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1 Major Impact Review Application Bradley Thomas Developer (970) 236-1254 | Bradley.Thomas@pivotenergy.net Pivot Energy 1601 Wewatta St., Ste. 700 Denver, CO 80202 Pivot Solar 63 LLC Large Solar Facility, Garfield County May 29, 2026 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net Table of Contents 1 - Land Use Change Application ................................................................................................. 3 2 – Payment Agreement ............................................................................................................... 5 3 – Project Narrative ..................................................................................................................... 6 4 – Property Deed ....................................................................................................................... 27 5 – Title Commitment .................................................................................................................. 29 6 – Statement of Authority .......................................................................................................... 43 7 – Letter of Authorization ........................................................................................................... 44 8 – Buffer Report ......................................................................................................................... 45 9 – Mineral Certification .............................................................................................................. 46 10 – Preapplication Summary ..................................................................................................... 47 11 – Vicinity Map ......................................................................................................................... 58 12 – Site Plan .............................................................................................................................. 59 13 – Drainage Report .................................................................................................................. 63 14 – Landscaping Plan ............................................................................................................. 142 15 – Impact Analysis ................................................................................................................. 143 18 – Traffic Memo ..................................................................................................................... 154 21 – Article 7 Standards ............................................................................................................ 158 ~~ Pivot ~F Energy Community Development Department 108 8th Street, Suite 401 Glenwood Springs, CO 81601 (970) 945-8212 www.garfield-county.com LAND USE CHANGE PERMIT APPLICATION FORM TYPE OF APPLICATION Administrative Review Development in 100-Year Floodplain Limited Impact Review Development in 100-Year Floodplain Variance Major Impact Review Code Text Amendment Amendments to an Approved LUCP LIR MIR SUP Rezoning Zone District PUD PUD Amendment Minor Temporary Housing Facility Administrative Interpretation Vacation of a County Road/Public ROW Appeal of Administrative Interpretation Location and Extent Review Areas and Activities of State Interest Comprehensive Plan Amendment Accommodation Pursuant to Fair Housing Act Pipeline Development Variance Time Extension (also check type of original application) INVOLVED PARTIES Owner/Applicant Name: ________________________________________________ Phone: (______)_________________ Mailing Address: ______________________________________________________________________ City: _______________________________________ State: _______ Zip Code: ____________________ E-mail:_______________________________________________________________________________ Representative (Authorization Required) Name: ________________________________________________ Phone: (______)_________________ Mailing Address: ______________________________________________________________________ City: _______________________________________ State: _______ Zip Code: ____________________ E-mail:_______________________________________________________________________________ PROJECT NAME AND LOCATION Project Name: _____________________________________________________________________________________ Assessor’s Parcel Number: 2179-122-00-350 Physical/Street Address: ________________________________________________________________ Legal Description: ______________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Zone District: ___________________________________ Property Size (acres): __________________ DB Solar LLC 970 876-2685 35960 River Frontage Road New Castle CO 81647 bspeterson5@yahoo.com Pivot Energy Inc 415 306-6332 1601 Wewatta St, STE 700 Denver CO 80202 bradley.thomas@pivotenergy.net Pivot Solar 63 LLC 35540 River Frontage Road New Castle, Colorado 81647 Section: 12 Township: 6 Range: 92 TR IN THE NW, ALSO A TR OF MEANDER LAND CONT 1.53 AC +/- LYING S OF LOT 2 AND N OF PARCEL DESC IN BK Rural 41.08 Acres 4 cG Garfield County D D D D D D DD □ □ D □ □ □ D D D D D D D D D D PROJECT DESCRIPTION REQUEST FOR WAIVERS Submission Requirements The Applicant requesting a Waiver of Submission Requirements per Section 4-202. List: Section: ______________________________ Section: _________________________________ Section: ______________________________ Section: _________________________________ Waiver of Standards The Applicant is requesting a Waiver of Standards per Section 4-118. List: Section: ______________________________ Section: _________________________________ Section: ______________________________ Section: _________________________________ I have read the statements above and have provided the required attached information which is correct and accurate to the best of my knowledge. ______________________________________________________ __________________________ Signature of Property Owner or Authorized Representative, Title Date OFFICIAL USE ONLY File Number: __ __ __ __ - __ __ __ __ Fee Paid: $_____________________________ Existing Use: ____________________________________________________________________________________ Proposed Use (From Use Table 3-403): ____________________________________________________ Description of Project: __________________________________________________________________ 1.The Decision you are appealing. 2.The date the Decision was sent as specified in the notice (date mailed). 3.The nature of the decision and the specified ground for appeal. Please cite specific code sections and/or relevant documentation to support your request. 4.The appropriate appeal fee of $250.00. 5.Please note a completed Appeal Application and fees must be received within 30 calendar days of the date of the final written Administrative Interpretation. For Appeal of Administrative Interpretation please include: Authorized Representative Solar facility and agriculture Solar Energy System, Large ______________________________________________________________________________ Application for an approximately 4.6-megawatt solar facility 4-203.M (Water Supply/ Distribution plan)4-203.N (Wastewater Mgmt./System Plan) 4-203.L (Traffic Study) 7-1001.B (100' Setback) 5/12/2026 • • Garfield County PAYMENT AGREEMENT FORM GARFIELD COUNTY ("COUNTY") and Property Owner ("APPLICANT") OB Solar LLC _____________________________ agree as follows: 1. The Ap11licant has submitted to the County an application for the following Project: __ _ Pivot ~olar 63 LLC 2. The Applicant understands and agrees that Garfield County Resolution No. 2014-60, as amended, establishes a fee schedule for each type application, and the guidelines for the administration of the fee structure. 3. The Applicant and the County agree that because of the size, nature or scope of the proposed project, it is not possible at this time to ascertain the full extent of the costs involved in processing the application. The Applicant agrees to make payment of the Base Fee, established for the Project, and to thereafter permit additional costs to be billed to the Applicant. The Applicant agrees to make additional payments upon notification by the County, when they are necessary, as costs are incurred. 4. The Base Fee shall be in addition to and exclusive of any cost for publication or cost of consulting service determined necessary by the Board of County Commissioners for the consideration of an application or additional County staff time or expense not covered by the Base Fee. If actual recorded costs exceed the initial Base Fee, the Applicant shall pay additional billings to the County to reimburse the County for the processing of the Project. The Applicant acknowledges that all billing shall be paid prior to the final consideration by the County of any Land Use Change or Division of Land. I hereby agree to pay all fees related to this application: Billing Contact Person: Bradley Thomas Phone: ( 415 ) 306-6332 Billing contact Address: 1601 Wewatta St, Suite 700 City: Denver State: CO Zip Code: _8_0_2_0_2 __ _ Billing contact Email: bradley.thomas@pivotenergy.net Printed Name of Person Authorized to Sign: _K_y_le_S_u_n_d_m_a_n_,_A_u_t_h_o_r_iz_e_d_R_e_p_r_e_s_e_n_t_a_tiv_e __ ~ (Date) 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net Pivot Solar 63 LLC: Project Narrative May 2026 1. Project Background and Overview Public Service Company of Colorado (“Xcel Energy”) has contracted with Pivot Energy (“Pivot”) to design, build, own, and operate a 3-megawatt (“MW”) solar energy facility on a parcel of land owned by DB Solar LLC (“landowner”), located at 35540 River Frontage Road, New Castle, Colorado 81647. The proposed project is known as Pivot Solar 63 LLC. Pivot has an active ground lease in place with the landowner for approximately 18 acres of the larger 41-acre parcel. All 18 acres under lease are currently vacant. The parcel is zoned Rural and is primarily undeveloped open land. Approximately 3 months in advance of this application’s submission, Pivot Energy began working directly with neighbors of the project to ensure their feedback was incorporated into the application. This is discussed in the community outreach and engagement section below. The project is contracted for 20 years of power production through Xcel Energy’s Solar*Rewards program, and has options to continue producing electricity for up to the full 40-year term of the lease. At the time of this application’s submission, the project is being studied for interconnection to the utility grid. The facility will produce enough emission-free electricity to power approximately 920 local homes. 2. Proposed Facility Layout Pivot Solar 63 LLC has been sited specifically to minimize the potential impacts of development. The subject property already hosts both an existing solar facility and livestock grazing; the proposed project will appear as an expansion of the solar use while maintaining the existing agricultural use. Livestock grazing is discussed in more detail in section 4 of this narrative. Pivot’s lease agreement grants access and utility easements to the lease area via the existing access corridor from River Frontage Road. The access will be extended further south before turning east and entering the site fence via a vehicle gate. Utilities will also be extended south via the same corridor, allowing for pole-mounted equipment to be located outside of the fence line. Within the site’s fence line, the project will use industry-standard solar equipment, including photovoltaic (PV) solar modules and single-axis tracking racking. This type of racking slowly rotates the panels to match the sun's angle during the day, maximizing the amount of energy produced by the solar modules. The maximum height of this facility is expected to be approximately 10-12 feet above grade; however, exact measurements will ~~Pivot ~F Energy 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net depend on site topography and final structural engineering, which will be completed during the building permit stage. The panels will be surrounded by a wildlife-friendly game fence, similar to what the Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) and Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW) use. Setbacks While the proposed projects are not considered “Industrial” uses in the land use code, Garfield County has historically applied the 100-foot setback contemplated in section 7- 1001.B of the land use code to large solar facilities. These setbacks apply to residential property lines, of which only one is adjacent to the site. The property immediately to the east of the subject property is zoned Rural and can be considered residential. However, this property is under common ownership, and Pivot has permission from the landowner to reduce this setback amount to a standard property setback. The residence on the property to the east is located approximately 1,550 feet from the proposed project. A waiver request for 7-1001.B has been included in the article 7 standards response included with this application. Fire Department Access Prior to this application’s submission, Pivot consulted with Colorado River Fire Rescue (“CRFR”). CRFR has requested access around the perimeter of the facility, which will be provided via lockbox access at the front gate of the facility. The site has been designed with a minimum 16-foot setback between the panels and the project fence, allowing for emergency and maintenance vehicle access around the perimeter as needed. Vegetative Screening Though not required, Pivot is also proposing vegetative screening along the southern border of the property to further break up the view of the site from across the Colorado River. The proposed vegetative screening is shown in the landscaping plan included with this application. The minimum distance from the solar panels to the nearest residence will be approximately a quarter mile. 3. Construction and Operations The bulk of construction activities for the facility will occur over a relatively short 4-6 month period. During construction, crews of manual laborers, equipment operators, and deliveries will access the site via the existing driveway on River Frontage Road. Once construction is complete, the facility will operate with no onsite personnel. Periodic site visits with a pickup truck are required to ensure mechanical and electrical connections and communications equipment are operating as expected. These operation and maintenance visits typically occur 4-8 times per year with a single pickup truck and a crew of up to four people. In addition to these operations and maintenance visits, limited additional visits will be required to conduct grazing operations during the growing season. ~~Pivot ~F Energy 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net The solar equipment will operate with minimal noise and, importantly, only during daylight hours. The racks follow the sun during the day and are powered by electric motors that advance the racks at small increments. Located on the equipment pad, inverters and a transformer work together to convert the direct current electricity (“DC”) produced by the solar panels to alternating current electricity (“AC”) at a suitable voltage for injection to the local electrical grid. This process creates roughly as much noise as a residential air conditioner unit during daylight hours. Noise levels generally approach background levels at a distance of approximately 150 feet from the inverters. The nearest residence is roughly a quarter mile away from the equipment pad. The proposed project will not generate any odors, and the site will have no lighting. The proposed project will not require potable water, septic system, public water, or sewer because the site will be mostly unmanned once construction is complete. During construction and any maintenance visits, appropriate on-site services will be maintained to ensure work crews have adequate access to portable toilets and potable water for drinking and washing hands. Emergency services will be granted access to the site from River Frontage Road as needed. 4. Dual-Use and Agriculture Pivot Energy is proudly committed to owning and operating a 100% dual-use portfolio of solar facilities nationwide, with livestock grazing, cropping, and habitat enhancement configurations that add agricultural production alongside solar energy. The subject property has historically been used for a mixture of grazing and solar energy production. Pivot plans to work with either the same grazer who has historically worked the land or another western slope-based partner to continue the existing grazing use as solar is added to the property. Pivot Energy uses sheep for solar grazing on 98% of ground-mounted arrays across the country. Due to their small size, agility, and behavior, sheep are considered ideal livestock for grazing within solar arrays. They are not predisposed to jumping on solar panels or chewing on above-ground wires, thereby minimizing on-site risk while maximizing the value of grazing for agricultural production and vegetation management. Dorpers, Katahdins, and other similar breeds of sheep have been determined to be the hardiest and best suited for seasonal grazing in Colorado. During standard rotational grazing operations, sheep are generally present onsite between May and October of each year. The sheep will graze the entire fenced area of the solar garden, and occasional perimeter mowing may be required to supplement the grazing activities. A mix of forbs, fescues, and clovers will be planted on site to support the grazing operations. Pivot works with professional ecologists and civil firms to specify the seed mixes in order to ensure that the chosen plants will provide the right balance of biodiversity and high forage content to support the herd and improve soil quality over time. Pivot also aims to include a mixture of some nitrogen fixing and some nitrogen feeding varietals, which eliminates the need for using chemical fertilizers onsite. Sheep grazing helps to ~~Pivot ~F Energy 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net further establish plants via animal hooves integrating seeds into the soil, and their waste acts as a natural and low-odor fertilizer to enrich the soil. 5. Community Outreach and Engagement Community engagement is a critical part of the way Pivot Energy develops solar projects. Pivot’s developers work alongside a dedicated in-house community engagement team to proactively address questions and incorporate feedback from neighbors well in advance of permit application submission. Pivot is committed to thoughtfully developing projects to suit the unique needs of the communities in which we work. In preparation for this application’s submission, all adjacent property owners were sent USPS Priority mail envelopes on February 17, 2026, including information about the project, contact information, a request to provide feedback and questions, and an invitation to a community meeting on 3/5/26 at the Silt Branch Library. A total of 10 letters were sent to the owners of 13 adjacent properties (as indicated in the aerial image above). A total of 5 people attended the community meeting, where Pivot staff gave a presentation about the project. After the presentation, roughly 1 hour was allotted for questions, during which community members had a chance to voice concerns and get answers to them directly. The main concern brought up by attendees was the visual impact to homes ~~Pivot ~F Energy 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net across the Colorado River from the project. At the meeting, Pivot staff agreed to work with a professional landscape architect to include vegetative screening. After the meeting, new landscaping plans were commissioned and Pivot staff returned to the Silt area to meet directly with the neighbors at one of the homes across the river from the subject property. This presented an opportunity to discuss the plans in person and point out the location of the proposed facility and vegetative screening in context, as well as an opportunity for neighbors to provide feedback on the plans. These landscaping plans have been included with this application and include planting 17 trees of five different native species along the property boundary to the south, filling in gaps between existing vegetation along the river and the subject property. The landscape architect has proposed a mixture of birch, cottonwood, and maple trees, which at full maturity will range in heights from 20 to 75 feet tall. These trees are well-suited for Silt’s climate and will create a natural buffer to break up the view into the solar facility. Town of Silt Given the site’s proximity to properties incorporated in the Town of Silt, Pivot staff also arranged meetings with the town manager and community development director well in advance of this permit application’s submission. Given the fact that a solar facility is already present on the property and the adjacent uses are industrial, the town did not express any concerns or request any layout changes for the proposed project. 6. Compatibility with Existing Solar Facility Approvals The proposed project will be directly co-located with an existing solar facility approved under MIPA-01-16-8415. This resolution (recorded under reception number 948041) has been included with this narrative as Exhibit A. The proposed project does not conflict with any recitals or conditions of approval contained within the previous approvals. 7. Waiver Requests for Submittal Requirements 4-203.M. Water Supply and Distribution Plan Pivot Solar 63 LLC is requesting a waiver of the submittal requirement for a Water Supply and Distribution Plan, as defined in Garfield County Land Use Code Chapter 4-203.M. Solar facilities are unmanned and as such do not require water supplies to operate. Potable water in water bottles will be supplied during the construction phase and during maintenance operations, but no other potable water source is required to operate the solar facilities. 4-203.N. Wastewater Management and System Plan Pivot Solar 63 LLC is requesting a waiver of the submittal requirement for a Wastewater Management and System Plan, as defined in Garfield County Land Use Code Chapter 4- 203.N. Solar facilities are unmanned and do not produce any wastewater through their ~~Pivot ~F Energy 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net operations. Portable toilets will be provided during the project's construction phase, but no permanent wastewater management is proposed. 4-203.L. Traffic Study Pivot Solar 63 LLC is requesting a waiver of the submittal requirement for a full Traffic Study, as defined in Garfield County Land Use Code Chapter 4-203.L. Solar facilities are unmanned and as such generate an extremely limited number of trips (generally 4-8 maintenance visits per year with a standard pickup truck) during their normal operations. A Traffic Letter that discusses traffic volumes during construction and operations in more detail has been included with this application. ~~Pivot ~F Energy 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net Exhibit A: Prior Facility Permit Resolution MIPA-01-16-8415 [See next page] ~~Pivot ~F Energy 1111 WJf.iD\\I~ ni~ll'.iiM!mllij ~ ,v ~1~r».r.M r:rtili 11111 Reception~: 948041 01/04/2021 02:39:19 PM Jean Alberico 1 of 14 Rec Fee:$0,00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO LAND USE CHANGE PERMIT for A 10-Acre Portion of a Larger 41.08-Acre Property Owned by DB Solar LLC Located at 35540 River Frontage Road, New Castle Colorado, 81642. The Property is Located East of the Town of Silt in Section 12, Township 6 South, Range 92 West of the 6th Principal Meridian (Assessor's Parcel No. 2179-122-00-350) In accordance with and pursuant to provisions of the Garfield County Land Use and Development Code of 2013, as amended, a Resolution of Approval (Resolution Number 2016-54) of the Board of County Commissioners of Garfield County, State of Colorado, and a Minor Modification (Recorded at Reception # 937007 -Attached as Exhibit "C") the following activity is hereby authorized by Land Use Change Permit: A Solar Energy System, Large as shown on the Site Plan Attached as Exhibit "A'' (MIPA-01-16-8415) This Land Use Change Permit -Major Impact Review is issued subject to conditions of approval as set forth in Exhibit "B" and as identified in the Minor Modification Attached as Exhibit "C" and shall be valid only during compliance with such conditions and other applicable provisions of the Garfield County Land Use and Development Code, as amended, Building Code, and other regulations of the Board of County Commissioners of Garfield County, Colorado. ATTEST: ~M~ lerkofthe Board 1 GM'{RE_LD COUNTY BOARD OF bUNTY\COMMISSIONERS, ARFIEL COUNTY, COLORADO 1111 Jil~ .. m11r .'Ii~\\' ,Ni~~~,"~~•M 1~ t~~~nliYI. 11111 Reception~: 948041 01/04/2021 02:39:19 PM Jean Alberico 2 of 14 Rec Fee:$0.00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO Exhibit A (Project Site Plan -Updated per Minor Modification from Reception# 937007) ""'"" .,,._,,,,_, ........... , .. , . ...,, ..... ,,,~ ........ . _., ... ,... ..... ,v ........... ,., . 2 I • I , -~ t' <·i I ' i , I " .., :~ I 8 I 1111 ff1~ .. ~~.~•~.~~11'ff '~1'1~,L1M~'r:•l:'!i'lKTZ iii Iii II I Receptlonij: 948041 01/04/2021 02:39:19 PM Jean Alberico 3 of 14 Rec Fee:$0.00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO Exntbft B Conditions Prior to Issuance of Land Use Change Permit 1. The Applicant shall obtain a Notice to Proceed from COOT for the access to the site. The Notice to Proceed shall be provided to the Garfield County Community Development Department prior to issuance of the Land Use Change Permit. 2. The Applicant shall execute and record the access easement from River Frontage Road to the site. A copy of the executed and recorded access easement shall be provided to the Community Development Department prior to issuance of the Land Use Change Permit. 3. The Applicant shall provide an explanation of the improvements necessary and anticipated for the access road and access point on to River Frontage Road. This explanation shall be reviewed and accepted by the Garfield County Contract Engineer prior to issuance of the Land Use Change Permit. 4. The Applicant shall address increased runoff and drainage from the impervious areas created by the solar panels prior to issuance of the Land Use Change Permit. This analysis shall be reviewed and accepted by the Garfield County contract engineer prior to issuance of the Land Use Change Permit. Conditions of Approval 5. That all representations made by the Applicant in the application shall be conditions of approval, unless specifically altered by the Board of County Commissioners. 