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HomeMy WebLinkAbout1.12 IVNWMPIVNWMP ■ HUNTER RIDGE ENERGY SERVICES LLC Encana Oil and Gas (USA), Inc. 003 Compressor 12 -inch Waterline Integrated Vegetation and Noxious Weed Management Plan Garfield County, Colorado Cover photo: View to the southwest along the proposed alignment in an existing right of way Prepared for: Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. Prepared by: WestWater Engineering 2516 Foresight Circle #1 Grand Junction, CO 81505 November 2011 Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. 003 Compressor 12 inch Waterline Integrated Vegetation & Noxious Weed Management Plan 1.0 INTRODUCTION Encana Oil and Gas (USA), Inc. (Encana) requested WestWater Engineering (WWE) biologists to prepare an integrated vegetation and noxious weed management plan for the proposed 003 compressor 12 inch waterline project on Encana's North Parachute Ranch (NPR). The proposed pipeline would be located in Garfield County, Colorado, in Section 3, Township 5 South, Range 96 West (Figure 1). The pipeline would be located approximately 13.5 miles north of the town of Parachute, Colorado. The alignment would generally parallel an existing access road to the compressor site for approximately 2,000 feet. Lands affected by the project are private property held by Encana. 1.2 General Survey Information Mapped soil types, as published by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), were reviewed to determine the soil types and expected natural vegetation characteristics at the project site (NRCS 2011). A field inspection of the project area was conducted by WWE biologists on October 31, 2011, which is after the active growing and flowering season for many plants, including most noxious weeds. WWE biologists surveyed the area to identify vegetation communities and to search for, identify, and map noxious weed species. Vegetation types were determined through field identification of plants, aerial photography, and on -the -ground assessments. Identification of plant species was aided by using pertinent published field guides (Whitson et al. 2001, CWMA 2007, Kershaw et al. 1998, Weber and Wittmann 2001). Photographs were taken of the general project location, vegetation, terrain, and specific weed findings. Locations of weeds and other features included in this report were recorded with the aid of a handheld global positioning system (GPS) receiver using NAD83 map datum, with all coordinate locations based on the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate system in UTM Zone 12. 2.0 LANDSCAPE SETTING 2.1 Vegetation and climate The native vegetation in the area is a mountain shrub community which consists primarily of serviceberry (Amelanchier alnifolia), big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), oakbrush (Quercus gambelii), bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata), snowberry (Symophoricarpos spp.), and rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnos vicidiflorus), with a good understory of grasses including Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), arrow -leaved balsamroot (Balsamorhiza sagittata) and other wheatgrass and forb species. The proposed pipeline will be built in an existing disturbance from a previous pipeline project. Species observed in the reclaimed right-of-way (ROW) include Indian rice grass (Oryzopsis hymenoides), milkvetch (Astragalus sp.), yarrow (Achillea millefolium), glandular phacelia (Phacelia glandulosa) and other wheatgrass and forb species. WestWater Engineering Page 1 of 12 November 2011 Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. 003 Compressor 12 inch Waterline Integrated Vegetation & Noxious Weed Management Plan The area provides wildlife habitat for a wide variety of species. A list of common plant species found in the project area is included in Table 1. Table 1. Common plant species observed and known to occur in the project area. Common Name Scientific Name Arrow -leaved balsamroot Balsamorhiza sagittate Big sagebrush Artemisia tridentata Blue grass Poa spp. Bottlebrush Squirreltail Elymus elymoides Common sunflower Helianthus annuus Crested wheatgrass Agopyron cristatum Cushion phlox Phlox hoodii Glandular phacelia Phacelia glandulosa Indian ricegrass Oryzopsis hymenoides Junegrass Koeleria macrantha Lupine Lupinus sp. Milkvetch Astragalus sp. Mountain mahogany Cercocarpus montanus Needle -and -thread Hesperostipa comata Oakbrush Quercus gambelii Onion Allium sp. Penstemon