls will be used during interim reclamation and final stabilization. Temporary controls may be converted into permanent controls (such as revegetating a diversion) if needed. The primary control used during interim and final stabilization will be revegetation. Seeding will occur as soon as possible after disturbance of an area is complete. If the seeding is not successful, the area will either be reseeded or other controls will be put in place until reseeding can occur. 3-5 Revised June 2009 4.0 Interim Reclamation and Final Stabilization As soon as practicable after construction activities have been completed in a disturbed area, interim (for well pads, or other facilities) or final (for roads and pipelines) reclamation will be started to prevent further erosion of soil from that area. This typically occurs immediately upon completion of earthwork activities. All disturbed areas (except for the surface of dirt roads, those portions covered by pavement or a structure, and those areas used during operation of a well) will be stabilized with permanent controls. The most common measure used to achieve final stabilization is revegetation. Mulching, erosion control blankets, surfacing with gravel or slash, and/or other methods may also be used. Structural controls (such as diversions, berms, and sediment traps) may be revegetated and used as permanent measures to control pollutants in stormwater discharges that will occur after construction operations have been completed. Appendix E includes detailed information on each of the previously discussed BMPs. In addition, a revegetation manual is provided as Appendix B, which provides guidance as to possible methods and materials needed to accomplish revegetation on differing site conditions. The specific BMPs used at each site are shown on the Site Plans which are kept with the Site Specific Records (Volume 2 of the Master SWMP). Final stabilization means that all ground surface disturbing activities at the site have been completed, and all disturbed areas have been either built on, paved, or a uniform vegetative cover has been established with an individual plant density of at least 70 percent of pre -disturbance levels, or equivalent permanent, physical erosion reduction methods have been employed. For purposes of this permit, establishment of a vegetative cover capable of providing erosion control equivalent to pre-existing conditions at the site will be considered final stabilization. Areas developed as stabilized unpaved surfaces as needed for operation of the facility after interim reclamation, will also qualify as "finally stabilized." This includes dirt road surfaces and the portions of the well pad surfaces that cannot be revegetated due to operational necessity, but does not include slopes, ditches, and other areas where revegetation is necessary. Stabilized unpaved surfaces will be prepared in such a way as to prevent ongoing erosion issues. Coverage under the Stormwater Construction Permit may be inactivated for any individual site or a portion/section of that site (i.e. the access road to a well pad) when the area has attained final stabilization and all temporary erosion and sediment control measures associated with that area have been removed. An area will be considered finally stabilized when construction and interim reclamation is complete and when the above final stabilization criteria have been met, even though the site may be disturbed again in the future for final reclamation. However, future land disturbances that follow final stabilization and result in disturbance of one acre or greater (such as final reclamation) will require new permit coverage at that time. Upon final stabilization of any site or portion/section of a site, Oil and Gas Construction Field Permit Certification NOTICE OF AMENDMENT OF PERMIT COVERAGE and/or Final Stabilization Certification (provided in Appendix F) will be placed into the Site Specific Records binder to replace the Site Plans and the inspection and maintenance records for that area. However, the Site Plans and inspection reports shall be retained in a separate location for a period of three years following final stabilization of the Permit Coverage Area. These documents will be made available to WQCD or EPA upon request and at the time of inspection. 4-1 Revised June 2009 5.0 Inspection and Maintenance Inspections and maintenance is an extremely important part of the Stormwater Construction Permit. The Construction Manager will ensure that all stormwater management controls are constructed or applied in accordance with governing specifications or good engineering practices. Experienced teams will be used for construction. A first inspection will occur upon installation of the controls. In addition, all workers on the site will be trained as to the location and use of the controls, especially those controls that will be disturbed as construction proceeds across the site. The goal is to minimize the potential for inadvertent removal or disturbance of BMPs and to prevent the off site transport of sediment and other pollutants. 