6. That the operation of the Clean Energy Collective -Solar Energy System, Large shall be done in accordance with all applicable Federal, State, and local regulations governing the operation of this type offacility. 7. The Applicant shall control fugitive dust during construction and operation of the site. 8. Signage around the perimeter of the facility warning of electrical shock must be installed. 9. The facility shall maintain compliance with Section 7-306 Lighting, with all lighting to be directed inward and downward toward the interior of the site. Facilities shall be painted a non-glare neutral color to lessen any visual impacts. 10. The Applicant shall comply with their Noxious Weed Management Plan including the best management practices. 3 1111 fl/~,1Ml"(j,~'l: Hll-~',ff.'ki:1~ ~,W.i'~IIV Mm i1Yi 111111 Receptiontt: 948041 01/04/2021 02:39:19 PM Jean Alberico 4 of 14 Rec Fee:$0.00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY co 11. The solar facility area shall be surrounded by an 8' high game fence as approved by Colorado Parks and Wildlife. 12. Raptor nest deterrent shall be installed on any perch where electrocution to raptors or other nesting birds could occur. 13. Once the facility is installed and online, the operator shall conduct a training of the emergency shutdown procedures with Colorado River Fire Rescue staff. 14. To control the potential for grass fires, the operator shall keep the grass trimmed to no higher than 8 inches within the fenced lease area at all times. 15. The operator shall post the address for the lease area, 35540 River Frontage Road, at the commencement of construction for the site. The address shall be prominently displayed at the entrance gate to the facility. 16. A fire department Knox Box or Knox Padlock shall be installed at the entrance to the gate for emergency access. 17. The access road shall be designed and constructed to the Standards outlined in Section 7-107 of the Land Use and Development Code. 18. The landscaping shall be watered throughout the first 2 years after installation. 4 1111 Wl~.-tr~Utirl.M\l~,~N' ~.111.Ml'II~~~ IWM~ iwi 11111 Reception~: 937007 I Exh1"b1"t C I 06/18/2020 03:44:23 PM Jean Alberico 1 of 10 Reo Fee:$0.00 Doo Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY co 1111 wi~ .. ronl(~M\~H/,l~WI~~ ~~ j~ ~ t:lnrllliw. 11111 Reception~: 948041 01/04/2021 02:39:19 PM Jean Alberico 5 of 14 Rec Fee:$0.00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO Garfield County June 8, 2020 Pivot Energy Luke Rickard 1750 15th Street, #400 Denver, CO 80202 DIRECTOR DETERMINATION -Request for a Minor Modification to an Approved Land Use Change Permit- Resolution No. 2016-54-File No. MPPA-04- 20-8786 Dear Mr. Rickard: This office has reviewed the request to amend the Land Use Change Perm,it conditional approval issued for a Solar Energy System, Large memorialized in Resolution 2016-54 (attached as Exhibit 1). The subject property is located at 35540 River Frontage Road, New Castle, CO 81647 and is currently owned by DB Solar LLC. The Assessor's Parcel Number is 217912200350. At this time the applk:ation has been conditionally approved by the Board of County Commissioners, but all conditions required prior to the issuance of the Land Use Change Permit have not been met. The requested amendment is to make technical and site plan changes as described in the attached letter, received on • June 1, 2020 (attached as Exhibit2). This includes changes regarding Nameplate Capacity Increases, Solar Module Selection, Electrical Equipment, Fencing, Access, and Inverter Housing. The applicant also included descriptions of equipment painting and equipment height, b1,1t no modification was requested with regards to either of these items. The equipment painting requirement is still subject to the Conditions of Approval as detailed in the Resolution. This Application has been reviewed in accordance with the Land Use and Development Code, Section 4-106 "Amendments to an Approved Land Use Change Permit'. The provisions of this Section provide for a Decision by the Director of the Community Development Department as to whether the proposed amendment is a Minor Modification or Substantial Modification. 1 11111 WJPJli: ~J.~r.v:w., .~11~11:,v,~lP•U iii 11111 1111 WJPJ!'m~ ril~'.,~p~R:'1111,'1' 11J:~1i"llil"1~ l'Mili 11111 ReceptJonU: 937~07 Receptionij: 948041 01/04/2021 02:39:19 PM Jean Alberico 06/18/2020 03:44:23 ~M Jean Alberico 2 of 10 Rec Fee:$0.00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFI~LD COUNTY co 6 of 14 Rec Fee:$0.00 Doc Fee:0,00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO Based on the criteria found in Section 4-106(C), the Director has found your amendment request to be a Minor Modification and has approved your requested amendment subject to the following conditions: 1. All representations of the Applicant contained in the Application submittals shall be conditions of approval unless specifically amended or modified by the conditions contained herein. 2. All previous conditions of approval contained in Resolution 2016-54 shall remain in full force and effect. 3. The Applicant shall maintain compliance with all standards as required by the Land Use and Development Code of 2013 and previous approvals. Please contact this department if you have any questions. Sincerely, I Bower, AICP or of Community Development Department 2 1111 r,;r.,p;,i;tif.1:1 rt"I~ I~ ~Ti1/~ ,'M.'M/i ~ ,~r iiwi II II I Reeeptlontt: 937007 06/18/2020 03:44123 PM Jean Alberioo 3 of 10 Rec Fee:$0.00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO EXHIBIT 1. 1111 W/1.J~••~•lr.:l~:I' 1I~·! l':,,.\ikl~IU1n• PJ.U:Mr~f.1 l!I,•l, 11111 ReceptionU: 881114 Oa/1612016 OS,3S,59 A11 Je= Albe,lco \JI fJ.11,IIH\U..'1,W.,L 11111 I or • Rco Foo,S0.00 Doc Fee,0.01J ORRFIE!.D COUNTY co 1111 ffll.1~,':,1',i,~I Mrut'l~W ,r Ill ■' .. 1'11111' l"I r,, raw, Reception~: 948041 STATE OF COLORADO ) )ss ) 01/04/2021 02:39:19 PM Jean Alberico 7 of 14 Rec Fee:$0.00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO Cowny of Garfield At a regular meeting of tho Board of County Commissioners for Garfield County, Colorado, held in the Commissioneis' Meeting Room, Garfield County Administrotion Building in Glenwood Springs on Monday, the 1st day of August A.D. 20!6, there were present: ,,_Jo,,,hn=M=•rt=in,_ ____________ __, Commissioner Chairman M=ik.,,e'"'S.,,a_.m .. s.,o"'n'-------------~Commissioner TAo,.m"'-"J.,.ank..,,,o,_,v,,sky,,_,__ ____________ ~, Commissioner _.T,.am,.,_·,_w,.,_,,il,..li..,am,_.s,,_ ___________ ~ County Allorney (absent) K.,,,,el,,_lyx...,,Ca,.v,ee'--------------~• Assistant County Allomey J,_,e,,.an,._,_,A..,lb,.,.e,_,ri,.co,,_ ___________ ~ Clerk of the Board (absent) K.,,,,evm,,·=B,,a,.,tc,.h,,,e,,ld,,,e,_r ___________ ~ County Manager when the following proceedings, among others were had and done, to-wit: RESOLUTION NO,df/,-5✓ A RESOLUTION OF APPROVAL FOR A LAND USE CHANGE PERMIT FOR A SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM, LARGE (MIPA-01-16-8415) OPERA TED BY CLEAN ENERGY COLLECTIVE, ON A 10 ACRE PORTION OF A LARGER 41.08 ACRE PROPERTY OWNED BY BRENT LEWJS PETERSON AND DENNIS IIANNJGAN, LOCATED AT 35540 RIVER FRONTAGE ROAD EAST OF THE TOWN OF SILT IN SECTION 12, TOWNSlllP 6 SOUTH, RANGE 92 WEST OF THE 6"11 1 PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN, GARFIELD COUNTY PARCEL NO#2179-122-00-350 Recitals A. The Board of County Commissioners of Garfield County, Colorado, ''Board" received a request for a Land Use Change Permit to allow a Solar Energy System, Large, as further described in Exhibit A, Sile Plan. B. The Solar Energy System, Large, known as the Peterson I Hannigan Community Solar Array, is located on ao approximately 10 acre portion o( a 41.08 acre parcel of land owned by Brent Lewis Peterson and Dennis Hannigan. C. The subject property is located within unincorporated Garfield County in the Rural zone district east of the Town of Silt off River Frontage Road and accessed by an approximately 380 foot private access road. 1 1111 W/~,11'Al(.l&i~~~~~~ffl'll~Ki'lirWIW,~ifiili 11111 Recepticn#: 948041 01/04/2021 02:39:19 PM Jean Alberico 8 of 14 Rec Fee:$0.00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO D. A Solar Energy System, Large may be permitted in the Rural zone district with a Major Impact Review. E. The Board is authorized lo approve, deny or approve with conditions a Major Impact application resulting in issuance of a Land Use Change Permit pursuant to the Garfield County Land Use and Development Code, as amended. F. The Planning Commission opened and closed a public hearing on the 8'h day of June, 20 [6 for consideration of whether the proposed Land Use Change Permit should be recommended for approval or denial, during which hearing the public and interested persons were given the opportunity to express their opinions regarding the request, At this hearing, the Planning Commission voted 8-0 to recommend that the Board of County Commissioners approve the Land Use Change Permit with conditions. G. The Board of County Commissioners opened a public hearing on the I" day of August, 20 l 6 for consideration of whether the proposed Land Use Change Permit should be granted or denied, during which bearing the public and interested persons were given the opportunity to express their opinions regarding the request. H. The Board of County Commissioners closed the public bearing on the l" day of August, 2016 to make a final decision. I. The Board on the basis of substantial competent evidence produced at the aforementioned hearing, has made the following determinations of fact: I. That proper public notice was provided as required for the hearing before the Board of County Commissioners. 2. The hearing before the Board of County Commissioners was extensive and complete, that all pertinent facts, matters and issues were submitted and that all interested parties were beard at that meeting. 3. That for the above slated and other reasons the proposed Land Use Change Pem1it for the Clean Energy Collective -Solar Energy System, Large is in the best interest of the health, safety, convenience, order, prosperity and welfare of the citizens of Garfield County. 4. That with the adoption of conditions, the application is in general conformance with the 2030 Comprehensive Plan, as amended. 5. Thal with the adoption of the Conditions of Approval the application bas adequately met the requirements of the Garfield County Land Use and Development Cade, as amended. 2 1111 rll~ .. ~~ )~J ~ NI~ '"~ 11~ II l~IIJ1' ~•,UiM ti 11111 ~ , ~:,~~P,}Jfo"~~' l'l~~0i. Jean Al bed cc ■RIii rl! ,It rff W:ll 1MI, MJJU,'~~~1~I1Jrnn ~ii't iii 11111 5 of 10 Rec Fee:$0,00 Doc Fee:C:Um GARFIELD COUNTY CO ecep J.on#: 948041 01/04/2021 02:39:19 PM Jean Alberico 9 of 14 Rec Fee:$0,00 Dec Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO 1111 w.1~i1P:1"ilri\ll"l~l~1.Ur~ll\l'm\,rlli.lll,,%t /~~i•i/, II fll Rece~tJontt: 881114 08/15/2G16 D8:3S:S9 A1'I JeM RlbarJco 3 of 6 Rec Feo:$0.00 Do: Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO RESOLUTION NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Board of County Commissioners of Garfield County, Colorado, that: A. Toe·forgoing Recitals are incorporated by this reference as part of the resolution. B. The Land Use Change Penn it fora Solar Energy System, Large, also known as the Peterson / Hannigan Community Solar Array is hereby approved subject to compliance with the following conditions: Conditions Prior to Issuance of Land Use Chnnge Permit I. The Applicant shall oblain a Notice to Proceed from CDOT for the access to the site. The Notice to Proceed shall be provided lo the Garfield County Community Development Department prior lo issuance of the Land Use Change Permit. 2. The Applicant shall execute aud record the access easement from River Frontage Road to the site. A copy of the executed and recorded access easement shall be provided to the Community Development Department prior to issuance of the Land Use Change Penni!. 3. The Applicant shall provide an explanation of the improvements necessary and anticipated for the access road and access point on to River Frontage Road. This explanation shall be reviewed and accepted by the Garfield County Contract Engineer prior to issuance of the Land Use Change Permit ✓ 4. The Applicant shall address increased runoff and drainage from the impervious areas created by the solar panels prior to issuance of the Land C IJ {2 f ,,;,,,v Use Change Penni!. This analysis shall be reviewed and accepted by the dc~e,, 'JI/(! Garfield Cou~ty contract engineer prior to issuance of the Land Use • , I' / Change Penmt. Conditions of Approval 5. That all representations made by the Applicant in the application shall be conditions of approval, unless specifically altered by the Board of Couoty Commissioners. 3 1111 rw.-~:11 ~"il"~~lltl llff ~~111!«. ~ ~~~Jl~.~l iYii 11111 1111 WJ~.-~~~.'11.m.WlC ~ 1:1/r\, k'il1'J 1'.'~1~1.•iYli 11111 Reception~: 948041 Reception~: 937007 06/18/2020 03:44:23 PM Jean Alberico 01/04/2021 02:39:19 PM Jean Alberico 10 or 14 Rec Fee:$0,00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO 6 of 10 Rec Fee1$0,00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO 6. That the operation ofthe Clean Energy Collective-Solar Energy System, Large shall be done in accordance wilh all applicable Federal, Stale, and local regulations governing the operation of this type of facilily. 7. The Applicant shall control fugitive dust during construction and operation of the site. 8. Signage arowid U1c perimeter of the facility warning of electrical shock must be installed. 9. The facility shall maintain compliance with Section 7-306 Lighting, with all lighting to be directed inward and doward toward !he interior of the site. Facilities shall be painted a non-glare neutral color lo lessen any visual impacts. 10. The Applicant shall comply with lbcir·Noxious Weed Management Plan including the best management practices. 1 I. The solar facility area shall be surrounded by an 8' high game fence as approved by Colorado Parks and Wildlife. 12. Rapier nest deterrent shall be installed on any perch where electrocution to raptors or other nesting birds could occur. 13. Once the facility is installed and online, the operator shall conduct a training of the emergency shutdown procedures with Colorado River Fire Rescue staff. 14, To control the potential for grass fires, the operator shall keep the grnss trimmed to no higher than 8 inches within the fenced lease area ar all times. 15. The operator shall post the address for the lease area, 35540 River Frontage Road, at the commencemenl of construction for the site. The address shall be prominently displayed at the entrance gate to the facility. 16. A fire department Knox Dax or Knox Padlock shall be installed at the entrance to the gate for emergency access. 17. The access road shall be designed and conslruclcd lo the Standards outlined in Section 7-107 of the Land Use and Development Code. 18. The landscaping shall be watered throughout the first 2 years after 4 1111 r11, .. ,,mrtJ Ml\/ill,lfflW~ 1M~1j !,1'1Ur1~-., 111 Reception#: 837007 06/18/2020 03:44:23 PM Jean Alberico 7 of 10 Rec Fee:$0,00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY Co 1111 rw .. ~~")~ "1'11!1r!r 11~N'l'~1i1.1,~ ,1,1 1~ivi 11111 Reception#: 948041 01/04/2021 02:39:19 PM Jean Alberico 11 of 14 Rec Fee:$0.00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO 1111 w,1i;,~\"ifMi1,:i:1~.tK\11l~l~UUl'UIJ!1rJ.'11ii!, 11111 Recepti~nU: 881114 CB/1612016 08:3S159 ~--'l Jean Altlarlec:i 5 of 6 Rea FeoiS0.00 Oo:;i Fee:0.00 Glt'iFIELO CCL!:ITY co inslallation. Daled this /.5.}h day of -~ , A.D. 20~1\R~-- ATTEST: BOARD OF GARFIELD Upon motion duly made and seconded the following vote: was adopte by !be =CO=MMI==S=SI=O~NE=R~C=H~Affi=J~O=HN~F-=MA=R~T=IN~------~• Aye =CO=MMI==S=S=IO=NE=R~MIKE=~S~AM=S=O~N~---------~ Aye =C=OMMI==S=S=I=O~NE=R~T=O=M~J~A=NK=O~V=S=K=Y~--------~• Aye STATEOFCOLORADO ) )ss County of Garfield ) I,-~~--~-~-~~~ County Clerk and e,c-officio Clerk of the Board of County Commissioners, in and for lhc County and State aforesaid, do hereby certify that the anne,ccd and foregoing Resolution is truly copied from the Records of the Proceeding of the Board of County Commissioners for said Garfield County, now in my office. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and affo:ed lhe seal of said County, at Glenwood Springs, this __ day of ______ ~ A.D. 20 __ . County Clerk and e>e-officio Clerk of the Board of County Commissioners 5 ■111 fflrJn1Yii;1,Pfi, 1~11:w 11:,, ~ ~: ,f~L+l4r~:&ivt 11111 Recept.lontt: 937007 i,.., ~6/18/2020 03:44:23 PM Jean Alborlco --• ' 8 or 10 Rec Fee,S0,00 Dec Fee,0,00 GARFIELD COUNTY co 1111 JIJ~J~i,'11!'1'11~11J1r,1r,1~:~1~/l'J~:hlkit'Miili 11111 Receptiontt: 948041 01/04/2021 02:39:19 PM Jean Alberico 12 of 14 Rec Fee:$0.00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO EXHIBIT A SITE PLAN dll•~•P'X 6 j1'&7i/. Pivot ~al Energy June 1, 2020 1111 IIJr.i~ll,~ Ml,'r,N,f l'Xilt:111\ ii:l.fiAI VI U~Y.i ~ 11111 Reception~: 937007 06/18/2020 03:44:23 PM Jean Alberico 9 of 10 Rec Fee:$0.00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO EXHIBIT z_ Mr. Patrick Waller, Senior Planner Garfield County Community Development 108 8th Street, Suite 401 1111 mr.,~~,~~\ M,~c w:~1w11.1~,ri' ~IM'rl~,il't 11111 Reception»: 948041 Glenwood Springs, CO 81601 01/04/2021 02:39:19 PM Jean Alberico 13 of 14 Rec Fee:$0.00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO RE: Request for Minor Modification to Land Use Change Permit (Major Impact), Parcel ID# 2179-122-00-350 Dear Mr. Waller: Pivot Energy (Pivot) hereby requests that the Garfield County Community Development Director and Staff review and approve our request for a finding of Minor Modification to the Land Use Change Permit for a Solar Energy System on Parcel 2179-122-00-350, as granted under Resolution 2016-54 and subsequently amended or extended under Resolutions 2017-38 and 2019-31. We believe that this Minor Modification request meets all the necessary criteria outlined in Garfield County Code 4-106(C). Explanation of Modifications The modifications proposed by Pivot will result in a Solar Energy System that is materially and functionally comparable to the originally approved project. The primary factor behind the changes is that, whereas the original project was designed to accommodate a single Xcel Energy Solar•Rewards Community (S"RC) project award on the site, Pivot plans to co-locate two s•RC awards on the same site. These projects are identified as the Min Solar 5 LLC (SRC# and the CO However due to improvements in solar module efficiency, this will be accomplished within the 10-acre footprint originally approved for the projects. The primary technical differences are outlined below: 1. Nameplate Capacity Increase: the original submission package detailed a solar project with a nominal 1- megawatt (AC) generation capacity at the inverters. The revised plans to which Pivot is planning to build call for a combined nameplate capacity of 1.35-megawatts (AC) at the inverters across the two solar arrays shown on the attached plans. Each project award may have a generation capacity of up to 1 megawatt (DC) each, for a combined maximum total of 2-megawatts (DC). 2. Solar Module Selection: the original submission package called for the installation of approximately 10,620 solar modules rated at 110 watts each. Pivot's design includes a total of approximately 5,000 solar modules rated at 360 watts each. The higher wattage rating allows us to achieve an increase in generation capacity while remaining within the overall project footprint of 10 acres and installing fewer solar modules. Pivot is also proposing to install polysilicon solar modules instead of the thin film solar modules originally represented. Polysilicon modules are the industry standard selection and are preferred to thin film products due to their ease of installation and more environmentally-friendly components. Please note that the final wattage classification of the modules is subject to market availability at time of construction. 3. Electrical Eguipment: because we are siting two s•RC awards onsite. Xcel requirements dictate that each award have separate and unique locations for electrical equipment such as the utility transformers, facility switchgear and so on. This will result in the construction of an extra concrete pad on site to house the equipment. The electrical equipment itself will be as originally conceived. 4. Fencing and Access: operational standards require us to fence each s•Rc award separately. As shown on the attached plans, this will result in each electrical equipment pad being accessed by a dedicated gate with a delineating fence between the two associated solar arrays. The fence will remain the same as originally approved (8 ft game fence) and shared street access will be taken along a common easement leading from the same single access point off River Frontage Road as previously represented. In order to accommodate the separate access requirements, the access driveway will be approximately 120 feet longer than previously considered. 5. Inverter Housing: The original application showed a typical 'housing" that would be constructed over the inverters with a roof and open sides. The inverters that we are proposing are different in a couple of ways. Firstly, they are smaller and instead of occupying a central point in the array architecture they may be distributed across the electrical system in a more modular fashion; for example, they may be mounted on the end of the tracking rows. Secondly, all inverters are NEMA-rated for outdoor use and the additional structure is unnecessary. Our plans do not contemplate the construction of custom-made inverter housing. pivotenergy.net ~~Pivot ~dif Energy 111111!~.,w~tH~ ~,t lir,~R'ii:11~1/IJI~ iii~~~' II 111 Reception": 937007 06/18/2020 03:44:23 PM Jean AlberlcD 10 of 10 Rec Fee:$0.00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO 6. Equipment Painting: Condition 9 requires all equipment to be painted a non-glare neutral color. To clarify, all electrical equipment will be sourced from reliable electrical component suppliers. The equipment on the pad will be of standard utility grade and rated for outdoor installation and use. As such, these ttems are supplied from the manufacturer with finish colors of gray or green that are commonly seen on outdoor electrical equipment. We believe that the standard electrical equipment finish will meet this condition and are not planning to re-paint these items after installation. 7. Relative Equipment Heights: Definitive values for the proposed height of electrical equipment are not readily available upon review; however, we believe that there will be little difference in equipment elevations above finish grade. As shown on the plans, the height of the solar array rows will be approximately 5 feet when flat; at maximum tilt (early morning or late afternoon), the highest point of the solar panel will be approximately 8 feet. Elevation of pad-mounted electrical equipment will be approximately 8 feet. These dimensions are typical for the use and are not expected to be a significant departure from the original proposal. The balance of Pivot's proposed installation is functionally the same as that which was originally proposed. The project will still track the sun from east to west throughout the day; the rows within the solar array will still be oriented north to south; and the project will still occupy the same corner of the lot as originally approved. As shown on the plans, the total area within the perimeter fence will not exceed 10 acres. The proposed equipment will meet all applicable utility, State and Federal operational standards and regulations. When viewed from the street, the Pivot facility will be essentially indistinguishable from the originally proposed project. Statement of Compliance Except where changes discussed above may differ from the technical representations made at the original time of application, Pivot is not seeking relief from any of the original Conditions of Approval listed under Resolution 2016- 54. The project will comply with all applicable Conditions of Approval. Construction and operation of this Solar Energy System will be conducted in accordance wtth all applicable Federal, State and local regulations. We trust that Garfield County Community Development will agree that these design changes qualify as a Minor Modification to the approved Land Use Permit for this project. It is our intention to quickly move to complete any outstanding prior conditions and commence construction on this project in the very near future. We look forward to continued discussions with your office on this topic and stand ready to provide any additional information that would aid in your review and determination. Sincerely, LUKE RICKARD I Director, Project Development lrickard@pivotenergy.net D 970.819.2252 Enclosures: 1. Vicinity Map and Site Plan (dated 04.15.2020) 2. Copies of Resolutions 2016-54, 2017-38 and 2019-31 3. Signed Application Form 4. Signed Payment Agreement Form 5. Signed Certification of Mineral Ownership 6. Signed Statement of Authority for DB Solar LLC 7. Signed Authorization Letter from DB Solar LLC pivotenergy.net 1111 ~~_;ti,iv;tal!L ~1~ N<ON!G~l,\iJh'P\.~Jvl'iiw. 11111 Recept.iont:i: 928911 . 12/02/2019 12:53:25 PM Jean Alberico 1 of 2 Rec Fee:$18.00 Doc Fee:0.00 GARFIELD COUNTY CO BARGAIN AND SALE DEED KNOW ALL BY THESE PRESENTS, That BRENT LEWIS PETERSON and DENNIS JAMES HANNIGAN (whether one, or more than one), the "Grantor," whose legal address is P.O. BOX 965, NEW CASTLE, COLORADO 81647, of the Connty of Garfield and State of Colorado, for the consideration of the sum of TEN DOLLARS, ($10.00), in hand paid, hereby sells and conveys to DB SOLAR, LLC, a Colorado limited liability company (whether one, or more than one), the "Grantee," whose legal address is 35960 River Frontage Road, New Castle, Colorado 8164 7, of the Connty of Garfield and State of Colorado, the following real property situate in the Connty of Garfield and State of Colorado, to wit: SEE EXHIBIT A ATTACHED HERETO AND INCORPORATED HEREIN BY TIDS REFERENCE also known by street address as: 35540 River Frontage Road, New Castle, Colorado 81647 and assessor's scbednle or parcel nnmber: 217912200350 With all appurtenances. Signed this \ ~ day of November, 2019. ~~~~a STATEOF1-€;W,S Conntyof'hal laS ) ) ss. ) ~~&~~~-=--~ BRENTLEWlSPEIBRSON --- The foregoing instrument HANNIGAN. day of November, 2019, by DENNIS JAMES STATE OF COLORADO ) Connty of Garfield -1-)J The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me thisd (, day PETERSON. ) ss. ) Witness my band , <!