HomeMy WebLinkAboutConstruction SpecificationsLARRY GIROUX PROPERTY
51 County Road223
Rifle, Colorado
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS
Owner:
Larry Giroux
L2433 Highway B2
Carbondale, CO 81623
Phone: (618) 4O7 -2280
Prepared By:
Gamba & Associates, Inc.
113 gth Street, Suite 214
Glenwood Springs, Colorado 81601
(e7o) e45-25s0
GAMBA
& ASSOCTATES
CONSULTING ENG¡¡NEERS
& LAND SURVEYORS
Michael f. Gamba, P.E. & P.L.S. 28036
October 37,2078
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 1
Construction Specifications
Table of Contents
EARTH FILL AND SUBGRADE PREPARATION 7
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CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 2
CTEARING AND GRUBBING
1. SCOPE
The work under this section shall consist of clearing removing, and disposing of all trees, brush,
vegetatiory stumps, debris, rubbish, miscellaneous structures not covered under other contract
items, and other objectionable matter from within the right-of-way, easement or construction areas
shown on plans and such other areas as may be specified in the special specifications. Clearing shall
be performed in accordance with the requirements of these specifications,
Contractor is required to protect and preserve all items designated to remain. Where Contractor's
operation causes damage or injury to trees and plants designated to remain, an arborist or other
qualified professional shall be employed by the Contractor to repair the damage or provide
replacement and mitigation in accordance with these Specifications and Drawings, and to the
Owner's satisfaction where damage is beyond repair.
2. MARKING
The Contact Manager or Owner's Representative will establish the limits of areas to be cleared or
areas, objects or features that are designated to remain undisturbed, In general, the work areas
shall include trenches, structures, areas of earthwork excavation and grading and other areas
shown on the plans or as specified or directed by the Contact Manager or Owner's Representative.
The Contact Manager or Ornmer's Representative will designate structures, debris, rubbish, trees,
brush and vegetation to be cleared. Clearing beyond the limits of construction shall be only where
specified or directed. The contractor shall preserve all things designated to remain. The contractor
shall carefully prune all branches of trees which have been broken or injured during construction.
Paintrequired for cutor scarred surfaces oftrees or shrubs selected for retention shall be an
approved asphaltum base paint prepared especially for tree surgery'
3. REMOVAT
All surface objects and all trees, stumps, roots and other protruding obstructiong not designated to
remain, shall be cleared and/or grubbed, including mowing, as required, exceptundisturbed
stumps and roots and nonperishable solid objects which will be a minimum of 2 feetbelow
subgrade or slope of embankments. Ordinarily, the clearing of growth shall not extend more than B
feet beyond the toes of fills or the tops of cut slopes as treated, Except in areas to be excavated,
stump holes and other holes from which obstructions are removed, shall be backfilled with suitable
material and compacted in accordance with Earth Fill specifications,
4. DISPOSAL
All materials removed from the designated work areas shall be disposed of in the locations and in
the manner shown on the drawings, or as otherwise called for in the specifications, or if not
specified, shall be disposed off-site in accordance with these specifications and all applicable laws,
rules, regulations, statues and ordinances.
5. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
Unless otherwise stated in the contrac! the work shall be paid for at the contract unit price bid for
the number of square yards acceptably cleared and grubbed within the limits shown on the plans or
staked in the field by the Contact Manager or Owner's Representative.
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 3
EXCAVATION
1. SCOPE
The work shall consist of the excavation required by the drawings and specification and disposal of
the excavated materials,
2. CTASSIFICATION
Excavation will be classified as common excavation or rock excavation in accordance with the
following definition or will be designated as unclassified. Common excavation shall be defined as
the excavation of all materials that can be excavated, transported, and unloaded by the use of heavy
ripping equipment and wheel tractor-scrapers with pusher tractors or that can be excavated and
dumped into place or loaded onto hauling equipment by means of excavators having a rated
capacity of three cubic yards and equipped with attachments such as shovel, backhoe, bucket,
dragline or clam shell appropriate to the character of the materials and the site conditions. Rock
excavation shall be defined as the excavation of all hard, compacted or cemented materials the
accomplishment of which requires blasting or the use of excavators larger than defined for common
excavation. The excavation and removal of isolated boulders or rock fragments larger than one
cubic yard in volume encountered in materials otherwise conforming to the definition of common
excavation shall be classified as rock excavation. Excavation will be classified according to the
above definitions by the Engineer, based on its judgment of the character of the materials and the
site conditions. The presence of isolated boulders or rock fragments larger than one cubic yard in
size will not in itself be sufficient cause to change the classification of the surrounding material. For
the purpose of this classificatiorl the following definitions shall apply: Heavy ripping equipment
shall be defined as rear-mounted, heavy duty, single-tooth, ripping attachment mounted on a
tractor having a power rating of at least 300 horsepower [at the flywheel). Wheel tractor-scraper
shall be defined as a self-loading [not elevating) and unloading scraper having a struck bowl
capacity of 72 to 20 cubic yards. Pusher tractor shall be defined as a track type tractor having a
power rating of at least 300 net horsepower (at the flywheel) equipped with appropriate
attachments.