Penstemon sp. Peppergrass Lepidium montanum Prickly -pear cactus Opuntia spp. Rabbitbrush Chrysothamnusspp. Salsify Tragopogon sp. Scarlet globemallow Sphaeralcea coccinea Serviceberry Amelanchier alnifolia Slender Wheatgrass Agropyron pauciflorum Smooth brome Bromus inermis Snakeweed Gutierrezia sarothrae Snowberry Symophoricarpos spp Tansy aster Machaeranthera spp. Yarrow Achillea millefolium The climate on the NPR is considered semiarid with a wide range of temperatures and precipitation. According to data collected by the Altenbern weather station (050214), the average annual precipitation in the region averages 16.56 inches, and average daily temperatures range from a high of about 86°F in the summer months to a low of about 13°F during the winter months (WRCC 2011). The average annual precipitation at the upper elevations of the NPR should equal or slightly exceed that observed at the Altenbern ranch. WestWater Engineering Page 2 of 12 November 2011 Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. 003 Compressor 12 inch Waterline Integrated Vegetation & Noxious Weed Management Plan 2.2 Soils The proposed pipeline will be built through two soil types (NRCS 2011) as follows: • Rhone loam is found at all but the very north end of the proposed pipeline; this soil is characterized as deep and well -drained, is found on upland ridges and mountainsides, formed in material derived from fine-grained hard sandstone, with slopes from five to 75 percent. The native vegetation is comprised of needlegrass and wheatgrasses, big sagebrush and various forb species. Areas with this soil type are used for grazing and wildlife habitat. • Parachute -Rhone loam is found at the north end of the proposed alignment. It is moderately deep, well drained soil formed in material derived from sandstone or basalt. It is found on upland ridges or mountainsides with slopes from three to 75 percent. Primary uses on this soil type are grazing and wildlife habitat; vegetation is typically bluegrass and wheatgrasses, big sagebrush, elk sedge, serviceberry and various forb species. 2.3 Terrain The proposed alignment extends from the compressor pad up a ridge to intersect with an existing pipeline. It would be built in an existing ROW. The elevation ranges from approximately 8,160 feet to approximately 8,320 feet. 3.0 NOXIOUS WEEDS 3.1 Introduction to Noxious Weeds Noxious weeds are plants that are aggressive competitors with native plants when non-native to an area. Most have come from Europe or Asia, either accidentally or as ornamentals that have escaped. Once established in a new environment, they tend to spread quickly because the insects, diseases, and animals that normally control them are absent. Noxious weeds are spread by man, animals, water, and wind. Prime locations for the establishment of noxious weeds include roadsides, construction sites, areas that are overused by animals or humans, wetlands, and riparian corridors. Subsequent to soil disturbances, vegetation communities can be susceptible to infestations of invasive or exotic weed species. Vegetation removal and soil disturbance during construction can create optimal conditions for the establishment of invasive, non-native species. Construction equipment traveling from weed -infested areas into weed -free areas could disperse noxious or invasive weed seeds and propagates, resulting in the establishment of these weeds in previously weed -free areas. The Colorado Noxious Weed Act (State of Colorado 2005) requires local governing bodies to develop noxious weed management plans. Both the State of Colorado and Garfield County maintain a list of plants that are considered to be noxious weeds. The State of Colorado noxious weed list includes three categories. List A species must be eradicated whenever detected. List B species include weeds whose spread should be halted. List C species are widespread, but the State will assist local jurisdictions which choose to manage those weeds. WestWater Engineering Page 3 of 12 November 2011 Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. 003 Compressor 12 inch Waterline Integrated Vegetation & Noxious Weed Management Plan The Garfield County Weed Advisory Board has compiled a list of 21 plants from the State list considered to be noxious weeds within the county (see Appendix A). The Garfield County Weed Advisory Board has duties to: 1. Develop a noxious weed list, 2. Develop a weed management plan for designated noxious weeds, and 3. Recommend to the Board of County Commissioners that identified landowners submit an integrated weed management plan for their properties. 