HomeMy WebLinkAboutEngineers OWTS Design Plan
Onsite Wastewater Treatment System Design
July 2, 2025
Bashon Project
6180 CR 320
Rifle, CO 81650
Parcel No. 2175-261-00-199
Prepared By:
K-Cronk Engineering, Inc.
P.O. Box 140
Mack, CO 81525
970-250-0572
-1 -
Site History
There is an existing three-bedroom residence on site that is served by an existing onsite wastewater
treatment system. During a recent inspection, the owners discovered that the existing OWTS was only sized
for a one-bedroom residence, and they wish to upgrade the system to accommodate a three-bedroom
residential loading.
The site consists of approximately 6.83 acres of uncultivated native soil. Drainage is approximately 4%
to the west. A soils evaluation and site study were conducted on the property of reference on 07/02/25
by Kachayla R. Cronk. Soils evaluation trench A was located approximately 90’ north of the south
property line and approximately 210’ east of the west property line.
This OWTS design has been prepared for the project based on information disclosed during the site study
mentioned above. A discussion of the engineered OWTS design follows. The location of the soils evaluation
trench is shown on the Plot Plan included in this report.
Development of Design Parameters
Soils evaluation trench A was extended to a depth of 108" below ground surface (BGS). There was no
evidence of ground water or periodically saturated soils in the open excavation to a depth of 108" BGS.
No limiting layer was identified to 108” BGS. The soils evaluation indicates three distinct soil horizons
underlie the site. A lithological description follows:
depth (in.) description
0” – 30” silty clay loam, brownish/white
(Soil Type 3, USDA – silty clay loam, granular, strong structure)
30” – 60” silty clay loam, white
(Soil Type 3A, USDA – silty clay loam, granular, weak structure)
60” – 108” sandy clay loam, brown
(Soil Type 3A, USDA – sandy clay loam, blocky, weak structure)
Soils evaluation trench B was extended to a depth of 54" below ground surface (BGS). There was no
evidence of ground water or periodically saturated soils in the open excavation to a depth of 54" BGS. No
limiting layer was identified to 54” BGS. The soils evaluation indicates two distinct soil horizons
underlie the site. A lithological description follows:
depth (in.) description
0” – 24” silty clay loam, brownish/white
(Soil Type 3, USDA – silty clay loam, granular, strong structure)
30” – 54” silty clay loam, white
(Soil Type 3A, USDA – silty clay loam, granular, weak structure)
Based on the results from the 07/02/25 soils evaluation, Soil Type 3A and corresponding long term
acceptance rate (LTAR) of 0.30 are chosen for overall system sizing for an infiltrator trench soil treatment
area designed to discharge to subsoils below the 24" depth.
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System Design
The installer shall confirm the feasibility of gravity discharge of sewage effluent from the foundation line
to the soil treatment area by field verification of required parameters. Gravity sewer lines that transport
solid waste material must maintain a minimum fall of 1/4” per foot (2% slope); gravity effluent lines that
transport only liquid waste material must maintain a minimum of 1/8” per foot (1% slope).
If site conditions do not allow for the requirements mentioned above to be maintained, gravity discharge of
septic effluent cannot be assured, and a lift station may be required. Please contact the design engineer and
Garfield County to address any design modifications necessary if these design assumptions are not upheld.
A chamber trench soil treatment system is proposed for discharge of septic effluent at the site. Construction
of the system will consist of excavating level trenches in the area comprising the soil treatment area.
Grading during construction may affect slope, therefore contractor shall verify slope at time of
installation. Soil treatment area orientation may be adjusted per site variations to facilitate consistent
trench depth running parallel to final contours. The initial excavation shall be continued to a level depth
of 24" BGS (see Soil Treatment Area Cross Section). If consistent trench depth cannot be maintained,
INFILTRATOR chambers may be installed level at 24” minimum and 48” maximum BGS.