5.1 Inspection Schedule Inspections are required as soon as the first soil disturbance occurs at the site. Once final stabilization of the site has occurred and the Encana inspector has filled out the final stabilization certification sheet (see Section 4), inspections are no longer necessary. Specific information regarding inspection schedules are provided in the following sections. 5.1.1 Minimum Inspection Schedule for active sites The minimum inspection schedule applies to those sites under active construction, which includes the period from when the ground is initially disturbed to when construction activity is completed, and also includes the preparation of areas that will be revegetated for interim reclamation. During the Active Site period, a thorough inspection of the site stormwater management system (which includes all utilized BMPs) must be conducted at least every 14 calendar days. Also, post -storm event inspections must be conducted within 24 hours after the end of any precipitation or snowmelt event that causes surface erosion. There are three exceptions to the minimum inspection schedule which are described in detail within the next three sections: post -storm event inspections at temporarily idle sites (inspections required within 72 hours after a storm), inspections at completed sites (inspections required monthly), and inspections during certain winter conditions (inspections may not be required). Any use of an exception is temporary, and does not eliminate the requirement to perform routine maintenance due to the effects of a storm event or other conditions that may impact BMP performance, including maintaining vehicle tracking controls and removing sediment from impervious areas. Inspections, as described above, are required at all other times. 5.1.2 Post -Storm Event Inspections at Temporarily Idle Sites Temporarily idle sites are those where there are no construction activities occurring following a storm event. At such sites, post -storm event inspections must be conducted prior to restarting construction activities at the site, but no later than 72 hours following the storm event, and the delay noted in the inspection report. Routine inspections still must be conducted at least every 14 calendar days. 5.1.3 Completed Sites Once construction is completed and the site has been prepared for interim or final stabilization (including completion of appropriate soil preparation, amendments and stabilization practices), the site (or portion of the site) is considered a Completed Site (for purposes of the stormwater permit). Note: only construction activities that result in a disturbance of the ground surface must be completed. Construction activities that can be conducted without disturbance of the ground surface, such as certain well completion activities, would not prohibit a site from otherwise qualifying as a Completed Site. (Completed Sites still require permit coverage until the final stabilization criteria have been met) Completed Sites qualify for a reduced inspection schedule, as the potential for pollution is reduced if the site has been adequately prepared and/or seeded. However, because slopes and other disturbed areas may not be fully vegetated, erosion in these areas still occurs which requires maintenance activities such as regrading 5-1 Revised June 2009 and seeding of problem areas. As such, inspections must continue in order to address these situations. During the Completed Site period, a thorough inspection of the site stormwater management system (which included all utilized BMPs) is required at least once every month. The SWMP must be amended to indicate those areas that will be inspected at this reduced frequency. 5.1.4 Winter Conditions Inspections Exclusion Inspections are not required at sites where construction activities are temporarily halted, snow cover exists over the entire site for an extended period, and melting conditions posing a risk of soil erosion do not exist. This temporary exclusion is applicable only during the period where melting conditions do not exist, and applies to the routine 14 -day and monthly inspections, as well as the post -storm -event inspections. It is typical that when snow cover exists, even at a Completed Site, significant potential for erosion and BMP failure exists when melting does finally occur. Therefore, the site should prepared prior to snow cover to ensure it is as stabilized as possible, and be prepared to perform site maintenance when melt -off occurs, to alleviate any potential problems. Inspection records (see Section 5.4) must document the following information when this exclusion is used: dates when snow cover occurred, date when construction activities ceased, and date melting conditions began. 