3. UNCLASSIFIED EXCAVATION
Items designated as "Unclassified Excavation" shall include all materials encountered regardless of
their nature or of the manner in which they are removed. When excavation is unclassified, none of
the definitions or classifications stated in Section 2 of this specification shall apply.
4. BTASTING
The transportation, handling storage, and use of dynamite and other explosives shall be directed
and supervised by a person of proven experience and ability in blasting operation and who shall be
currently licensed andf or permitted for such work by all prevailing government agencies, Blasting
shall be done in such a way as to prevent damage to the work or unnecessary fracturing of the
foundation and shall conform to any special requirements called for in the specifications.
5. USE OF EXCAVATED MATERIATS
To the extent that they are needed, all suitable materials from the specified excavations shall be
used in the construction of required permanent earth fill or rock fill. The suitability of materials for
specific purposes will be determined by the Engineer. The contractor shall not waste or otherwise
dispose of suitable excavated materials,
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 4
6. DISPOSAL OF WASTE OR SURPLUS MATERIALS
All surplus or unsuitable excavated materials will be designated as surplus or waste and shall be
disposed of at the locations shown on the plans and/or staked in the field by the Engineer,
7. BRACING AND SHORING
Excavated surfaces too steep to be safe and stable ifunsupported shall be supported as necessary to
safeguard the work and workmen, to prevent sliding or settling of the adjacent ground, and to avoid
damaging existing improvements, The width of the excavation shall be increased if necessary to
provide space for sheeting bracing shoring and other supporting installations. The contractor shall
furnish, place and subsequently remove such supporting installations. All excavations shall at all
times comply with all applicable rules and regulations of OSHA regarding trench safety. The
contractor shall be solely responsible to ensure that all crews working within or around
excavations are informed and trained in all applicable rules and regulations of OSHA' and that
safety procedures are followed at all times.
B. STRUCTUREAND TRENCH EXCAVATION
Structure and trench excavation shall be completed to the specified elevations and to sufficient
length and width to include allowance for forms, bracing and supports, as necessaty, before any
concrete forms, concrete, pipe, or other structures for which the excavations are intended are
placed in the excavation.
9. BORROW EXCAVATION
When the quantities of suitable materials obtained from specified excavations are insufficient to
construct the specified fills, additional materials shall be obtained from the designated borrow
areas. The extent and depth of borrow pits shall be as directed by the Engineer, Borrow pits shall be
excavated and finally dressed in a manner to eliminate steep or unstable side slopes or other
hazardous or unsightly conditions.
10. OVEREXCAVATION
Excavation in earth beyond the specified lines and grades shall be corrected by filling the resulting
voids with approved compacted earth fill, except that earth that is to become the subgrade for
rip-rap, rock fill, sand and gravel fill, or drain fill may be filled with material conforming to the
specifications for the rip-rap, rocþ sand and gravel or drain material,
11, DEWATERING
Excavations shall be dewatered by pumping at any time when: the presence of water creates a
hazard for personnel in the excavation; the water interferes with installation or inspection of the
installed utilities; or water mains may be contaminated by groundwater entering the open end of
pipes.
12. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
The work shall be paid for at the contract unit prices bid for the respective classifications and types
of excavation, Quantities for payment shall be measured and computed to the nearest cubic yard by
the method of average cross-sectional end areas. Regardless of quantities excavated, the
measllrement for payment wiìì be made to the specified pay limits, except that excavation outside
the specified lines and grades directed by the Engineer to remove unsuitable material will be
included, but only to the extent that the unsuitable condition is not a result of the Contractor's
operations. The pay limits shall be as designated on the drawings, or if not designated, the upper
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS. PAGE 5
limit shall be the original ground surface as it existed prior to the start of construction operations
except that where excavation is performed within areas designated for previous excavation or fill
the upper limit shall be the modified ground surface resulting from the specified previous
excavation or fill. Payment for each type and class of excavation made at the contract unit price
shall constitute full compensation for all labor, materials, equipment and all other items necessary
and incidental to the performance of the worþ except that extra payment for backfilling required
over-excavation will be made in accordance with the following provisions: payment for backfilling
over-excavation, as specified in Section 10 of this specification, will be made only if the excavation
outside specified lines and grades is directed by the Engineer to remove unsuitable material and if
the unsuitable condition is not the result of the Contractor's operation,
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 6
EARTH FItL AND SUBGRADE PREPARATION
1. SCOPE
The work shall consist of the constmction of earth embankments, subgrade preparation and other
earth fills required by the drawings and specifications.
