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HomeMy WebLinkAbout1.17 Eco and Cultural Resource StudyExhibit P - Ecological and Cultural Resources Survey General Ecological and Cultural Resources Survey 31145 U.S. Highway 6 Garfield County, Colorado 81652 WE Prepared for: Microgrid Energy 1644 Platte Street, 4th Floor Denver, Colorado 80202 TERN EMKO N±ENT AND ECOLOGY, INC. 2217 West Powers Avenue Littleton, Colorado 80120 (303) 730 3452 (phone) (303) 730-3461 (fax) www.westernenvironment.com General Ecological and Cultural Resources Survey 31145 U.S. Highway 6 Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Western Environment and Ecology, Inc. Project Number: 750-004-1)2 September 6`h, 2017 Prepared for: Microgrid Energy 1644 Platte Street, 4`'' Floor Denver, Colorado 80202 Prepared b : Reviewed by: Brendan Calonge Senior Staff Scientist WESTERN E IRONME AND ECOLOGY, INIC• 2217 West Powers Avenue Littleton, Colorado 80120 (303) 730 3452 (phone) (303) 730-3461 (fax) www.westernenvironment.com General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 2.0 STUDY AREA 2 3.0 METHODS 5 4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 7 4.1 Wetlands 7 4.2 Cultural Resources 9 4.3 Species Eliminated from Consideration 10 4.4 Species Included in Survey 10 Bald Eagle 10 Kit Fox 11 Ferruginous Hawk 13 Colorado Hookless Cactus 13 Parachute Beardtongue 14 De Beque Phacelia 14 Ute Ladies' -Tresses Orchid 14 Other Wildlife 15 5.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 16 6.0 LITERATURE CITED 17 FIGURES FIGURE 1 Site Location Map 3 FIGURE 2 Site Map 4 FIGURE 3 Bald Eagle Roost Buffer Map 12 TABLES TABLE 1 Threatened and Endangered Species in the Colorado Piedmont 6 WESTERN ENVIRONMENT &NFD ECOLOGY, INC. General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Page -1- 1.0 INTRODUCTION Western Environment and Ecology, Inc. (Western Environment) was retained by Mr. Jonathan Fitzpatrick, Project Development Manager for Microgrid Energy, to conduct a general survey of ecological resources, including threatened and endangered species, wetlands, and other significant habitats, and a brief cultural resource assessment on approximately 5.4 acres located within a larger 41.85 acre parcel addressed as 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado. Mr. Fitzpatrick indicated that this study was in response to potential development of the site as a community solar garden. The objectives of this study were to (1) establish presence/absence and potential habitat of any federal or state threatened and endangered species on the property, (2) identify any wetlands or other ecologically sensitive areas on and adjacent to the property, locate significant previously identified cultural resources and (3) make practical recommendations based on the results of the study. View of drainage diversion ditch bisecting the property WESTERN ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY, INC. General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Page -2- 2.0 STUDY AREA This General Ecological Resource Survey was conducted for 5.4 acres within Section 5, Township 6 South, Range 92 West, in unincorporated Garfield County, Colorado (Figure 1). The subject site is located approximately 1.3 miles west of the Town of Silt (Figure 2). U.S. Highway 6 and the Denver and Rio Grande Railroad border the property to the south. Single family residences occur to the north, east, and west of the site. Overhead power lines are located along U.S. Highway 6. At the time of this assessment, the project area was vacant and contained no structures. The majority of the subject site was dominated by fescue (Fescuta sp.), with scotch thistle (Onopordum acanthium), and Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia). Barbed wire fencing was present along the northern and southern lot boundaries. During the inspection a large portion of the site was inundated with up to 6 inches of water. A diversion ditch used to convey runoff from a natural local drainage, bisects the property from the north to the south. This ditch enters a culvert on the southern border of the site to convey water under U.S. Highway 6 to the Colorado River. Wetland vegetation was present along the ditch and along the southern border of the property. This vegetation consisted primarily of cattails (Typha sp.), sedges (carex sp.), algae, and ferns. The site occurs at an elevation of approximately 5,475 feet above sea level (USGS Silt 7.5 Minute Quadrangle, 2016). The topography is mostly flat, with a gentle slope towards the Colorado River, approximately 700 feet south. Site soil consists of Arvada Loam on 1 to 3 percent slopes (NRCS). Site geology includes Quaternary age alluvium overlying the Tertiary age Wasatch and Ohio Creek Formations (Tweto, 1979). Review of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Maps (attached) indicated that the site is outside of the 100 year flood zone. WESTERN ENVIRON -ter ENT AND ECOLOGY, INC. C 2ctus Walley 1 NC hNTO, W LN CO RD 229 r'y Subject Property -40 =MAMIE f • 4.. r t ti Rale _ - Valley 8Resen'r3i 