5.2 Performing Inspections Inspections will be conducted by qualified personnel on the following areas: • All vegetated areas until 70% of pre -disturbance vegetation levels are reached. • All BMP measures identified in this document. • Construction site perimeter and discharge points. • All disturbed areas. • Areas used for storage of material/waste that are exposed to precipitation. • Other areas determined to have a significant potential for stormwater pollution, such as demolition areas or concrete washout locations, or locations where vehicles enter or exit the site. These areas will be inspected to determine if there is evidence of, or the potential for, pollutants leaving the construction site boundaries, entering the stormwater drainage system, or discharging to state waters. All BMPs will be evaluated to determine if they still meet the design and operational criteria in the SWMP and if they continue to adequately control pollutants at the site. Any BMPs not operating in accordance with Appendix E of this SWMP will be repaired or replaced (according to the following section) and the Site Specific Records will be updated. 5.3 Maintenance Maintenance activities will ensure that all control measures are functioning at optimum levels and that all procedures and techniques will be in proper working order during a runoff event or spill condition. Any maintenance, repairs, or replacements deemed necessary after required inspections will be corrected as soon as possible (if not immediately), to minimize the discharge of pollutants. Certain maintenance procedures may take a short period of time to make sure that all the proper safety precautions are in place, such as a "one call" for utilities, if the maintenance involves excavation of sediment located above a buried pipeline. Maintenance will include, but is not limited to: • Pickup or otherwise prevention of litter, construction debris, and construction chemicals from becoming a pollutant source prior to anticipated storm events. • Removal of sediment from silt fences, sediment traps, and other sediment controls. • Reseeding of any bare spots where vegetation has failed to establish. 5-2 Revised June 2009 • Repairs and/or adjustments to any erosion and sediment control that is deteriorating or found to be performing inadequately. Detailed maintenance requirements for each BMP are identified in Appendix E. When maintenance is required, the following process will typically be followed: 1. Perform inspections according to the minimum inspection schedule discussed in Section 5.1. 2. Note the need for maintenance on the inspection and maintenance report form. 3. If necessary, collect the additional materials and/or resources needed to perform the maintenance activity. 4. Perform maintenance and note the date performed on the inspection and maintenance report form. 5. Re -inspect the area to ensure compliance. 5.4 Documenting Inspections and Maintenance The permittee must document inspection results, maintenance activities, and maintain a record of the results for a period of 3 years following expiration or inactivation of permit coverage. A typical inspection and maintenance report form is provided in Appendix G. Although the site may have a phased construction schedule, all construction areas may be inspected at the same time and on one form. Each well pad, road, pipeline, or other facility which is inspected shall be clearly noted on the inspection form. Inspection reports will include the following: • Date of inspection, name of inspector, and title of inspector • The area inspected (Site ID), type of area (well pad, access road, pipeline, etc.), phase of construction (preconstruction, construction, etc.), and type of inspection (active, completed, etc.) • Site specific information including disturbed area, soil type(s), ecosystem/vegetation type(s), receiving waters, etc. • Vegetation observations including the percent pre -disturbance vegetation and whether or not vegetation growth has reached 70% of pre -disturbance levels • Specific inspection requirements (all BMPs and areas of potential pollutant sources) • Observed conditions including: • Location(s) of discharges of sediment or other pollutants from the site • Location(s) of BMPs that need to be maintained • Location(s) of BMPs that failed to operate as designed or proved inadequate for a particular location • Location(s) where additional BMPs are needed that were not in place at the time of inspection • Description and date(s) of corrective action(s) taken, and measures taken to prevent future violations • Changes necessary to the SWMP A hand drawn Site Plan shall be included, if necessary, to show the location(s) of any observed condition (as listed above). After adequate corrective action(s) has been taken and recorded, or where a report does not identify any incidents requiring corrective action, the report will contain a signed statement indicating the site is in compliance with the permit to the best of the signer's knowledge and belief. 