3.2 Observations The weed survey included an area approximately 100 feet wide on either side of the proposed alignment center -line (Figure 1). State -listed noxious weeds observed on the site included bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare – State B list), common mullein (Verbascum thapsus—State C List), downy brome (cheatgrass; Bromus tectorum—State C List), field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis—State C List), houndstongue (Cynoglossum officinale—State B List and Garfield County), and musk thistle (Carduus nutans—State B List and Garfield County). Downy brome is scattered throughout the project area. A small amount of field bindweed is found along the access road. Bull thistle and common mullein were encountered in many locations along the access road and on the existing pipeline ROW. In most cases, weed locations were recorded as points, but in two cases, the common mullein was so extensive that the distribution of plants is shown as a continuous strip in Figure 1. Houndstongue and musk thistle were found on the west side of the access road. Detailed locations for each weed observation are provided in Appendix B. It was apparent that several areas in the existing ROW had been sprayed to control noxious weeds, especially common mullein and bull thistle. The plants sprayed apparently died before producing seed; however, there are an abundance of live plants, especially first-year rosettes of common mullein and bull thistle that will develop into seed -producing plants in 2012. In areas where soil disturbances have created growing conditions which favor non-native vegetation, several nuisance weed species are present. These plants can negate revegetation efforts and cause losses due to decreased seeding success and associated costs. The presence of these plants creates increased competition for resources and can negatively affect desirable plant species. Plants in this category observed in the project area include Russian thistle (Salsola spp), lambsquarter (Chenopodium berlandieri) and tumble mustard (Thelypodiopsis spp.). These nuisance weeds occur on disturbed soils, such as those found along the access road or in the existing pipeline ROW. 3.3 Integrated Weed Management Control of invasive species is a difficult task and requires intensive on-going control measures. Care must be taken to prevent damage to desirable plant species during treatments to prevent further infestations by other pioneer invaders. Weed management is best achieved through a variety of methods over a long period of time including inventory (surveys), direct treatments, prevention through best management practices, monitoring of treatment efficacy, and subsequent detection efforts. Weed management is often reserved to "control" of existing species and WestWater Engineering Page 4 of 12 November 2011 Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. 003 Compressor 12 inch Waterline Integrated Vegetation & Noxious Weed Management Plan prevention of further infestations (existing and new species) rather than eradication. After successful and effective management, decreases in infestation size and density can be expected, and after several years of successful management practices, eradication is sometimes possible. 3.4 Prevention and Assessment of Noxious Weed Infestations Weed management is costly and heavy infestations may exceed the economic threshold for practical treatment. Prevention is especially valuable in the case of noxious weed management. Several simple practices should be employed to prevent most weed infestations. The following practices should be adopted for any activity to reduce the costs of noxious weed control through prevention. The practices include: • Prior to delivery to the site, equipment should be thoroughly cleaned of soils remaining from previous construction sites which may be contaminated with noxious weeds. • If working in sites with weed -seed contaminated soil, equipment should be cleaned of potentially seed -bearing soils and vegetative debris at the infested area prior to moving to uncontaminated terrain. • All maintenance vehicles should be regularly cleaned of soil. • Avoid driving vehicles through areas where weed infestations exist. Assessment of the existence and extent of noxious weeds for an area is essential for the development of an integrated weed management plan. This report provides an initial assessment of the occurrence of noxious weeds for the project area. In order to continue effective management of noxious weeds, further inventory and analysis is necessary to 1) determine the effectiveness of the past treatment strategies; 2) modify the treatment plan, if necessary; and 3) detect new infestations early, which would result in more economical treatments. 