Following completion of the trench excavations, chambers will be used to construct a septic effluent
distribution system in the open excavations. The chambers will be installed in accordance with the
manufacturer’s specifications, available here for Infiltrator Quick4 Standard Chambers:
https://www.infiltratorwater.com/Customer-Content/ www/CMS/files/chamber-manuals/PLUS09_
052913.pdf
After the chamber distribution system is installed, non-woven geotextile filter fabric will be placed over the
chambers and the system will be covered with a soil cap. The soil cap will consist of approximately 12”
min. of sandy loam. The soil cap will be mounded 5% above the existing ground surface to promote surface
run off away from the soil treatment area.
An ISDS inspected was performed by Down Valley Septic & Drain, Inc. on 06/13/25. The results of the
inspection indicate the septic tank is 1,000-gallon, concrete tank with two compartments that is in good
condition with mild erosion of the liquid side. A copy of this ISDS Inspection is included as Appendix A.
The existing septic tank will remain in place and in use. A non-corrodible filter shall be installed at the final
outlet tee of the septic tank to limit the size of solids and sludge passing into the soil treatment area. The
filter must be accessible for cleaning and replacement from the ground surface. A distribution box is
required to provide equal distribution of septic effluent from the septic tank to the soil treatment area
laterals. The distribution box must be placed on stable native soil or compacted structural fill to prevent
settling and assure equal distribution of septic effluent. The distribution box must be accessible for cleaning
and replacement from the ground surface.
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DESIGN CALCULATIONS
DESIGN LOADING RATE OF 3 BEDROOMS @ 150 GAL./BEDROOM-DAY = 450 gal./day
DESIGN SOIL TYPE 3A
DESIGN LONG TERM ACCEPTANCE RATE (LTAR) = 0.30 GAL./SQ.FT./DAY
A = 𝑄
𝐿𝑇𝐴𝑄, WHERE,
A = SOIL TREATMENT AREA (SQ. FT.)
Q= DESIGN FLOW (GAL./DAY)
LTAR = LONG TERM ACCEPTANCE RATE (GAL./SQ.FT./DAY)
A = 450
0.30 = 1,500 𝑆𝑄.𝐹𝑆.
SOIL TREATMENT AREA ADJUSTMENT FACTOR FOR GRAVITY TRENCH DESIGN = 1.0
SOIL TREATMENT AREA ADJUSTMENT FACTOR FOR USE OF CHAMBERS = 0.7
ADJUSTED SOIL TREATMENT AREA = 1,500 SQ.FT. X 1.0 X 0.7 = 1,050 SQ. FT.
LENGTH OF 3’ WIDE TRENCH REQ’D = 1,050 SQ.FT. / 3 FT. = 350 FT.
USE 6 TRENCHES WITH 15 QUICK4 STANDARD INFILTRATORS (or equivalent) EACH, FOR A
TOTAL OF 90 UNITS
SOIL TREATMENT AREA SIZED AT 6 TRENCHES 3 FT. WIDE X 60 FT LONG = 1,080 SQ.
FT.
As shown in the included graphics, the trench soil treatment system will consist of six (6) trenches 3'
wide x 24” deep x 60' long with fifteen (15) INFILTRATOR QUICK4 chambers (or equivalent) each
for a total of ninety (90) units. The soil treatment area will encompass an area of 1,080 sq. ft.
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Installation - Setbacks, Notifications, and Inspections
The owner and installer shall be aware of and comply with the following installation and system operation
requirements.
• The installer must be approved and licensed by Garfield County for installation of onsite
wastewater treatment systems.
• All installation activities shall be conducted in accordance with current Garfield County OWTS
Regulations. If at any time during construction, subsurface site conditions are encountered
which differ from the design parameters previously described, construction activities will stop,
and the design engineer and Garfield County will be contacted to address any necessary design
modifications.
• The final cover shall not be placed on sewer lines, septic tank, or the soil treatment area until
the system has been inspected and approved by the design engineer and Garfield County. The
installer shall provide 48-hour notice for all required inspections.