2, MATERIALS
All fill materials shall be obtained from required excavations and designated borrow areas. The
selection, blending routing and disposition of materials in the various fills shall be subject to
approval by the Geotechnical Engineer. Fill materials shall contain no sod, brush, roots or other
perishable materials, Rock particles larger than the maximum size specified for each type of fill
shall be removed prior to compaction of the fill, The types of materials used in the various fills shall
be as listed and described in the specifications and drawings as prepared by the Geotechnical
Engineer,,
3. FOUNDATION PREPARATION
Foundations for earth fill shall be stripped to remove vegetation and other unsuitable materials or
shall be excavated as specified. Except as otherwise specified, earth foundation surfaces shall be
graded to remove surface irregularities and shall be scarified parallel to the axis of the fill or
otherwise acceptably scored and loosened to a minimum depth of l-2 inches. The moisture content
of the loosened material shall be controlled as specified for the earth fill, and the surface materials
of the foundation shall be compacted and bonded with the first layer of earth fill as specified for
subsequent layers of earth fill. Earth abutment surfaces shall be free of loose, uncompacted earth in
excess of 2 inches in depth normal to the slope and shall be at such moisture content that the earth
fill can be compacted against them to effect a good bond between the fill and the abutmenl Rock
foundation and abutment surfaces shall be cleared of all loose materials and shall be free of
standing water when fill is placed upon them. Occasional rock outcrops in earth foundations for
earth fill, shall not require special treatment if they do not interfere with compaction of the
foundation or placement and compaction of layers of the fill. Foundation and abutment surfaces
shall not be steeper than L tf 2horizontal to l- vertical unless otherwise specified. Test pits or other
cavities shall be filled with compacted earth fill conforming to the specifications for the earth fill to
be placed upon the foundation,
4. PTACEMENT
Fill shall not be placed until the required excavation and foundation preparation have been
completed and the foundation has been inspected and approved by the Geotechnical Engineer, Fill
shall not be placed upon a frozen surface, nor shall snow, ice or frozen material be incorporated in
the fill, Fill shall be placed in approximately horizontal layers, The thickness of each layer before
compaction shall not exceed the maximum thickness specified. Materials placed by dumping in piles
or windrows shall be spread uniformly to not more than the specified thickness before being
compacted. Hand compacted fill including fill compacted by manually directed power tampers, shall
be placed in layers whose thickness before compaction does not exceed the maximum thickness
specified for layers of fill compacted by the particular manually directed power tampers being used.
Fill placed adjacent to structures shall be placed in a manner which will prevent damage to the
structures and will allow the structures to assume the loads from the fill gradually and uniformly,
The height of the fill adjacent to a structure shall be increased at approximately the same rate on all
sides of the structure. If the surface of any layer becomes too hard and smooth for proper bond with
the succeeding layer, it shall be scarified parallel to the axis of the fill to a depth of not less than 2
inches before the next layer is placed. The top surfaces of embankments shall be maintained
approximately level during construction, except that a crown or cross-slope of not less than 2
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 7
percent shall be maintained to insure effective drainage and except as otherwise directed,
Embankments shall be constructed in continuous layers except where openings to facilitate other
construction are specifically called for in the plans and specifications.
5. CONTROT OF MOISTURE CONTENT
During placement and compaction of fill, the moisture content of the materials being placed shall be
maintained within the specified range as determined by the geotechnical engineer. The application
of water to the fill materials shall be accomplished at the borrow areas insof,ar as practicable. Water
may be applied by sprinkling the materials after placement of the fill, if necessary. Uniform
moisture distribution shall be obtained by discing blading or other approved methods prior to
compaction of the layer, Material that is too wet when deposited on the fill shall be either removed
or be dried to the specified moisture content prior to compaction, If the top surface of the preceding
layer of compacted fill or a foundation or abutment surface in the zone of contact with the fill
becomes too dry to permit suitable bond, it shall be scarified and moistened by sprinkling to an
acceptable moisture content prior to placement of the next layer of fill.