3.5 Treatment and Control of Noxious Weed Infestations Recommended control methods for listed noxious weed species found in the project area are described in Table 2. Table 2 also includes the life cycle type for each weed species. Table 2. Control methods for noxious weeds observed in project area Common Name USDA Symbol Type Control Methods Bull thistle CIVU Biennial Severing the tap root at least 2 inches below the soil line before flowering is very effective. Herbicides can be used in the rosette to early bolting stage. Flowering plants should be chopped and bagged to prevent spread of seeds. Common mullein VETH Biennial Re -seed with aggressive grasses; mechanical removal of rosettes; herbicides. Downy brome (Cheatgrass) BRTE Annual Journey provides pre- and post -emergence control and may be used prior to planting desirable species at rates up to 32 ounces per acre per year. It should be applied in late summer or fall before cheatgrass emerges; it cannot be used after newly seeded desirable species have begun to emerge. WestWater Engineering Page 5 of 12 November 2011 Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. 003 Compressor 12 inch Waterline Integrated Vegetation & Noxious Weed Management Plan Table 2. Control methods for noxious weeds observed in project area Common Name USDA Symbol Type Control Methods Field Bindweed COAR4 Creeping Perennial This weed reproduces by seed and horizontal roots and is very difficult to eradicate. Seeds can stay viable in the soil for up to 40 years. Some success in control is reported in Mesa County with the use of bindweed mites (Aceria malherbae). Houndstongue CYOF Biennial Early Spring tillage before weed emergence in the existing corridor to a dept i of 2 to 4 inches. Herbicide application in Spring while plants are small and it the late fall, bagging the seed heads. Musk thistle CANU4 Biennial Tillage or hand grubbing in the rosette to pre -flowering stages. Repeated mowing at bolting or early flowering. Herbicides in rosette stage. 3.6 Recommended Treatment Strategies The following treatment strategies are presented for reference. It is important to know whether the target is an annual, biennial, or perennial to select strategies that effectively control and eliminate the target. Treatment strategies vary depending on plant type, which are summarized in Tables 3 and 4. Herbicides should not always be the first treatment of choice when other methods can be effectively employed. Table 3. Treatment Strategies for Annual and Biennial Noxious Weeds Target: Prevent Seed Production 1. Hand grub (pull), hoe, till, cultivate in rosette stage and before flowering or seed maturity. If seeds develop, cut and bag seed heads. 2. Cut roots with a spade just below soil level. 3. Treat with herbicide in rosette or bolting stage, before flowering. 4. Mow biennials after bolting stage, before seed set. Mowing annuals will not prevent flowering, but can reduce total seed production. (Sirota 2004) Table 4. Treatment Strategies for Perennials Target: Deplete nutrient reserves in root system, prevent seed production 1. Allow plants to expend as much energy from root system as possible, do not treat when first emerging in spring, but allow growth to bud/bloom stage. If seeds develop, cut and bag if possible. 2. Herbicide treatment at bud to bloom stage or in the fall (recommended after August 15 when natural precipitation is present). In the fall, plants draw nutrients into the roots for winter storage. Herbicides will be drawn down to the roots more efficiently at this time due to translocation of nutrients to roots rather than leaves. If the weed patch has been present for a long period of time, another season of seed production is not as important as getting the herbicide into the root system. Spraying in fall (after middle August) will kill the following year's shoots, which are being formed on the roots at this time. WestWater Engineering Page 6 of 12 November 2011 Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. 