5-3 Revised June 2009 All completed inspection and maintenance report forms (a blank copy of which is included in Appendix G) are kept with the Site Specific Records (Volume 2 of the Master SWMP). 5-4 Revised June 2009 6.0 Plan Revisions and Retention When BMPs or site conditions change, the Master SWMP (Volume 1) and/or the Site Specific Records (Volume 2) will be amended to accurately reflect the actual field conditions. Examples include, but are not limited to, removal of BMPs, identification of new potential pollutant sources, addition of BMPs, modification of BMP installation/implementation specifications or maintenance procedures, and changes in items included in the Site Plans. Changes to the Master SWMP (Volume 1) shall be noted on the SWMP Revisions log at the front of this plan. Changes to individual site conditions will be noted in the Site Specific Records (Volume 2) on the applicable inspection and maintenance report form. All changes in Volume 1 and Volume 2 shall be made prior to actual changes in the site conditions, except for responsive SWMP changes, which shall be made immediately after changes are made in the field or as soon as practical, but in no case more than 72 hours after the change(s) in BMP installation and/or implementation occur at the site that require development of materials to modify the SWMP. At a minimum, the Master SWMP will be updated annually. The Master SWMP and the Site Specific Records will be retained at the Encana field office in Parachute during active construction and site inspections to ensure accurate implementation and maintenance of BMPs, and required revisions. These documents will be retained for a period of three years following final stabilization of the Permit Coverage Area. These reports will be made available to WQCD or EPA upon request and at the time of inspection. 6-1 m Revised June 2009 7.0 Inactivation Notice When all disturbed areas associated with the Stormwater Construction Permit have reached "final stabilization" (as described in Section 4), all temporary erosion and sediment control measures have been removed, and all components of the SWMP are complete, the area no longer requires coverage under the permit terms. At that time, Encana will submit an Inactivation Notice that closes this permit to the WQCD upon final stabilization of all areas covered by the permit. A blank copy of this form is included in Appendix H of this document. Upon receipt of the Inactivation Notice, the WQCD will provide written confirmation that coverage under this permit has been terminated. This historical documentation will be maintained at the Encana field office in Parachute for a period of at least three years following termination of permit coverage. 7-1 Revised June 2009 8.0 Signature The signature page will not be signed unless the SWMP is requested by an agency as a legal document. At that time, the supervisor will review the most updated version of the SWMP and sign it before submitting to an agency. "1 certify under penalty of law that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gathered and evaluated the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, the information submitted, to the best of my knowledge and belief, is true, accurate, and complete. 1 am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment or knowing violations." Printed name Title Signature Printed name Signature Date 8-1 Revised June 2009 9.0 References CDPHE, 2007a. CDPS General Permit, Authorization to Discharge under the Colorado Discharge Permit System. Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. Water Quality Control Division. Issued May 31, 2007. http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/wq/PermitsUnit/stormwater/SWConstructionPermit.pdf CDPHE, 2007b. General Permit Application and Stormwater Management Plan Preparation Guidance. Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. Water Quality Control Division. Revised July, 2007. http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/wq/PermitsUnit/stormwater/SWConstructionApplication.pdf CDPHE, 2007c. Rationale. Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. Water Quality Control Division. 2007. http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/wq/PermitsUnit/stormwater/SWConstructionRationale.pdf CDPHE, 2007d. Stormwater Fact Sheet— Construction at Oil and Gas Facilities. Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. Water Quality Control Division. Revised July, 2007. http://www.cdphe.state.co.us/wq/PermitsU nit/stormwater/OGfactsheet. pdf Encana. 2005. Orchard Unit Geographic Area Plan. Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. Encana. 2007. Environmental Assessment of the Rulison Geographic Area Plan for Oil and Gas Development. Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. Mute!, C.F., and Emerick, J.C., 1992. From Grassland to Glacier - The Natural History of Colorado and the Surrounding Region. USEPA, 1990. NPDES Stormwater Regulations, 40 CFR Parts 122.26. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 4‘0/.V/;) 9-1 Revised June 2009 Appendix A General Permit Application Revised June 2009 Appendix B Revegetation Manual Revised June 2009 Appendix C Existing Soil and Vegetation Data Revised June 2009 Appendix D Master SWMP Permit Area Map Revised June 2009 Appendix E Stormwater Manual of Best Management Practices (BMPs t*.c1 Revised June 2009 Appendix F Oil and Gas Construction Field Permit Certification NOTICE OF AMENDMENT OF PERMIT COVERAGE and/or Final Stabilization Certification Revised June 2009 Appendix G Inspection and Maintenance Report Form Revised June 2009 Appendix H Inactivation Form .11gb*b* Revised June 2009 i 1S99W 'iceance 2S99W irt k - p- 11 cru S A IY 1S98W 1S97VV 1S96W T' Piceance Creek, ureka, Story Gulch -2S 7W 2S96W Piceance Creek/Eureka/ Story G'uI�iiUnit' 4S99W 4S98W 4S97W North South Piceance 4S99W Legend SWMP Name Piceance Creek/Eureka/Story Gulch Unit 4S97W 5S97W e Piceance Creek/Eureka/Story Gulch Unit SWMP Boundary Encana Oil & Gas (USA), Inc. 10 5 0 10 Miles Created by: Leslie Booth Date: 09/06/2011 Noxious Weed Management Plan Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 encana.. Introduction natural gas Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Weed Management Effort Summary July, 2010 Encana Oil & Gas (USA) (Encana) is currently implementing several integrated weed management techniques in the Piceance Basin. Whenever possible, weed infestations are assessed on an individual basis, such that the best, site-specific weed management techniques may be executed. Encana employs the benefits of chemical, mechanical, biological, cultural or an integration of these methods in everyday weed management throughout the Piceance field. Chemical Management Chemical means of weed control are the most commonly utilized weed management technique at this point in time. The frequency of this treatment method is mostly attributed to the financial feasibility, speed and relative consistency in results associated with herbicide applications. In general, most Encana sites are inventoried, monitored and sprayed a minimum of 3-4 times per year, based upon the accessibility and known infestation status of the site. With every visit, commercial pesticide applicators monitor previous treatments for effectiveness, inventory for new or surviving plants and treat the site. Documentation of this event is recorded into Encana's Noxious Weed Management Database as reported on contractor invoices and daily pesticide application records. The first site visit and herbicide application is done in the early spring of the approaching growing season or in the late fall of the previous year. At this time, non-selective, residual herbicide applications are made as a safety precaution on active sites. This treatment type also prevents annual weed infestations that are commonly observed on fresh and frequently disturbed sites. During this treatment, pesticide applicators inspect the location and surrounding areas for very young newly emerging weeds, or rosette "flushes" in the circumstance that the site is treated in the fall. The second site visit and treatment is done in spring to early summer. This treatment is intended to target early perennials (hoary cress, primarily), biennial rosettes and annual "obnoxious weeds" such as Russian thistle and kochia. Again, pesticide applicators will inventory the area for later maturing plant species such as Russian knapweed. During the third site visit a mid to late summer inventory is conducted with intentions to spray late - bolting biennials and budding perennials; furthermore, mechanical removal of flowers and seed heads on biennial species (most commonly musk thistle) may also be done around this