6. COMPACTION
Earth fill shall be compacted according to the following requirements. Each layer of fill shall be
compacted as necessary to make the density of the fill matrix not less than the minimum density
specified, The fill matrix is defined as the portion of the fill material finer than the maximum
particle size used in the compaction test specified. Unless otherwise specified, the minimum density
shall be 95 percent of the maximum dry density as determined by Standard proctor testing (ASTM
D69B) at a moisture content within 2o/o of optimum, Fill adjacent to structures shall be compacted
to a density equivalent to that of the surrounding fill by means of hand tamping or by manually
directed power tampers or plate vibrators. Heavy equipment shall not be operated within 2 feeLof
any structure. Vibrating rollers shall not be operated within 5 feet of any structure. Compaction by
means of drop weights operating from a crane or hoist will not be permitted, The passage of heavy
equipment shall not be allowed over any type of conduit until the backfill above the conduit has
been placed to a height equal to 1.12 the diameter of the conduit or 2 feet which ever is greater.
Compacting of fill adjacent to concrete structures shall not be started until the concrete has attained
the strength specified by the Geotechnical or Structural Engineer for this purpose. The strength will
be determined by compression testing of test cylinders cast by the Geotechnical Engineer for this
purpose and cured at the work site in the manner specified in ASTM Method C 3l- for determining
when structures may be put into service. When the required strength of the concrete is not
specified as described above, compaction of fill adjacent to structures shall not be started until the
following time intervals have elapsed after placement of the concrete.
Structure Time Interval
Retaining walls and counterforts
Walls backfilled on both sides simultaneously
Precast, bedded conduit
1"4 days
7 days
L day
7. PROOF ROLLING, STABILITY
Following the placement and compaction of earthfill for roads, streets, parking lots, or other vehicle
traffic areas, the entire surface shall be proof rolled under the direction and observation of the
geotechnical engineer. Proof rolling shall be accomplished using a pneumatic-tired, tandem axle
dump truck or water truck loaded to a minimum of 1B kips per axle. Surface that is pumping or is
deformed by the proof roll vehicle shall be reworked and retested. If the pumping or deformation is
the result of subgrade failure due to poor compaction or excessive moisture, the subgrade condition
must be corrected by processing or replacement with acceptable onsite or imported material.
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 8
Subsequent layers, such as aggregate base course, hot bituminous pavement or concrete pavement
shall not be placed on the subgrade surface until the Engineer has received compaction and proof
rolling reports from the geotechnical engineer approving the subgrade section.
B. REMOVAT AND REPTACEMENT OF DEFECTIVE FILL
I.'ill placed at densities lower than the specified minimum density or at moisture contents outside
the specified acceptable range of moisture content or otherwise not conforming to the
requirements of the specifications shall be reworked to meet the requirements or removed and
replaced with an acceptable fill, The replacement fill and foundation and abutment surfaces upon
which it is to be placed shall conform to all requirements of this specification for foundation
preparation, approval, placemenÇ moisture content and compaction.
9. TESTING
During the course of the worh the Project Geotechnical Engineer shall perform such tests as are
required to identisr materials, to determine compaction characteristics, to determine moisture
content, and to determine density and stability of fill and subgrade in place. These tests performed
by the Project Geotechnical Engineer will be used to veriSr that the fills conform to the
requirements of the specifications. The number and frequency of tests will be established according
to standard industry procedures. If the Engineer is not satisfied with the number, frequency, or
results of the tests, the Engineer may require such additional testing as he judges to be appropriate,
10. LIMITS OF CONTRACTOR WORK ACTIVITY
Unless otherwise specified in the plans and specifications or approved by written authorization
from the Engineer, the contractor shall confine all work activity within the boundaries defined by
the construction stakes which define "clearing and grubbing", "excavation" and/or "earth fill".
When necessary, sites for material and equipment storage outside the work area will be designated
by the Engineer. Destruction of construction stakes through careless activity of the contractor shall
result in replacement of the stakes at the expense of the contractor. The Engineer shall be the sole
judge of whether construction stakes were lost through normal activity or carelessness,
1 1. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
Payment for each type and class of earth fill shall be made at the contract unit price for the specific
materials computed to the nearest cubic yard by the method of average cross-sectional end areas.