003 Compressor 12 inch Waterline Integrated Vegetation & Noxious Weed Management Plan Table 4. Treatment Strategies for Perennials Target: Deplete nutrient reserves in root system, prevent seed production 3. Mowing usually is not recommended because the plants will flower anyway; seed production should be reduced. Many studies have shown that mowing perennials and spraying the re -growth is not as effective as spraying without mowing. Effect of mowing is species dependent; therefore, it is imperative to know the species and its basic biology. Timing of application must be done when biologically appropriate, which is not necessarily convenient. 4. Tillage may or may not be effective. Most perennial roots can sprout from pieces only 0.5 inch to 1 inch long. Clean machinery thoroughly before leaving the weed patch. 5. Hand pulling is generally not recommended for perennial species unless you know the plants are seedlings and not established plants. Hand pulling can be effective on small patches but is very labor intensive because it must be done repeatedly. (Sirota 2004) Some weeds, particularly annuals and biennials, can develop resistance to herbicides. The ability to quickly develop immunity to herbicides, especially when they are used incorrectly, makes it imperative to use the proper chemicals at the correct time in the specified concentration according to the product label. Most misuse is centered on excessive application, either in frequency or concentration. This results in mostly top kill and resistant phenotypes. 3.7 Best Management Practices — Noxious Weeds Construction: The following practices should be adopted for any construction project to reduce the costs of noxious weed control and aid in prevention efforts. The practices include: • Top soil, where present, should be segregated from deeper soils and replaced as top soil on the final grade, a process known as live topsoil handling; • Wetland vegetation, if encountered, should be live handled like sod, temporarily watered if necessary, and placed over excavated sub -soil relative to the position from which the wetland sod was removed; • Cut-off collars should be placed on all wetland and stream crossings to prevent back washing or draining of important aquatic resources; • In all cases, temporary disturbance should be kept to an absolute minimum; • Equipment and materials handling should be done on established sites to reduce area and extent of soil compaction; • Disturbances should be immediately reseeded with the recommended mix in the re - vegetation section; • Topsoil stockpiles should be seeded with non-invasive sterile hybrid grasses, if stored longer than one growing season; • Prior to delivery to the site, equipment should be cleaned of soils remaining from previous construction sites which may be contaminated with noxious weeds; and WestWater Engineering Page 7 of 12 November 2011 Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. 003 Compressor 12 inch Waterline Integrated Vegetation & Noxious Weed Management Plan • If working in sites with weed -seed contaminated soil, equipment should be cleaned of potentially seed -bearing soils and vegetative debris prior to moving to uncontaminated terrain. In areas with slope greater than three percent, imprinting of the seed bed is recommended. Imprinting can be in the form of dozer tracks or furrows perpendicular to the direction of slope. When utilizing hydro -seeding followed by mulching, imprinting should be done prior to seeding unless the mulch is to be crimped into the soil surface. If broadcast seeding and harrowing, imprinting should be done as part of the harrowing. Furrowing can be done by several methods, the most simple of which is to drill seed perpendicular to the direction of slope in a prepared bed. Other simple imprinting methods include deep hand raking and harrowing, always perpendicular to the direction of slope. Herbicides: Many of the listed noxious weed species in Colorado are susceptible to commercially available herbicides. Annual and biennial weeds are best controlled at the pre -bud stage after germination or in the spring of the second year. Selective herbicides are recommended to minimize damage to desirable grass species. Professionals or landowners using herbicides must use the concentration specified on the label of the container in hand. Herbicides generally do not work better at higher concentrations. Most herbicide failures observed by WWE are related to incomplete control caused by high concentrations killing top growth before the active ingredient can be transported to the roots through the nutrient translocation process. Most