• Installation procedures including grade, location, setbacks, septic tank size, and soil treatment
size shall conform with the attached graphic details. Construction activities and system
components will not encroach upon existing easements or utility corridors. A minimum of 5 ft.
of undisturbed soil shall be maintained between individual absorption elements and the septic
tank. A minimum of 4 ft. of undisturbed soil shall be maintained between adjacent absorption
elements.
• The installer must maintain all setbacks to utility lines, easements, property lines, or other
adverse conditions, whether they are known and shown on the attached graphics or have been
disclosed during construction. Vehicle traffic and parking is to be prevented over the soil
treatment and repair area. Minimum setbacks for system components are:
Septic Tank,
Dosing Tank
Building Sewer,
Effluent Lines
STA
spring/well/cistern 50 50 100
potable water supply line 10 5 25
structure w/ crawlspace 5 0 20
structure w/o crawlspace 5 0 10
property lines, piped or
lined irrigation
10 10 10
subsurface drain,
intermittent irrigation
10 10 25
lake, water course,
irrigation ditch, stream
50 50 50
cut slope steeper than
3H:1V
10 10 25
septic tank -- -- 5
• Four-inch, 2-way clean out must be installed within 5 ft of the outside of the building.
• All gravity sewer/effluent piping shall meet minimum ASTM-3034 PVC standard, be 4-inch
in diameter, and have glued joints. Gravity sewer lines that transport solid waste material shall
employ sweep 90's or 2-45's at all turns. Sewer/effluent lines under driveways shall meet
minimum SCHD 40 PVC standards. Additionally, sewer/effluent lines in traffic areas with less
than 24" of cover shall be encased in 6" CMP or flow fill and covered with minimum 2" high
density blue board insulation.
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• Sewer/effluent lines or domestic water lines shall be encased in minimum SCHD 40 with water-
tight end caps or a minimum of 6” of flow fill at all points with less than 5’ separation between
sewer and domestic water lines.
• Four-inch clean outs shall be installed at maximum 100' intervals in all gravity sewer lines that
transport solid waste material that exceeds 100' in length.
• A minimum of 12" of soil cover (18" recommended) shall be maintained over all gravity
draining OWTS components to prevent freezing of septic effluent (excepting septic tank access
ports which must be extended to the ground surface).
• The system contractor shall be aware of the potential for construction activities to reduce soil
permeabilities at the site through compaction, smearing, and shearing. The following
precautions and construction procedures should be employed during installation to minimize
disturbance to native soils:
i. Excavation should proceed only when the moisture content of the soil is below the
plastic limit. If a sample of soil forms a rope instead of crumbling when rolled
between the hands it is too wet and should be allowed to dry before excavation
continues.
ii. Excavation and backfill equipment should work from the surface where at all
practical to avoid compaction of the soils at depth.
iii. The bottom and sidewalls of the excavation should be left with a rough, open
surface. The appearance should be that of broken or ripped soil as opposed to a
sheared, smeared, or troweled surface. Any smoothed or smeared surfaces should
be removed with a toothed rake or shallow ripper, taking care to remove loose
residues from the bottom of the excavation by hand if necessary.
iv. Care should be taken in placing fill materials in the excavation to avoid damaging
the exposed soil surfaces.
Operation - Maintenance and Inspections
• The owner shall install a structural barrier if necessary and take precautions to prevent vehicular
traffic, excessive surface watering, accidental flooding, or other activities in the vicinity of the
soil treatment area which may compact, saturate, or otherwise alter the subsurface soil
parameters used in designing the septic system.
• The owner will plant and maintain grass or other shallow rooted cover crop to prevent erosion
and promote evapotranspiration over the soil treatment area.
• The owner will inspect and maintain the required mounding and drainage away from the soil
treatment area to prevent saturation from precipitation and surface flows.
• To mitigate the generation of preferential flow channels which may compromise the operation
of the system, the owner will inspect and prevent intrusion of burrowing animals and deep -
rooted plants into the soil treatment area.
• The septic effluent filter shall be inspected and cleaned as necessary every six (6) months.
• The owner will conduct periodic maintenance of the septic system by removing accumulated
sludge from the septic tank every 3-4 years to prevent clogging of the soil treatment area.