time. Lastly, on many sites, a late -summer to fall herbicide treatment may be applied on creeping perennials such as Canada thistle and Russian knapweed in order to best capture the opportunity for the use of translocated herbicides. Following this step, the non-selective treatments described above will be used where applicable, and the cycle will start again. This treatment plan is highly site -dependent, thus variations inevitably occur based upon individual site characteristics (i.e. elevation, soils, topography, moisture, etc.) and also upon the various label requirements and recommended target growth stages of the herbicides being used. Mechanical Weed Management Second to chemical means of control, Encana utilized mechanical weed management on a frequent basis. Large-scale mowing or "brush -hogging" projects are primarily executed on reclaimed sites that support a desirable plant component, but which also support a significant, spatially -competitive weed community. Generally, these treatments target annual, non -listed weed types. Encana makes a special effort to utilize mechanical weed management techniques in the early stages of reclamation, so as not to disturb newly establishing native and desirable plants. Additionally, Encana will employ mechanical removal as a second resort when chemical weed control means are not an effective option. These treatments are typically goaled towards the removal of weeds when the growth stage of the target specie is not compatible with chemical control (i.e. removal of thistle seed heads following bolt and flower). Additionally, in the case of fuels reduction for safety purposes, mechanical control is preferred with the objective at hand. Generally, mechanical weed removal is conducted throughout the summer and early fall. Biological Weed Management Encana has introduced the presence of biological weed control agents in recent years and is in the early stages of monitoring and considering the continued use of similar resources. At this time, Encana has released a limited number of biological control agents. These have been released at sites that were not candidates for chemical or mechanical control, either based upon topography, infestation size, spatial relativity to potentially impacted wildlife habitat or a combination of these factors. All releases to date have been established near the property boundaries of weed -harboring neighbors and have been incorporated with some chemical and mechanical means. Casual ocular monitoring has been conducted and landscape photographs have been taken and recorded. Due to the youth of these projects and the expected long-term results of biological controls, little change has been observed at this point. Cultural Weed Manaqement As cultural weed management tools, Encana emphasizes on prevention, early detection/ rapid response (EDRR), and grazing monitoring and rotation grazing, where applicable. As prevention, Encana requires Third Party companies and contractors to clean dirt -moving equipment prior to mobilization into new areas. Encana provides annual, in-house weed identification trainings to their Environmental Field Coordinators to assist in early detection. To support rapid response, Environmental Field Coordinators also carry tools and instructions for mechanical weed removal, in the circumstance that a few, isolated weeds are approached during regular field activities. Lastly, where Encana has authority, livestock grazing plans, pasture rotations and monitoring and inventory plans are implemented to assess and minimize the impacts of grazing on weed infestations and wildlife habitat. Conclusion Due to the primarily fragmented, linear structure of the surfaces managed by Encana, successful weed control proves to be challenging and dynamic. Additionally, because Encana's surfaces are relatively small in scale, a great deal of communication and cooperation between landowners, county representatives and federal government agencies is necessary to effectively and sustainably control, isolate and eradicate weed infestations on a local, landscape basis. To meet these challenges, Encana utilizes standardized reporting, invoicing and inspection processes that are all logged and documented in an Access Database. Figures Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J-25 CDP O'\LOLSSON ASSOCIATES OA Project No. 012-2594 760 Horizon Drive, Suite 102 1 Grand Junction, CO 81506 1 TEL 970.263.7800 1 FAX 970.263.7456 RIO BLANCO COUNTY GARFIELD COUNTY T4S R95W T4S R96W T4S R94W. ENCANA OIL & GAS (USA) INC PARCEL NO. 191727400012 T5S R94W GUARD SHACK (10.6 MILES TO PARACHUTE) CR 215 ENDS & BEGIN PRIVATE ROAD Legend J25 CDP Site Existing Well Pad Existing Road SUUnirIN SURVEYING EVANSTON, WYOMING Wasatch Surveying Associates 906 Main Street Evanston, Wyoming 82930 Phone No. (307) 789-4545 Fax (307) 789-5722 2 Hunter Ridge Energy Services LLC J25 496 CDP Site Vicinity Map SECTION 25, T4S, R96W, 6th, P.M. GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO VICINITY MAP PROJECT No. 12-04-60 DATE: 12/4/2012 SCALE: 1:100,000 1 of 1 �, ■ V�:. 