7 COLORADO ROVER RC CO RD 18 C USGS Silt Quadrangle, 7.5 Minute Series, 2016 17 T.65 R92W, \Ai 0 Approximate Scale in Miles 1 1 1 0.5 1.0 Wester n en v i r on men t and ecol ogy,inc. 2217 West Powers Avenue Littleton, Colorado 80120 Figure 1 - Location Map 5.4 Acres 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Approximate Wetlands Distributi Project Site Diversion Canals Approximate Scale in feet 0 200 Wester n en v i r on men t and ecol ogy,inc. 2217 West Powers Avenue Littleton, Colorado 80120 Figure 2 - Site Map 5.4 Acres 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Page -5- 3.0 METHODS Species that are federally or state listed as threatened or endangered, including federally proposed and candidate species, occurring or having historically occurred in Garfield County were considered for this study (Table 1). The County classification was determined by following the Colorado Field Office of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's county checklist (USFWS, 2011). The list was narrowed based on habitat requirements of the species relative to existing habitats on the project. Western Environment reviewed data maintained by the National Register of Historic Places, Colorado Historical Society, and the Historic Preservation Database to locate sites with historical, archaeological, or architectural significance on and adjacent to the property. The property was surveyed on August 25°', 2017. Information was collected on topography, ecosystems, and species of flora and fauna found on and adjacent to the property. Photographs were taken, and emphasis was placed on potential habitat of threatened and endangered species, and the presence of wetlands. View of inundated wetlands on property WESTERN ENVIRON kirr ENT AND ECOLOGY, INC. General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Page -6- Table 1. Common name, scientific name, and status of federal and state threatened and endangered species that could occur or historically occurred in Colorado (CDOW, 2011; USFWS, 2011). Common Name Birds Scientific Name Bald eagle Whooping crane Least Tern Mountain plover Piping plover Mexican spotted owl Plains Sharp -Tailed Grouse Western burrowing owl Lesser Prairie Chicken Ferruginous Hawk Yellow -billed Cuckoo Gunnison Sage -Grouse Mammals Black -footed ferret Preble's meadow jumping mouse Canada Lynx Kit Fox Black -tailed prairie dog Gunnison's prairie dog Amphibians Boreal Toad Northern Leopard Frog Plants Ute ladies' -tresses Colorado butterfly plant De Beque phacelia Colorado hookless cactus Parachute beardtongue Insects Pawnee montane skipper Fish B onytail Colorado pikeminnow Greenback cutthroat trout Humpback Chub Razorback sucker Haliaeetus leucocephalus Grus americana tabida Sterna antillarum Charadrius montanus Charadrius melodus Strix occidentalis lucida Tympanuchus phasianellus jamesii Athene cunicularia Tympanuchus pallidicinctus Buteo regalis Coccyzus americanus Centrocerus minimus Mustela nigripes Zapus hudsonius preblei Lynx canadensis Vulpes macrotis Cynomys ludovicianus Cynonmys gunnisoni Bufo boreas boreas Rana pipiens Spiranthes diluvialis Gaura neomexicana coloradensis Phacelia submutica Sclerocactus glaucus Penstemon debilis Hesperia leonardus montana Gila elegans Ptychocheilus lucius Oncorhynchus clarki stomias Gila cypha Xyrauchen texanus Statusl ST FE, SE FE, SE FPT, SC FT, ST FT, ST SE ST ST SC SC FT, SC FE, SE FT, ST FT, SE SE SC FC SE SC FT FT FT FT FT FT FE, SE FE, SE ST FE, SE FE, SE 1Status Codes: FE = Federally Endangered, FT = Federally Threatened, FPT = Federally Proposed as Threatened, FC = Federal Candidate, SE = State Endangered, ST = State Threatened, SC = State Concerned WESTERN ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY, INC. General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Page -7- 4.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Wetlands A local natural drainage, located directly northeast of the site, is collected into several diversion ditches that border the northern edge the property to divert runoff around and through the pasture. These ditches connect to a culvert beneath U.S. Highway 6 and the railroad, eventually discharging to the Colorado River. A photo dated March 15th 1957 (below) shows the diversion ditches directing run off from the drainage around the pasture. March 15th, 1957 image of the property At the time of the inspection, the majority of the site was dominated by fescue (Fescuta sp.). However, wetland vegetation, including sedges (carex sp.) and ferns were present in the ditch bisecting the property. Additionally, cattails (Typha sp.) were observed in the road drainage along the highway at the southern border of the project site. WESTERN ENVIRONMENT ANFD ECOLOGY, INC. General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Page -8- Additionally, during the inspection the property was flooded as a result of damage or lack of maintenance to the diversion ditches connected to the local drainage and from a recent diversion ditch wash-out northeast of the site. Donald Ziegler, current owner of the