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OWTS Component Descriptions:
Component: Model: Notes:
Effluent Filter Orenco Model FTW0436-28
Distribution
Media
Infiltrator Quick4 Standard Chambers +
endcaps, or equivalent
Filter Fabric Non-woven permeable geotextile fabric
(max. 2 oz. / sq. yd), or equivalent
- 7 -
Limitations
This report is a site-specific design for the installation of an onsite wastewater treatment system and is
applicable only for the client for whom our work was performed. Use of this report under other
circumstances is not an appropriate application of this document. This report is a product of K -Cronk
Engineering, Inc. and is to be taken in its entirety. Excerpts from this report may be taken out of context
and may not convey the true intent of the report. It is the owner's and owner's agent’s responsibility to read
this report and become familiar with the recommendations and design guidelines contained herein.
The recommendations and design guidelines outlined in this report are based on: 1) the proposed site
development and plot plan as furnished to K-Cronk Engineering, Inc. by the client, and 2) the site conditions
disclosed at the specific time of the site investigation of reference. K-Cronk Engineering, Inc. assumes no
liability for the accuracy or completeness of information furnished by the client. Site conditions are subject
to external environmental effects and may change over time. Use of this plan under different site conditions
is inappropriate. If it becomes apparent that current site conditions vary from those anticipated, the design
engineer and Garfield County should be contacted to develop any required design modifications. K-Cronk
Engineering, Inc. is not responsible and accepts no liability for any variation in assumed design parameters.
K-Cronk Engineering, Inc. represents this report has been prepared within the limits prescribed by the
owner and in accordance with the current accepted practice of professional engineering in the area. No
warranty or representation, either expressed or implied, is included or intended in this report or in any of
our contracts.
SEAL
Kachayla R. Cronk, P.E.
Date
NOTE: This OWTS design is meant to include the following five pages:
1) plot plan
2) septic layout plan
3) notes for your installer
4) soil treatment area plan view
5) soil treatment area cross section.
The plan is not to be implemented in the absence of these sheets.
BASHON PROJECT 6180 -CR-320 2175-261-00-199
PLOT PLAN JULY 2, 2025 SCALE, 1 '=60'
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o.reo. of reference
6.83 o.cres
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lnsto.ller to verify slope direction
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NOTES FOR YOUR INSTALLER
This is a STAMPED, ENGINEERED design – yes, septics are “simple” and water runs downhill.
However, like anything that is engineered, it is critical that you follow the design so the system
performs as intended – I cannot approve a system that was not installed to plans!
If, FOR ANY REASON, you need to:
1. Change the location/rotation of the septic tank (i.e. plumbing was stubbed out of
different wall, etc.)
2. Change the location/rotation of the soil treatment area (i.e. slope differed from the
design, owner has changed the site plan, etc.)
YOU MUST CONTACT THIS OFFICE FOR A REVISED DESIGN!
The revision must be submitted and approved through the County (with a County $ revision
fee) prior to calling in for inspection. Revisions take time, so please be prompt when
contacting us to ensure the project is not delayed.
Next, and I cannot stress this enough - DO NOT install the chambers DEEPER than the maximum
depth stated in the design – the depth is determined by factors that the design engineer cannot
control. This includes SATURATED/POOR SOIL CONDITIONS & COUNTY OWTS
CODE. Our designs give the widest range of depth possible for the specific site – if the required
depth cannot be met, other options may need to be explored.
If the soil treatment area is installed at a depth greater than allowed, there are very few solutions
to resolve the problem. Examples include:
• Removing all components and reinstalling them in a different location at correct depth.
• Backfilling trenches to an acceptable depth (using WASHED CONCRETE SAND
ONLY), installing a pump chamber, effluent pump, and pressurizing the system.
Please reach out at any time during the installation process if you have any questions – this office
has experienced several installations that have failed County inspections due to issues described
above – I would like to see every system PASS without comment as this makes everyone’s job
easier.
Kachayla Cronk, P.E. – (970) 250-0572
Appendix A
Inspection Report by Others