herbicide applications should use a surfactant, if directed on the herbicide label, or other adjuvant as called for on the herbicide label. Grazing: In the event grazing is allowed in the project area, it should be deferred in reclaimed areas until the desired plant species that have been seeded are established. Alternative Methods: An alternative method, particularly where there is poor or destroyed topsoil, is the application of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, typically referred to as AMF. These fungi, mostly of the genus Glomus, are symbiotic with about 80 percent of all vegetation. Endo-mycorrhizal fungi are associated mostly with grasses and forbs and could be helpful when reclaiming this project. In symbiosis, the fungi increase water and nutrient transfer capacity of the host root system by as much as several orders of magnitude (Barrow and McCaslin 1995). Over-the-counter commercial products, which are better adapted to coating seeds when re- seeding and treating roots of live seedling trees and shrubs at time of planting, come in powder form and are available from many different sources. Some also come in granular form to be spread with seed from a broadcast spreader. The best AMF products should contain more than one fungi species. All Colorado State Forest Salida District tree and shrub plantings include the application of AMF (Tischler 2006). Most, if not all, Colorado Department of Transportation re-vegetation/reseeding projects now require use of AMF and BioSol, a certified by-product of the penicillin manufacturing process composed primarily of mycelium. Compacted soils respond well to fossilized humic substances and by-products called humates. These humates, including humic WestWater Engineering Page 8 of 12 November 2011 Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. 003 Compressor 12 inch Waterline Integrated Vegetation & Noxious Weed Management Plan and fulvic acids and humin were formed from pre -historic plant and animal deposits and work especially well on compacted soils when applied as directed. 3.8 Commercial Applicator Recommendations A certified commercial applicator is a good choice for herbicide control efforts. Restricted herbicides require a Colorado licensed applicator. An applicator has the full range of knowledge, skills, equipment, and experience desired when dealing with tough noxious weeds. Reclamation farming services using multiple seed bin range drills and specialized related equipment is available and should be used for reclamation seeding projects. Monitoring: Areas where noxious weed infestations are identified and treated should be inspected over time to ensure that control methods are working to reduce and suppress the identified infestation. The sites should be monitored until the infestations are eliminated or reduced to acceptable levels. These inspections can then be used to prioritize future weed control efforts. 4.0 REVEGETATION — RECLAMATION Site-specific reclamation plans should be developed with a qualified reclamation contractor. Successful reclamation of the project area is dependent upon soil type and texture, slope gradient and aspect, proper weed control, available water, and revegetation with suitable plant species. Table 5 provides the recommended seed mix for Pinyon -Juniper Woodland and/or Mountain/Wyoming Big Sagebrush Shrubland for the proposed area (BLM 2007). Table 5. Seed Menu for Pinyon -Juniper Woodland and/or Mountain/Wyoming Big Sagebrush Shrubland CommonName Scientific Names •Season Form LS lbs/acre* Plant the Following (10% Total) Indian Ricegrass Achnatherum [Oryzopsis] hymenoides Nezpar, Paloma, Rimrock Cool Bunch 1.9 and Both of the Following (15% Each, 30% Total) Galleta Pleuraphis [Hilaria] jamesii Viva florets Warm Bunch 2.5 Bluebunch Wheatgrass Pseudoroegneria spicata, Agropyron spicatum Secar, P-7, Anatone Cool Bunch 2.8 and One of the Following (20% Total) Thickspike Wheatgrass Elymus lanceolatus ssp. lanceolatus, Agropyron dasystachyum Critana, Schwendimar Cool Sod- forming 3.4 Slender Wheatgrass Elymus trachycaulus, Agropyron trachycaulum San Luis Cool Bunch 3.3 Western Wheatgrass Agropyron smithii Arriba Cool Sod- forming 3.0 and Two of the Following (40% Total) Muttongrass Poa fendleriana Cool Bunch 0.6 WestWater Engineering Page 9 of 12 November 2011 Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. 