Unless otherwise specified, no deduction in volume will be made for embedded conduits and
appurtenances. The pay limits shall be as defined below, with the further provision that earth fill
required to fill voids resulting from overexcavation, outside the specified lines and grades, will be
included in the measul'ement for payment only where such overexcavation is directed by the
Engineer to remove unsuitable material and where such unsuitable condition is not the result of the
Contractor's operations. The pay limits shall be as designated on the drawings, or if not designated,
shall be the measured surface of the foundation when approved for placement of fill and the
specified neat lines of the fill surface. Payment for each type and class of excavation made at the
contract unit price shall constitute full compensation for all labor, materials, equipment and all
other items necessary and incidental to the performance of the work.
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 9
ROAD AGGREGATE
1. SCOPE
This work shall consist of furnishing and placing one or more courses of aggregate on a prepared
surface in accordance with these specifications and in reasonably close conformity with the lines,
grades, thicknesses, and typical cross-sections shown on the plans and/or called for in the
specifications.
2. MATERIATS
All aggregate shall consistofclearl hard, durable particles ofcrushed gravel or stone free from soft,
thiû elongate, or laminated pieces or organic material, and the material retained on the #4 sieve
shall show a percentage of wear of not more than 50 percent (50o/o) when subjected to 500
revolutions in the ASTM C-l-31--81, test
Sub base aggregate shall meet the standards of Class 1 and base course aggregate shall meet the
standards of Class 6 as called for in Table 703-2, Section 703.03 Division of Highways, State of
Colorado, Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction,'1,991.
Geotextile fabric, when called for specifically or as an alternative shall be Trevira Spunbond #
51127 or approved equal.
3. PTACING
All aggregate material shall be placed in a manner which will minimize size segregation and
disturbance of the sub-grade configuration, When geotextile fabric is used, it shall be laid on the
sub-grade, in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations regarding side-to-side and end-
to-end, for the specific subgrade soils condition, and the gravel shall be bladed over it without
running trucks or aggregate placement equipment directly on the fabric, If the required compacted
depth of sub-base course exceeds six inches, the course shall be constructed in two or more layers
of approximately equal thickness. The maximum compacted thickness on any one layer shall not
exceed six inches. When vibrating or other approved types of special compacting equipment are
used, the depth of a single layer of the course may be increased upon approval by the Engineer.
4. SHAPING AND COMPACTION
Each layer shall be compacted to a density of not less than 95 percent of maximum density as
determined in accordance with ASTM l-557, AASHTO T 180 [Modified Proctor) unless otherwise
called for on the plans. The surface of each layer shall be maintained during the compaction
operations in such a manner that a uniform texture and surface is produced and the aggregates
firmly keyed. Water shall be uniformly applied over the materials during compaction in the amount
necessary for proper consolidation,
5. PROOF ROttING, STABITITY
Following the placement and compaction of the aggregate, the entire surface shall be proof rolled
under the direction and observation of the geotechnical engineer. Proof rolling shall be
accomplishcd using a pneumatic-tired, tandem axle dump truck or water truck loaded to a
minimum of 18 kips per axle. Surface that is pumping or is deformed by the proof roll vehicle shall
be reworked and retested, If the pumping or deformation is the result of subgrade failure due to
poor compaction or excessive moisture, the subgrade condition must be corrected and the
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 1O
aggregate replaced and compacted. Subsequent layers, such as hot bituminous pavement or
concrete pavement shall not be placed on the aggregate surface until the Engineer has received
compaction and proof rolling reports from the geotechnical engineer approving the aggregate
section.
6. MEASUREMENT AND PAVEMENT
Measurement shall be made by totaling the tons of aggregate material delivered to the site and
installed complete in accordance with the plans and specifications. The accepted quantities of
aggregate base and sub-base and surface materials shall be paid for at the contract unit price per
cubic yard compacted in place. The accepted quantity of geotextile fabric shall be paid for at the
contract unit price square yard. Such payment will constitute full compensation for furnishing
transporting placing and compacting all materials including any water necessary for proper
consolidation.
The term "accepted quantities" shall mean only those quantities necessary to construct the surface
area and thickness of aggregate as defined in the plans and specifications, and/or authorized and
modified by the Engineer in the field. For geotextile the term "accepted quantity" shall mean only
the surface area covered by the geotextile, and does not include any overlap recommended by the
manufacturer. Any additional quantity used in the work which is not in any way authorized,andf or
is the result of waste, or placement of pavement in greater thickness or greater area than is
designed, specified or authorized, shall not be paid for. For the purpose of determining "accepted
quantities", calculations converting weight to volume, or volume to weight shall use the factor of
1.BS tons per cubicyard. compacted in place.