~fimGlil\ A. CORDOVA My commission-ires:-'-lN'ilJ'AR'iOPVBUC • • .. STATE OF COLORADO NOT~Y ID #20054015481 • ._ My Commislion Expires April 18, 2021 of November, 2019, by BRENT LEWIS Nam~ ~d A~dress of Person Creating Newly Created Legal Description (§38-35-106.5, C.RS.)_ . No. 901. Rev. 1-06. BARGAIN AND SALE DEED (Page I of2) r 1111 r,J~.,1H1!rAlrt1J~ riW r,:,r,1~,~~~l~1nlil. ~~liwi 11111 Reception~: 928911 12/02/2019 12:53:25 POMO JeaFn ~Olbeo'olcG~RFIELD COUNTY CO 2 of 2 Rec Fee:$18.0 oc ee .. EXHIBIT A TO BARGAIN AND SALE DEED A TRACT OF LAND IN SECTION 11 AND 12, TOWNSHIP 6 SOUTH, RANGE 92 WEST OF THE SIXTH PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN, MORE PARTICULARLY DESCRJBED AS BEGINNING AT THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF LOT 2 OF SECTION 12; THENCE SOUTH ALONG THE EAST LINE OF SAID LOT 2 AS EXTENDED SOUTHERLY TO THE NORTH BANK OF THE COLORADO RIVER; THENCE ALONG THE NORTHERLY BANK OF THE COLORADO RlVER TO THE INTERSECTION OF SAID BANK WITH THE WEST LINE OF LOT 1 OF SAID SECTION EXTENDED SOUTHERLY. THENCE NORTHERLY ALONG THE WEST LINE OF SAID LOT 1, SECTION 11 AS EXTENDED SOUTHERLY TO THE SOUTHWEST CORNER OF SAID LOT 1. IT IS THE INTENT AND PURPOSE OF THIS CONVEYANCE TO COVER ALL MEANDERED LAND BETWEEN THE NORTHERLY BANK OF THE COLORADO RIVER AND LOT 1 OF SECTION 11, THE NWl/4NW1/4 AND LOT 2 OF SECTION 12, TOWNSHIP 6 SOUTH, RANGE 92 WEST OF THE SIXTH PRINCPAL MERJDIAN. AND ALSO LOT2 OF SECTION 12, AND THAT PART OF LOT 1 OF SECTION 11, NW1/4NWl/4 AND NEl/4NWl/4 OF SECTION 12 LYING SOUTH OF THE NORTH LINE OF THE RJGHT-OFWAY FOR U.S. HIGHWAY 6 AND 24, ALL IN TOWNSHIP 6 SOUTH, RANGE 92 WEST OF THE SIXTH PRINGPAL MERJDIAN. TOGETHER WITH ANY AND ALL DITCH AND WATER RJGHTS BELONGING TO OR USED UPON OR IN CONNECTION WITH SAID LANDS, INCLUDING BUT NOT EXCLUSIVELY, AN AMOUNT OF WATER REPRESENTED BY THREE SHARES OF THE CAPITAL STOCK IN THE GRAND RIVER DITCH COMPANY, AND ALSO TOGETHER WITH ALL GRAZING RIGHTS UPON PUBLIC DOMAIN HELD IN CONNECTION WITH SAID LANDS. EXCEPTING FROM ALL OR ANY OF THE ABOVE DESCRJBED TRACTS THE FOLLOWING: I. A DEED FROM JOHN L. PETERSON AND MILDRED A. PETERSON TO UNITED STATES OF AMERICA RECORDED APRJL 12, 1965 AT RECEPTION NO. 229383, IN BOOK 365, AT PAGE 181 OF THE GARFIELD COUNTY RECORDS, SUBJECT, HOWEVER, TO A CORRECTION OF THE AFORESAID DEED BY CROSS QUIT CLAIM DEEDS BETWEEN THE ABOVE PARTIES RECORDED APRJL 3, 1981, AS RECEPTION NO. 313482, IN BOOK 568, AT PAGE 754 AND AT RECEPTION NO. 313483, IN BOOK 568, AT PAGE 756 OF THE GARFIELD COUNTY RECORDS; AND 2. A CONVEYANCE BY RULE AND ORDER FROM THE GARFIELD COUNTY DISTRICT COURT IN CASE NO. 6663, RECORDED IN THE GARFIELD COUNTY RECORDS AS RECEPTION NO. 253501, IN BOOK 430, AT PAGE 124; AND 3. A WARRANTY DEED TO GEORGE F. FIELDS AND JAMES M. FIELDS RECORDED JANUARY I 0. 1980 AT RECEPTION NO. 300822, IN BOOK 542 AT PAGE 135 OF THE GARFIELD COUNTY RECORDS, SUBJECT TO A RESERVED RJGHT BY GRANTOR FOR DITCH MAINTENANCE. No. 901. Rev. 1-06. BARGAIN AND SALE DEED (Page 2 of2) Customer Distribution Prevent fraud - Please call a member of our closing team for wire transfer instructions or to initiate a wire transfer. Note that our wiring instructions will never change. Order Number: RND63020899-4 Date: 05/11/2026 Property Address: PS 63 DB SOLAR LLC PHASE 2, NEW CASTLE, CO 81647 For Closing Assistance For Title Assistance GEORGE RIETSCH 5975 GREENWOOD PLAZA BLVD GREENWOOD VILLAGE, CO 80111 (303) 850-4141 (Work) grietsch@ltgc.com Company License: CO44565 Buyer/Borrower PIVOT ENERGY Attention: JON CIRA 1601 WEWATTA ST., #700 DENVER, CO 80202 jcira@pivotenergy.net kperron@pivotenergy.net Delivered via: Electronic Mail Agent for Seller PIVOT ENERGY Attention: KYLE SUNDMAN 1750 15TH ST SUITE 400 DENVER, CO 80202 (719) 233-4322 (Cell) ksundman@pivotenergy.net Delivered via: Electronic Mail Seller/Owner PIVOT ENERGY Attention: BRADLEY THOMAS 1601 WEWATTA ST., #700 DENVER, CO 80202 bradley.thomas@pivotenergy.net Delivered via: Electronic Mail SALES REP FOR SOLAR PROJECTS LAND TITLE GUARANTEE COMPANY Attention: RYAN MELCHIOR 3033 EAST FIRST AVENUE, SUITE 600 DENVER, CO 80206 (303) 321-1880 (Work) (303) 393-4912 (Work Fax) rmelchior@ltgc.com Delivered via: Electronic Mail ~ Land Title· GUARANTEE COMPANY -Since 1967 - Estimate of Title Fees Order Number: RND63020899-4 Date: 05/11/2026 Property Address: PS 63 DB SOLAR LLC PHASE 2, NEW CASTLE, CO 81647 Seller(s): PIVOT ENERGY DEVELOPMENT LLC, A COLORADO LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY Buyer(s): PIVOT SOLAR 63, A DELAWARE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY Thank you for putting your trust in Land Title. Below is the estimate of title fees for the transaction. The final fees will be collected at closing. Visit ltgc.com to learn more about Land Title. Estimate of Title Insurance Fees "ALTA" Owner's Policy 07-30-21 - Endrsmt. 13 Leasehold Owners X 4 HRS TBD Endorsement ALTA 36 $0.00 TBD - TBD Income $-805.00 TOTAL TBD Note: The documents linked in this commitment should be reviewed carefully. These documents, such as covenants conditions and restrictions, may affect the title, ownership and use of the property. You may wish to engage legal assistance in order to fully understand and be aware of the implications of the documents on your property. Chain of Title Documents: Garfield county recorded 07/31/2023 under reception no. 988205 ~ Land Title· GUARANTEE COMPANY -Since 1967 - Property Address: PS 63 DB SOLAR LLC PHASE 2, NEW CASTLE, CO 81647 1.Commitment Date: 04/17/2026 at 5:00 P.M. 2.Policy to be Issued and Proposed Insured: "ALTA" Owner's Policy 07-30-21 - Endrsmt. 13 Leasehold Owners X 4 HRS Proposed Insured: PIVOT SOLAR 63, A DELAWARE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY TBD 3.The estate or interest in the land described or referred to in this Commitment and covered herein is: A LEASEHOLD AS CREATED BY THAT CERTAIN LEASE DATED JULY 14, 2023, EXECUTED BY DB SOLAR, LLC, A COLORADO LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AS OWNER AND PIVOT ENERGY DEVELOPMENT LLC, A COLORADO LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AS COMPANY AS REFERENCED IN THE DOCUMENT ENTITLED, "MEMORANDUM OF LEASE", WHICH WAS RECORDED JULY 31, 2023, UNDER RECEPTION NO. 988205, AND THE ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION AGREEMENT, BY AND BETWEEN PIVOT ENERGY DEVELOPMENT LLC, A COLORADO LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AS ASSIGNOR AND PIVOT SOLAR 63 LLC, A DELAWARE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AS ASSIGNEE, RECORDED ______ __, 2025, UNDER RECEPTION NO. ______, FOR THE TERM AND UPON AND SUBJECT TO ALL PROVISIONS CONTAINED IN SAID DOCUMENT AND IN SAID LEASE. 4.The Title is, at the Commitment Date, vested in: PIVOT ENERGY DEVELOPMENT LLC, A COLORADO LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY 5.The Land is described as follows: *************************************************************** NOTE: THE FOLLOWING LEGAL DESCRIPTION IS PRELIMINARY AND IS SUBJECT TO CHANGE UPON COMPLIANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS UNDER SCHEDULE B-1, HEREIN. *************************************************************** THAT PART OF THE SOUTHEAST QUARTER OF THE SOUTHEAST QUARTER (SE1/4SE1/4) OF SECTION ONE (1), AND OF LOTS ONE (1) AND THREE (3), AND THE NORTHWEST QUARTER OF THE NORTHEAST QUARTER (NW1/4NE1/4) OF SECTION TWELVE (12), ALL IN TP. 6 S., R. 92 W., 6TH P.M., LYING SOUTH OF THE RIGHT-OF-WAY OF THE DENVER & RIO GRANDE WESTERN RAILROAD AND EAST OF A NORTH AND SOUTH LINE DRAWN THROUGH SAID LOT THREE (3) AND THE NORTHWEST QUARTER OF THE NORTHEAST QUARTER (NW1/4NE1/4) OF SAID SEC. 12, 1449 FEET WEST OF THE EAST LINE OF SAID SECTION AND ALSO ALL THAT PORTION OF THE NORTHWEST QUARTER OF THE NORTHEAST QUARTER (NW1/4NE1/4), AND LOT THREE (3) OF SECTION TWELVE (12), TP. 6 S., R. 92 W., 6TH P.M., LYING BETWEEN THE RIGHT-OF-WAY OF THE RIO GRANDE JUNCTION RAILROAD AND THE NORTH MEANDER LINE OF THE GRAND RIVER AND WEST OF A NORTH AND SOUTH LINE 1449 FEET WEST FROM THE EAST LINE OF SAID SECTION 12. TOGETHER WITH THE ROADWAY USED IN CONNECTION WITH SAID LAND AS DESCRIBED INSTRUMENT RECORDED IN BOOK 88 AT PAGE 87 OF THE RECORDS OF GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO AND ALSO A TRACT OF LAND IN SECTION 11 AND 12, TOWNSHIP 6 SOUTH, RANGE 92 WEST OF THE SIXTH PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN, MORE PARTICULARLY DESCRIBED AS BEGINNING AT THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF LOT 2 OF SECTION 12; ALTA COMMITMENT Old Republic National Title Insurance Company Schedule A Order Number:RND63020899-4 This page is only a part of a 2021 ALTA® Commitment for Title Insurance. This Commitment is not valid without the Notice; the Commitment to Issue Policy; the Commitment Conditions; Schedule A; Schedule B, Part I—Requirements; Schedule B, Part II—Exceptions; and a counter-signature by the Company or its issuing agent that may be in electronic form. Copyright 2021 American Land Title Association. All rights reserved. The use of this Form is restricted to ALTA licensees and ALTA members in good standing as of the date of use. All other uses are prohibited. Reprinted under license from the American Land Title Association. THENCE SOUTH ALONG THE EAST LINE OF SAID LOT 2 AS EXTENDED SOUTHERLY TO THE NORTH BANK OF THE COLORADO RIVER; THENCE ALONG THE NORTHERLY BANK OF THE COLORADO RIVER TO THE INTERSECTION OF SAID BANK WITH THE WEST LINE OF LOT 1 OF SAID SECTION EXTENDED SOUTHERLY, THENCE NORTHERLY ALONG THE WEST LINE LOT 1, SECTION 11 AS EXTENDED SOUTHERLY TO THE SOUTHWEST CORNER OF SAID LOT 1. IT IS THE INTENT AND PURPOSE OF THIS CONVEYANCE TO COVER ALL MEANDERED LAND BETWEEN THE NORTHERLY BANK OF THE COLORADO RIVER AND LOT 1 OF SECTION 11, THE NW1/4NW1/4 AND LOT 2 OF SECTION 12, TOWNSHIP 6 SOUTH, RANGE 92 WEST OF THE SIXTH PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN AND ALSO LOT 2 OF SECTION 12, AND THAT PART OF LOT 1 OF SECTION 11, NW1/4NW1/4 ANDNE1/4NW1/4 OF SECTION 12 LYING SOUTH OF THE NORTH LINE OF THE RIGHT-OF-WAY FOR U.S HIGHWAY 6 AND 24, ALL IN TOWNSHIP 6 SOUTH, RANGE 92 WEST OF THE SIXTH PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN. TOGETHER WITH THE PROPERTY DESCRIBED IN THE DEED RECORDED FEBRUARY 1, 2010 AT RECEPTION NO. 781377. EXCEPTING FROM ALL OR ANY OF THE ABOVE DESCRIBED TRACTS THE FOLLOWING: 1. A DEED FROM JOHN L. PETERSON AND MILDRED A. PETERSON TO UNITED STATES OF AMERICA RECORDED APRIL 12, 1965 AT RECEPTION NO. 229383, IN BOOK 365 AT PAGE 181 OF THE GARFIELD COUNTY RECORDS, SUBJECT, HOWEVER, TO A CORRECTION OF THE AFORESAID DEED BY CROSS QUIT CLAIM DEEDS BETWEEN THE ABOVE PARTIES RECORDED APRIL 3, 1981, AT RECEPTION NO. 313482, IN BOOK 568 AT PAGE 754 AND APRIL 3, 1981 AT RECEPTION NO. 313483, IN BOOK 568 AT PAGE 756 OF THE GARFIELD COUNTY RECORDS; AND 2. A CONVEYANCE BY RULE AND ORDER FROM THE GARFIELD COUNTY DISTRICT COURT IN CASE NO. 253501, APRIL 28, 1972 AT RECEPTION NO. 253501 IN BOOK 430 AT PAGE 124; AND 3. A WARRANTY DEED TO GEORGE F. FIELDS AND JAMES M. FIELDS RECORDED JANUARY 10, 1980 AT RECEPTION NO. 300822, IN BOOK 542 AT PAGE 135 OF THE GARFIELD COUNTY RECORDS, SUBJECT TO A RESERVED RIGHT BY GRANTOR FOR DITCH MAINTENANCE. AND FURTHER EXCEPTING THE PROPERTY DESCRIBED IN DEED RECORDED FEBRUARY 1, 2010 AT RECEPTION NO. 781378. COUNTY OF GARFIELD, STATE OF COLORADO. ALTA COMMITMENT Old Republic National Title Insurance Company Schedule A Order Number:RND63020899-4 AMERICAN LAND TITLE ASSOCIATION ALTA COMMITMENT Old Republic National Title Insurance Company Schedule B, Part I (Requirements) Order Number: RND63020899-4 All of the following Requirements must be met: This proposed Insured must notify the Company in writing of the name of any party not referred to in this Commitment who will obtain an interest in the Land or who will make a loan on the Land. The Company may then make additional Requirements or Exceptions. Pay the agreed amount for the estate or interest to be insured. Pay the premiums, fees, and charges for the Policy to the Company. Documents satisfactory to the Company that convey the Title or create the Mortgage to be insured, or both, must be properly authorized, executed, delivered, and recorded in the Public Records. The following will be required should the Company be requested to issue a future commitment to insure: (THIS ITEM WAS INTENTIONALLY DELETED) 1.(THIS ITEM WAS INTENTIONALLY DELETED) 2.(THIS ITEM WAS INTENTIONALLY DELETED) 3.(THIS ITEM WAS INTENTIONALLY DELETED) 4.PROVIDE LAND TITLE GUARANTEE COMPANY WITH A FULL COPY OF THE LEASE TO BE INSURED, TOGETHER WITH ANY AND ALL AMENDMENTS THERETO AND ASSIGNMENTS THEREOF. NOTE: ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND/OR EXCEPTIONS MAY BE ADDED AFTER THE REVIEW OF SAID LEASE. 5.LAND TITLE GUARANTEE COMPANY REQUIRES AN ACCURATE LEGAL DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED FOR REVIEW AND APPROVAL. UPON FURTHER REVIEW THE COMPANY HEREBY RESERVES THE RIGHT TO INSERT ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND/OR EXCEPTIONS AS MAY BE NECESSARY. 6.ASSIGNMENT AND ASSUMPTION OF LEASE AGREEMENT BY AND BETWEEN PIVOT ENERGY DEVELOPMENT LLC, A COLORADO LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY, ASSIGNOR, AND PIVOT SOLAR 63 LLC, A DELAWARE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY, ASSIGNEE AS TO THE SUBJECT PROPERTY. 7.A FULL COPY OF THE FULLY EXECUTED OPERATING AGREEMENT AND ANY AND ALL AMENDMENTS THERETO FOR PIVOT SOLAR 63, A DELAWARE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY MUST BE FURNISHED TO LAND TITLE GUARANTEE COMPANY. SAID AGREEMENT MUST DISCLOSE WHO MAY CONVEY, ACQUIRE, ENCUMBER, LEASE OR OTHERWISE DEAL WITH INTERESTS IN REAL PROPERTY FOR SAID ENTITY. NOTE: ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS MAY BE NECESSARY UPON REVIEW OF THIS DOCUMENTATION. 8.DULY EXECUTED AND ACKNOWLEDGED STATEMENT OF AUTHORITY SETTING FORTH THE NAME OF PIVOT SOLAR 63, A DELAWARE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY. THE STATEMENT OF AUTHORITY MUST STATE UNDER WHICH LAWS THE ENTITY WAS CREATED, THE MAILING ADDRESS OF THE ENTITY, AND THE NAME AND POSITION OF THE PERSON(S) AUTHORIZED TO EXECUTE INSTRUMENTS CONVEYING, ENCUMBERING, OR OTHERWISE AFFECTING TITLE TO REAL PROPERTY ON BEHALF OF THE ENTITY AND OTHERWISE COMPLYING WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 38-30-172, CRS. NOTE: THE STATEMENT OF AUTHORITY MUST BE RECORDED WITH THE CLERK AND RECORDER. 9.DULY EXECUTED AND ACKNOWLEDGED STATEMENT OF AUTHORITY SETTING FORTH THE NAME OF PIVOT ENERGY DEVELOPMENT, LLC, A COLORADO LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY. THE STATEMENT OF AUTHORITY MUST STATE UNDER WHICH LAWS THE ENTITY WAS CREATED, THE MAILING ADDRESS OF THE ENTITY, AND THE NAME AND POSITION OF THE PERSON(S) AUTHORIZED TO EXECUTE INSTRUMENTS CONVEYING, ENCUMBERING, OR OTHERWISE AFFECTING TITLE TO REAL PROPERTY ON BEHALF OF THE ENTITY AND OTHERWISE COMPLYING WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 38-30- 172, CRS. NOTE: THE STATEMENT OF AUTHORITY MUST BE RECORDED WITH THE CLERK AND RECORDER. NOTE: THE ISSUANCE OF THE POLICIES AND/OR ENDORSEMENTS REFERENCED IN THIS COMMITMENT ARE SUBJECT TO THE APPROVAL OF THE UNDERWRITER OF SAID POLICIES AND/OR ENDORSEMENTS. THIS COMMITMENT MAY BE REVISED AS REQUIRED BY THE UNDERWRITER TO ISSUE THE POLICIES AND/OR ENDORSEMENTS REQUESTED. THIS NOTE WILL BE DELETED UPON THE RECEIPT OF SAID APPROVAL. ALTA COMMITMENT Old Republic National Title Insurance Company Schedule B, Part I (Requirements) Order Number: RND63020899-4 All of the following Requirements must be met: Some historical land records contain Discriminatory Covenants that are illegal and unenforceable by law. This Commitment and the Policy treat any Discriminatory Covenant in a document referenced in Schedule B as if each Discriminatory Covenant is redacted, repudiated, removed, and not republished or recirculated. Only the remaining provisions of the document will be excepted from coverage. 1.Any facts, rights, interests, or claims thereof, not shown by the Public Records but that could be ascertained by an inspection of the Land or that may be asserted by persons in possession of the Land. 2.Easements, liens or encumbrances, or claims thereof, not shown by the Public Records. 3.Any encroachment, encumbrance, violation, variation, or adverse circumstance affecting the Title that would be disclosed by an accurate and complete land survey of the Land and not shown by the Public Records. 4.Any lien, or right to a lien, for services, labor or material heretofore or hereafter furnished, imposed by law and not shown by the Public Records. 5.Defects, liens, encumbrances, adverse claims or other matters, if any, created, first appearing in the public records or attaching subsequent to the effective date hereof but prior to the date of the proposed insured acquires of record for value the estate or interest or mortgage thereon covered by this Commitment. 6.(a) Taxes or assessments that are not shown as existing liens by the records of any taxing authority that levies taxes or assessments on real property or by the Public Records; (b) proceedings by a public agency that may result in taxes or assessments, or notices of such proceedings, whether or not shown by the records of such agency or by the Public Records. 7.(a) Unpatented mining claims; (b) reservations or exceptions in patents or in Acts authorizing the issuance thereof; (c) water rights, claims or title to water. 8.EXISTING LEASES AND TENANCIES. 9.RIGHT OF THE PROPRIETOR OF A VEIN OR LODE TO EXTRACT AND REMOVE HIS ORE THEREFROM, SHOULD THE SAME BE FOUND TO PENETRATE OR INTERSECT THE PREMISES HEREBY GRANTED, AND A RIGHT OF WAY FOR DITCHES OR CANALS CONSTRUCTED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE UNITED STATES, AS RESERVED IN UNITED STATES PATENT RECORDED FEBRUARY 27, 1923 UNDER RECEPTION NO. 81889. 10.TERMS, CONDITIONS, PROVISIONS, BURDENS, OBLIGATIONS AND EASEMENTS AS SET FORTH AND GRANTED IN AGREEMENT RECORDED JANUARY 10, 1912 UNDER RECEPTION NO. 43502. 11.AN UNDIVIDED ONE HALF INTEREST IN ALL OIL AND GAS TOGETHER WITH A RIGHT OF ENTRY AS RESERVED IN INSTRUMENT RECORDED MARCH 10, 1953 AT RECEPTION NO. 181956, ANY AND ALL ASSIGNMENTS THEREOF OR INTERESTS THEREIN. 12.AN UNDIVIDED ONE FOURTH INTEREST IN ALL OIL, GAS AND MINERALS AS RESERVED IN INSTRUMENT RECORDED MARCH 25, 1954 AT RECEPTION NO. 185391, ANY AND ALL ASSIGNMENTS THEREOF OR INTERESTS THEREIN. ALTA COMMITMENT Old Republic National Title Insurance Company Schedule B, Part II (Exceptions) Order Number: RND63020899-4 13.RESERVATION OF SEVEN EIGHTHS (7/8) OF ALL OIL, GAS AND OTHER MINERALS AS CONTAINED IN INSTRUMENT RECORDED FEBRUARY 20, 1956 AT RECEPTION NO. 193123, ANY AND ALL ASSIGNMENTS THEREOF OR INTERESTS THEREIN. CORRECTION DEED RECORDED JULY 12, 1963 UNDER RECEPTION NO. 222111, IN BOOK 351 AT PAGE 383. STIPULATION OF INTEREST RECORDED FEBRUARY 22, 2012 UNDER RECEPTION NO. 814859. 14.MINERAL RESERVATION AS CONTAINED IN INSTRUMENT RECORDED NOVEMBER 5, 1951 AT RECEPTION NO. 177614, ANY AND ALL ASSIGNMENTS THEREOF OR INTERESTS THEREIN. 15.TERMS, CONDITIONS AND PROVISIONS OF RULE AND ORDER RECORDED APRIL 28, 1972 AT RECEPTION NO. 253501. 16.TERMS, CONDITIONS AND PROVISIONS OF OIL AND GAS LEASE RECORDED JUNE 04, 2008 AT RECEPTION NO. 749890 AND 749891 AND AMENDMENT RECORDED JANUARY 5, 2012 AT RECEPTION NO. 812800 AT RECEPTION NO. 811439, ANY AND ALL ASSIGNMENTS THEREOF OR INTERESTS THEREIN. UNIT DESIGNATION IN CONNECTION WITH ABOVE LEASES RECORDED APRIL 6, 2016 AT RECEPTION NO. 875586 AFFIDAVIT OF NON-PRODUCTION RECORDED SEPTEMBER 12, 2016 AT RECEPTION NO. 882199. 17.TERMS, CONDITIONS AND PROVISIONS OF STIPULATION OF INTEREST RECORDED FEBRUARY 22, 2012 AT RECEPTION NO. 814859. 18.TERMS, CONDITIONS AND PROVISIONS OF RESOLUTION 2016-54 RECORDED AUGUST 16, 2016 AT RECEPTION NO. 881114; MINOR MODIFICATION OF RESOLUTION 2016-54 RECORDED JUNE 18, 2020 UNDER RECEPTION NO. 937007 AND RESOLUTION NO. 2017-30 RECORDED JULY 6, 2017 AT RECEPTION NO. 896980 AND RESOLUTION NO. 2019-31 RECORDED MAY 22, 2019 AT RECEPTION NO. 920622. 19.(THIS ITEM WAS INTENTIONALLY DELETED) 20.TERMS, CONDITIONS AND PROVISIONS OF AFFIDAVIT OF NON-PRODUCTION RECORDED SEPTEMBER 12, 2016 AT RECEPTION NO. 882199. 21.(THIS ITEM WAS INTENTIONALLY DELETED) 22.(THIS ITEM WAS INTENTIONALLY DELETED) 23.(THIS ITEM WAS INTENTIONALLY DELETED) 24.(THIS ITEM WAS INTENTIONALLY DELETED) 25.ANY FACTS, RIGHTS, INTERESTS OR CLAIMS WHICH ARE NOT SHOWN BY THE PUBLIC RECORDS, BUT WHICH COULD BE ASCERTAINED BY MAKING INQUIRY OF THE LESSORS IN THE LEASE OR LEASES DESCRIBED OR REFERRED TO IN SCHEDULE A. 26.THE EFFECT OF ANY FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH THE TERMS, COVENANTS AND CONDITIONS OF LEASE OR LEASES DESCRIBED OR REFERRED TO IN SCHEDULE A. ALTA COMMITMENT Old Republic National Title Insurance Company Schedule B, Part II (Exceptions) Order Number: RND63020899-4 ALTA Commitment For Title Insurance issued by Old Republic National Title Insurance Company NOTICE IMPORTANT—READ CAREFULLY: THIS COMMITMENT IS AN OFFER TO ISSUE ONE OR MORE TITLE INSURANCE POLICIES. ALL CLAIMS OR REMEDIES SOUGHT AGAINST THE COMPANY INVOLVING THE CONTENT OF THIS COMMITMENT OR THE POLICY MUST BE BASED SOLELY IN CONTRACT. THIS COMMITMENT IS NOT AN ABSTRACT OF TITLE, REPORT OF THE CONDITION OF TITLE, LEGAL OPINION, OPINION OF TITLE, OR OTHER REPRESENTATION OF THE STATUS OF TITLE. THE PROCEDURES USED BY THE COMPANY TO DETERMINE INSURABILITY OF THE TITLE, INCLUDING ANY SEARCH AND EXAMINATION, ARE PROPRIETARY TO THE COMPANY, WERE PERFORMED SOLELY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE COMPANY, AND CREATE NO EXTRACONTRACTUAL LIABILITY TO ANY PERSON, INCLUDING A PROPOSED INSURED. THE COMPANY’S OBLIGATION UNDER THIS COMMITMENT IS TO ISSUE A POLICY TO A PROPOSED INSURED IDENTIFIED IN SCHEDULE A IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS AND PROVISIONS OF THIS COMMITMENT. THE COMPANY HAS NO LIABILITY OR OBLIGATION INVOLVING THE CONTENT OF THIS COMMITMENT TO ANY OTHER PERSON. . COMMITMENT TO ISSUE POLICY Subject to the Notice; Schedule B, Part I—Requirements; Schedule B, Part II—Exceptions; and the Commitment Conditions ,Old Republic National Title Insurance Company, a Minnesota corporation (the “Company”), commits to issue the Policy according to the terms and provisions of this Commitment. This Commitment is effective as of the Commitment Date shown in Schedule A for each Policy described in Schedule A, only when the Company has entered in Schedule A both the specified dollar amount as the Proposed Amount of insurance and the name of the Proposed Insured. If all of the Schedule B, Part I—Requirements have not been met within 6 months after the Commitment Date, this Commitment terminates and the Company’s liability and obligation end. COMMITMENT CONDITIONS 1. DEFINITIONS 2. If all of the Schedule B, Part I—Requirements have not been met within the time period specified in the Commitment to Issue Policy, Commitment terminates and the Company’s liability and obligation end. 3. The Company’s liability and obligation is limited by and this Commitment is not valid without: 4. COMPANY’S RIGHT TO AMEND The Company may amend this Commitment at any time. If the Company amends this Commitment to add a defect, lien, encumbrance, adverse claim, or other matter recorded in the Public Records prior to the Commitment Date, any liability of the Company is limited by Commitment Condition 5. The Company is not liable for any other amendment to this Commitment. 5. LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY i. comply with the Schedule B, Part I—Requirements; ii. eliminate, with the Company’s written consent, any Schedule B, Part II—Exceptions; or iii. acquire the Title or create the Mortgage covered by this Commitment. “Discriminatory Covenant”: Any covenant, condition, restriction, or limitation that is unenforceable under applicable law because it illegally discriminates against a class of individuals based on personal characteristics such as race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, familial status, disability, national origin, or other legally protected class. (a) “Knowledge” or “Known”: Actual knowledge or actual notice, but not constructive notice imparted by the Public Records.(b) “Land”: The land described in item 5 of Schedule A and affixed improvements located on that land that by State law constitute real property. The term “Land” does not include any property beyond that described in Schedule A, nor any right, title, interest, estate, or easement in any abutting street, road, aavenue, alley, lane, right-of-way, body of water, or waterway, but does not modify or limit the extent that a right of access to and from the Land is to be insured by the Policy. (c) “Mortgage”: A mortgage, deed of trust, trust deed, security deed, or other real property security instrument, including one evidenced by electronic means authorized by law. (d) “Policy”: Each contract of title insurance, in a form adopted by the American Land Title Association, issued or to be issued by the Company pursuant to this Commitment. (e) “Proposed Amount of Insurance”: Each dollar amount specified in Schedule A as the Proposed Amount of Insurance of each Policy to be issued pursuant to this Commitment. (f) “Proposed Insured”: Each person identified in Schedule A as the Proposed Insured of each Policy to be issued pursuant to this Commitment.(g) “Public Records”: The recording or filing system established under State statutes in effect at the Commitment Date under which a document must be recorded or filed to impart constructive notice of matters relating to the TItle to a purchaser for value without Knowledge. The term “Public Records” does not include any other recording or filing system, including any pertaining to environmental remediation or protection, planning, permitting, zoning, licensing, building, health, public safety, or national security matters. (h) “State”: The state or commonwealth of the United States within whose exterior boundaries the Land is located. The term “State” also includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Guam. (i) “Title”: The estate or interest in the Land identified in Item 3 of Schedule A.(j) the Notice;(a) the Commitment to Issue Policy;(b) the Commitment Conditions;(c) Schedule A;(d) Schedule B, Part I—Requirements; and(e) Schedule B, Part II—Exceptions; and(f) a counter-signature by the Company or its issuing agent that may be in electronic form.