property, indicated that the unrepaired wash-out had occurred within the past two years. This wash out directed water directly into the subject parcel. Review of Google Earth historical imagery confirmed that between June 3rd, 2014 and June 17th, 2016, a wash-out had occurred adjacent to the northeast of the subject property. June 3rd, 2014 image of site June 17th, 2016 image of site The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) regulates the discharge of dredged or fill materials into Waters of the United States or within the 100 -year flood plain, under the authority of Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. Waters of the United States include ephemeral, intermittent and perennial streams, their surface connected wetlands and adjacent wetlands, certain lakes, ponds, drainage ditches and irrigation ditches that have a nexus to interstate commerce. WESTERN ENVIRONMENT ANFD ECOLOGY, INC. General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Page -9- Western Environment evaluated, to the best of our ability based upon site conditions at the time of the survey, the three components of a jurisdictional wetland as defined in the US Army Corp of Engineers, (ACOE) Wetland Delineation Manual (1987). These components are: 1) Vegetation, 2) Soil and 3) Hydrology. Currently, the flooded portions of the property, resulting from the drainage ditch wash out, do not contain hydrophytic vegetation. However, primary indicators for hydric soil and hydrology suggest that these portions of the property could be considered wetlands due to their direct nexus with Waters of the United States (Figure 2). Additionally, the diversion ditches surrounding the property, which do contain hydrophytic vegetation, should be considered Waters of the U.S. It is the opinion of Western Environment that the local drainage and diversion canals, with a nexus to the Colorado River, are likely jurisdictional "Waters of the United States" and therefore regulated under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. Additionally, the wetlands identified within the site are adjacent to a Waters of the United States and are likely also jurisdictional. Consultation with the Corps is required prior to any impact to or discharge into aquatic resources on the property. 4.2 Cultural Resources Survey Review of the National Register of Historic Places, Colorado Historical Society, and the Historic Preservation Database revealed no evidence of historical significance associated with the site. WESTERN ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY, INC, General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Page -10- 4.3 Wildlife Species Eliminated from Consideration as Occurring on the Project The following threatened and endangered species that have historically been thought to occur in Garfield County were immediately ruled out of serious consideration for this project based on available habitat: Mexican spotted owl, Gunnison sage -grouse, Canada lynx, black footed ferret, western burrowing owl, and yellow -billed cuckcoo. The Mexican spotted owl was eliminated because it requires forests that are not present on the project. The Gunnison sage -grouse requires a variety of habitats such as large expanses of sagebrush with a diversity of grasses and forbs and healthy wetland and riparian ecosystems. It requires sagebrush for cover and fall and winter food. The project site is located outside the historical Gunnison sage -grouse range. The Canada lynx is a rare forest -dwelling species of northern latitudes that feeds primarily on snowshoe hares. No lynx habitat or its prey exist on the subject site. The black -footed ferret was eradicated from Colorado and has not been reintroduced. The western burrowing owl is found primarily in eastern Colorado as a summer resident, with smaller populations in central and western Colorado. Historically, burrowing owls were common wherever there were prairie dog colonies. The subject property occurs outside of the range of prairie dogs and burrowing owls. The Yellow -billed Cuckoo is a Colorado State species of concern which prefers open lowland deciduous woodlands with clearings and shrubby vegetation, especially those near rivers and streams. While the species is migratory and once bred across much of the United States and parts of Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean, due to habitat loss and pesticide use, current nesting populations within the U.S. are limited to disperse segments within California, Arizona and New Mexico. 4.4 Species Included in Survey Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) State Threatened The bald eagle was removed from the Federal Endangered and Threatened Species List on July 9th, 2007. However, Federal legislation, defined by the 1940 Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (16 USC 668-668c), provides similar protection as contained in the Endangered WESTERN ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY, INC. General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Page -11- and Threatened Species Act, specifically to Bald and Golden Eagles. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) published National Bald Eagle Management Guidelines in May of 2007. This document provides activity specific guidelines for disturbances near and adjacent to nest sites. However, the document does recognize that states can have laws or provide recommendations that are "more protective (restrictive)" then the Federal guidelines. Western Environment reviewed data maintained by the Colorado Division of Parks and Wildlife (CPW 2015) and identified active bald eagle nest sites approximately 2.59 and 3.87 miles to the west. Additionally, the western portion of the property is shown to occur within a half mile of a Bald Eagle roost site (Figure 3). No Federal guidelines exist regarding construction near Bald Eagle roost sites. For active winter roost, the CPW recommends no "human encroachment" should occur from November 15th through March 15th within 1/4 mile radius if there is no direct line of sight between the roost and the encroachment activities or within 1/2 mile radius if there is a direct line of sight. Additionally, if periodic visits are required within the buffer zone after development, activity should be restricted to the period between 1000 and 1400 hours between November 15th and March 15th Western Environment recommends that the construction and operation of the site be performed within the State recommended guidelines. Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis) State Endangered Species In Colorado, Kit fox occupy the lower Gunnison and Colorado River drainages in Delta, Montrose, Garfield and Mesa Counties. Kit fox habitat is associated with semi -desert shrub and shrubsteppe. Studies from Fitzgerald (1996) and Beck (1999) speculated that fewer than 100 kit foxes inhabited Colorado, and that the species is close to extirpation from the State. Kit fox populations have been on Colorado's endangered species list since 1998. The Kit fox is not a Federally listed species; however, it is listed as State Endangered. The property occurs outside the historic range of the Kit fox. WESTERN ENVIRON kirr ENT AND ECOLOGY, INC, +. 4. 4.s� 31145 U.S. Highway 6 Parcel 1/4 Mile Buffer 1/2 Mile Buffer Google Earth Project Site Approximate Scale in feet 1 1 1 0 500 Wester n en v i r on men t and ecol ogy,inc. 2217 West Powers Avenue Littleton, Colorado 80120 Figure 3 - Eagle Roost Buffer Map 5.4 Acres 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Page -13- Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo regalis) State Concerned This hawk is known to occur throughout eastern Colorado and in northwestern Colorado. In Colorado, the species is a common winter resident, but is considered an uncommon summer resident on the eastern plains (Andrews and Righter, 1992). Areas that could be potential nesting sites include large trees, rock outcrops, manmade structures such as windmills and power poles, or the ground. These birds often can be seen associated with prairie dog colonies, which they utilize for foraging. This hawk, as are all birds of prey, is federally protected under the Migratory Bird Species Act. At the time of this survey no Ferruginous Hawks were seen. This hawk, as are all birds of prey, is federally protected under the Migratory Bird Species Act which prohibits the "taking" of the animal or destruction of an active nest. Colorado hookless catcus (Sclerocactus glaucus) Federally Threatened The original listing for S. glaucus (44 FR 58858, October 11t'', 1979) included all hookless Sclerocactus populations in western Colorado and northeastern Utah, and referred to them as S. glaucus per Benson (1966). More recent genetic and morphological research have led to separating the species into three distinct species: S. brevispinus, S. glaucus, and S. wetlandicus. The common name for S. glaucus was changed to Colorado hookless cactus as the species is endemic to western Colorado. The Unita Basin hookless cactus (S. wetlandicus) and Pariette cactus (S. brevispinus) are limited to Utah's Unita Basin. Colorado's populations of hookless cactus occur primarily on alluvial benches, generally on gravelly or rocky surfaces. S. glaucus is found in Delta, Montrose, Mesa and Garfield Counties. Populations have been Colorado hookless Cactus, photo acquired from www.fws.gov WESTERN ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY, INC. General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Page -14- documented on alluvial river terraces of the Gunnison River from Delta to southern Mesa County, and on alluvial river terraces of the Colorado River and in the Plateau and Roan Creek drainages in the vicinity of De Beque, Colorado (USFWS 1990). The project site occurs outside the known habitat range of S. glaucus. Parachute Beardtongue (Penstemon debilis) Federally Threatened the Parachute beardtongue is found only in Garfield County, on steep, oil shale outcrop slopes of white shale talus at 8,000 to 9,000 feet elevation on the southern escarpment of the Roan Plateau above the Colorado River and the town