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 11
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SEEDING AND MULCHING
1. SCOPH
The work consists of the construction of erosion control, stabilization and revegetation appurtenances
and the performance of best management practices before, during and after construction of the
development project to prevent damage to other resources by sediment from soil erosion and to return
the constructed cut/fill slopes to an aesthetically pleasing natural and native condition, The work
includes the furnishing of all labor, equipmenÇ materials, excavation, installation of materials and site
clean-up,
2. MATERIALS
The type and estimated quantities of materials to be used in the work shall be indicated on the design
drawings andf or described within these specifications. The following specifications shall apply for
planting materials proposed for the Project:
The following plants and planting recommendations shall be used as a guideline for the restoration of
disturbed lands or the revegetation of developed lands, If the specific plant materials are not available,
the plant species may be substituted with currently available planting materials that resemble the
unavailable or native species under the direction of the Engineer.
DRYTAND - Non-irrigated
Common name Genus/snecies Rate
Western Wheatgrass
Thickspike Wheatgrass
Streambank Wheatgrass
Slender Wheatgrass
Pubescent Wheatgrass
Canby Bluegrass
Green Needlegrass
Indian Ricegrass
DRYLAND - Irrigated
Common name
Tall Fescue [TurfTypeJ
Basin Wildrye
Kentucky Bluegrass
STREAMBANK
Common name
Agropyron smithii
Agropyron dasystachym
Agropyron riparium
Agropyron trachycaulum
Agropyron trichophorum
Poa canbyi
Stipa viridula
Oryzopsis hymenoides
Genus/soecies
Festuca arundinacea
Elymus cinereus
Poa Pratensis
Genus/species
Poa fendleriana
B lbs./Acre
6lbs./Acre
6lbs./Acre
6lbs,/Acre
4lbs,/Acre
3lbs./Acre
5 lbs./Acre
3lbs./Acre
Rate
3lbs./1,000 SF
1lb./1,000 sF
1lb,/1,000 sF
Muttongrass
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 12
Rate
3lbs./Acre
Bluejoint Reedgrass
Western Wheatgrass
Bunchgrass
Rushes
WETLANDS
Rushes
Sedge
Spikesedge
Cottongrass
Marsh Marigold
Lousewort
Calamagrostis canadensis
Agropyron smithii
Sporobolus airoicles
f uncus balLicus
funcus balticus
Scirpus americanus
Care>ç spp
Eleocharis macrostachya
E riophorum angustifolium
Caltha leptosepala
Pedicularis groenlandica
2lbs./Acre
2lbs./Acre
2lbs./Acre
'1lb./Acre
3lbs./Acre
3lbs./Acre
3lbs./Acre
2 lbs,/Acre
2 lbs,/Acre
,5 lbs./Acre
.5lb./Acre
Rate refers to Pure Live Seed (PLS) and corresponds to USDA-SCS recommendations, Colorado
Agronomy Note No, 61,, March L6,!981.
3. CERTIFICATION BY MANUFACTURER
When requested by the Engineer, the Contractor shall furnish certification by the manufacturerfsJ
of the erosion control materials to be furnished on this projecÇ certi$ring that they comply with the
goals of the project and applicable specifications.
All seed tags and containers shall be delivered to the Engineer upon request and planting material
identification labels shall remain legible and attached to the individual plant until the Engineer
authorizes removal.
4, TEMPORARY EROSION CONTROT
During construction activities, efforts shall be made to minimize disturbed soil movement by both
wind and water. Should wind erosion become an evident problem, a water truck shall be required
to maintain a moist condition in the construction area.
Existing natural vegetation shall be protected where possible
Straw bales or fabric silt fences shall be installed at critical points where potential water erosion
with resultant soil movement off the site exists.
The Engineer shall direct placement of temporary erosion control measures on a site specific basis
as needed and as phase development ofthe project occurs.
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 13
5. PERMANENT EROSION CONTROT
Slopes shall be constructed per project drawings and specifications. Erosion control and
revegetation procedures shall be implemented according to the angle of repose of the finish grade
slope,
ExisLing natural vegetation shall be protected where possible.