(g) The Company’s liability under Commitment Condition 4 is limited to the Proposed Insured’s actual expense incurred in the interval between the Company’s delivery to the Proposed Insured of the Commitment and the delivery of the amended Commitment, resulting from the Proposed Insured’s good faith reliance to: (a) The Company is not liable under Commitment Condition 5(a) if the Proposed Insured requested the amendment or had Knowledge of the matter and did not notify the Company about it in writing. (b) The Company is only liable under Commitment Condition 4 if the Proposed Insured would not have incurred the expense had the Commitment included the added matter when the Commitment was first delivered to the Proposed Insured. (c) I _I I 6. LIABILITY OF THE COMPANY MUST BE BASED ON THIS COMMITMENT. CHOICE OF LAW AND CHOICE OF FORUM 7. IF THIS COMMITMENT IS ISSUED BY AN ISSUING AGENT The issuing agent is the Company’s agent only for the limited purpose of issuing title insurance commitments and policies. The issuing agent is not the Company’s agent for the purpose of providing closing or settlement services. 8. PRO-FORMA POLICY The Company may provide, at the request of a Proposed Insured, a pro-forma policy illustrating the coverage that the Company may provide. A pro- forma policy neither reflects the status of Title at the time that the pro-forma policy is delivered to a Proposed Insured, nor is it a commitment to insure. 9. CLAIMS PROCEDURES This Commitment incorporates by reference all Conditions for making a claim in the Policy to be issued to the Proposed Insured. Commitment Condition 9 does not modify the limitations of liability in Commitment Conditions 5 and 6. 10. CLASS ACTION ALL CLAIMS AND DISPUTES ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS COMMITMENT, INCLUDING ANY SERVICE OR OTHER MATTER IN CONNECTION WITH ISSUING THIS COMMITMENT, ANY BREACH OF A COMMITMENT PROVISION, OR ANY OTHER CLAIM OR DISPUTE ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE TRANSACTION GIVING RISE TO THIS COMMITMENT, MUST BE BROUGHT IN AN INDIVIDUAL CAPACITY. NO PARTY MAY SERVE AS PLAINTIFF, CLASS MEMBER, OR PARTICIPANT IN ANY CLASS OR REPRESENTATIVE PROCEEDING. ANY POLICY ISSUED PURSUANT TO THIS COMMITMENT WILL CONTAIN A CLASS ACTION CONDITION. 11. ARBITRATION The Policy contains an arbitration clause. All arbitrable matters when the Proposed Amount of insurance is $2,000,000 or less may be arbitrated at the election of either the Company or the Proposed Insured as the exclusive remedy of the parties. A Proposed Insured may review a copy of the arbitration rules at http://www.alta.org/arbitration IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Old Republic National Title Insurance Company has caused its corporate name and seal to be affixed by its duly authorized officers on the date shown in Schedule A to be valid when countersigned by a validating officer or other authorized signatory. Issued by: Land Title Guarantee Company 3033 East First Avenue Suite 600 Denver, Colorado 80206 303-321-1880 Craig B. Rants, Senior Vice President This page is only a part of a 2021 ALTA® Commitment for Title Insurance issued by Old Republic National Title Insurance Company. This Commitment is not valid without the Notice; the Commitment to Issue Policy; the Commitment Conditions; Schedule A; Schedule B, Part I—Requirements; and Schedule B, Part II —Exceptions; and a counter-signature by the Company or its issuing agent that may be in electronic form. Copyright 2021 American Land Title Association. All rights reserved. The use of this Form (or any derivative thereof) is restricted to ALTA licensees and ALTA members in good standing as of the date of use. All other uses are prohibited. Reprinted under license from the American Land Title Association. The Company’s liability does not exceed the lesser of the Proposed Insured’s actual expense incurred in good faith and described in Commitment Condition 5(a) or the Proposed Amount of Insurance. (d) The Company is not liable for the content of the Transaction Identification Data, if any.(e) The Company is not obligated to issue the Policy referred to in this Commitment unless all of the Schedule B, Part I—Requirements have been met to the satisfaction of the Company. (f) The Company’s liability is further limited by the terms and provisions of the Policy to be issued to the Proposed Insured.(g) Only a Proposed Insured identified in Schedule A, and no other person, may make a claim under this Commitment.(a) Any claim must be based in contract under the State law of the State where the Land is located and is restricted to the terms and provisions of this Commitment. Any litigation or other proceeding brought by the Proposed Insured against the Company must be filed only in a State or federal court having jurisdiction (b) This Commitment, as last revised, is the exclusive and entire agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter of this Commitment and supersedes all prior commitment negotiations, representations, and proposals of any kind, whether written or oral, express or implied, relating to the subject matter of this Commitment. (c) The deletion or modification of any Schedule B, Part II—Exception does not constitute an agreement or obligation to provide coverage beyond the terms and provisions of this Commitment or the Policy. (d) Any amendment or endorsement to this Commitment must be in writing and authenticated by a person authorized by the Company.(e) When the Policy is issued, all liability and obligation under this Commitment will end and the Company’s only liability will be under the Policy.(f) OLD REPUBLIC NATIONAL TITLE INSURANCE COMPANY A Stock Company S 't 900 Tampa Florida 33607 1408 North Westshore Blvd., u, e ~.oldre~ublictitle .com /612)371-1111 By r:!71 ~ Pres id ent Attes t ~k-Sec retary Land Title Guarantee Company Disclosure Statements Note: Pursuant to CRS 10-11-122, notice is hereby given that: Note: Effective September 1, 1997, CRS 30-10-406 requires that all documents received for recording or filing in the clerk and recorder's office shall contain a top margin of at least one inch and a left, right and bottom margin of at least one half of an inch. The clerk and recorder may refuse to record or file any document that does not conform, except that, the requirement for the top margin shall not apply to documents using forms on which space is provided for recording or filing information at the top margin of the document. Note: Colorado Division of Insurance Regulations 8-1-2 requires that "Every title entity shall be responsible for all matters which appear of record prior to the time of recording whenever the title entity conducts the closing and is responsible for recording or filing of legal documents resulting from the transaction which was closed". Provided that Land Title Guarantee Company conducts the closing of the insured transaction and is responsible for recording the legal documents from the transaction, exception number 5 will not appear on the Owner's Title Policy and the Lenders Policy when issued. Note: Affirmative mechanic's lien protection for the Owner may be available (typically by deletion of Exception no. 4 of Schedule B, Section 2 of the Commitment from the Owner's Policy to be issued) upon compliance with the following conditions: No coverage will be given under any circumstances for labor or material for which the insured has contracted for or agreed to pay. Note: Pursuant to CRS 10-11-123, notice is hereby given: This notice applies to owner's policy commitments disclosing that a mineral estate has been severed from the surface estate, in Schedule B-2. The Subject real property may be located in a special taxing district.(A) A certificate of taxes due listing each taxing jurisdiction will be obtained from the county treasurer of the county in which the real property is located or that county treasurer's authorized agent unless the proposed insured provides written instructions to the contrary. (for an Owner's Policy of Title Insurance pertaining to a sale of residential real property). (B) The information regarding special districts and the boundaries of such districts may be obtained from the Board of County Commissioners, the County Clerk and Recorder, or the County Assessor. (C) The land described in Schedule A of this commitment must be a single family residence which includes a condominium or townhouse unit. (A) No labor or materials have been furnished by mechanics or material-men for purposes of construction on the land described in Schedule A of this Commitment within the past 6 months. (B) The Company must receive an appropriate affidavit indemnifying the Company against un-filed mechanic's and material-men's liens. (C) The Company must receive payment of the appropriate premium.(D) If there has been construction, improvements or major repairs undertaken on the property to be purchased within six months prior to the Date of Commitment, the requirements to obtain coverage for unrecorded liens will include: disclosure of certain construction information; financial information as to the seller, the builder and or the contractor; payment of the appropriate premium fully executed Indemnity Agreements satisfactory to the company, and, any additional requirements as may be necessary after an examination of the aforesaid information by the Company. (E) That there is recorded evidence that a mineral estate has been severed, leased, or otherwise conveyed from the surface estate(A) Landlttle· GUARANTEE COMPANY -Since 1967- Note: Pursuant to CRS 10-1-128(6)(a), It is unlawful to knowingly provide false, incomplete, or misleading facts or information to an insurance company for the purpose of defrauding or attempting to defraud the company. Penalties may include imprisonment, fines, denial of insurance, and civil damages. Any insurance company or agent of an insurance company who knowingly provides false, incomplete, or misleading facts or information to a policyholder or claimant for the purpose of defrauding or attempting to defraud the policyholder or claimant with regard to a settlement or award payable from insurance proceeds shall be reported to the Colorado Division of Insurance within the Department of Regulatory Agencies. Note: Pursuant to Colorado Division of Insurance Regulations 8-1-3, notice is hereby given of the availability of a closing protection letter for the lender, purchaser, lessee or seller in connection with this transaction. Note: Pursuant to CRS 24-21-514.5, Colorado notaries may remotely notarize real estate deeds and other documents using real-time audio-video communication technology. You may choose not to use remote notarization for any document. and that there is substantial likelihood that a third party holds some or all interest in oil, gas, other minerals, or geothermal energy in the property; and That such mineral estate may include the right to enter and use the property without the surface owner's permission.(B) Joint Notice of Privacy Policy of Land Title Guarantee Company Land Title Insurance Corporation and Old Republic National Title Insurance Company This Statement is provided to you as a customer of Land Title Guarantee Company as agent for Land Title Insurance Corporation and Old Republic National Title Insurance Company. We want you to know that we recognize and respect your privacy expectations and the requirements of federal and state privacy laws. Information security is one of our highest priorities. We recognize that maintaining your trust and confidence is the bedrock of our business. We maintain and regularly review internal and external safeguards against unauthorized access to your non-public personal information ("Personal Information"). In the course of our business, we may collect Personal Information about you from: applications or other forms we receive from you, including communications sent through TMX, our web-based transaction management system; your transactions with, or from the services being performed by us, our affiliates, or others; a consumer reporting agency, if such information is provided to us in connection with your transaction; and The public records maintained by governmental entities that we obtain either directly from those entities, or from our affiliates and non-affiliates. Our policies regarding the protection of the confidentiality and security of your Personal Information are as follows: We restrict access to all Personal Information about you to those employees who need to know that information in order to provide products and services to you. We may share your Personal Information with affiliated contractors or service providers who provide services in the course of our business, but only to the extent necessary for these providers to perform their services and to provide these services to you as may be required by your transaction. We maintain physical, electronic and procedural safeguards that comply with federal standards to protect your Personal Information from unauthorized access or intrusion. Employees who violate our strict policies and procedures regarding privacy are subject to disciplinary action. We regularly assess security standards and procedures to protect against unauthorized access to Personal Information. WE DO NOT DISCLOSE ANY PERSONAL INFORMATION ABOUT YOU WITH ANYONE FOR ANY PURPOSE THAT IS NOT STATED ABOVE OR PERMITTED BY LAW. Consistent with applicable privacy laws, there are some situations in which Personal Information may be disclosed. We may disclose your Personal Information when you direct or give us permission; when we are required by law to do so, for example, if we are served a subpoena; or when we suspect fraudulent or criminal activities. We also may disclose your Personal Information when otherwise permitted by applicable privacy laws such as, for example, when disclosure is needed to enforce our rights arising out of any agreement, transaction or relationship with you. Our policy regarding dispute resolution is as follows: Any controversy or claim arising out of or relating to our privacy Landlttle· GUARANTEE COMPANY -Since 1967- • • • • • • • • • policy, or the breach thereof, shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration Association, and judgment upon the award rendered by the arbitrator(s) may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof. STATEMENT OF AUTHORITY Pur!jnt to C.R.S'J.38-30-172, the undersigned executes this Statement of Authority on behalf of ff .<,;-/J o... V , a ~ /.. c__ (corporation, limited I liability company, general partnership, registered limited liability partnership, registered limited liability limited partnership, limited partnership association, government agency, trust or other), an entity other than an individual, capable of holding title to real property (the "Entity"), and states as follows: The name of the Entity is ---".£.._--4-'~~L......./---"';"'-.L..----=-n--,,----,-------,------------' and is formed under the The maili The name and/or position of the person authorized to execute in~nts conveyi:ttn~bering, or otherwise affecting title to real property on behalf of the Entity i.\i-c'-b 'T _ . e-Y((tfY"'\ ~ ; The limitations upon the authority of the person named above or holding the position described above to bind the Entity are as follows (if no limitations, insert "None"): ____________ _ Other matters concerning the manner in which the Entity deals with any interest in real property are (if no other matter, leave this section blank): ____________________ _ EXECUTED this 2 J____ day of ltf? r ," / , 20 2 f /,,::/ ~ ~<~ ·-- Signatur~-~~ ---- Name (printed):$;;;: f-r.e-·T-e tc,5 o--r-\._. Title (if any): f2 u) M,, e_ v:::::: STATE OF __.G~~✓-;?c-=-l() __ ) )SS . ) COUNTY OF L"r;J,(.-.v il The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this 72 day of -~ I by 1?n::-:::'.l + yc.,,-{-e..,.se11. , on behalf of __ ;i)""--'"f3....__,,..S:CL..ou..lac:"""'---------'' a Witness my hand and official seal. My commission expires: &/~'2.../'ZLJZ-r JOSUE OE LOERA NOTARY PUBL(~AL] STATE OF COLORADO NOTARY 10 20234032212 MY COMMISSION EXPIRES 08/22/2027 > (Date) April_, 2026 Garfield County Community Development Department 108 8th Street, Suite 401 Glenwood Springs, CO 81601 To Whom It May Concern, Regarding the Major Impact Review for a solar array on land under our ownership, I, Brent Peterson, Ocl) t\ a---v (title in Statement of Authority) of DB Solar LLC do hereby confirm the following entities and their authorized representatives to be authorized representatives for this land use application: • Pivot Solar 63, LLC • Pivot Energy Inc. This applies to the following properties: Parcel Garfield County Parcel Number 217912200350 Garfield County Account Number R200430 [Signature] lfrre---11 '1= [~ fe. rS ~·'---=---- [Print Name] t2 Cc? VLe..-c [Title] Garfield County Land Explorer Parcel Physical Address Owner Account Num Mailing Address 217912100148 Not available NEW CASTLE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA R015115 1800 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW SUITE 500 WASHINGTON, DC 20036 217912100150 35960 RIVER FRONTAGE RD NEW CASTLE PETERSON, BRENT LEWIS & HANNIGAN, SANDRA R015107 PO BOX 965 NEW CASTLE, CO 81647-0965 217912200350 35540 RIVER FRONTAGE RD NEW CASTLE DB SOLAR LLC R200430 35960 RIVER FRONTAGE ROAD NEW CASTLE, CO 81647 217912200351 Not available SILT UNITED STATES OF AMERICA R200554 2764 COMPASS DRIVE SUITE 106 GRAND JUNCTION, CO 81506 217912200660 Not available SILT SPENCER CHARLES HOLDINGS LLC R006447 200 MOUNTAIN SHADOW DIRVE GLENWOOD SPRINGS, CO 81601 ROW Not available null 4/30/26, 12:30 PM Garfield County Land Explorer about:blank 1/1 CERTIFICATION OF MINERAL OWNER RESEARCH This form is to be completed and submitted with any application for a Land Use Change Permit. Mineral interests may be severed from surface right interests in real property. C.R.S. § 24-65.5-101, et seq, requires notification to mineral owners when a landowner applies for an application for development from a local government. As such, the landowner must research the current owners of mineral interests for the property. The Garfield County Land Use and Development Code of 2013 (“LUDC”) Section 4-101(E)(1)(b)(4) requires written notice to owners of mineral interests in the subject property in accordance with C.R.S. § 24-65.5-101, et seq, “as such owners can be identified through the records in the office of the Clerk and Recorder or Assessor, or through other means.” This form is proof of applicant’s compliance with the Colorado Revised Statutes and the LUDC. The undersigned applicant certifies that mineral owners have been researched for the subject property as required pursuant to C.R.S. § 24-65.5-101, et seq, and Section 4-101 (E)(1)(b)(4) of the Garfield County Land Use and Development Code, as amended. As a result of that research, the undersigned applicant certifies the following (Please initial on the blank line next to the statement that accurately reflects the result of research): I own the entire mineral estate relative to the subject property; or Minerals are owned by the parties listed below The names and addresses of any and all mineral owners identified are provided below (attach additional pages as necessary): Name of Mineral Owner Mailing Address of Mineral Owner I acknowledge I reviewed C.R.S. § 24-65.5-101, et seq, and I am in compliance with said statue and the LUDC. _____________________________________________ _________________________________ Applicant’s Signature Date None entititled to notice per C.R.S § 24-65.5-101. Please see attached letter from Zeren Land Services Kyle Sundman (May 12, 2026 15:35:18 MDT)12/05/2026 cG{ Garfield County 1 Community Development Department 108 8th Street, Suite 401 Glenwood Springs, CO 81601 (970) 945-8212 www.garfield-county.com PRE-APPLICATION CONFERENCE SUMMARY TAX PARCEL NUMBER: 217912200350 DATE: 4/30/2026 PROJECT: DB Solar Pivot Energy Large Solar Energy System OWNERS: owners CONTACT/REPRESENTATIVE: Bradley Thomas – Pivot Energy PRACTICAL LOCATION: prefer address TYPE OF APPLICATION: Major Impact Review ZONING: zoning type, including PUD COMPREHENSIVE PLAN: Residential Medium High, Silt Area of Influence (Service and Commercial Support) I. GENERAL PROJECT DESCRIPTION SITE SPECIFIC DISCUSSION Parcel 217912200350 has a large solar energy system previously approved by resolution 2016- 54. That system is in operations today. The application for a new large solar energy facility on the same property will need to demonstrate that it will not interfere with the approvals of the existing facility. This might impact stormwater systems, emergency ingress/egress, utility point of interconnections, and other topics. The southern portion of the property abuts the channels off of or banks of the Colorado River and may have floodplains and wetlands. The application will need to show these features on site plan. Development within the 100-year floodplain may require a separate Floodplain Development Permit. The application will also need to account for wetlands when complying with waterbody setbacks. cE( Garfield County 2 The property is within the Town of Silt’s Area of Influence and is designated as “Service and Commercial Support” on their future land use map. Garfield County will work with the Town of Silt when determining if the application conforms to their comprehensive plan. GENERAL LARGE SOLAR ENERGY The following is an overview of the application submittal requirements and review process. Additional items and/or review may be required due to site and project specific issues. The application should include materials to fulfill any Waiver of Submittal Requirements (Section 4-202) and Waiver of Standards (Section 4-118) requests. A full copy of the Land Use and Development Code (LUDC) may be found here: https://www.garfield-county.com/community-development/land- use-code/ Large solar energy systems occupy significant acreage of land. The application should address loss of habitat, agricultural land, and impacts to neighboring properties. Staff recommends the applicant work with Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW) to identify any recommended habitat loss mitigation. Recent, large scale solar energy projects have received significant pushback from neighboring residents. Concerns raised include health and safety, visual and audible nuisances, loss of habitat, and loss of agricultural land. The application should provide a clear chain of authority from the property owner to their representative. Managers of LLC’s (or similar entities) need to be identified by recorded statements of authority; while letters of authorization naming the applicant’s representative do not need to be recorded. A memo on this topic is included as a separate file. The application will need to provide a list of property owners within 200 feet of the parcel’s boundaries as well as the mineral rights owners of the subject site itself. These individuals will receive notice by mail after the application goes to technical completeness and a hearing is scheduled. The application’s narrative should call out any waiver of submittal requirements being requested. The application’s response to Article 7 should include any waivers of standards being requested. These waiver requests should address the review criteria found in the relevant sections 4-118 and 4- 202. The site plan should clearly show the layout of the facility and address all major topics of the section. This document should be extensive and clearly show compliance with all setbacks, access roadways, and other site features (including floodplain). Information and illustrations of the proposed solar array systems should be provided, including height of the systems, ground 3 clearance, and wind rating. If any battery systems are being proposed, their locations, any ground treatment, and safety systems should be explained in the application. The grading and drainage plan should provide all necessary calculations to determine changes to runoff and necessary detention/retention. The applicant should reference these sections and reach out to staff with any questions. Typically, Land Use Change Permits address grading to an extent that no additional grading permits are required. If revegetation/reclamation security is required, it will be finalized as a condition of approval. The grading and drainage plan should provide information on erosion control, wash stations, and other construction and engineering topics as necessary. Typically, landscape plans for large solar facilities have focused on revegetation questions, including seed mixture, security, and maintenance. Noxious weed management is an important consideration of all projects. The application should respond to each item in the Impact Analysis, 4-203.G. A glare analysis should be provided as part of this section. While staff anticipates a waiver request from full traffic study requirements, the application should provide information on the number of and types of trips that will be generated during construction, adequacy of roadways for those trips, and information on the location and reclamation of temporary parking/laydown areas for construction. These last items may be included in other parts of the application and then referenced as necessary. Staff anticipates the applicant will request waivers from both water supply and wastewater management plans. The application should address how these services will be provided during construction and provide will-serve letters as necessary. The application’s response to Article 7 should address every item found in Divisions 1-3. Included in these Divisions are waterbody setbacks, agriculture protections, roadway, and parking requirements. Typically, the Industrial 100-foot setbacks found in Section 7-1001.B have been applied to large solar facilities. The application should provide mitigation for impacts if a waiver is requested to reduce this setback. Section 7-1101 addresses Solar Facilities and should also be included in the applications response to this article. Once the application is received, staff will conduct a technical completeness review to determine if all submittal requirements have been adequately met. Input from some referral agencies (such as the Attorney’s Office or consulting engineer) may be requested by staff. Once the application is determined to be technically complete, staff will work with the applicant to determine the Planning 4 Commission hearing date. This may be delayed until after referral agencies have provided comments. WAIVER REQUIREMENTS Waivers of Standards should be clearly requested in the application’s narrative or responses to Article 7, and all requests should respond to the review criteria of Section 4-118. C. Review Criteria. A waiver may be approved if the Applicant demonstrates that the following criteria have been met by the proposed alternative: 1. It achieves the intent of the subject standard to the same or better degree than the subject standard; and 2. It imposes no greater impacts on adjacent properties than would occur through compliance with the specific requirements of this Code. Similarly, Waivers of Submittal requirements should include enough information to allow for the application to be reviewed and respond to the review criteria of Section 4-202. C. Review Criteria. A waiver request shall be considered based on the following criteria: 1. The Applicant shows good cause for the requested waiver; 2. The project size, complexity, anticipated impacts, or other factors support a waiver; 3. The waiver does not compromise a proper and complete review; and 4. The information is not material to describing the proposal or demonstrating compliance with approval criteria. II. COMPREHENSIVE PLAN The application needs to demonstrate conformance with Garfield County’s comprehensive plan. Properties located within a municipalities area of influence should address items in those cities or towns comprehensive plans. (https://garfieldcolorado.