of Parachute, Colorado. All of the currently known occurrences occupy about 91.8 acres of critical habitat. The subject property does not contain Parachute beardtongue habitat and is located outside of the critical habitat. De Beque Phacelia (Phacelia submutica) Federally Threatened The Phacelia submutica is a small tap rooted, summer annual. Habitat includes steep slopes and ridge tops of the adobe badlands of western Colorado. De Beque phacelia is found in clay soils derived from the Atwell Gulch and Shire members of the Wasatch Formation in Mesa and Garfield Counties, Colorado with a general range of approximately 82,231 acres (CNHP, 2005). The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service listed Phacelia submutica as threatened on August 26`'', 2011. The site is not located within the documented De Beque phacelia occurrence or critical habitat areas, which occur west of the site (CNHP, 2005). Ute Ladies' -Tresses Orchid (Spiranthes diluvialis) Federally Threatened This orchid usually occurs in "...old stream channels, alluvial terraces, wet meadows, and other sites where the soil is saturated to within 18" of the surface at least temporarily during the growing seasons" (USFWS, 1992). The eastern Colorado populations of species are located near WESTERN ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY, INC. General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Page -15- Boulder Creek, South Boulder Creek, and Saint Vrain Creek in Boulder County, Colorado, and along Clear Creek in Jefferson County, Colorado (USFWS 50 CFR Part 17). Populations have also been documented in western Colorado within Browns Park and Lodore Canyon of Moffatt County. No perennial waters occur on the property, nor is Spiranthes designated Critical Habitat. It is the opinion of Western Environment that Spiranthes does not inhabit the project. Other Wildlife Ute Ladies' -Tresses Orchid No other wildlife was observed on the property during the site visit. WESTERN ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY, INC. General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Page -16- 5.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS site. At the time of the survey, no threatened or endangered species were seen on the subject It is the opinion of Western Environment that the local drainage, and diversion canals that border and bisect the project, are likely jurisdictional "Waters of the United States" and therefore regulated under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. Additionally, the wetlands identified within the site, formed as the result of the unrepaired wash-out adjacent to the northeast of the property, are adjacent to Waters and are likely also jurisdictional. Consultation with the Corps is required prior to any impact to or discharge into jurisdictional Waters on the property. The western portion of the project site is shown to occur within 0.50 miles of a Bald Eagle roost site (CDPW 2015). Western Environment recommends that the construction and operation of the site be performed within the State recommended guidelines. No other Ecological or Cultural Issues were found. WESTERN ENVIRONMENT &NFD ECOLOGY, INC. General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Page -17- 6.0 LITERATURE CITED Andrews, R. and R. Righter. 1992. Colorado birds: a reference to their distribution and habitat. Denver Museum of Natural History. Denver. 442 pp. Armstrong, D.M., M.E. Bakeman, A. Deans, C.A. Meaney, and T.R. Ryon. 1997. Conclusions and recommendations in: Report on habitat findings on the Preble's meadow jumping mouse. Edited by M. E. Bakeman. Report to USFWS and Colorado Division of Wildlife. Beck, T. D. I. 1999. Kit fox (Vulpes macrotis) status in Colorado. In Wildlife Research Report, Project No. W -153-R-12, Work Package 0663, Task 1: Colorado Division of Wildlife. Bechard, M.J., Knight, D.G., Smith, and R.E. Fitzner. 1990. Nest sites and habitats of sypatric hawks (Buteo spp.) Washington Journal of Field Ornithology 61:159-170. Benson, L. 1966. A revision of Sclerocactus—I-II. Cactus and Succulent Journal 38: 50-57. Colorado Division of Wildlife. 1999. Endangered, Threatened, and Special Concern Wildlife Colorado Division of Wildlife. November 2003. Conservation Plan for Grassland Species in Colorado. Colorado Grassland Species Working Group. November 2003. Denver, Co. Colorado Division of Wildlife. 2015. Natural Diversity Information Source Maps. Last Updated September, 2015. Colorado Native Plant Society. 1997. Rare plants of Colorado, 2nd edition. Falcon Press® Publishing Co., Inc. and Rocky Mountain Nature Association in cooperation with Colorado Native Plant Society. Helena, Montana and Estes Park, Colorado. 105 pp. Colorado Natural Heritage Program. January 2005. Pawnee Montane Skipper Post -fire Habitat Assessment Survey, September 2004. Colorado Natural Heritage Program, and Colorado State University. December 2005. Modeling the Potential Distribution of Phacelia scorpulina var. submutica (Debeque phacelia) and Astragalus debequaeus (Debeque milkvetch) in Western Colorado. Fitzgerald, J. P. 1996. Status and distribution of the kit fox (Vulpes macrotis) in western Colorado. Final Report. Colorado Division of Wildlife Project No. W -153-R-7. Fitzgerald, J.P., C.A. Meaney, and D.M. Armstrong. 