6. TOPSOTL
Pre- Construction;
Prior to any excavation within the project Contractor shall provide a composite soil sample
for each major plant community to an appropriate testing facility for evaluation. The soil
evaluation shall consist of the following parameters:
Soil Texture
Sodium Absorption Ratio ISARJ
Electroconductivity
pH
Organic Content
Nutrient content
Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Potassium
Micronutrient needs
During Construction;
All available topsoil within the areas proposed for grading shall be stripped to a depth
suitable for reuse (as determined from the pre-construction soil tests) and stockpiled for
revegetation. Large, woody plant material shall be removed (grubbed) prior to topsoil
stripping to minimize the amount of unsuitable materials in the topsoil, however a lesser
amount of these materials is desirable since these materials contain native seed or plant
parts [rhizomes, roots and sprigsJ that will grow and aid in establishing plant cover. The
woody plant material shall be either chipped and spread over the final surface as mulch, or
removed from the site and properly disposed.
Post- Co nstruction, Reve getation;
Prior to the use of the stockpiled topsoil, the Contractor shall collect and provide a
composite topsoil sample to an appropriate testing facility for evaluation, The results of the
evaluation shall indicate the required soil amendments to bring the topsoil to the acceptable
chemical and organic quality desired for the successful establishment and optimum growing
media standards for the specific revegetation treatments. The results of the soil evaluation
shall be distributed to the Owner and Engineer upon completion of the evaluation.
Additional topsoil required to complete the proposed erosion control and revegetation treatments
shall be imported, stockpiled, tested and amended as needed to conform to the desired amounts
and quality,
1,.
2.
3.
4.
5,
6.
7
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 14
7. REVEGETATION PROCEDURE
All proposed plantings (trees, shrubs and ornamental plants) shall be installed after topsoil
placement and seedbed preparation and pggt to seeding of the completed cut/fill slopes. Shrubs
shall be spaced 3 to 4 feet apart in a random arrangement or grouping rather than in rows. Planting
holes shall be dug perpendicular to the face of the slope and shall be large enough to accept the
plant without bending or curling the roots, Remove containers betore planting and pack firmly to
eliminate air pockets. If soil moisture is deficient, water the plants immediately after transplanting.
Protection of the plantings from wildlife foraging shall be accomplished by installing individual or
group forage protection/exclusion devices or by the use of boundary electric (two-wire) fencing,
Said protection appurtenances and methods shall be reviewed and approved by the Engineer prior
to installation.
For Repose Angle steeper than2:L;
Scarification shall be required on all slopes designated for topsoil application. Scarifli hard
surfaces to provide at least 6- inches of loosened material, Scarification operations shall be
performed across the slope, not up and down, Where rock outcrops prevent scarification,
additional rocks shall be worked into the slope and combined with cluster plantings of
shrubs.
Topsoil shall be applied at an average depth of six [6) inches (1B,6 cubic yards per 1000
square feet). Surfaces shall be smoothed following topsoil application and all rocks [> 6-inch
diameter), debris and unsuitable materials shall be removed.
Fertilizer [slow release nitrogenJ and soil amendments should be applied in the final stages
of seedbed preparation and worked into the soil surface prior to seeding. Application rates
shall be determined by the site specific soil tests and/or as specified by the Engineer.
Minimum application rates shall be approximately 40 to B0 lbs available Nitrogen and 50 to
100lbs available PzOs per acre,
Install Live Plantings)
Seed mixtures shall be broadcast seeded by the use ofhand held canister seeder or other
approved mechanical means using the specified seed mixture and rate.
Immediately following seeding, the area shall be raked to assure that the seed is buried to a
depth of T+ inch.
Seeded areas (Dryland Mix) shall be mulched with an application of Soil Guard, Bonded
Fiber Matrix (Weyerhaeuser) by a certified applicator according to manufacturers
instructions, utilizing standard hydraulic mulching equipment at a rate of 3,000 pounds per
acre, The applicator shall not apply the product in advance of rainfall, such that the bonded
fiber matrix has an opportunity to cure for a minimum of 24 hours after installation.
For Repose Angle 2:I or flatteu
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 1.5
Scarification shall be required on all slopes designated for topsoil application. Scari$z hard
surfaces to provide at least 6- inches of loosened material. Scarification operations shall he
¡ret'fot'nted acloss tlte slo¡re, ttot u¡: attcl dowtt, Where rock ouLcrops prevent scarification,
additional rocks shall be worked into the slope and combined with cluster plantings of
shrubs,
Surfaces shall be smoothed and topsoil shall be applied at an average depth of six [6) inches
[18.6 cubic yards per 1000 square feet), Finished surface shall be smoothed following
topsoil application and all rocks [> 6-inch diameterJ, debris and unsuitable materials shall
be removed.