003 Compressor 12 inch Waterline Integrated Vegetation & Noxious Weed Management Plan Table 5. Seed Menu for Pinyon -Juniper Woodland and/or Mountain/Wyoming Big Sagebrush Shrubland CNameommon Scientific Names Variety Season Form LS lb nacre* Sandberg Bluegrass Poa sandbergii, Poa secunda Cool Bunch 0.6 Bottlebrush Squirreltail Elymus elymoides, Sitanion hystrix Cool Bunch 2.7 *Based on 60 pure live seeds (PLS) per square foot, drill -seeded. Double this rate (120 PLS per square foot) if broadcast or hydroseeded. 5.0 REFERENCES Barrow, J. R., and Bobby D. McCaslin. 1995. Role of microbes in resource management in arid ecosystems. In: Barrow, J. R., E. D. McArthur, R. E. Sosebee, and Tausch, R. J., comps. 1996. Proceedings: shrubland ecosystem dynamics in a changing environment. General Technical Report, INT -GTR -338, Ogden, Utah: U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Forest Service, Intermountain Resource Station, 275 pp. BLM. 2007. Glenwood Springs Energy Office: Revisions to BLM Energy Office Revegetation Requirements. 3160 (C0140). U.S. Bureau of Land Management, Glenwood Springs, Colorado. CWMA. 2007. S. Anthony, T. D'Amato, A. Doran, S. Elzinga, J. Powell, I. Schonle, K. Uhing. Noxious Weeds of Colorado, Ninth Edition. Colorado Weed Management Association, Centennial. Kershaw, L., A. MacKinnon, and J. Pojar. 1998. Plants of the Rocky Mountains. Lone Pine Publishing, Auburn, Washington. NRCS. 2011. Web Soil Survey, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resource Conservation Service, URL: http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov Sirota, J. 2004. Best management practices for noxious weeds of Mesa County. Colorado State University Cooperative Extension Tri River Area, Grand Junction, Colorado. Website— http://www. coopext. colostate. edu/TRA/Weeds/weedmgmt.html. State of Colorado. 2005. Rules pertaining to the administration and enforcement of the Colorado Noxious Weed Act, 35-5-1-119, C.R.S. 2003. Colorado Department of Agriculture, Plant Industry Division, Denver, 78 pp. Tischler, Crystal. 2006. District Forester, Colorado State Forest Service, Salida. Personal communication with Bill Clark, WestWater Engineering, Grand Junction, Colorado. Weber, William A., and Ronald C. Wittmann. 2001. Colorado Flora, Western Slope. Third Edition, University Press of Colorado, Boulder. WestWater Engineering Page 10 of 12 November 2011 Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. 003 Compressor 12 inch Waterline Integrated Vegetation & Noxious Weed Management Plan Whitson, T. D. (editor), L. C. Burrill, S. A. Dewey, D. W. Cudney, B. E. Nelson, R. D. Lee, and R. Parker. 2001. Weeds of the West — 9th edition. Western Society of Weed Science in cooperation with Cooperative Extension Services, University of Wyoming, Laramie. WRCC. 2011. Western Regional Climate Center Western U.S. Climate Historical Summaries. Website—http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/climsum.html. WestWater Engineering Page 11 of 12 November 2011 RIO BLANCO COUNTY En na Oil & Gas (USA) Integrated Vegetation nc. 003 Compressor 12 inch Waterline Noxious Weed-Matragement Plan �w 3 . Project Location 1 Legend • : Musk thistle • Bull thistle • Houndstongue Common mullein —0=0 Pipeline 7 Common mullein Figure 1 EnCana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. 003 Waterline nWestWater Engineering s Consuiting Engineers & Scientists 250 500 Feet N emb r 2011 November 201 1 Map Source' Z'1En Can a. Gel $ Gas USA, Incv003 WaterlinelGIS.Fig ore 1 rev d November 2011 rbb Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. 003 Compressor 12 inch Waterline Integrated Vegetation & Noxious Weed Management Plan APPENDIX A Garfield County Noxious Weed List Species Common name Species Code Growth Form' Life History' State "A" List State "B" List State "C" List Acroptilon repens Russian knapweed ACRE F P X Aegilops cylindrica Jointed goatgrass AECY G A X Arctium minus Common (Lesser) burdock ARMI2 F B X Cardaria draba Hoary cress, Whitetop CADR F P X Carduus acanthoides Spiny plumeless thistle CAAC F B, WA X Carduus nutans Musk (Nodding plumeless) thistle CANU4 F B X Centaurea diffusa Diffuse knapweed CEDI3 F P X Centaurea maculosa Spotted knapweed CEMA4 F P X Centaurea solstitialis Yellow starthistle CESO3 F A X Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Oxeye daisy CHLE80 F P X Cichorium intybus Chicory CIIN F P X Cirsium arvense Canada thistle CIAR4 F P X Cynoglossum officinale Houndstongue, Gypsyflower CYOF F B X Elaeagnus angustifolia Russian olive ELAN T P X Euphorbia esula Leafy spurge EUES F P X Linaria dalmatica Dalmatian toadflax, broad-leaved LIDA F P X Linaria vulgaris Yellow toadflax LIVU2 F P X Lythrum salicaria Purple loosestrife LYSA2 F P X Onopordum acanthium Scotch thistle ONAC F B X Tamarix parviflora Smallflower tamarisk TAPA4 T P X Tamarix ramosissima Salt cedar, Tamarisk TARA T P X 1 — Growth form: T = tree/shrub; F = forb/vine; G = graminoid 2 — Life history: A = annual; B = biennial; P = perennial; WA = winter annual WestWater Engineering Appendix A November 2011 Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. 