011 ( ■ �. I• `191721400011 213304100952 213305100008 \ : 213308400006" Parcels represented with labels are within 200' of affected parcel ti Ate'! T ." �'�"' 1 ! 1/ t-1 Legend m J25 CDP Location Local Roads Affected Parcel Parcels 0 0.5 1 2 Miles w PROJECT NO'. 012-2594 DRAWN 8Y Jenna Muhlbac/ DATE'. 12/13/12 HUNTER RIDGE LLC. ADJACENT PARCEL MAP GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO 04' OLSSON ASSOCIATES 826 21-1/2 ROAD GRAND JUNCTION, CO 81505 TEL 970.263.7800 FAX 970.263.7456 FIGURE AP - 1 191727400012 ENCANA OIL & GAS (USA) INC.: 213501200013 MOBILCORPORATION Road Data provided by Garfield County GIS Legend 0 J25 CDP Location Route to Site - Local Roads Q Parcels 0 0.5 1 2 Miles s PROJECT NO'. 012-2594 DRAWN 8Y Jenna Muhlbach DATE'. 12/13/12 HUNTER RIDGE LLC. ACCESS ROAD MAP GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO O OLSSON® ASSOCIATES 826 21-1/2 ROAD GRAND JUNCTION, CO 81505 TEL 970.263.7800 FAX 970.263.7456 FIGURE AR - 1 Legend E J25 CDP Location =I 1,500-5 radial circle - Local Roads LJ County Boundary • Oil & Gas Facility PROJECT NO 012-2594 DRAWN 8Y Jenna 5101111,a011 DATE 12/13/12 HUNTER RIDGE LLC. ADJACENT USES MAP GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO 10\ OLSSON A 550 C I AT S N Feet 0 100 200 400 826 21-1/2 ROAD GRAND JUNCTION, CO 81505 TEL 970.263/800 FAX 970.263/456 FIGURE AU - 1 Rio Blanco County Garfield County J25 CDP Location RIFLE-RULISON RD 6 . / UNDERWOOD LN Parachute Floodplain data provided by Garfield County GIS Department Legend 0 J25 CDP Location FloodPlain — HIGHWAYS Floodway — Local Roads t.........] County Boundary 0 1.5 3 6 Miles s PROJECT NO'. 912-2594 DRAWN 8Y' Jenna MuM1lbacb DATE'. 12/13/12 HUNTER RIDGE LLC. FLOODPLAIN MAP GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO OLSSON® ASSOCIATES 826 21-1/2 ROAD GRAND JUNCTION, CO 81505 TEL 970.263.7800 FAX 970.263.7456 FIGURE F-1 I Geologic data obtained from USGS .� -- s. i.. Legend J25 CDP Location Local Roads Geology Type Tu - Uinta Formation Feet 0 125 250 500 N PROJECT NO'. 012-2594 DRAWN 8V' Jenna MUMbacM1 DATE'. 12/13/12 HUNTER RIDGE LLC. GEOLOGY MAP GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO OLSSON ASSOCIATES 826 21-1/2 ROAD GRAND JUNCTION, CO 81505 TEL 970.263.7800 FAX 970.263.7456 FIGURE G-1 8505C-24 L24496-y8507D-23`L24496 /..6- 8502E=23 L24496 8505D-24 L24496 i a / /l 8510A (-25 F25 WDW6C F22 8515A-24 F25496 85138-24F25496- J25 CDP Location 1 8515C-25 D36496 r 85041A-36 D36496�ri 8515A-25 D36496 85 25 D36496- ` 8502D-36 B36496-WDW2B B36 496 8508B-36 B364968507D-36 B36496 Legend J25 CDP Location O Wells Q1 -mile radial circle Local Roads Feet 0 400 800 1,600 N PROJECT NO: DRAWN BY: Jenne Muhlbach DATE: 12/13112 HUNTER RIDGE LLC. GROUNDWATER WELLS MAP GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO 04 01_SSON ,R) ASSOCIATES 826 21-1/2 ROAD GRAND JUNCTION, CO 81505 TEL 970.263.7800 FAX 970.263.7456 FIGURE GWW - 1 Legend III Soil Types J25 CDP Location I 36 - Ingul channery loam, 9-50% slopes Local Roads I� 38 - IrigualSterman channery learns, 5-50% slopes 1 48 - Northwater loam, 15-65% slopes I 152 - Parachute loam. 25 65% slopes - 53 - Parachute -Rhone foams, 50-30% slopes 1 J 61 - Rhone loam, 30-70 / slopes - 63 -Silas loam, 3-12% s opes Feet 0 175 350 700 N PROJECT NO: 012-2590 DRAWN 5Y JennaMUMbavn DATE' 12/13/12 HUNTER RIDGE LLC. SOILS MAP GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO Ot*' OLSSON AS5OC EATE5 826 21-1/2 ROAD GRAND JUNCTION, CO 81505 TEL 970.263.7800 FAX 970.263.7456 FIGURE S-1 Legend L_ J25 CDP Location Stream Type - Local Roads .•r Intermittent =County Boundary .fN.. Perennial * Surface Water Feet 0 500 1,000 2,000 N s PROJECT NO: 012-2594 DRAWN BY: Jenne Muhlbach DATE: 12/13112 HUNTER RIDGE LLC. SURFACE WATER MAP GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO Oak OLSSON ASSOCIATES 826 21-1/2 ROAD GRAND JUNCTION, CO 81505 TEL 970.263.7800 FAX 970.263.7456 FIGURE SW - 1 Legend 3 J25 CDP Location Greater Sage Grouse — Local Roads tiki Elk Winter Concentration [_=1 County Boundary Elk Production Area Feet 0 750 1,500 3,000 N s PROJECT NO. 012-2594 DRAWN BY: Jenne Muhlba. DATE: 12/13/12 HUNTER RIDGE LLC. SENSITIVE WILDLIFE HABITAT MAP GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO OkOLSSON ASSOCIATES 826 21-1/2 ROAD GRAND JUNCTION, CO 81505 TEL 970.263.7800 FAX 970.263.7456 FIGURE SWH - 1