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=3fb7922108e34a2fb 267272e7cb99198) If a project is located in areas mapped by towns or cities future land use maps or growth maps, county staff recommends reaching out directly to those jurisdictions on what their concerns may be. III. REGULATORY PROVISIONS APPLICANT IS REQUIRED TO ADDRESS The following Sections of the Garfield Land Use and Development Code as amended apply to the Application: 5 • Section 4-105 Major Impact Review and Section 4-101 Common Review Procedures • Table 4-201 Submission Requirements and Section 4-203 Description of Submittal Requirements. • Section 4-118 and Section 4-202, as applicable. • Article 7 Standards , as applicable IV. SUBMITTAL REQUIREMENTS As a convenience outlined below is a list of information typically required for this type of application. Table 4-201 outlines the specific application submittal criteria. The following list can function as a checklist for your submittal. General Application Materials including the Application Form (signed), payment of Fees and signed Payment Agreement Form (see attached). o A narrative describing the request and related information. o Proof of ownership. o Title Commitment. o A Statement of Authority is required if the property is owned by an LLC or similar entity. o A Letter of Authorization is required if an owner intends to have a representative complete the Application and processing. o Names and mailing addresses of property owners within 200 ft. of the subject property from Assessor’s Office Records. o Mineral rights ownership for the subject property including mailing address and/or statement on mineral rights research (see attached). o Copy of the Preapplication Summary needs to be submitted with the Application. Vicinity Map. Site Plan. Grading and Drainage Plan. Landscape Plan. Impact Analysis. Development agreement, if applicable. Improvement agreement, if applicable. Traffic Study. 6 Water Supply/Distribution Plan. Wastewater Management/Treatment Plan. The Application should demonstrate compliance with Article 7 Standards, as applicable. Divisions 1-3 and Sections 7-1001 and 7-1101 The Application should include a waiver request from submittals, as applicable. The Application should include any waivers from Article 7 Standards that the applicant wishes to pursue Three hard copies and one digital copy (on a USB drive, for example) of the application are required. Both versions should be split into individual sections. Community Development Staff is available to meet with the Applicant to provide additional information and clarification on any of the submittal requirements and waiver requests. V. REVIEW PROCESS Staff will review the application for completeness, and when complete, refer it to appropriate agencies for technical review. Staff will create a report reviewing the application to be presented before the Planning Commission at a Public Hearing. The Planning Commission’s recommendation, along with the staff report, will be presented at a separate public hearing to the Board of County Commissioners for their decision. The Applicant is expected to attend and present at both hearings. Public Hearing(s): No Public Hearing, Directors Decision (with notice per code) X Planning Commission X Board of County Commissioners Board of Adjustment Referral Agencies: May include but is not limited to: Garfield County Surveyor, Garfield County Attorney, Garfield County Building Department, Garfield County Road and Bridge, Garfield County Consulting Engineer, Garfield County Environmental Health, Garfield County Assessor’s Office, Colorado Parks and Wildlife, Colorado Division of Water Resources, Garfield County Sheriff’s Office, Garfield County Emergency Management, Homeowners Association, Fire District. VI. APPLICATION REVIEW FEES Planning Review Fees: $1,500 Referral Agency Fees: $TBD (Will be invoiced as the County is billed) □ □ □ □ 7 Total Deposit: $1,500(additional hours are billed at hourly rate of $480) VII. GENERAL APPLICATION PROCESSING The foregoing summary is advisory in nature only and is not binding on the County. The summary is based on current zoning, which is subject to change in the future, and upon factual representations that may or may not be accurate. This summary does not create a legal or vested right. The summary is valid for a six-month period, after which an update should be requested. The Applicant is advised that the Application submittal once accepted by the County becomes public information and will be available (including electronically) for review by the public. Proprietary information can be redacted from documents prior to submittal. Pre-application Summary Prepared by: ~ C. E 0 u "' £! E ..Q 51 -"' £ C: 0 E "' >-] "' E ·~ C. C. <( e Garfield County Major Impact Review Process (Section 4-105) Step 1: Pre-application Conference •Appl icant ha s 6 months to subm it application Step 2: Application Submittal Ste p 3 : Completeness Review •20 business days to review •If incomplete, 60 days to remedy deficiencies Step 4: Schedule Hearing and Provide Notice •Published, posted, and mailed to adjacent property owners within 200 feet and mineral owners, at least 30 days but no more than 60 days prior to Planning Commission public hearing Step 5: Referral •21 day comment period Step 6: Evalution by Director Step 7 : Planning Commission Review and Recommendation Step 8: Schedule Hearing and Provide Notice •Published , po sted, and mailed to adjacent property owners within 200 feet and mineral owners, at least 30 days but no more than 60 da ys prior to BOC C public hearing Step 9: BOCC Decision •Applicant has 1 year to meet any conditions of approval 8 4/30/2026 Philip Berry, Principal Planner Date 9 cE Garfield County CERTIFICATION OF MINERAL OWN ER RESEARCH This form is to be completed and submitted with any application for a Land Use Change Permit. Minera l in t eres t s may be severed from surface righ t interest s in real property. C.R .S. § 24 -65.5 -101, et seq, requires not ifica t ion t o minera l owners when a landowner appl ies for an app lica t ion for d eve lopment from a local government. As such, the landow ner must research the current owners of minera l in t erests for the property. The Ga rfield County Land Use and Development Co de of 2013 ("LUDC") Sect ion 4-101(E)(l )(b)(4) requ ires written not ice to owners o f mineral in t eres t s in t he subject property in accord ance wit h C.R.S. § 24-65 .5-1 01, et seq, "as such owners can be identifi ed through the records in t he office of the Cle rk and Recorder or Assesso r, or through ot her means." This form is p roo f of applicant's com p lian ce w ith t he Co lorado Revised Statutes and the LUD C. T he unders igned appl icant certifies that m inera l owne rs have been resea rched fo r the subject property as requi red pursuant to C.R.S. § 24-65.5-101, et seq, and Section 4-101 (E)(l)(b)(4) of the Garfield County Land Use and Development Code, as amended. As a result of that resea rch, the undersigned app licant certifies the following (Please initial on the blank line next to the statement that accurately reflects the result of research): _ I own t he en t ire mineral est ate relat ive t o t he su bj ect pro perty; or _ Minera ls are owned by t he parties list ed belo w The names and addresses o f any and all minera l owners iden t ified are provided below (a ttach ad ditional pages as necessary): Name of M inera l Owne r Mailing Add ress of M i neral Owner I acknowledge I reviewed C.R.S. § 24-65.5-101, et seq, and I am in compl iance with sa id statue and the LUDC. App licant's Signatu re Date 10 TO: FROM: DATE: RE: Garfield County MEMORANDUM Staff County Attorney's Office June 24, 2014 Mineral Interest Research Mineral interests may be severed from surface right interests in real property. Colorado revised statute 24-65.5-103 requires notification to mineral owners when a landowner applies for a land use designation by a local government. As such, the landowner must research the current owners of mineral interests for the property. The Garfield County Land Use and Development Code of 2013 ("LUDC") Section 4- 101(E)(l)(b)(4) requires written notice to owners of mineral interests in the subject property '"as such owners can be identified through the records in the office of the Clerk and Recorder or Assessor, or through other means." It is the duty of the applicant to notify mineral interest owners. The following is a suggested process to research mineral interests: I. Review the current ownership deed for the property (i.e. Warranty Deed, Special Warranty, Quit Claim Deed or Bargain and Sale Deed-NOT a Deed of Trust). The ownership deed is usually one or two pages. ls there a reservation of mineral interests on the ownership deed? Are there any exceptions to title? A deed may include a list of reservations that reference mineral owners or oil and gas leases. 2. Review your title insurance policy. Are there exceptions to title listed under Schedule B- U? If so, review for mineral interests that were reserved and oil and gas leases. 3 . Check with the Assessor's office to determine if a mineral interest bas been reserved from the subject property. The Assessor's office no longer documents the mineral reservation ownership for its tax roll records unless ownership has been proven. There are only a limited nwnber of mineral owners who have provided such infonnation to the Assessor's office so this may not provide any information, depending on your property. 11 .:. • , MEMO June 24, 2014 Page2 4. Research the legal description of the subject property with the Clerk and Recorder's computer. You can search the Section, Township, and Range of the subject property. You may find deeds for mineral interests for the subject property. 5. Research whether a Notice of Mineral Estate Ownership was filed for the subject property. On the Clerk and Recorder's computer, search under Filter (on the right hand side of the screen), General Recordings, Notice of Mineral Estate Ownership for the subject property. 6. If you find mineral interest owners as reservations on your deed, listed in your title insurance policy, from the Assessor's records or the Clerk and Recorder's computer, you need 10 determine whether these mineral interests were transferred by deed and recorded in the Clerk and Recorder's office. 7. Enter the name of the mineral interest owner as the Grantor in the Clerk and Recorder's computer to see if the mineral interest was transferred. If you find a transfer deed, you need to repeat this process to follow any transfer of the mineral interest to present day. 8 . Include a description of your research process in your application and the name(s) and address(es) of the current mineral interest owner{s}. Mineral interest research can be a difficult and time consuming process. If you are unable to determine mineral rights O\mership by yourself, consider hiring an anomey or landman. Attorneys and landmen specialize in determining mineral rights o\mership, but they charge a fee for their services. 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net Vicinity Map Pivot Solar 63 LLC /~Pivot ~F Energy G W U . S . H W Y 6 U . S . I N T E R S T A T E 7 0 LO W E R C A C T U S VA L L E Y D I T C H DAV I S P O I N T R D CR 2 3 5 CO L O R A D O R I V E R DR Y H O L L O W R D C R 3 1 1 SH E E T JO B N O . CH E C K E D B Y : DE S I G N E D B Y : DR A W N B Y : OF BYDATE#REVISION DESCRIPTION 11/13/2025 8:27 AM ; X:\23-161 PS 63 DB Solar 2\Civil\CAD\Plans\Phase I COVER.dwg PS 63 DB SOLAR 2 SILT, COLORADO CIVIL SITE PLANS 23 - 1 6 1 4 1ST SUBMITTAL TW1 TC W MR C JC 11/14/25 N O T F O R CONSTRUCTION Know what's below. Call before you dig. 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M . , L Y I N G S O U T H O F T H E R I G H T - O F - W A Y O F T H E D E N V E R & R I O G R A N D E W E S T E R N RA I L R O A D A N D E A S T O F A N O R T H A N D S O U T H L I N E D R A W N T H R O U G H S A I D L O T T H R E E ( 3 ) A N D T H E N O R T H W E S T Q U A R T E R OF T H E N O R T H E A S T Q U A R T E R ( N W 1 / 4 N E 1 / 4 ) O F S A I D S E C . 1 2 , 1 4 4 9 F E E T W E S T O F T H E E A S T L I N E O F S A I D S E C T I O N A N D A L S O AL L T H A T P O R T I O N O F T H E N O R T H W E S T Q U A R T E R O F T H E N O R T H E A S T Q U A R T E R ( N W 1 / 4 N E 1 / 4 ) , A N D L O T T H R E E ( 3 ) O F SE C T I O N T W E L V E ( 1 2 ) , T P . 6 S . , R . 9 2 W . , 6 T H P . M . , L Y I N G B E T W E E N T H E R I G H T - O F - W A Y O F T H E R I O G R A N D E J U N C T I O N RA I L R O A D A N D T H E N O R T H M E A N D E R L I N E O F T H E G R A N D R I V E R A N D W E S T O F A N O R T H A N D S O U T H L I N E 1 4 4 9 F E E T W E S T FR O M T H E E A S T L I N E O F S A I D S E C T I O N 1 2 . TO G E T H E R W I T H T H E R O A D W A Y U S E D I N C O N N E C T I O N W I T H S A I D L A N D A S D E S C R I B E D I N S T R U M E N T R E C O R D E D I N B O O K 8 8 AT P A G E 8 7 O F T H E R E C O R D S O F G A R F I E L D C O U N T Y , C O L O R A D O A N D A L S O A T R A C T O F L A N D I N S E C T I O N 1 1 A N D 1 2 , TO W N S H I P 6 S O U T H , R A N G E 9 2 W E S T O F T H E S I X T H P R I N C I P A L M E R I D I A N , M O R E P A R T I C U L A R L Y D E S C R I B E D A S B E G I N N I N G AT T H E S O U T H E A S T C O R N E R O F L O T 2 O F S E C T I O N 1 2 ; TH E N C E S O U T H A L O N G T H E E A S T L I N E O F S A I D L O T 2 A S E X T E N D E D S O U T H E R L Y T O T H E N O R T H B A N K O F T H E C O L O R A D O RI V E R ; T H E N C E A L O N G T H E N O R T H E R L Y B A N K O F T H E C O L O R A D O R I V E R T O T H E I N T E R S E C T I O N O F S A I D B A N K W I T H T H E WE S T L I N E O F L O T 1 O F S A I D S E C T I O N E X T E N D E D S O U T H E R L Y , T H E N C E N O R T H E R L Y A L O N G T H E W E S T L I N E L O T 1 , S E C T I O N 11 A S E X T E N D E D S O U T H E R L Y T O T H E S O U T H W E S T C O R N E R O F S A I D L O T 1 . I T I S T H E I N T E N T A N D P U R P O S E O F T H I S CO N V E Y A N C E T O C O V E R A L L M E A N D E R E D L A N D B E T W E E N T H E N O R T H E R L Y B A N K O F T H E C O L O R A D O R I V E R A N D L O T 1 O F SE C T I O N 1 1 , T H E N W 1 / 4 N W 1 / 4 A N D L O T 2 O F S E C T I O N 1 2 , T O W N S H I P 6 S O U T H , R A N G E 9 2 W E S T O F T H E S I X T H P R I N C I P A L ME R I D I A N A N D A L S O L O T 2 O F S E C T I O N 1 2 , A N D T H A T P A R T O F L O T 1 O F S E C T I O N 1 1 , N W 1 / 4 N W 1 / 4 A N D N E 1 / 4 N W 1 / 4 O F SE C T I O N 1 2 L Y I N G S O U T H O F T H E N O R T H L I N E O F T H E R I G H T - O F - W A Y F O R U . S . H I G H W A Y 6 A N D 2 4 , A L L I N T O W N S H I P 6 SO U T H , R A N G E 9 2 W E S T O F T H E S I X T H P R I N C I P A L M E R I D I A N . TO G E T H E R W I T H T H E P R O P E R T Y D E S C R I B E D I N T H E D E E D R E C O R D E D F E B R U A R Y 1 , 2 0 1 0 A T R E C E P T I O N N O . 7 8 1 3 7 7 . EX C E P T I N G F R O M A L L O R A N Y O F T H E A B O V E D E S C R I B E D T R A C T S T H E F O L L O W I N G : 5. A D E E D F R O M J O H N L . P E T E R S O N A N D M I L D R E D A . P E T E R S O N T O U N I T E D S T A T E S O F A M E R I C A R E C O R D E D A P R I L 1 2 , 19 6 5 A T R E C E P T I O N N O . 2 2 9 3 8 3 , I N B O O K 3 6 5 A T P A G E 1 8 1 O F T H E G A R F I E L D C O U N T Y R E C O R D S , S U B J E C T , H O W E V E R , TO A C O R R E C T I O N O F T H E A F O R E S A I D D E E D B Y C R O S S Q U I T C L A I M D E E D S B E T W E E N T H E A B O V E P A R T I E S R E C O R D E D AP R I L 3 , 1 9 8 1 , A T R E C E P T I O N N O . 3 1 3 4 8 2 , I N B O O K 5 6 8 A T P A G E 7 5 4 A N D A P R I L 3 , 1 9 8 1 A T R E C E P T I O N N O , 3 1 3 4 8 3 , I N BO O K 5 6 8 A T P A G E 7 5 6 O F T H E G A R F I E L D C O U N T Y R E C O R D S ; A N D 6. A C O N V E Y A N C E B Y R U L E A N D O R D E R F R O M T H E G A R F I E L D C O U N T Y D I S T R I C T C O U R T I N C A S E N O . 2 5 3 5 0 1 , A P R I L 2 8 , 19 7 2 A T R E C E P T I O N N O . 2 5 3 5 0 1 I N B O O K 4 3 0 A T P A G E 1 2 4 ; A N D 7. A W A R R A N T Y D E E D T O G E O R G E F . F I E L D S A N D J A M E S M . F I E L D S R E C O R D E D J A N U A R Y 1 0 , 1 9 8 0 A T R E C E P T I O N N O . 30 0 8 2 2 , I N B O O K 5 4 2 A T P A G E 1 3 5 O F T H E G A R F I E L D C O U N T Y R E C O R D S , S U B J E C T T O A R E S E R V E D R I G H T B Y G R A N T O R FO R D I T C H M A I N T E N A N C E . A N D F U R T H E R E X C E P T I N G T H E P R O P E R T Y D E S C R I B E D I N D E E D R E C O R D E D F E B R U A R Y 1 , 20 1 0 A T R E C E P T I O N N O . 7 8 1 3 7 8 . C O U N T Y O F G A R F I E L D , S T A T E O F C O L O R A D O . 1 i n c h = 5 0 0 f t . 1, 0 0 0 ' 50 0 ' 0 EN G I N E E R ' S S T A T E M E N T PR E P A R E D U N D E R M Y S U P E R V I S I O N DA T E TO D D C . W O L M A P . E . CO L O R A D O N O . 5 9 5 1 3 FO R A N D O N B E H A L F O F C O R E C O N S U L T A N T S I N C . CO R E E N G I N E E R I N G N O T E S IN A D D I T I O N T O C I T Y S T A N D A R D N O T E S , T H E F O L L O W I N G S H A L L A P P L Y : 1. C O N T R A C T O R S H A L L O B T A I N A L L T H E M O S T R E C E N T A P P L I C A B L E C O D E S , L I C E N S E S , S T A N D A R D S , S P E C I F I C A T I O N S , PE R M I T S , B O N D S W H I C H A R E N E C E S S A R Y T O P E R F O R M T H E P R O P O S E D W O R K . 2. A L L R E F E R E N C E S T O A N Y P U B L I S H E D S T A N D A R D S S H A L L R E F E R T O T H E L A T E S T R E V I S I O N O F S A I D S T A N D A R D , U N L E S S SP E C I F I C A L L Y S T A T E D O T H E R W I S E . 3. W H E R E T H E R E I S C O N F L I C T B E T W E E N T H E S E P L A N S A N D T H E S P E C I F I C A T I O N S , O R A N Y A P P L I C A B L E S T A N D A R D S , T H E HI G H E R Q U A L I T Y S T A N D A R D S S H A L L A P P L Y . 4. T R A F F I C A N D P E D E S T R I A N C O N T R O L S H A L L C O M P L Y W I T H T H E M A N U A L O N U N I F O R M T R A F F I C C O N T R O L D E V I C E S (M U T C D ) ( L A T E S T E D I T I O N ) . 5. A L L T R E N C H E S S H A L L B E A D E Q U A T E L Y S U P P O R T E D A N D T H E S A F E T Y O F T H E W O R K E R S P R O V I D E D F O R A S R E Q U I R E D B Y TH E M O S T R E C E N T O C C U P A T I O N A L S A F E T Y A N D H E A L T H A D M I N I S T R A T I O N ( O S H A ) " S A F E T Y A N D H E A L T H R E G U L A T I O N S FO R C O N S T R U C T I O N . " T H E S E R E G U L A T I O N S A R E D E S C R I B E D I N S U B P A R T P , P A R T 1 9 2 6 O F T H E C O D E O F F E D E R A L RE G U L A T I O N S . S H E E T I N G A N D S H O R I N G S H A L L B E U T I L I Z E D W H E R E N E C E S S A R Y T O P R E V E N T A N Y E X C E S S I V E W I D E N I N G OR S L O U G H I N G O F T H E T R E N C H W H I C H M A Y B E D E T R I M E N T A L T O H U M A N S A F E T Y , T O T H E P I P E B E I N G P L A C E D , T O T R E E S OR T O A N Y E X I S T I N G S T R U C T U R E W H E R E E X C A V A T I O N S A R E M A D E U N D E R S E V E R W A T E R C O N D I T I O N S . T H E CO N T R A C T O R M A Y B E R E Q U I R E D T O U S E A N A P P R O V E D P I L I N G I N S T E A D O F S H E E T I N G A N D S H O R I N G . 6. T H E C O N T R A C T O R I S R E S P O N S I B L E F O R I M P L E M E N T I N G A N D M A I N T A I N I N G E R O S I O N A N D S E D I M E N T C O N T R O L ME A S U R E S A T A L L T I M E S D U R I N G C O N S T R U C T I O N . T H E P L A N M A Y B E M O D I F I E D W I T H A P P R O P R I A T E A P P R O V A L S F R O M TH E M U N I C I P A L I T Y ' S E N G I N E E R I N G D I V I S I O N A S F I E L D C O N D I T I O N S W A R R A N T . 7. R E P A I R O F A N Y D A M A G E T O E X I S T I N G I M P R O V E M E N T S O R L A N D S C A P I N G I S T H E R E S P O N S I B I L I T Y O F T H E C O N T R A C T O R AT T H E C O N T R A C T O R ' S E X P E N S E . 8. A L L C O N S T R U C T I O N A C T I V I T I E S M U S T C O M P L Y W I T H T H E S T A T E O F C O L O R A D O P E R M I T T I N G P R O C E S S F O R " S T O R M WA T E R D I S C H A R G E S A S S O C I A T E D W I T H C O N S T R U C T I O N A C T I V I T Y . " F O R I N F O R M A T I O N , P L E A S E C O N T A C T C O L O R A D O DE P A R T M E N T O F P U B L I C H E A L T H A N D E N V I R O N M E N T , W A T E R Q U A L I T Y C O N T R O L D I V I S I O N , W Q C D - P - B 2 , 4 3 0 0 C H E R R Y CR E E K D R I V E S O U T H , D E N V E R , C O L O R A D O 8 0 2 4 6 - 1 5 3 0 . A T T E N T I O N : P E R M I T S U N I T . P H O N E ( 3 0 3 ) 6 9 2 - 3 5 9 0 . 9. T H E C O N T R A C T O R S H A L L R E G U L A R L Y P A T R O L T H E P U B L I C L A N D S A D J A C E N T T O T H E D E V E L O P M E N T , R E M O V E CO N S T R U C T I O N D E B R I S A N D K E E P T H E S I T E C L E A N A N D S A F E . 10 . C O N T R A C T O R S H A L L R E V I E W T H E G E O T E C H N I C A L R E P O R T F O R T H I S P R O J E C T F O R P A V E M E N T D E S I G N A N D RE C O M M E N D A T I O N S R E G A R D I N G E X C A V A T I O N , C O M P A C T I O N , E M B A N K M E N T , A N D T O P S O I L R E M O V A L A N D RE P L A C E M E N T . F I N A L P A V E M E N T D E S I G N T O B E D E T E R M I N E D B Y T H E G E O T E C H N I C A L E N G I N E E R . C O N T R A C T O R T O CO O R D I N A T E T H I S W O R K . T H E C O N S T R U C T I O N M E T H O D S F O R E X C A V A T I O N / E M B A N K M E N T , C O M P A C T I O N A N D S U B G R A D E PR E P A R A T I O N S H A L L B E I N S T R I C T C O N F O R M A N C E W I T H T H E G E O T E C H N I C A L E N G I N E E R ' S R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S . EN G I N E E R S H A L L B E N O T I F I E D I M M E D I A T E L Y O F D I S C R E P A N C I E S B E T W E E N T H E G E O T E C H N I C A L R E P O R T RE C O M M E N D A T I O N S A N D R E Q U I R E M E N T S O F T H E S E C O N S T R U C T I O N D O C U M E N T S A N D S P E C I F I C A T I O N S . 11 . E X I S T I N G G R A D E S A N D S P O T E L E V A T I O N S S H O W N O N T H I S D R A W I N G H A V E B E E N P L O T T E D F R O M B E S T A V A I L A B L E IN F O R M A T I O N A N D A R E S H O W N T O T H E E X T E N T K N O W N . I T I S T H E R E S P O N S I B I L I T Y O F T H E C O N T R A C T O R T O F I E L D VE R I F Y E X I S T I N G G R A D E C O N D I T I O N S A T T H E L I M I T S O F C O N S T R U C T I O N A N D A T L O C A T I O N S T H A T I N T E R F A C E W I T H EX I S T I N G O R P R O P O S E D B U I L D I N G S A N D N O T I F Y T H E C I V I L E N G I N E E R O F A N Y D I S C R E P A N C I E S T H A T C O N T R A D I C T T H E CI V I L E N G I N E E R ' S I N T E N T F O R D R A I N A G E P A T T E R N S , M A X I M U M A N D M I N I M U M S L O P E S , A N D P R O P O S E D E L E V A T I O N S A S SH O W N O N T H E P L A N . 12 . N O T I C E T O B I D D E R S - U N L E S S A P P R O V A L B L O C K S A R E S I G N E D A N D T H E P L A N S A R E S T A M P E D B Y A P R O F E S S I O N A L EN G I N E E R , T H E S E D O C U M E N T S A R E P E N D I N G J U R I S D I C T I O N A L A P P R O V A L A N D S U B J E C T T O C H A N G E . 13 . T H E C O N T R A C T O R I S S P E C I F I C A L L Y C A U T I O N E D T H A T T H E L O C A T I O N A N D / O R E L E V A T I O N O F E X I S T I N G U T I L I T I E S , A S SH O W N O N T H E S E P L A N S , I S B A S E D O N R E C O R D S O F T H E V A R I O U S U T I L I T Y C O M P A N I E S A N D , W H E R E P O S S I B L E , ME A S U R E M E N T S T A K E N I N T H E F I E L D . T H E I N F O R M A T I O N I S N O T T O B E R E L I E D U P O N A S B E I N G E X A C T O R C O M P L E T E . TH E C O N T R A C T O R M U S T C A L L T H E L O C A L U T I L I T Y L O C A T I O N C E N T E R A T L E A S T 4 8 H O U R S B E F O R E A N Y E X C A V A T I O N T O RE Q U E S T E X A C T F I E L D L O C A T I O N S O F T H E U T I L I T I E S . P R I O R T O C O N S T R U C T I O N , T H E C O N T R A C T O R S H A L L V E R I F Y PE R T I N E N T L O C A T I O N S A N D E L E V A T I O N S , E S P E C I A L L Y A T C O N N E C T I O N P O I N T S A N D A T P O T E N T I A L U T I L I T Y C O N F L I C T S . I T SH A L L B E T H E R E S P O N S I B I L I T Y O F T H E C O N T R A C T O R T O R E L O C A T E A L L E X I S T I N G U T I L I T I E S T H A T C O N F L I C T W I T H T H E PR O P O S E D I M P R O V E M E N T S S H O W N O N T H E S E P L A N S 14 . I T I S T H E C O N T R A C T O R ' S R E S P O N S I B I L I T Y T O P R O T E C T E X I S T I N G U T I L I T I E S F R O M D A M A G E T H R O U G H O U T T H E CO N S T R U C T I O N O F T H I S P R O J E C T . T H E C O N T R A C T O R S H A L L C A L L T H E U T I L I T Y N O T I F I C A T I O N C E N T E R O F C O L O R A D O FO R U T I L I T Y L O C A T I O N S 2 W O R K I N G D A Y S P R I O R T O C O M M E N C I N G C O N S T R U C T I O N . 15 . A L L S T O R M S E W E R P I P E S H A L L B E R E I N F O R C E D C O N C R E T E P I P E A N D U T I L I Z I N G W A T E R T I G H T J O I N T S U N L E S S OT H E R W I S E N O T E D . 16 . A L L A R E A S D I S T U R B E D B E Y O N D C O N S T R U C T I O N L I M I T S S H A L L B E R E S E E D E D / M U L C H E D A T T H E C O N T R A C T O R S E X P E N S E . 17 . T H E C O N T R A C T O R I S R E S P O N S I B L E F O R R E C O R D I N G A S - B U I L T I N F O R M A T I O N O N A S E T O F R E C O R D D R A W I N G S K E P T O N TH E C O N S T R U C T I O N S I T E , A N D A V A I L A B L E T O T H E P U B L I C W O R K S I N S P E C T O R A T A L L T I M E S . 18 . D I M E N S I O N S F O R L A Y O U T A N D C O N S T R U C T I O N A R E N O T T O B E S C A L E D F R O M A N Y D R A W I N G S . I F P E R T I N E N T DI M E N S I O N S A R E N O T S H O W N , C O N T A C T T H E C O N S U L T A N T E N G I N E E R F O R C L A R I F I C A T I O N , A N D A N N O T A T E T H E DI M E N S I O N O N T H E A S - B U I L T R E C O R D D R A W I N G S . 