Fertilizer (slow release nitrogen) and soil amendments should be applied in the final stages
of seedbed preparation and worked into the soil surface prior to seeding. Application rates
shall be determined by the site specific soil tests and/or as specified by the Engineer.
Minimum application rates shall be approximately 40 to B0lbs available Nitrogen and 50 to
L00lbs available PzOs per acre,
(lnstall Live Plantings)
Seed mixtures shall be broadcast seeded by the use of hand held canister seeder or other
approved mechanical means using the specified seed mixture and rate.
Immediately following seeding, the area shall be raked to assure that the seed is buried to a
depth of Y+inch.
Seeded areas fDryland MixJ shall be Hydromulched with an application of Silva-Fiber Plus,
wood fiber mulch and tackifier or Engineer approved equal, using only designated materials
per manufacturers recommendations over the seeded area at a rate of 2000 lbs/acre.
Some cut or fill areas may require an alternative treatment once the initial construction
practices [Grading) are completed to assure success in erosion control and revegetation.
B. ALTERNATIVE PROTECTION
Site excavation may produce slopes which shall not be conducive to the above erosion control and
revegetation practices due to rock outcrops or other impervious subsurface materials. In this case,
rock aggregate which is aesthetically pleasing to view, Crib Retaining Walls or stacked boulder
walls may be substituted for topsoil and planting in limited areas. Revegetation of the rock slopes
shall be performed by creating pockets of soil that provide adequate rooting depth. Treatment of
bare root plantings with a polyacrylamide sluny to hold the moisture around the roots shall be
performed at the direction of the Engineer.
9. MAINTENANCE
Successful plant establishment is obtained by the following principles
Provide for adequate water control of the area;
Prepare a seedbed or site that will provide soil stability during plant establishment;
Use proper planting techniques at the proper season;
Mulch to protect the soil and provide a better environment for plant gr owth;
Fertilize and apply soil amendments as needed; and
Protection from wildlife (Deer and Elh etc.J foraging.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 1.6
Artificial irrigation shall be provided and encouraged during the first and subsequent growing
seasons, indefinitely, to assure establishment and continued success of the revegetated and planted
areas.
Apply irrigation water in a fine spray and at a rate that does not cause runoff and erosion.
Irrigation system design and details shall be provided within the applicable project drawings and
specifications.
10. SUCCESS AND APPROVAL OF REVEGETATION WORK
The results of the work of seeding and mulching and other revegetation and landscape work can
only be evaluated after a sufficient period of time has elapsed for germination to occur or for live
plants to root and become established in the new environmenl This period of time is normally a
minimum of one growing season and may be as long as two years. The Engineer will evaluate the
work after, what is in their best judgement, a reasonable period of vegetation establishment and
will approve the work il in their best judgement functional success has been achieved. Deficiencies
in functional success shall be corrected.
11. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
Measurement shall be made by totaling the square yards of area revegetated according to the plans
and specifications,. The accepted quantities of revegetated area will be paid for at the contract unit
price per square yard. All work incidental to the Work of revegetation shall be included in the unit
price,
The term "accepted quantities" shall mean only those quantities necessary to revegetate the areas
disturbed by the construction process as defined in the plans and specifications, and/or authorized
and modified by the Engineer in the field. Any additional quantity used in the work which is not in
any way authorized, andf or is the result of waste, or disturbing of greater areas than are designed,
specified or authorized, shall not be paid for.
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 17
AIR POLTUTION CONTROT
1.SCoPE
The contractor's equipment and construction operations shall not contribute excessively to air
pollution by discharging smoke, exhaust fumes, dust or other contaminants into the air in such
quantities as to exceed the limits legally imposed by any local, State, or Federal standards.
Control of dust generation on the site and measures taken to prevent dust from leaving the site
shall be a continuous process from project start up to final acceptance. The Contractor shall furnish
and apply dust palliative on earthwork areas and haul roads to prevent the generation of dust on
the site or other work areas.
Dust palliative may consist of water or a dilution of water and an approved substance, Application
of water or water mixture shall be accomplished with acceptable sprinkling equipmenl Whenever
earthwork or other activity is taking place on the site that could result in the generation of dust, the
Contractor shall have a water truck available on site to immediately wet down dust generating
areas.
If dust is generated to the degree that it may be observed exiting the site, the dust generating
activity shall be recessed until measures are taken to prevent further dust generation.
2. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
The successful completion of the Project shall be dependent upon satisfactory compliance with the
intent of this section. There shall be no extra payment for this Worh but it is construed to be a part
of all phases and items of the Work involved in the project.
CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS - PAGE 18