1994. Mammals of Colorado. Denver Museum of Natural History and University Press of Colorado. Niwot, Colorado. 467 pp. Graul, W.D. 1975. Breeding biology of the mountain plover. Wilson Bulletin 87:6-31. General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Page -18- Hoogland, John L. 1995. The Black -tailed Prairie Dog. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London. Jennings, W.F. 1989. Final report. Species studied: Eustoma grandiflorum, Spiranthes diluvialis, Malaxis brachypoda, Hypoxis hirsuta, Physaria bellii, Aletes humilis. Unpublished report prepared for the Nature Conservancy under the Colorado Natural History Small Grants Program. The Nature Conservancy, Boulder, Colorado. 48 pp. Jennings, W.F. 1990. Final report. Species studied: Spiranthes diluvialis, Sisyrinchium pallidum. Unpublished report prepared for The Nature Conservancy under the Colorado Natural History Small Grants Program. The Nature Conservancy, Boulder, Colorado. 29 pp. Jones, S.R. 1998. Burrowing owl. Pages 220-221 in H.E. Kingery, ed. Colorado breeding bird atlas. Colorado Bird Atlas Partnership. Denver. Kingery, H.E. 1998. Colorado breeding bird Atlas. Colorado Bird Atlas Partnership. Denver. Long, Kim. Prairie Dogs, A Wildlife Handbook, Johnson Books, Boulder, 2002. National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands, Region 4, 5, and 8, Resource Management Group, Inc., Michigan, 1994. Nichols, F.E. and J.A. Daley. 1995. 1995 Prairie Dog Counts on the Cathy Fromme Prairie. Professional report submitted to the Fort Collins Natural Resources Department. 8p. Remote Sensing Research. 1996. 1996 Coyote Ridge Prairie Dog Study. Professional report submitted to the City of Fort Collins Natural Resources Department. Sibley, David Allen. 2000. The Sibley Guide to Birds. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. New York. Tileston, J.V., and R.R. Lechleitner. 1966. Some Comparisons of the Black -tailed and White- tailed Prairie Dogs in North -central Colorado. American Midland Naturalist 75:292-316. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Soil Survey of Adams County, Colorado. Historical Replica, October 1974. U.S. Department of Agriculture, NRCS. 2001. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.1 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA U.S. Department of Agriculture. No date. Midwestern wetland flora: Field office guide to plant species. USDA Soil Conservation Service, Midwest National Technical Center, Lincoln, Nebraska. Jamestown, ND: Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center Home Page WESTERN ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY, INC. General Ecological Resource Survey - 31145 U.S. Highway 6, Garfield County, Colorado 81652 Page -19- http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/othrdata/pintguid/pintguid. htm (Version 16JUL97). U.S. Fish and Wildlife. 1990. Recovery Plan for the Uinta Basin hookless cactus. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 6, Denver, Colorado. 26 pp. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 6, Pawnee Montane Skipper Butterfly Recovery Plan. September, 1998 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Ecological Services Colorado Field Office, Federally Listed and Candidate Species and Their Status in Colorado, August 21, 2001. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1999. Interim Survey Guidelines for Preble's Meadow Jumping Mouse. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1992. Interim Survey Requirements for Spiranthes Diluvialis. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1999b. Services proposes to list mountain plover as threatened. News Release 99-02. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Fish and Wildlife Service Proposes to Remove the Preble's Meadow Jumping Mouse from the Endangered Species List, News Release. Jan. 28, 2005. Whitson, Tom, et al. 2000. Weeds of the West. Western Society of Weed Science, Newark, CA. Wickersham, L.E. 2016. The Second Colorado breeding bird Atlas. Colorado Bird Atlas Partnership. Denver. WESTERN ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY, INC. s mewonmomnimmairemewrimom .ar.Finv err. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventor Silt CO 1:7,396 0.1 0.2 mi 0.2 0.4 km August 21, 2017 Wetlands O Estuarine and Marine Deepwater Estuarine and Marine Wetland I Freshwater Emergent Wetland Freshwater Forested/Shrub Wetland Freshwater Pond • Lake Other Riverine This map is for general reference only. The US Fish and Wildlife Service is not responsible for the accuracy or currentness of the base data shown on this map. All wetlands related data should be used in accordance with the layer metadata found on the Wetlands Mapper web site. National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) This page was produced by the NWI mapper