19 . T H E S I T E S H A L L B E M A I N T A I N E D I N A C C O R D A N C E W I T H T H E A C C E P T E D P R O P E R T Y M A I N T E N A N C E P L A N . 20 . T H E S I T E S H A L L B E M A I N T A I N E D I N A C C O R D A N C E W I T H T H E A C C E P T E D L A N D S C A P I N G A N D S C R E E N I N G P L A N . 21 . T H E S I T E S H A L L B E M A I N T A I N E D I N A C C O R D A N C E W I T H T H E A C C E P T E D L I G H T I N G P L A N . 22 . T H E F A C I L I T Y I S U N M A N N E D A N D W I L L O P E R A T E Y E A R - R O U N D , A C C O R D I N G T O T H E A P P L I C A T I O N M A T E R I A L S . L I M I T E D MA I N T E N A N C E P E R S O N N E L M A Y V I S I T T H E S I T E O N C E O P E R A T I O N A L . VI C I N I T Y M A P SI T E D A T A CA S E # : R 2 0 0 4 3 0 PA R C E L # : 2 1 7 9 1 2 2 0 0 3 5 0 ZO N E D I S T R I C T : A G R I C U L T U R A L PR O P E R T Y A R E A : 3 1 A C R E S SO I L S : A R V A D A L O A M , H A L A Q U E P T S , PO T T S - I L D E F O N S O C O M P L E X , T O R R I F L U V E N T S , WA N N S A N D Y L O A M , N R C S T Y P E : C , C / D , C / A , C , A / D OW N E R PI V O T E N E R G Y 16 0 1 W E W A T T A S T . , S U I T E 7 0 0 DE N V E R , C O 8 0 2 0 2 CO N T A C T : B R A D L E Y T H O M A S (8 8 8 ) 7 3 4 - 3 0 3 3 EM A I L : BR A D L E Y . T H O M A S @ P I V O T E N E R G Y . N E T EN G I N E E R CO R E C O N S U L T A N T S , I N C . 34 7 3 S . B R O A D W A Y EN G L E W O O D , C O 8 0 1 1 3 (3 0 3 ) 7 0 3 - 4 4 4 4 CO N T A C T : T O D D W O L M A EM A I L : T W O L M A @ L I V E Y O U R C O R E . C O M SU R V E Y O R CO R E C O N S U L T A N T S , I N C . 34 7 3 S . B R O A D W A Y EN G L E W O O D , C O 8 0 1 1 3 (3 0 3 ) 7 0 3 - 4 4 4 4 CO N T A C T : J E F F A N T O N EM A I L : J A N T O N @ L I V E Y O U R C O R E . C O M PE R M I T T I N G A G E N C Y GA R F I E L D C O U N T Y A D M I N I S T R A T I O N & CO U N T Y C O M M I S S I O N E R S 10 8 8 T H S T # 4 0 1 GL E N W O O D S P R I N G S , C O 8 1 6 0 1 CO N T A C T : J O H N L E Y B O U R N E JL E Y B O U R N E @ G A R F I E L D C O U N T Y C O . G O V (9 7 0 ) 9 4 5 - 5 0 0 4 UT I L I T Y P R O V I D E R S XC E L E N E R G Y 18 0 0 L A R I M E R S T . DE N V E R , C O 8 0 2 0 2 CO N T A C T : B R A D M C C L O U D (9 7 0 ) 2 4 4 - 2 6 1 1 COVER 1 SI T E PR O P E R T Y O W N E R ' S C E R T I F I C A T I O N TH E U N D E R S I G N E D P R O P E R T Y O W N E R ( S ) D O ( E S ) H E R E B Y A G R E E T O T H E S I T E S P E C I F I C DE V E L O P M E N T P L A N A N D U S E B Y S P E C I A L R E V I E W D E V E L O P M E N T S T A N D A R D S A S D E S C R I B E D HE R E O N T H I S _ _ _ _ _ _ D A Y O F _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , 2 0 _ _ . __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ RE W R A N C H E S PL A N N I N G C O M M I S S I O N C E R T I F I C A T I O N TH I S I S T O C E R T I F Y T H A T T H E W E L D C O U N T Y P L A N N I N G C O M M I S S I O N H A S C E R T I F I E D A N D D O E S HE R E B Y R E C O M M E N D T O T H E B O A R D O F C O U N T Y C O M M I S S I O N E R S , W E L D C O U N T Y , C O L O R A D O , FO R I T S C O N F I R M A T I O N , A P P R O V A L A N D A D O P T I O N T H I S S I T E S P E C I F I C D E V E L O P M E N T P L A N AN D U S E B Y S P E C I A L R E V I E W A S S H O W N A N D D E S C R I B E D H E R E O N T H I S _ _ _ _ _ _ D A Y O F __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , 2 0 _ _ . __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CH A I R , G A R F I E L D C O U N T Y P L A N N I N G C O M M I S S I O N BO A R D O F C O U N T Y C O M M I S S I O N E R S C E R T I F I C A T I O N TH I S I S T O C E R T I F Y T H A T T H E B O A R D O F C O U N R T C O M M I S S I O N E R S , G A R F I E L D C O U N T Y , C O L O R A D O DO E S H E R E B Y C O N F I R M A N D A D O P T T H I S S I T E S P E C I F I C D E V E L O P M E N T P L A N A N D U S E B Y S P E C I A L RE V I E W A N D T H E D E V E L O P M E N T S T A N D A R D S A S S H O W N A N D D E S C R I B E D H E R E O N T H I S _ _ _ _ _ _ D A Y OF _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , 2 0 _ _ . __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ CH A I R , B O A R D O F C O U N T Y C O M M I S S I O N E R S AT T E S T : GA R F I E L D C O U N T Y C L E R K T O T H E B O A R D BY : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ D A T E D : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ D E P U T Y C L E R K T O T H E B O A R D SH E E T I N D E X Sh e e t N u m b e r S h e e t T i t l e 1 CO V E R 2 EX I S T I N G C O N D I T I O N S P L A N 3 PR O P O S E D C O N D I T I O N S P L A N 4 DE T A I L S ~ I• \ \ ~ I _, \ #i I\\ . \ I '\. \1, \ e----0 .... ~~ ~ I CORE CORE CONSULTANTS. INC. I LAND DEVELOPMENT 3473S. BROADWAY ENGLEWOOD, CO 80113 I ENERGY 303.703.4444 LIVEYOURCORE.COM I PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE OH OH OH OH OH OH OH G G G G G G G W W W W W E XX REMOVE EXISTING FENCE EXISTING IRRIGATION DITCH TO REMAIN EXISTING IRRIGATION DITCH TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING IRRIGATION DITCH TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING TREE TO REMAIN EXISTING TREES TO REMAIN EXISTING TREE TO REMAIN EXISTING TREES TO REMAIN EXISTING TREES TO REMAIN EXISTING TREE TO REMAIN EXISTING ACCESS ROAD TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING ARRAY GATE TO REMAIN EXISTING ARRAY GATE TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING PATH TO REMAIN EXISTING PATH TO REMAIN EXISTING PATH TO REMAIN EXISTING CULVERT TO REMAIN EXISTING SWALE TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN U.S. INTE R S T A T E 7 0 R.O.W. VARIES FLOODPLAIN ZONE A FLOODPLAIN ZONE X FLOODPLAIN ZONE A FLOODPLAIN ZONE X FL O O D P L A I N Z O N E A FL O O D P L A I N Z O N E X FLOODPLAIN BOUNDARY FLOODPLAIN BOUNDARY FLOODPLAIN ZONE A FLOODPLAIN ZONE X PROPERTY LINE PROPERTY LINE PROPERTY LINE PROPERTY LINE EXISTING CULVERT TO REMAIN EXISTING CULVERT TO REMAIN EXISTING CULVERT TO REMAIN 30' ACCESS EASEMENT EXISTING SOLAR ARRAYS LEASE AREA REC. 882199 RULE AND ORDER CONSTRUCTION OF INTERSTATE 70 RULE AND ORDER CONSTRUCTION OF INTERSTATE 70 REC. 253501 BK. 430 PG. 124 INTERS T A T E 7 0 F R O N T A G E R O A D EXISTING UNESCORTED KEYLESS ACCESS TO REMAIN R.O.W. VARIES PARCEL B DUPLICE EXEMPTION REC. 526501 OWNER: BLUE OX LOGCRAFTERS, LLC APN: 217912200660 EXISTING SOLAR FIELD REC. 881114, REC. 937007 REC. 896980, REC. 920622 30' ACCESS EASEMENT REC. 941599 UNPLATTED OWNER: BRENT PETERSON & SANDRA HANNIGAN. APN: 217912100150 OWNER: DB SOLAR LLC 35540 RIVER FRONTAGE ROAD, NEW CASTLE, CO 81647 APN: 217912200350 N O R T H B A N K O F R I V E R C O L O R A D O R I V E R EXISTING GAS TO REMAIN EXISTING WATER TO REMAIN EXISTING OVERHEAD ELECTRIC TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN SHEET JOB NO. CHECKED BY: DESIGNED BY: DRAWN BY: OF BY D A T E # RE V I S I O N D E S C R I P T I O N 11 / 1 3 / 2 0 2 5 8 : 2 7 A M ; X : \ 2 3 - 1 6 1 P S 6 3 D B S o l a r 2 \ C i v i l \ C A D \ P l a n s \ P h a s e I E X I S T I N G C O N D I T I O N S . d w g PS 6 3 D B S O L A R 2 SI L T , C O L O R A D O CI V I L S I T E P L A N S 23-161 4 1S T S U B M I T T A L TW 1 TCW MRC JC 11 / 1 4 / 2 5 NO T F O R CO N S T R U C T I O N Kn o w w h a t ' s be l o w . C a l l be f o r e y o u d i g . LEGEND EXISTING CURB & GUTTER DEMO CURB & GUTTER EXISTING STORM & STUB OUT DEMO STORM & STUB OUT CONCRETE DEMO EXISTING GRAVEL ROAD EXISTING ASPHALT ROAD SD EXISTING STORM & STUB OUT IRR EXISTING IRRIGATION & STUB OUT SS EXISTING SANITARY & STUB OUT W EXISTING WATER & STUB OUT E EXISTING ELECTRIC FO EXISTING FIBER OPTIC G EXISTING GAS OH EXISTING OVER HEAD ELECTRIC RETAINING WALL IRR DEMO IRRIGATION & STUB OUT SD DEMO STORM & STUB OUT W DEMO WATER & STUB OUT SD FUTURE STORM & STUB OUT EXISTING GRAVEL ROAD I IRRIGATION SERVICE S SANITARY SERVICE W WATER SERVICE DEMO FENCE - CHAIN LINK DEMO FENCE - WOOD POST EXISTING FENCE - CHAIN LINK EXISTING FENCE - WOOD POST EXISTING FLOW ARROW FEMA ZONE A FLOODPLAIN EX I S T I N G C O N D I T I O N S P L A N 2 1 inch = 100 ft. 200'100'0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- ---------------------------- / / / / / / / / / / -- ----- / / / / / / / / / / - / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ··. I . I \ ~ 111---~ \/ ,L.----J (/\ \ ---------0---o---O----'-o . \ \ \ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / -- '.;:: ~ / / - o .. \ -- '¾ t, \ '. 0 ', ', -. 0 9_J \ \ \ > '\, \ > \ \ \ I I ------ -- • 80:= ~c_-f~ --\ - -----\_ -----~ ~ ----~.:..::z;;t - --'------~ ~---a-~~~ --0¢?,? I \ I l \ -\ \ ~ l ( > > > I I / / / , / / / / / / / / / / 0® --------- --- ~--------- E-----=---_ -_ E-----=-----_ E----- E----- -------------0--- ---0--- --o- ---□--- r-~---.---, 1:,_ __ ·.:...,_,;__·...:..._.....:.....J ► / / /, z 7 ... .. ::, z u ; ~ g 3 w ... ~ z ~ i g z w ., -=-; z :, -w .. OH OH OH OH OH OH OH G G G G G G G W W W W W E XX U.S. INTE R S T A T E 7 0 OH OH EXISTING IRRIGATION DITCH TO REMAIN SOLAR PANEL SUPPORTS TO BE OUTSIDE DITCH (TYP.) EXISTING IRRIGATION DITCH TO REMAIN SOLAR PANEL SUPPORTS TO BE OUTSIDE DITCH (TYP.) EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING TREE TO REMAIN EXISTING ACCESS ROAD TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING FENCE TO REMAIN EXISTING PATH TO REMAIN 30' ACCESS EASEMENT EXISTING SOLAR ARRAYS LEASE AREA PROPOSED ACCESS ROAD TURNAROUND SEE DETAIL ON SHEET 4 PROPOSED ELECTRIC STRUCTURE PROPOSED UTILITY POLE (TYP.) PROPOSED ON-SITE STORAGE CONEX PROPOSED EQUIPMENT PADS PROPOSED SOLAR PANELS (TYP.) PROPOSED SOLAR PANELS (TYP.) PROPOSED 8' AG FENCE PROPOSED 8' AG FENCE CONNECT TO EXISTING MAINTENANCE ACCESS ROAD PROPOSED 3ɸ OVERHEAD ELECTRIC CONNECT TO EXISTING OVERHEAD ELECTRIC R35' R250' 15.9' TYP. 27.5'PROPOSED MAINTENANCE ACCESS ROAD 16' MIN. ARRAY TO FENCE R.O.W. VARIES RULE AND ORDER CONSTRUCTION OF INTERSTATE 70 RULE AND ORDER CONSTRUCTION OF INTERSTATE 70 REC. 253501 BK. 430 PG. 124 INTERS T A T E 7 0 F R O N T A G E R O A D R.O.W. VARIES R35' R258'R242' FLOODPLAIN ZONE A FLOODPLAIN ZONE X FLOODPLAIN ZONE A FLOODPLAIN ZONE X FL O O D P L A I N Z O N E A FL O O D P L A I N Z O N E X FLOODPLAIN BOUNDARY FLOODPLAIN BOUNDARY FLOODPLAIN ZONE A FLOODPLAIN ZONE X PROPERTY LINE PROPERTY LINE PROPERTY LINE PROPERTY LINE PARCEL B DUPLICE EXEMPTION REC. 526501 OWNER: BLUE OX LOGCRAFTERS, LLC APN: 217912200660 EXISTING SOLAR FIELD REC. 881114, REC. 937007 REC. 896980, REC. 920622 UNPLATTED OWNER: BRENT PETERSON & SANDRA HANNIGAN. APN: 217912100150 N O R T H B A N K O F R I V E R C O L O R A D O R I V E R 16' WIDE KEYLESS UNESCORTED ACCESS GATE 15' TYP. 25' TYP. 15' TYP. 25' TYP. 16' TYP. 50' TREE SETBACK SHEET JOB NO. CHECKED BY: DESIGNED BY: DRAWN BY: OF BY D A T E # RE V I S I O N D E S C R I P T I O N 11 / 1 3 / 2 0 2 5 8 : 2 7 A M ; X : \ 2 3 - 1 6 1 P S 6 3 D B S o l a r 2 \ C i v i l \ C A D \ P l a n s \ P h a s e I P R O P O S E D C O N D I T I O N S . d w g PS 6 3 D B S O L A R 2 SI L T , C O L O R A D O CI V I L S I T E P L A N S 23-161 4 1S T S U B M I T T A L TW 1 TCW MRC JC 11 / 1 4 / 2 5 NO T F O R CO N S T R U C T I O N Kn o w w h a t ' s be l o w . C a l l be f o r e y o u d i g . PR O P O S E D C O N D I T I O N S P L A N 3 1 inch = 100 ft. 200'100'0 LEGEND SIGHT TRIANGLE EASEMENT RIGHT OF WAY (R.O.W.) CENTERLINE PROJECT BOUNDARY PROPOSED CURB & GUTTER EXISTING CURB & GUTTER PROPOSEDEXISTING STREET LIGHT POLES STREET SIGNS RAMPS RETAINING WALL EXISTING FENCE - CHAIN LINK EXISTING FENCE - WOOD POST NOTES: 1. EXISTING IRRIGATION DITCHES TO REMAIN. ALL SOLAR SUPPORTS SHALL BE FIELD FIT TO REMAIN OUTSIDE OF DITCHES. 2. SOLAR PANEL LOCATIONS SHOWN ARE CONSIDERED PRELIMINARY. 3. PROPOSED OVERHEAD POLE LOCATIONS ARE CONCEPTUAL. XCEL ENERGY SHALL DETERMINE FINAL DESIGN AND LOCATION. 4. FLOODPLAINS SHOW ARE FROM CORE CONSULTANTS LLC ALTA, DATED JULY 12, 2024 FOR THE SUBJECT PROPERTY. FLOODPLAINS ARE ALSO CONTAINED IN FEMA FIRM 0802051111C, DATED AUGUST 2, 2006. RIPRAP CONCRETE APPROXIMATE SAWCUT LIMITS EXISTING ASPHALT PAVEMENT EXISTING GRAVEL ROAD BLOCK NUMBER3 41 2 CRUSHER FINES MAINTENANCE ACCESS POWER POLES GUY WIRE E EXISTING ELECTRIC FO EXISTING FIBER OPTIC G EXISTING GAS OH EXISTING OVER HEAD ELECTRIC T EXISTING TELEPHONE W EXISTING WATER & STUB OUT FEMA ZONE A FLOODPLAIN ----------------------7 ---------------------------------------------------- -- ---------------------------- / / / / / -- ----- / / / / / / / - / / / / / / / / / / / / \ ~ in---~ \/ ,L.---J • r :~1··./ I •. 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NO T E S : 1. C O N C R E T E A N C H O R / B A S E S H A L L B E M I N . 3 0 0 0 P S I . C A S T - I N - P L A C E F O R A L L C O R N E R S , P U L L , TE R M I N A L A N D G A T E P O S T S . A L L O T H E R P O S T C A N B E D I R E C T P U S H / B U R I A L I F P O S T I S EM B E D D E D M I N . 3 F E E T . 2. A L L P O S T S S H A L L E X T E N D A M I N . 8 F E E T A B O V E G R O U N D S U R F A C E . 3. P R O V I D E H O R I Z O N T A L A N D D I A G O N A L B R A C I N G A T A L L C O R N E R S , P U L L , T E R M I N A L A N D G A T E PO S T S . 4. P O S T S H A L L B E S P A C E A T A M A X I M U M O F 1 5 ' - 0 ' O N C E N T E R . 5. P O S T S H A L L B E 6 " D I A M E T E R T R E A T E D S O U T H E R N Y E L L O W P I N E O R E Q U I V A L E N T . 6. H O R I Z O N T A L W O O D B R A C E S S H A L L B E P I N N E D O R D O W E L E D . 7. G A T E S H A L L B E P T W O O D ( 4 " M I N . S Q U A R E S T O C K ) , M E T A L ( 2 " Ø B L A C K C O A T E D ) O R AP P R O V E D E Q U I V A L E N T . 8. M E S H S H A L L B E G A L V A N I Z E D H I G H T E N S I L E S T E E L 4 " X 4 " F I X E D - K N O T 1 2 . 5 G A U G E W I R E . 9. C U T A 8 " W I D E B Y 1 2 " T A L L F O X P A S S A G E O P E N I N G I N B O T T O M O F M E S H E V E R Y 5 0 F E E T . 10 . F E N C E S H A L L I N C L U D E S I G N A G E A T A L L G A T E S W I T H S Y S T E M O W N E R E M E R G E N C Y C O N T A C T IN F O R M A T I O N . 11 . F E N C E S H A L L I N C L U D E D A N G E R / H I G H V O L T A G E / N O T R E S P A S S I N G S I G N A G E E V E R Y 1 0 0 F T . CO N C R E T E P O S T A N C H O R / B A S E ( T Y P . ) 3 6 " ( D ) X 1 2 " D I A . DI A G O N A L B R A C E D O U B L E WR A P 1 2 . 5 G A U G E C L A S S 3 HI G H T E N S I L E W I R E W I T H RA T C H E T T Y P E I N - L I N E W I R E ST R A I N E R 1' 2' 6" - 1 2 " T Y P . 10 ' M A X . 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T . S . FE N C E G A T E D E T A I L ( T Y P . ) MA I N T E N A C E A C C E S S R O A D C R O S S S E C T I O N N. T . S . DETAILS 4 SH E E T JO B N O . CH E C K E D B Y : DE S I G N E D B Y : DR A W N B Y : OF BYDATE#REVISION DESCRIPTION 11/13/2025 8:27 AM ; X:\23-161 PS 63 DB Solar 2\Civil\CAD\Plans\Phase I DETAILS.dwg PS 63 DB SOLAR 2 SILT, COLORADO CIVIL SITE PLANS 23 - 1 6 1 4 1ST SUBMITTAL TW1 TC W MR C JC 11/14/25 N O T F O R CONSTRUCTION Know what's below. 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L _J ·,·~- /\\ ( \ \· ' ' ' I r L .-t---~ ~ I CORE CORE CONSULTANTS, INC. I LAND DEVELOPMENT 3473 S. BROADWAY ENGLEWOOD, CO 80113 I ENERGY 303.703.4444 LIVEYOURCORE.COM I PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE Preliminary Drainage Report PS 63 DB Solar 2 Project Garfield County, Colorado 1 PRELIMINARY DRAINAGE REPORT FOR PS 63 DB SOLAR 2 PROJECT GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO Prepared for: Pivot Energy 1750 15th Street, Suite 400 Denver, Colorado 80202 Contact: Bradley Thomas Phone: 888-734-3033 Prepared by: CORE Consultants, Inc. 3473 South Broadway Englewood, CO 80113 Contact: Todd Wolma, PE Phone: 303-703-4444 CORE Project Number: 23-161 May 28, 2026 CORE CORE Preliminary Drainage Report PS 63 DB Solar 2 Project Garfield County, Colorado 2 Table of Contents I. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND ..................................................................... 4 A. Site Location and Conditions ............................................................................................................. 4 B. Site Information .................................................................................................................................... 5 C. Floodplains ........................................................................................................................................... 5 D. Irrigation ................................................................................................................................................ 5 II. METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................... 6 A. Regulations ........................................................................................................................................... 6 B. Hydrology ............................................................................................................................................. 6 C. Hydraulics ............................................................................................................................................. 7 III. RESULTS .................................................................................................................. 7 A. Basin Descriptions ................................................................................................................................ 7 B. Runoff Coefficients ............................................................................................................................... 9 C. Offsite Hydrology ................................................................................................................................. 9 D. Proposed Drainage Improvements ................................................................................................. 10 IV. CONCLUSION ...................................................................................................... 10 V. REFERENCES ......................................................................................................... 11 Appendices Appendix A FEMA FIRM, NRCS Soils Map, NOAA Atlas 14 Precipitation Frequency Estimates Appendix B Hydrologic Computations Appendix C References Appendix D Drainage Maps CORE Preliminary Drainage Report PS 63 DB Solar 2 Project Garfield County, Colorado 3 Engineer’s Statement: I affirm that this report and plan for the preliminary drainage design of DB Solar was prepared by me (or under my direct supervision) in accordance with the provisions of the Land Use and Development Code for Garfield County for the owners thereof. I understand that Garfield County does not and will not assume liability for drainage facilities designed by others. _________________________________________ Todd Wolma, PE Colorado Professional Engineer License #59513 CORE Preliminary Drainage Report PS 63 DB Solar 2 Project Garfield County, Colorado 4 I. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND This Preliminary Drainage Report has been prepared for the proposed construction of a solar energy facility at the PS 63 DB Solar 2 Project (Project). Project includes construction of solar facilities on existing agricultural land, which are adjacent to an existing solar energy facility. The existing property is approximately +/-41 acres of predominantly agricultural land. In the proposed condition, approximately 14 acres of property are used for solar development, including access roads and equipment pads. As the only site disturbance from the solar panels is from the mounting posts, the only measurable land disturbance consists of temporary work to construct the maintenance road, equipment pads, and trenches for underground utilities. The anticipated land disturbance is approximately 0.44 acres as shown in the disturbance table below. ITEM DISTURBED AREA (SF) DISTURBED AREA (AC) Maintenance Roads 714 0.02 Equipment Pads 6260 0.14 Utility Trenches (Assumed 4' Trench) 12234 0.28 Total Land Disturbance 19208 0.44 A. Site Location and Conditions The proposed solar site is bordered by open land to the east, existing solar arrays and Interstate 70 (I-70) to the north, a construction logistics yard to the west and the Colorado River to the south. The proposed development is located in the northwest quarter of Section 12, Township 6 South, Range 92 West of the 6th Prime Meridian in Garfield County, Colorado. A vicinity map is shown below. Figure 1: Vicinity Map of PS 63 DB Solar 2 CORE Preliminary Drainage Report PS 63 DB Solar 2 Project Garfield County, Colorado 5 The existing property is 41.01 acres of predominantly agricultural land which contains existing solar arrays in the northwest portion of the parcel. This currently used area is 9.30 acres, which will remain unchanged. The site naturally slopes towards the southwest and the Colorado River with slopes ranging from 0.4 to 4 percent due to flat open space over and around the entire site. The Colorado River flows from east to west adjacent to the proposed site. An existing Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) mapped floodplain is located within the Colorado River, adjacent to the development. The FEMA floodplain extends into the parent parcel but only comes up to the proposed site boundary. A FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) Panel 0802051111C, revised August 2, 2006 is included in Appendix A. B. Site Information Data from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Web Soil Survey was collected on October 22, 2025 to assist in developing hydrologic parameters. The soils on the site are Potts-Ildefonso complex to the north of the site and Wann sandy loam throughout the rest of the site. According to NRCS data, the soils are primarily classified as Hydrologic Soil Group (HSG) A/D, with the northern portion identified as HSG C. Although some soils have dual classifications (A/D), the “D” designation represents the undrained, natural condition of the soil, which typically has a high water table and low infiltration capacity. The more conservative Group D condition was used for drainage calculations. A HSG Map is included in Appendix A. The currently existing ground cover is primarily natural grasses and vegetation with a stone aggregate road accessed from U.S. Highway 6. There are few existing trees on the site. The site is relatively flat, with slopes primarily ranging between 1.5% to 3.5%. C. Floodplains Based on FEMA Firm map 082051111C revised August 2, 2016, the southern portion of the property is located within special flood hazard area subject to inundation by the 1% annual chance flood event, Zone A (no base flood elevations determined). The full FEMA Firm maps can be found in Appendix A. D. Irrigation A major irrigation ditch runs south to the existing property and will remain undisturbed in its current location. The Lower Cactus Valley Ditch exists to the north of the site and runs northwest to southeast under I-70 and along the Colorado River until it eventually discharges to the Colorado River. The ditch and Colorado River are shown on the Wetlands Map provided in Appendix A. A gravel road to the west of the site runs north to south which provides access to the existing solar energy facility and will also provide access to the Project. An existing swale east of the road conveys the offsite runoff through the site and ultimately discharges in the ditch that runs south to the site, near the irrigation ditch. CORE Preliminary Drainage Report PS 63 DB Solar 2 Project Garfield County, Colorado 6 II. METHODOLOGY A. Regulations Where applicable, the drainage design follows guidelines given in the Garfield County Land Use and Development Code. In the absence of guidance from the Garfield County code, standard calculations presented below were used. B. Hydrology The Rational Method was used to determine peak runoffs for the proposed site. The 5-year recurrence interval was used for the minor scenario and the 100-year recurrence interval was used for the major scenario. Rainfall values were sourced from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Atlas 14. A summary of rainfall values is included in Table 2 below for reference. Refer to Appendix A for the full Atlas 14 report. SUMMARY TABLE - ONE-HOUR POINT RAINFALL (INCHES) 2-year 5-year 10-year 25-year 50-year 100-year 500-year 0.440 0.596 0.729 0.919 1.07 1.23 1.61 Table 2: One Hour Point Rainfall Values For the minor storm event, a 5-year rainfall depth of 0.596 inches will be used. For the major storm event, a 100-year rainfall depth of 1.23 inches will be used. = Q ≡ peak discharge (cfs) C ≡ runoff coefficient I ≡ intensity (in/hr) A ≡ tributary area C – 5 Year Storm / = 0.815 + 0.035 C - 100 Year Storm / = 0.409 + 0.484 i = Weighted imperviousness of catchment expressed as a decimal CC/D = Runoff coefficient for NRCS HSG C and D soils = . ( ) .!"# I ≡ rainfall intensity (in/hr) P1 ≡ one-hour rainfall depth(inches) from NOAA Atlas 14 tc ≡ time of concentration (minutes) CORE Preliminary Drainage Report PS 63 DB Solar 2 Project Garfield County, Colorado 7 $%= $&+ $' tc ≡ time of concentration (minutes) ti ≡ overland (initial) flow time (minutes) tt ≡ channelized travel time (minutes) $&= .