003 Compressor 12 inch Waterline Integrated Vegetation & Noxious Weed Management Plan APPENDIX B Weed Locations Species Easting Northing Comment Musk thistle 744335 4391551 clump of plants gone to seed Musk thistle 744639 4392057 Plant has gone to seed Bull thistle 744459 4391699 1 seeded plant Bull thistle 744566 4391868 1 seeded plant Bull thistle 744543 4391896 5 plants two of which are rosettes Bull thistle 744593 4391898 1 rosette Bull thistle 744616 4391920 2 rosettes in a 3 meter radius Bull thistle 744618 4391929 4 seeded plants 5 meter radius Bull thistle 744614 4391939 4 rosettes 1 meter radius Bull thistle 744638 4391943 5 rosettes in a 3 meter radius Bull thistle 744628 4391945 plant and rosettes 5 meter radius Bull thistle 744657 4391969 one plant Bull thistle 744646 4391973 mature plant lots of seed Bull thistle 744663 4391984 3 seeded plants 5 meter radius Bull thistle 744622 4391986 3 rosettes Bull thistle 744624 4391992 6 rosettes Bull thistle 744629 4392000 one rosette Bull thistle 744688 4392007 has been sprayed Bull thistle 744661 4392014 rosettes 1 meter radius Bull thistle 744684 4392030 hundreds of rosettes in 10 meter radius at valve station Bull thistle 744647 4392037 2 rosettes Bull thistle 744650 4392046 6 plus rosettes Bull thistle 744660 4392068 2 rosettes Bull thistle 744677 4392083 continues at a low density Houndstongue 744512 4391773 one rosette Houndstongue 744524 4391869 one rosette Common mullein 744338 4391521 1 plant @ NW corner of pad Common mullein 744463 4391694 2 rosettes Common mullein 744472 4391728 3 stalks and rosettes in 15 meter radius WestWater Engineering Appendix B November 2011 Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc. 003 Compressor 12 inch Waterline Integrated Vegetation & Noxious Weed Management Plan APPENDIX B Weed Locations Species £ Easting Northing Comment Common mullein 744487 4391799 5 rosettes and a second year plant gone to seed Common mullein 744489 4391811 12 rosettes in a 1 meter radius Common mullein 744492 4391818 8 plants (rosettes) in a 4 meter radius Common mullein 744504 4391834 5 plus plants in a one meter radius Common mullein 744512 4391845 9 plants in a 2 meter radius Common mullein 744559 4391873 stalks and rosettes 5 m wide by 20 m long Common mullein 744527 4391874 10 plus rosettes in a 2 meter radius Common mullein 744550 4391896 2 rosettes Common mullein 744553 4391902 20 plus plants (rosettes) in silt capture basin west side of access road Common mullein 744581 4391909 plants and rosettes in 10 meter radius Common mullein 744608 4391919 2 rosettes 5 meter radius Common mullein 744574 4391924 2 rosettes Common mullein 744619 4391944 2 rosettes 1 meter radius Common mullein 744644 4391950 3 plants two of which are rosettes Common mullein 744640 4391955 Numerous rosettes 5 meter radius Common mullein 744614 4391972 2 rosettes Common mullein 744618 4391977 7 plus rosettes in a 1 meter radius Common mullein 744622 4391983 one rosette Common mullein 744625 4391992 two rosettes Common mullein 744665 4391994 live stalk Common mullein 744635 4392006 6 rosettes in a 2 meter radius Common mullein 744700 4392018 3 plants gone to seed in a 3 meter radius Common mullein 744688 4392027 stalks and rosettes 20 meter radius at valve station Common mullein 744644 4392035 plants continue at a low density Common mullein 744645 4392051 Plants at low density in 10 meter wide swath Common mullein 744712 4392069 stalks with seeds 1 meter radius Common mullein 744667 4392069 2 rosettes Common mullein 744683 4392088 10 plus rosette in 3 meter radius WestWater Engineering Appendix B November 2011 21221 4S 97W aS 47W To the best of Hunter Ridge's knowledge, all pipelines have been properly permitted as required under applicable regulations. Appropriate agreements are in place for the pipeline locations as depicted on this map. 112AL 452 1,244, 003 Story Booster 11.1 2.3262 00 LOP SS 9645 .2,122.514 Kr 22 11F vie ni: 49 9 9S 9645 0175 O. S.5 n.7 1.05 1.4 HUNTER RIDGE ENERGY SERVICES LLC