() ( . * +),-. / .00 ti ≡ overland (initial) flow time (minutes) C5 ≡ runoff coefficient for 5-year frequency (unitless) Li ≡ length of overland flow, (ft, 300-ft max for urban and 500-ft max for rural). Only rural conditions application of the equation was used as the site will be expected to remain mimicking predominately undeveloped conditions. S0 ≡ average slope along the overland flow path (ft/ft) $'= -1 2 3,/ =-1 2 4 Lt ≡ waterway length (feet) S0 ≡ waterway slope (feet/feet) K ≡ NRCS Conveyance Factor V ≡ travel time velocity (feet/second) C. Hydraulics Based upon the hydrologic calculation results, there are no calculable drainage impacts from the proposed solar facilities. Therefore, no hydraulic methodologies or analyses were required for the project. Refer to Section 3.C for detailed discussion of the drainage impacts. III. RESULTS A. Basin Descriptions The site was divided into five basins, as described below. Basin delineation was based on topography extracted from LiDAR data. Historic basins are labeled as EX, and proposed basins as PR. A summary table comparing historic and proposed flows is provided following the basin descriptions for reference. Refer to Appendix B for detailed hydrologic calculations. Sub-basin EX-1 Sub-basin E1 consists of the western portion of the site. The basin is approximately 8.65 acres and consists of predominantly solar arrays with a narrow packed gravel maintenance path coming from the northwestern corner. The historic percentage of impervious is 5.6%. Runoff from the basin is directed toward an existing swale located east of the gravel path, which runs in a north–south direction, and ultimately discharges into a ditch south of the site at design point EX-1. CORE Preliminary Drainage Report PS 63 DB Solar 2 Project Garfield County, Colorado 8 Sub-basin PR-1 Sub-basin PR-1 is the historic basin EX-1. The basin is approximately 8.65 acres and consists of predominantly solar arrays with a narrow packed gravel maintenance path coming from the northwestern corner. The proposed percentage of impervious is 7.2%. Runoff from the basin is directed toward an existing swale located east of the gravel path, which runs in a north–south direction, and ultimately discharges into a ditch south of the site at design point PR-1. Sub-basin EX-2 Sub-basin EX-2 is located at the central portion of the site, east of EX-1. The basin is approximately 8.17 acres and consists of primarily solar arrays and agricultural land. The historic percentage of impervious is 2.8%. Runoff from the basin is directed toward a ditch south of the site at design point EX-2. Sub-basin PR-2 Sub-basin PR-2 is the historic basin EX-2. It is approximately 8.17 acres and consists of primarily existing and proposed solar arrays and agricultural land. The proposed percentage of impervious is 4.9%. Runoff from the basin is directed toward a ditch south of the site at design point PR-2. Sub-basin EX-3 Sub-basin EX-3 is located at the central portion of the site, east of EX-2. The basin is approximately 12.03 acres and consists of predominantly agricultural land and contains a small portion of solar arrays. The historic percentage of impervious is 2.1%. Runoff from the basin is directed toward a ditch south of the site at design point EX-3. Sub-basin PR-3 Sub-basin PR-3 is the historic basin EX-3. The basin is approximately 12.03 acres and consists of proposed solar panels and agricultural land. The proposed percentage of impervious is 3.9%. Runoff from the basin is directed toward a ditch south of the site at design point EX-3. Sub-basin EX-4 Sub-basin E4 consists of the east portion of the site. The basin is approximately 6.09 acres and consists of predominantly agricultural land. The historic percentage of impervious is 2.0%. Runoff from the basin is directed toward a ditch south of the site at design point EX-4. Sub-basin PR-4 Sub-basin PR-4 is the historic basin EX-4. The basin is approximately 6.09 acres and consists of proposed solar panels and agricultural land. The proposed percentage of impervious is 3.1%. Runoff from the basin is directed toward a ditch south of the site at design point PR-4. Sub-basin EX-5 Sub-basin E5 consists of southernmost portion of the site. The basin is approximately 6.07 acres and consists of predominantly agricultural land. The historic percentage of impervious is 2.0%. The basin conveys flows west towards design point EX-4 and continues downstream through the existing ditch. CORE Preliminary Drainage Report PS 63 DB Solar 2 Project Garfield County, Colorado 9 Sub-basin PR-5 Sub-basin PR-5 is the historic basin EX-4. The basin is approximately 6.07 acres and will remain predominantly agricultural land. The proposed percentage of impervious is 2.0%. Runoff from the basin is directed toward a ditch south of the site at design point PR-5. AREA [ac] IMPERVIOUSNESS 100-Year RUNOFF [cfs] 5-Year RUNOFF [cfs] EXISTING PROPOSED EXISTING PROPOSED EXISTING PROPOSED EXISTING PROPOSED 8.65 8.65 5.6% 7.2% 6.58 6.73 0.60 0.56 8.17 8.17 2.8% 4.9% 5.13 5.30 0.38 0.27 12.03 12.03 2.1% 3.9% 8.55 8.78 0.57 0.39 6.09 6.09 2.0% 3.1% 4.26 4.33 0.25 0.18 6.07 6.07 2.0% 2.0% 5.89 5.89 0.30 0.20 Table 3: Sub-Basin Historic vs. Proposed Flows B. Runoff Coefficients The determination of imperviousness for the proposed solar panels was determined using the “Determination of Solar Panel Field Runoff Coefficients” technical memorandum from Mile High Flood District. The memorandum states coefficients can be as low as 2%, based on the slope of the panels in relation to the slope of the overall grade. Because 5% imperviousness was used for natural vegetation in this report, 5% was used for the solar panels as well instead of 2%. This shows no change in runoff is anticipated from installation of the solar panels. This is consistent with ASCE’s Hydrologic Response of Solar Farms study in the May 2013 Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, which concludes that solar farms do not have adverse hydrologic impacts from excess runoff or contribute to erosion (Cook and McCuen). C. Offsite Hydrology Three offsite basins have been identified. These basins have been identified as O- 1 through O-3 and drain onto the site as described below and shown in the drainage maps. Offsite basin 1 discharges into existing swale of basin EX-1 and ultimately flow to Design Point EX-1. Offsite basins 2 and 3 flow towards basin EX-4 and ultimately discharges into Design Point EX-4. Offsite basins will not be disturbed, therefore it is assumed the basins and the flow from those basins will remain the same in the existing and proposed conditions. Refer to Appendix B for detailed hydrologic calculations. Offsite Basin O-1 Offsite basin O-1 is in the northern edge of the site. The basin is approximately 3.05 acres and consists of a ditch that runs east-west. The historic percent impervious is 2.0%. The basin conveys flow towards DP O-1 where it enters Sub-basin EX-1. CORE Preliminary Drainage Report PS 63 DB Solar 2 Project Garfield County, Colorado 10 Offsite Basin O-2 Offsite basin O-2 is on the western edge of the site. The basin is approximately 7.34 acres and consists of predominately agricultural land. The historic percent impervious is 2.0%. The basin conveys flow towards DP O-2 where it enters Sub-basin EX-4. Offsite Basin O-3 Offsite basin O-3 is on the western edge of the site. The basin is approximately 13.83 acres and consists of predominantly agricultural land. The historic percent impervious is 2.0%. The basin conveys flow towards DP O-3 where it enters Sub-basin EX-4. DIRECT RUNOFF DESIGN POINT BASIN AREA (AC) IMPERVIOUS [%] 5-Year RUNOFF (CFS) 100-Year RUNOFF (CFS) O-1 O-1 3.05 2.0 0.09 2.75 O-2 O-2 7.34 2.0 0.23 4.54 O-3 O-3 13.83 2.0 0.43 8.55 Table 4: Offsite Basins runoff summary D. Proposed Drainage Improvements Based on the hydrologic calculations, the proposed solar facilities will have no impact on percent impervious and peak runoff flows within the site. Disturbance is limited to installation of ground mounted piers and typical solar facilities that create negligible changes to existing hydrologic and hydraulic patterns. With limited disturbance on site, there are no anticipated impacts from the proposed solar site. The impact and change in flow are minimal. The largest increase in flow for the major storm event is 0.23 cfs, and for the minor storm event is 0.18 cfs. The time of concentration will not be affected. Given the negligible change in flow, it is requested that no BMPs be required for this project. Supporting information is included in Appendix C for background and technical justification. The referenced study evaluates the hydrologic impacts of solar farms and concludes that properly maintained vegetation beneath and around solar panels minimizes changes in runoff volume, peak discharge, and time of concentration. IV. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the proposed improvements will not increase the flows or alter storm drainage patterns on site. The proposed design does not have any negative impact on existing conditions and will maintain the health and safety of all surrounding public right-of-way and existing offsite properties. CORE Preliminary Drainage Report PS 63 DB Solar 2 Project Garfield County, Colorado 11 V. REFERENCES A. Garfield County Land Use and Development Code, June 2023. B. Web Soil Survey, Soil Survey Staff (Natural Resources Conservation Service), United States Department of Agriculture. Available online at the following link: https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/. Accessed October 22, 2025. C. Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) No. 0802051111C, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Revised August 2, 2006. Available online at the following link: https://msc.fema.gov/portal/home. Accessed October 22, 2025. D. NOAA Atlas 14, Volume 8, Version 2, Point Precipitation Frequency Estimates, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Available online at the following link: https://hdsc.nws.noaa.gov/pfds/ , Accessed October 22, 2025. E. Determination of Solar Panel Field Runoff Coefficients, Wright Water Engineers for Mile High Flood District, October 13, 2023. https://mhfd.org/wp- content/uploads/2024/01/TECHNICAL-MEMORANDUM-DETERMINATION-OF-SOLAR- PANEL-FIELD-RUNOFF-COEFFICIENTS-2023.pdf F. Hydrologic Response of Solar Farms, Journal of Hydrologic Engineering ASCE, May 2013 G. LiDAR data, https://apps.nationalmap.gov/downloader/ CORE Preliminary Drainage Report DB PS 63 Solar Project Garfield County, Colorado APPENDIX A VICINITY MAP, FEMA FIRM, NRCS SOIL MAP, NOAA ATLAS 14 PRECIPITATION FREQUENCY ESTIMATES CORE US HWY 6 US INTE R S T A T E 7 0 SITE C O L O R A D O R I V E R LOWER CACTUS VALLEY DITCH DA V I S P O I N T R D , C R 2 3 5 IRRIGATI O N D I T C H SHEETSOF JOB NUMBER SHEET NUMBER 20 2 1 - 0 9 - 1 1 ( 4 : 3 7 P M ) J o s e f i n a C o l l a d o s X : \ 2 3 - 1 6 1 P S 6 3 D B S o l a r 2 \ C i v i l \ R e p o r t s \ D r a i n a g e \ P h a s e I I I \ 1 2 - D r a i n a g e M a p s V e c i n i t y M a p . d w g CREATED BY:DATE:11/6/25 23-161 1 1DB PS 2 SOLAR VICINITY MAP JC1 inch = 1,000 ft. 1,000'0 CORE CONSULTANTS. INC. LIVEYOURCORE.COM CORE NOTES TO USERS This map is for use in administering the National Flood Insurance Program It does not necessarily ident ify all areas subject to f looding, particularly from local drainage sources of small size . The community map nipository should be consulted for possible updatedoradditional floodhazardinformation. To obt ain more detail ed information in areas w here Base Flood Elevation IBFEsl and/or floodw■y• have been de termined , users are encouraged to consult the Flood Plof iles and Floodway Data t ables contained w ithin the Fl ood Insur- ance Study IFISI report that accompanies this FIRM. Users should be aware that BFEs shown on the FIRM represent rounded whole-foot elevations. These BFEs are intendedfor floodinsurnnceratingpurposesonlyandshouldnotbeused as the sole source of f lood elevation informat ion . Accordingly, flood elevation dat a presented in t he FIS should be utilized in conjunction wit h the FIRM f or purposesofconstructionand/orfloodplainmanagement. Coastal Base Flood Elevation IBFEsJ shown on t his map apply only land· ward of 0.0' National Geodetic Vertical Di:,tum INGVD). Users of this Fl RM should be aware that coasta l f lood elevations may also be provided in t he Summary of St illwater El evati ons t11ble in the Flo od Insurance Study report for this community. Elevations shown in the Summary of Stillwater Elevations table should be used for construction, and/or f loodplain management purposes when theyarehig herthanthe e levationsshownonthisFIRM. Bound.iries of the floodw•y1 w ere computed at cross section:i .ind interpol.it ed between cross sections. The floodways were bas ed on hydraulic consid er11ti ons with regard t o requirements of the National Flood Insura nce Program. Floodway widths arid other ~rtinent f lo odway dat a are provided in the Flood Insurance Studvreportforthis jurisdiction. Certai n areas not in Special Flood Hazard Areas may be protected by flood control structures. Refer to Sect ion 2.4 "Flood Protection Measures• of the Flo od Insurance Study re port for information on flood control structu res inth;s jurisdict ion. The proj11ction used in the preparation of this map is Universal Tranve rse Mercator (UTM) zone 13. The horizontal datum is NAD83, GAS 1 980 spheroid. Differences in datum, spheroi d, projection o r UTM zones used in the production of FIRM S for adjacent juris dicti ons may resu lt in sl ight positional differences in map featu res across j urisdiction boundaries. These differences do notattect t heaccuracyoftheFIRM. Flood elevations on this map are referenced to t he Nationa l Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929. These f lood elevations must be compared to structure and ground elevations referenced to the same vertical datum. For information regard ing conversion between the Na tional Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 and the North American Vertical Dat um of 1988 . visit t he National Geodet ic Survey websitf! at www.ngs.noaa .gov or contact the National Geodetic Survey at the following address: Spatial Reference System Div ision National Geodetic Survey, NOAA Silver Spring Metro Center 1315East-WestHighway SilverSpring,Marylend20910 (301)713-3242 To obtain current elevation, description, and/or locat ion information for bench mark1 shown on t his map, please contact t he Information Se rvices Branch of t he National Geodetic Survey at 13011 713-3242, or v isit their website at w ww.ngs .nqaa.gov Base map informat ion shown on this FIRM w as provided in digital format by U.S. Geological Survey Digital Drthophoto Quadrangles produced at a scale of 1:12000 from photography dated September 20, 1993 or later. Corporate limit& shown on this map are based on the best data avai lable at the time of publication. Because changes due to annexations or de-annexations may have occurred after this map was published, map users should contact appropriat e community officials to verify cu rrent corporate limit locations . Please refer to the separately printed Map Inda"' for ar, overview map showin g thelayo utofmappanelsfor t his jurisdiction. An accompanying Flood Insurance Study report, Letters of Map Revision or Letters of Map Amendment re vising portions of this panel, and digital versions of this PANEL m ay be available. Contact the FEMA Map Service Center at the fol lowing phone numbers and Intern et address for infom atio n on 1111 related productsavailablefromFEMA; Phone: 800-358-96 16 FAX: 800-358-9620 www feroagovlm sc If you have quolltiona about thia map or questions concerning the National Flood Insurance Pro gram in general, please call 1-877-FEMA-MAP (1-877-336- 2627 ) or visit the FEMA website atwww.fema.gov. This map reflects more detailed and up-to-dat e stream channel configurations than those shown on the previous FIRM for this jurisdiction. T he f loodplains and l loodways that were t ransferred from the previous FIRM may have been adjusted to conform to these new stream channel configurations. As a resu lt , t he Flood Profiles and Floodway Data tabl es in t he Flood Insurance St udy report may reflect stream channel distances that differ f rom what is shown on t his map. 107°35'37,5 " -LEGEND SPECIAL FLOO D HAZARD AREAS SUBJECT TO INUNDATION BY THE 1 % ANNUAL CHANCE FLOOD EVENT The 1% arv,ual ahanca flood (100-year flood), also known as t he base flood, is the flood t hat has a 1% chance of being equaled or exce1Kh>d in any giv en year. Ths Sp&eial ~\0S~ .. ~::;-:a~100A?~ai: .. ~~eina:1~:"i'!~~~ t:, fl~<tniH:"' Ais~ l~, ;99~a~.0h:~ev~'."?rt .. Ars::: Flood €1.,valior, is lh" wal ..-~u,r,ico,..i o,valion of lho, 1 % .,,.,u..i ch ancn rlo od. ZONE A ZONEAE ZONE AH ZONE VE WJI ::~:ticdn"f~~~or~in~. to 3 1 .... 1 (usu ally areas ot ponding!; Flood depths of 1 to 3 f ""I (uSU lllly sh""I fl ow on slop ing te,rllin); =~:~~~er~~~:. det ermined. Far "'""" of l>lluviftl fan flooding , velo-c:ities Ares of special flood ha2ard formerly protected from the 1% ,mnual ch"nc" flood "vent by a flood control sys tem that was subsequently dece,tified . Zone AR indicate~ th..t the former flood control oystem i• t.e ing ,euored to provide protection from the 1% 81Vlu"I ch8nce ar g,M te,Hood event. Area to be protected fr om 1% ann ual chance flood event by a Fed..-.,1 ~:irn~~~~ctian oy&tem under con struction: no base flood "levations Coaotal flood 2on e with vel ocity hazard (w ave act ion ): no baoe flaad elevation s det ermined . ~~te~~~~~~ zone with velocity hazard lwave action); base flood elevations FLOO DWAY AREAS IN ZONE AE Tho, floodwny is th n ch,.,.,.,el of " slr<>nm plu s ""Y adjncl>flt floodpl.,in .,,.,.,. th at must bn k"Jlt free ol encroachm8f1t so that the 1% annual chance fl ood can be oarri&d without ~ubstantial in cr ea ses itl flood hnights . E ffl D ZONEX ZONED D OTHER FLOOD AREAS Are,is of 0.2 % annunl chnn"" flood;,.,.,.,. of 1% 11,munl ohano" flood w ith nverege depth• of less thi,tl 1 foot or with drninnge arens leu tha n ~l~f"r" mW n; and ,.,.,.,. prot<>cted by l"v"ns f rom 1 % ar>nu al oh ntlo" OTHER AREAS AreHdeterm inedtobe outside the 0.2%annual chance flcodplnin. Ar Ms in which flood hazards are undohrmined, but possit.l e. COASTAL BARRIER RESOURCES SYSTEM {CBRS) AREAS ~ OTHERWISE PROTECTE D AREAS (OPAs) CBRS areas and OP As are normally loc ated within ar adjaocnt to Spacia l Flood Hazard Area". 1%nnnual chancefloo~l•in boondsry 0.2%annualchancefloodpla inboundarv Floodwayboundary ©------------0 @-------@ 97°07'30 ',32"21'30' 4276IXO'vl 6DOOOO FT DX5510 X aM1.5 ZoneDboundary CBRSar,dOPAbcundary Bo<md.,ry dividing Special Flood Hnard Ar ens ol dlffercm Base Flood Elevation~, flood depths or vel ocities. Bas c Floo-dE lcvation line.,ndvalue;elevtttioninfeet • Geographic coordinates referenced to the North Americnn Oaturn ol 1983 1NA083) 1 000-met ar Un iv ersal Tra nsvarse Mnrcator grid valu es, zone 13 5000-lootgridt,ck• Bench mark (see expl anation in Note9 le Users section of this FIRM panel). Garfield County, County Courthouse, 109thEighthStreet, Suite 203, Gl enw oodSprina ,, C081601 !M opo ovailobl c fo,r.,fnrencn only,nctfcrdiotribution .) INITIA L IDENTIF IC ATION DEC EMBER 15,1977 FLOOD HAZARD BOUNDARY MAP REVISIONS FLOOD INSURANCE RATE MAP EFFECTIVE DECEMBER15,1977 FLO OD INSU RANCE RATE MAP REVIS IONS August 2, 2006: to updau corporate ~mi11, to add ban flood •l•vation •. 10 add 1pecial flood hazard arcH, to cr.ange •pecial f lood hazard areu, to chan ge zone designations, to addroad o androadname1,and to raflectupd atedtopographicinfarmation To determine if flood insu rntlc e is !IVn~a bl e in this community, contact yac. insutatlec agentorcall theNationalFloodlnsurancnProgram nt(8001638-6620 . MAP SCALE 1• = 500' 500 =___18:°~ET ============3~ETERS PANEL 1111C FIRM FLOOD INSURANCE RATE MAP GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO (UNINCORPORATED AREAS) PANEL 1111 OF 1900 (SEE MA.P INDEX FO R FIRM PANEL LAYoun CV,RFI EWOOUNTV. Utlr,,(;Ol'f'OFIAlEllN'IEAS NMi<e 10 u -: n,., Map N .... ~, .....,wn bolow or.t>U IO bo uood wMn plooing map ordeca; tM Gommu~lty N...,N, ol"lo·ttn :i:.,.:_,~i;:ay"'d i>o uK d on h uron<o op~lio oti""• for tho i'.lbjoo,t MAP NUMBER 0802051111C MAP REVISED: AUGUST 2, 2006 Federal Emergency Managemen1 Agency 39" 32'52"N 39" 32' 2'1' N N A Custom Soil Resource Report Soil Map Map Scale : 1:5,190 if printed on A landscape (11" x 8.5'') sheet ---====------======Meters 0 00 100 2Xl :n:J -----======---------=========Feet 0 250 000 1000 1000 Map pn:>jerjion : Web Meroltor Comer coordinates : WGS84 Edge tics: LTTM Zone 13N WGS84 6 39" 32'52"N 39" 32'2'1'N Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND Area of Interest (AOI) D Area of Interest (AOI) Soils D Soil Map Unit Polygons Soil Map Unit Lines □ Soil Map Unit Points Special Point Features ~ Blowout 181 Borrow Pit • Clay Spot 0 Closed Depression X Gravel Pit . Gravelly Spot .. Landfill A. Lava Flow Marsh or swamp 'A' Mine or Quarry 0 Miscellaneous Water 0 Perennial Water V Rock Outcrop + Saline Spot .. Sandy Spot . . . Severely Eroded Spot 0-Sinkhole 3» Slide or Slip ti SodicSpot I;! Spoil Area IJ Stony Spot (b Very Stony Spot '{}1 Wet Spot ~ Other ... , Special Line Features Water Features Streams and Canals Transportation -1-+-t Rails Interstate Highways US Routes Major Roads Local Roads Background • Aerial Photography 7 MAP INFORMATION The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning : Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale . Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map measurements. Source of Map : Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: Coordinate System : Web Mercator (EPSG :3857) Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator projection, which preserves direction and shape but distorts distance and area . A projection that preserves area , such as the Albers equal-area conic projection, should be used if more accurate calculations of distance or area are required . This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties Survey Area Data: Version 18, Aug 29, 2025 Soil map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales 1 :50 ,000 or larger. Date(s) aerial images were photographed: Aug 25, 2021-Sep 5,2021 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background Custom Soil Resource Report MAP LEGEND 8 MAP INFORMATION imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. Custom Soil Resource Report Table-Hydrologic Soil Group Map unit symbol Map unit name Rating 3 Arvada loam , 1 to 6 C percent slopes 27 Halaquepts, nearly level CID 28 Heldt clay loam , 1 to 3 C percent slopes 59 Potts-Ildefonso complex, C 25 to 45 percent slopes 65 Torrifluvents, nearly level C 72 Wann sandy loam , 1 to 3 ND percent slopes Totals for Area of Interest Rating Options-Hydrologic Soil Group Aggregation Method: Dominant Condition Component Percent Cutoff: None Specified Tie-break Rule: Higher 23 Acres in AOI Percent of AOI 0 .6 0 .9% 2 .3 3 .6% 0 .1 0 .2% 14.4 21 .8% 3.4 5 .1% 45 .1 68.4% 66.0 100.0% Custom Soil Resource Report Map Unit Legend Map Unit Symbol Map Unit Name Acres inAOI Percent of AOI 3 Arvada loam , 1 to 6 percent 0 .6 slopes 27 Halaquepts, nearly level 2.3 28 Heldt clay loam , 1 to 3 percent 0.1 slopes 59 Potts-Ildefonso complex , 25 to 14.4 45 percent slopes 65 Torrifluvents, nearly level 3.4 72 Wann sandy loam, 1 to 3 45.1 percent slopes Totals for Area of Interest 66.0 Map Unit Descriptions The map units delineated on the detailed soil maps in a soil survey represent the soils or miscellaneous areas in the survey area. The map unit descriptions, along with the maps, can be used to determine the composition and properties of a unit. A map unit delineation on a soil map represents an area dominated by one or more major kinds of soil or miscellaneous areas. A map unit is identified and named according to the taxonomic classification of the dominant soils. Within a taxonomic class there are precisely defined limits for the properties of the soils. On the landscape, however, the soils are natural phenomena, and they have the characteristic variability of all natural phenomena. Thus, the range of some observed properties may extend beyond the limits defined for a taxonomic class. Areas of soils of a single taxonomic class rarely, if ever, can be mapped without including areas of other taxonomic classes. Consequently, every map unit is made up of the soils or miscellaneous areas for which it is named and some minor components that belong to taxonomic classes other than those of the major soils. Most minor soils have properties similar to those of the dominant soil or soils in the map unit, and thus they do not affect use and management. These are called noncontrasting, or similar, components. They may or may not be mentioned in a particular map unit description. Other minor components, however, have properties and behavioral characteristics divergent enough to affect use or to require different management. These are called contrasting, or dissimilar, components. They generally are in small areas and could not be mapped separately because of the scale used. Some small areas of strongly contrasting soils or miscellaneous areas are identified by a special symbol on the maps. If included in the database for a given area, the contrasting minor components are identified in the map unit descriptions along with some characteristics of each. A few areas of minor components may not have been observed, and consequently they are not mentioned in the descriptions, especially where the pattern was so complex that it 9 0 .9% 3 .6% 0 .2% 21 .8% 5 .1% 68.4% 100.0% Custom Soil Resource Report was impractical to make enough observations to identify all the soils and miscellaneous areas on the landscape. The presence of minor components in a map unit in no way diminishes the usefulness or accuracy of the data. The objective of mapping is not to delineate pure taxonomic classes but rather to separate the landscape into landforms or landform segments that have similar use and management requirements. The delineation of such segments on the map provides sufficient information for the development of resource plans. If intensive use of small areas is planned, however, onsite investigation is needed to define and locate the soils and miscellaneous areas. An identifying symbol precedes the map unit name in the map unit descriptions. Each description includes general facts about the unit and gives important soil properties and qualities. Soils that have profiles that are almost alike make up a soil series. Except for differences in texture of the surface layer, all the soils of a series have major horizons that are similar in composition, thickness, and arrangement. Soils of one series can differ in texture of the surface layer, slope, stoniness, salinity, degree of erosion, and other characteristics that affect their use. On the basis of such differences, a soil series is divided into soil phases. Most of the areas shown on the detailed soil maps are phases of soil series. The name of a soil phase commonly indicates a feature that affects use or management. For example, Alpha silt loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is a phase of the Alpha series. Some map units are made up of two or more major soils or miscellaneous areas. These map units are complexes, associations, or undifferentiated groups. A complex consists of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas in such an intricate pattern or in such small areas that they cannot be shown separately on the maps. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar in all areas. Alpha-Beta complex, 0 to 6 percent slopes, is an example. An association is made up of two or more geographically associated soils or miscellaneous areas that are shown as one unit on the maps. Because of present or anticipated uses of the map units in the survey area, it was not considered practical or necessary to map the soils or miscellaneous areas separately. The pattern and relative proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas are somewhat similar. Alpha-Beta association, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. An undifferentiated group is made up of two or more soils or miscellaneous areas that could be mapped individually but are mapped as one unit because similar interpretations can be made for use and management. The pattern and proportion of the soils or miscellaneous areas in a mapped area are not uniform. An area can be made up of only one of the major soils or miscellaneous areas, or it can be made up of all of them. Alpha and Beta soils, 0 to 2 percent slopes, is an example. Some surveys include miscellaneous areas. Such areas have little or no soil material and support little or no vegetation. Rock outcrop is an example. 10 Custom Soil Resource Report Rifle Area, Colorado, Parts of Garfield and Mesa Counties 3-Arvada loam, 1 to 6 percent slopes Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: jnxv Elevation: 5,100 to 6,200 feet Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Map Unit Composition Arvada and similar soils: 80 percent Minor components: 5 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Arvada Setting Landform: Fans, terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Tread Down-slope shape: Linear, convex Across-slope shape: Linear, convex Parent material: Highly saline alluvium derived from sandstone and shale Typical profile H1 -0 to 3 inches: loam H2 -3 to 17 inches: silty clay loam H3 -17 to 60 inches: silty clay loam Properties and qualities Slope: 1 to 6 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Well drained Runoff class: High Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 10 percent Gypsum, maximum content: 2 percent Maximum salinity: Slightly saline to strongly saline (4.0 to 16.0 mmhos/cm) Sodium adsorption ratio, maximum: 30.0 Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Moderate {about 8.0 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): 7s Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7s Hydrologic Soil Group: C Ecological site: R034BY006UT -Alkali Flat (Greasewood) Hydric soil rating: No Minor Components Wann Percent of map unit: 5 percent Landform: Terraces 11 Custom Soil Resource Report Landform position (three-dimensional): Tread Hydric soil rating: Yes 27-Halaquepts, nearly level Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: jnxr Elevation: 5,400 to 7,400 feet Frost-free period: 101 to 135 days Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Map Unit Composition Halaquepts, nearly level, and similar soils: 85 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Halaquepts, Nearly Level Setting Landform: Valleys, fans, terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Tread Down-slope shape: Convex, linear Across-slope shape: Convex, linear Parent material: Alluvium Typical profile H1 -0 to 8 inches: clay loam H2 -8 to 24 inches: loam H3 -24 to 60 inches: stratified very gravelly cobbly sand Properties and qualities Slope: 0 to 6 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Poorly drained Runoff class: Medium Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high (0.20 to 0.60 in/hr) Depth to water table: About O inches Frequency of flooding: Occasional Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 10 percent Gypsum, maximum content: 5 percent Maximum salinity: Moderately saline to strongly saline (8.0 to 16.0 mmhos/cm) Sodium adsorption ratio, maximum: 30.0 Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Low (about 3.9 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (iffigated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 6w Hydrologic Soil Group: CID Hydric soil rating: Yes 12 Custom Soil Resource Report 28-Heldt clay loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: jnxs Elevation: 5,000 to 6,000 feet Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated Map Unit Composition Heldt and similar soils: 90 percent Estimates are based on obseNations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Heldt Setting Landform: Alluvial fans, valley sides Down-slope shape: Linear, convex Across-slope shape: Linear, convex Parent material: Fine-textured alluvium derived from sandstone and shale Typical profile H1 -0 to 8 inches: clay loam H2 -8 to 21 inches: clay loam H3 -21 to 60 inches: clay Properties and qualities Slope: 1 to 3 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Well drained Runoff class: Medium Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately low to moderately high (0.06 to 0.20 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 10 percent Gypsum, maximum content: 5 percent Maximum salinity: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Sodium adsorption ratio, maximum: 5.0 Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: High (about 10.2 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (i"igated): 3e Land capability classification (noni"igated): 3c Hydrologic Soil Group: C Ecological site: R034BY302UT -Upland Clay (Western Wheatgrass) Hydric soil rating: No 13 Custom Soil Resource Report 59-Potts-lldefonso complex, 25 to 45 percent slopes Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: jnyw Elevation: 5,000 to 6,500 feet Farmland classification: Not prime farmland Map Unit Composition Potts and similar soils: 60 percent Ildefonso and similar soils: 30 percent Estimates are based on obseNations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Potts Setting Landform: Alluvial fans, valley sides Down-slope shape: Linear, convex Across-slope shape: Linear, convex Parent material: Alluvium derived from basalt and/or alluvium derived from sandstone and shale Typical profile H1 -0 to 4 inches: loam H2 -4 to 28 inches: clay loam H3 -28 to 60 inches: loam Properties and qualities Slope: 25 to 40 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Well drained Runoff class: Very high Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high (0.20 to 0.60 in/hr) Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 15 percent Maximum salinity: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: High (about 10.3 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (i"igated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7e Hydrologic Soil Group: C Ecological site: R048AY306UT -Upland Loam (Wyoming Big Sagebrush) Hydric soil rating: No Description of Ildefonso Setting Landform: Valley sides, alluvial fans Down-slope shape: Convex 14 Custom Soil Resource Report Across-slope shape: Convex Parent material: Alluvium derived from basalt and/or alluvium derived from sandstone and shale Typical profile H1 -0 to 8 inches: stony loam H2 -8 to 60 inches: very stony loam Properties and qualities Slope: 25 to 45 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Well drained Runoff class: Medium Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high (0.60 to 6.00 in/hr} Depth to water table: More than 80 inches Frequency of flooding: None Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 35 percent Maximum salinity: Nonsaline to slightly saline (0.0 to 4.0 mmhos/cm} Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Low (about 5.1 inches} Interpretive groups Land capability classification (i"igated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7e Hydrologic Soil Group: A Ecological site: R034BY330UT -Upland Stony Loam {Pinyan-Utah Juniper} Hydric soil rating: No 65-Torrifluvents, nearly level Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: jnz3 Elevation: 5,000 to 7,000 feet Mean annual precipitation: 12 to 15 inches Mean annual air temperature: 46 to 48 degrees F Frost-free period: 90 to 120 days Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated and reclaimed of excess salts and sodium Map Unit Composition Torrifluvents and similar soils: 85 percent Minor components: 15 percent Estimates are based on observations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. Description of Torrifluvents Setting Landform: Flood plains, rivers, distributaries Down-slope shape: Convex, linear Across-slope shape: Convex, linear 15 Custom Soil Resource Report Parent material: Alluvium Typical profile H1 -0 to 36 inches: loam H2 -36 to 60 inches: sand Properties and qualities Slope: 0 to 6 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Moderately well drained Runoff class: Low Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): Moderately high to high (0.60 to 2.00 in/hr} Depth to water table: About 12 to 36 inches Frequency of flooding: Occasional Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 5 percent Gypsum, maximum content: 1 percent Maximum salinity: Very slightly saline to moderately saline (2.0 to 8.0 mmhos/cm} Sodium adsorption ratio, maximum: 2.0 Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: Moderate {about 7.6 inches} Interpretive groups Land capability classification (i"igated): None specified Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 7w Hydrologic Soil Group: C Hydric soil rating: No Minor Components Wann Percent of map unit: 10 percent Landform: Terraces Hydric soil rating: Yes Fluvaquents Percent of map unit: 5 percent Landform: Marshes Hydric soil rating: Yes 72-Wann sandy loam, 1 to 3 percent slopes Map Unit Setting National map unit symbol: jnzc Elevation: 5,000 to 6,500 feet Farmland classification: Prime farmland if irrigated and drained Map Unit Composition Wann and similar soils: 85 percent Minor components: 15 percent Estimates are based on obseNations, descriptions, and transects of the mapunit. 16 Custom Soil Resource Report Description of Wann Setting Landform: Valley floors, terraces Landform position (three-dimensional): Tread Down-slope shape: Convex, linear Across-slope shape: Convex, linear Parent material: Alluvium derived from sandstone and shale Typical profile H1 -0 to 8 inches: sandy loam H2 -8 to 60 inches: fine sandy loam Properties and qualities Slope: 1 to 3 percent Depth to restrictive feature: More than 80 inches Drainage class: Poorly drained Runoff class: Very low Capacity of the most limiting layer to transmit water (Ksat): High (2.00 to 6.00 in/hr) Depth to water table: About O inches Frequency of flooding: Occasional Frequency of ponding: None Calcium carbonate, maximum content: 10 percent Maximum salinity: Nonsaline to very slightly saline (0.0 to 2.0 mmhos/cm) Available water supply, 0 to 60 inches: High (about 9.7 inches) Interpretive groups Land capability classification (irrigated): 4w Land capability classification (nonirrigated): 6w Hydrologic Soil Group: AID Ecological site: R034BY024UT -Wet Saline Meadow (Inland saltgrass) Hydric soil rating: Yes Minor Components Torrifluvents Kim Percent of map unit: 5 percent Hydric soil rating: No Percent of map unit: 5 percent Hydric soil rating: No Arvada Percent of map unit: 5 percent Hydric soil rating: No 17 10/22/25, 10 :10AM Precipitation Frequency Data Server NOAA Atlas 14, Volume 8, Version 2 Location name: New Castle, Colorado, USA* Latitude: 39.5455°, Longitude: -107.6182° Elevation: 5461 ft** * source: ESRI Maps ** source : USGS POINT PRECIPITATION FREQUENCY ESTIMATES Sanja Perica, Deborah Martin, Sandra Pavlovic, lshani Roy, Michael St. Laurent, Ca~ Trypaluk, Dale Unruh, Michael Yekta, Geoffery Bonnin NOAA, National Weather Service , Silver Spring, Maryland PF tabular I PF gmghical I Mags & aerials PF tabular I PDS-based point precipitation frequency estimates with 90% confidence intervals (in inches)1 louration ll Average recurrence interval (years) 1 II 2 II 5 II 10 II 25 11 50 11 100 11 200 II 500 II 1000 I 5-min I 0.117 0.151 0.211 0.263 0.339 0.401 0.467 0.536 0.632 0.709 (0 .092-0 .149) (0 .118-0.193) (0 .164-0.270) (0.203-0 .338) (0 .255-0 .460) (0 .294-0 .552) (0 .330-0 .661) (0 .363-0 .784) (0 .412-0.955) (0 .449-1 .08) I 10-min I 0.172 0.222 0.309 0.385 0.496 0.588 0.683 0.785 0.926 1.04 (0.134-0.219) (0.173-0 .283) (0.240-0.395) (0.298-0 .495) (0 .373-0.674) (0.430-0 .808) (0 .483-0.968) (0.532-1 .15) (0 .603-1.40) (0.657-1 .59) I 15-min I 0.209 0.271 0.376 0.469 0.605 0.717 0.833 0.957 1.13 1.27 (0.164-0 .267) (0.211-0.345) (0 .293-0.482) (0.363-0 .604) (0.455-0.821) (0.525-0 .986) (0 .589-1 .18) (0.649-1 .40) (0 .736-1.71) (0 .801-1 .94) B 0.267 0.354 0.499 0.623 0.799 0.939 1.08 1.23 1.44 1.59 (0 .209-0 .341) (0 .276-0 .451) (0 .388-0 .638) (0.482-0 .801) (0 .598-1 .08) (0 .686-1 .28) (0 .764-1 .53) (0.833-1 .80) (0 .933-2 .16) (1 .01-2.44) I 60-min I 0.348 0.440 0.596 0.729 0.919 1.07 1.23 1.39 1.61 1.79 (0.272-0.444) (0.344-0 .562) (0.464-0.762) (0.564-0 .938) (0.689-1.24) (0. 783-1 .4 7) (0.867-1 .73) (0.941-2 .03) ( 1 . 05-2.43) (1.13-2.74) B 0.429 0.527 0.693 0.836 1.04 1.20 1.37 1.55 1.79 1.98 (0.339-0 .542) (0.416-0 .666) (0 .544-0 .878) (0 .653-1 .06) (0.787-1.39) (0.889-1 .63) (0 .979-1 .91) (1 .06-2 .23) (1.18-2.66) (1 .27-2.99) B 0.500 0.589 0.743 0.878 1.07 1.23 1.40 1.58 1.83 2.02 (0 .397-0 .628) (0.467-0 .740) (0 .587-0 .936) (0 .689-1 .11) (0 .820-1.42) (0 .918-1 .66) (1 .01-1 .94) (1 .09-2 .26) (1 .21-2.69) (1 .30-3 .02) B 0.625 0.720 0.881 1.02 1.22 1.38 1.55 1.73 1.97 2.16 (0 .500-0 .777) (0 .575-0 .895) (0 .702-1 .10) (0 .808-1 .28) (0 .939-1 .60) (1 .04-1 .84) (1.12-2 .12) (1 .20-2.43) (1 .32-2.86) (1.40-3 .18) ~ 0.767 0.884 1.08 I 1.25 II 1.49 II 1.68 II 1.88 II 2.09 II 2.37 I 2.59 0 .620-0 .944 (0 .714-1 .09) (0 .870-1 .34) (1 .00-1 .55) (1 .16-1 .92) (1 .28-2 .21) (1 .38-2 .53) (1.47-2 .89) (1.60-3.38) : (1 .70-3 .75) B 0.925 1.06 1.30 1.50 1.80 2.03 2.27 2.52 2.87 3.14 (0.754-1 .13) (0 .867-1 .30) (1.06-1 .59) (1 .22-1 .85) (1.41-2.29) (1 .55-2 .63) (1 .68-3.02) (1 . 79-3.45) (1.96-4.03) (2 .08-4.48) I 2-day I 1.09 1.24 1.51 1.74 2.08 2.34 2.62 2.92 3.32 3.64 (0 .895-1 .31) (1 .02-1 .50) (1 .24-1 .83) (1 .42-2 .12) (1 .64-2 .62) (1 .81-3 .00) (1 .96-3 .44) (2 .09-3 .94) (2 .29-4.61) (2.44-5 .12) I 3-day I 1.18 1.36 1.66 1.92 2.30 2.59 2.89 3.21 3.63 3.97 (0 .974-1 .41) (1 .12-1 .63) (1 .37-2 .00) (1 .58-2 .33) (1 .82-2 .87) (2 .01-3 .29) (2 .17-3.76) (2 .31-4 .28) (2 .52-4.99) (2 .68-5 .52) I 4-day I 1.25 1.45 1.78 2.06 2.46 2.76 3.08 3.40 3.84 4.18 (1.04-1.50) (1 .20-1.74) (1.48-2.14) (1 .70-2 .48) (1.96-3.05) (2 .15-3.48) (2 .32-3.98) (2.46-4 .51) (2.67-5.23) (2 .83-5.78) I 7-day II (1.2~~~75) II (1.i1~2~00J II (1.:9~2~41 ) II (1 .:2~2~77) II (2}9~3~36) II (2 .;9~3~80) II (2}tJ.3o) II (2.ici~~85) II (2.i1~~58) : (3 .08-6.13) I 4.49 I 10-day I 1.68 1.89 2.23 2.53 2.94 3.26 3.59 3.92 4.38 4.73 (1 .41-1 .98) (1 .58-2 .23) (1 .87-2 .64) (2 .10-3.00) (2 .37-3 .59) (2 .57-4 .04) (2 .74-4 .55) (2 .88-5 .10) (3 .09-5.84) (3 .26-6 .40) I 20-day I 2.21 I (2 .;8~~87) 11 (2 .:1-~3~34 ) 11 (2 .:8~3~74 ) 11 (2 .:1!~39) 11 (3.~!~88) 11 (3 .::5~43) 11 (3 .~~6~03) I 5.20 5.57 (1 .88-2 .58) (3 .71-6.81) (3 .88-7 .41) I 30-day I 2.64 2.93 3.40 3.79 4.32 4.71 5.11 5.50 6.01 6.40 (2 .26-3.07) (2 .50-3 .41) (2.90-3 .96) (3 .21-4 .43) (3.53-5.16) (3 .78-5 .70) (3 .96-6 .31) (4 .10-6.96) (4.32-7.79) (4.48-8.42) I 45-day I 3.19 3.56 4.14 4.61 5.24 5.70 6.15 6.59 7.15 7.55 (2 .74-3 .68) (3 .05-4 .11) (3 .54-4 .79) (3 .93-5 .36) (4 .30-6 .20) (4 .59-6 .84) (4 .80-7 .53) (4 .94-8.25) (5 .16-9.16) (5 .33-9 .85) I 60-day I 3.65 4.10 4.80 5.35 6.08 6.60 7.11 7.59 8.18 8.60 (3 .15-4.20) (3 .53-4 .71) (4 .12-5.52) (4 .57-6 .18) (5 .00-7 .14) (5 .33-7 .86) (5 .56-8 .63) (5 . 70-9.42) (5 .93-10.4) (6 .10-11.1) 1 Precipitation frequency (PF) estimates in this table are based on frequency analysis of partial duration series (PDS). Numbers in parenthesis are PF estimates at lower and upper bounds of the 90% confidence interval. The probability that precipitation frequency estimates (for a given duration and average recurrence interval) will be greater than the upper bound (or less than the lower bound) is 5%. Estimates at upper bounds are not checked against probable maximum precipitation (PMP) estimates and may be higher than currently valid PMP values . Please refer to NOAA Atlas 14 document for more information . Back to Tog PF graphical https://hdsc . nws .noaa .gov/pfds/pfds _printpage .html?lat=39.5455&Ion=-107 .6182&data=depth&units=english&series=pds I I I 1/4 PS 63 DB Solar 2 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Standards and Support Team, wetlands_team@fws.gov Wetlands Estuarine and Marine Deepwater Estuarine and Marine Wetland Freshwater Emergent Wetland Freshwater Forested/Shrub Wetland Freshwater Pond Lake Other Riverine November 14, 2023 0 0.5 10.25 mi 0 0.8 1.60.4 km 1:30,093 This page was produced by the NWI mapper National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) This map is for general reference only. The US Fish and Wildlife Service is not responsible for the accuracy or currentness of the base data shown on this map. All wetlands related data should be used in accordance with the layer metadata found on the Wetlands Mapper web site.■ □ I I I •• □ ■ □ ■ □ ■ Preliminary Drainage Report DB PS 63 Solar Project Garfield County, Colorado APPENDIX B HYDROLOGIC COMPUTATIONS CORE 11/6/2025 PS 63 DB Solar 2 - EXISTING CONDITIONS CORE Project #:23-161 Prepared By:CORE Consultants IMPERVIOUS CALCULATIONS -REFERENCE UDFCD Vol.1 RUNOFF Table 6-3 Low Density 0 - 3 du/ac Medium Density 3 - 5 du/ac High Density 5 - 20 du/ac Solar Panels Roof/ Concrete Asphalt/ Ponded Water Packed Gravel 2-7% Slope >7% Slope Historic Soil Type A Area Soil Type B Area Soil Type C/D Area % Imperv. 35.00% 55.00% 65.00% 5.00% 95.00% 95.00% 60.00% 5.00% 5.00% 2.00% Design Total Percent BASIN Point Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Impervious Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) EX-1 EX-1 - - - 6.81 - - 0.18 - - 1.65 8.65 5.6% - - 8.65 EX-2 EX-2 - - - 2.28 - - - - - 5.89 8.17 2.8% - - 8.17 EX-3 EX-3 - - - 0.20 - - - - - 11.83 12.03 2.1% - - 12.03 EX-4 EX-4 - - - - - - - - - 6.09 6.09 2.0% - - 6.09 EX-5 EX-5 - - - - - - - - - 6.07 6.07 2.0% - - 6.07 O-1 O-1 - - - - - - - - - 3.05 3.05 2.0% - - 3.05 O-2 O-2 - - - - - - - - - 7.34 7.34 2.0% - - 7.34 O-3 O-3 - - - - - - - - - 13.83 13.83 2.0% - - 13.83 Soil TypeLandscape AreaSingle Family Residential CORE Consultants, Inc. PS 63 DB Solar 2 - EXISTING CONDITIONS CORE Project #:23-161 Prepared By:CORE Consultants COMPOSITE DEVELOPED BASIN WEIGHTED "C" CALCULATIONS -REFERENCE UDFCD Vol.1 RUNOFF Table 6-4 i = % imperviousness/100 expressed as a decimal CA = Runoff coefficient for NRCS HSG A soils CB = Runoff coefficient for NRCS HSG B soils CCD = Runoff coefficient for NRCS HSG C and D soils. Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) Runoff Coefficients, C Basin Total Weighted Runoff Coefficients, C 2-Year 5-Year 10-Year 100-Year Area Area 2-Year 5-Year 10-Year 100-Year A 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.15 EX-1 5.6% 0.06 B 0.03 0.04 0.10 0.45 8.65 0.03 0.08 0.17 0.51 C or D 0.03 0.08 0.17 0.51 8.65 A 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.13 EX-2 2.8% 0.03 B 0.01 0.02 0.08 0.44 8.17 0.02 0.06 0.15 0.50 C or D 0.02 0.06 0.15 0.50 8.17 A 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.13 EX-3 2.1% 0.02 B 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.44 12.03 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.49 C or D 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.49 12.03 A 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.13 EX-4 2.0% 0.02 B 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.44 6.09 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.49 C or D 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.49 6.09 A 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.13 EX-5 2.0% 0.02 B 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.44 6.07 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.49 C or D 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.49 6.07 Basin ID Soil Type% Imperv.i Table 6-4. Runo ff coefficienl equal ions based on :'\'R CS soil group and s corm r<'turn period NRCS Stonn Return Period oil 2-Year 5-Year IO-Y ea r 25-Year 50-Year JOO-Year 500-Year Group A CA= CA= CA= CA = CA= CA= CA = 0 .8 4i1•302 0.86i 1·.r6 0 .81i 1•232 0 .84i1•124 0.85 i+0 .025 0 . 78i+O. J I 0 0.65 i+0 .2 54 B Ca= Cs = Ce= Ca = Cs= Cs = Cs = 0 .84i1•169 0.86il.OH 0.S li+0 .057 0 .63 i+0 .2 49 0.56i+0 .328 0.47i+0 .426 0.3 7;+0.536 CID Cc:o= C CJD= C== C== Cc/D= C c/D= Cc/D= 0 .83;1.1 22 0.8 2i+0 .03 5 0. 74i+O. I 32 0 .56i+0 .3 I 9 0.49i+0 .3 93 0.4 li+0.484 0.3 2i+0 .588 Runoff Coefficients, C Basin Total Weighted Runoff Coefficients, C 2-Year 5-Year 10-Year 100-Year Area Area 2-Year 5-Year 10-Year 100-Year Basin ID Soil Type% Imperv.i A 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.13 O-1 2.0% 0.02 B 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.44 3.05 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.49 C or D 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.49 3.05 A 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.13 O-2 2.0% 0.02 B 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.44 7.34 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.49 C or D 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.49 7.34 A 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.13 O-3 2.0% 0.02 B 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.44 13.83 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.49 C or D 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.49 13.83 PS 63 DB Solar 2 - EXISTING CONDITIONS CORE Project #:23-161 Prepared By:CORE Consultants TIME OF CONCENTRATION CALCULATIONS | BASIN A -REFERENCE UDFCD Vol.1 Section 2.4 NRCS Conveyance factors, K -REFERENCE UDFCD Vol.1 RUNOFF Table 6-2 SF-2 Heavy Meadow 3 Short Grass Pasture & Lawns 7 Grassed Waterway 15 Tillage/field 5 Nearly Bare Ground 10 Paved Area & Shallow Gutter 20 SUB-BASIN INITIAL / OVERLAND CHANNEL / TRAVEL TIME FINAL DATA TIME T(t)T(c) DRAIN AREA C(5)Length Slope T(i)Length Slope Coeff.Velocity T(t)COMP.USDCM BASIN ac.ft.%min ft.%fps min.T(c)Eq . 6-5 min. EX-1 8.65 0.08 80 5.7 9.3 1300 1.2 5 0.6 39.2 48.5 5.6% 45.1 45.1 EX-2 8.17 0.06 450 1.9 32.4 1400 0.6 5 0.4 61.5 93.9 2.8% 58.3 58.3 EX-3 12.03 0.05 500 1.1 40.6 900 0.5 5 0.4 41.3 81.9 2.1% 47.9 47.9 EX-4 6.09 0.05 450 1.0 40.2 850 0.4 5 0.3 43.2 83.4 2.0% 49.0 49.0 EX-5 6.07 0.05 500 0.7 48.6 150 0.7 5 0.4 6.1 54.7 2.0% 29.0 29.0 O-1 3.05 0.05 400 1.8 31.5 1000 0.2 5 0.2 74.5 106.0 2.0% 65.8 65.8 O-2 7.34 0.05 270 1.1 30.4 1650 0.8 5 0.4 62.0 92.3 2.0% 59.0 59.0 O-3 13.83 0.05 125 1.6 18.1 1650 0.8 5 0.4 62.0 80.1 2.0% 59.0 59.0 % IMPER- VIOUS (URBANIZED BASINS) T(c) CHECK PS 63 DB Solar 2 - EXISTING CONDITIONS CORE Project #:23-161 Prepared By:CORE Consultants RATIONAL METHOD PEAK RUNOFF 5-Year STORM Rainfall Depth-Duration-Frequency (1-hr) =0.596 SF-3 -REFERENCE UDFCD Vol.1 EQ 5-1 & EQ 6-1 BASIN INFORMATON DIRECT RUNOFF DESIGN DRAIN AREA 5yr Runoff T(c)C x A I Q POINT BASIN ac.COEFF min in/hr cfs EX-1 EX-1 8.65 0.08 45.1 0.70 0.73 0.51 EX-2 EX-2 8.17 0.06 58.3 0.48 0.61 0.29 EX-3 EX-3 12.03 0.05 47.9 0.62 0.70 0.44 EX-4 EX-4 6.09 0.05 49.0 0.31 0.69 0.22 EX-5 EX-5 6.07 0.05 29.0 0.31 0.95 0.30 O-1 O-1 3.05 0.05 65.8 0.16 0.57 0.09 O-2 O-2 7.34 0.05 59.0 0.38 0.61 0.23 O-3 O-3 13.83 0.05 59.0 0.71 0.61 0.43 PS 63 DB Solar 2 - EXISTING CONDITIONS CORE Project #:23-161 Prepared By:CORE Consultants RATIONAL METHOD PEAK RUNOFF 100-YR STORM SF-3 Rainfall Depth-Duration-Frequency (1-hr) =1.23 -REFERENCE UDFCD Vol.1 EQ 5-1 & EQ 6-1 BASIN INFORMATON DIRECT RUNOFF DESIGN DRAIN AREA 100YR RUNNOFF T(c)C x A I Q POINT BASIN ac.COEFF min in/hr cfs EX-1 EX-1 8.65 0.51 45.1 4.38 1.50 6.58 EX-2 EX-2 8.17 0.50 58.3 4.05 1.27 5.13 EX-3 EX-3 12.03 0.49 47.9 5.92 1.44 8.55 EX-4 EX-4 6.09 0.49 49.0 3.00 1.42 4.26 EX-5 EX-5 6.07 0.49 29.0 2.99 1.97 5.89 O-1 O-1 3.05 0.49 65.8 1.50 1.17 1.75 O-2 O-2 7.34 0.49 59.0 3.61 1.26 4.54 O-3 O-3 13.83 0.49 59.0 6.81 1.26 8.55 11/6/2025 PS 63 DB Solar 2 - PROPOSED CONDITIONS CORE Project #:23-161 Prepared By:CORE Consultants IMPERVIOUS CALCULATIONS -REFERENCE UDFCD Vol.1 RUNOFF Table 6-3 Low Density 0 - 3 du/ac Medium Density 3 - 5 du/ac High Density 5 - 20 du/ac Solar Panels Roof/ Concrete Asphalt/ Ponded Water Packed Gravel 2-7% Slope >7% Slope Historic Soil Type A Area Soil Type B Area Soil Type C/D Area % Imperv. 35.00% 55.00% 65.00% 5.00% 95.00% 95.00% 60.00% 5.00% 5.00% 2.00% Design Total Percent BASIN Point Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) Impervious Area (ac) Area (ac) Area (ac) PR-1 PR-1 - - - 7.03 - - 0.41 - - 1.22 8.65 7.2% - - 8.65 PR-2 PR-2 - - - 6.94 - - 0.04 - - 1.19 8.17 4.9% - - 8.17 PR-3 PR-3 - - - 7.43 - - - - - 4.60 12.03 3.9% - - 12.03 PR-4 PR-4 - - - 2.16 - - - - - 3.93 6.09 3.1% - - 6.09 PR-5 PR-5 - - - - - - - - - 6.07 6.07 2.0% - - 6.07 Soil TypeLandscape AreaSingle Family Residential CORE Consultants, Inc. PS 63 DB Solar 2 - PROPOSED CONDITIONS CORE Project #:23-161 Prepared By:CORE Consultants COMPOSITE DEVELOPED BASIN WEIGHTED "C" CALCULATIONS -REFERENCE UDFCD Vol.1 RUNOFF Table 6-4 i = % imperviousness/100 expressed as a decimal CA = Runoff coefficient for NRCS HSG A soils CB = Runoff coefficient for NRCS HSG B soils CCD = Runoff coefficient for NRCS HSG C and D soils. Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) Runoff Coefficients, C Basin Total Weighted Runoff Coefficients, C 2-Year 5-Year 10-Year 100-Year Area Area 2-Year 5-Year 10-Year 100-Year A 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.17 PR-1 7.2% 0.07 B 0.04 0.05 0.11 0.46 8.65 0.04 0.09 0.18 0.51 C or D 0.04 0.09 0.18 0.51 8.65 A 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.15 PR-2 4.9% 0.05 B 0.02 0.03 0.10 0.45 8.17 0.03 0.07 0.17 0.50 C or D 0.03 0.07 0.17 0.50 8.17 A 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.14 PR-3 3.9% 0.04 B 0.02 0.02 0.09 0.44 12.03 0.02 0.07 0.16 0.50 C or D 0.02 0.07 0.16 0.50 12.03 A 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.13 PR-4 3.1% 0.03 B 0.01 0.02 0.08 0.44 6.09 0.02 0.06 0.15 0.50 C or D 0.02 0.06 0.15 0.50 6.09 A 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.13 PR-5 2.0% 0.02 B 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.44 6.07 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.49 C or D 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.49 6.07 Basin ID Soil Type% Imperv.i Table 6-4. Runo ff coefficienl equal ions based on :'\'R CS soil group and s corm r<'turn period NRCS Stonn Return Period oil 2-Year 5-Year IO-Y ea r 25-Year 50-Year JOO-Year 500-Year Group A CA= CA= CA= CA = CA= CA= CA = 0 .8 4i1•302 0.86i 1·.r6 0 .81i 1•232 0 .84i1•124 0.85 i+0 .025 0 . 78i+O. J I 0 0.65 i+0 .2 54 B Ca= Cs = Ce= Ca = Cs= Cs = Cs = 0 .84i1•169 0.86il.OH 0.S li+0 .057 0 .63 i+0 .2 49 0.56i+0 .328 0.47i+0 .426 0.3 7;+0.536 CID Cc:o= C CJD= C== C== Cc/D= C c/D= Cc/D= 0 .83;1.1 22 0.8 2i+0 .03 5 0. 74i+O. I 32 0 .56i+0 .3 I 9 0.49i+0 .3 93 0.4 li+0.484 0.3 2i+0 .588 PS 63 DB Solar 2 - PROPOSED CONDITIONS CORE Project #:23-161 Prepared By:CORE Consultants TIME OF CONCENTRATION CALCULATIONS | BASIN A -REFERENCE UDFCD Vol.1 Section 2.4 NRCS Conveyance factors, K -REFERENCE UDFCD Vol.1 RUNOFF Table 6-2 SF-2 Heavy Meadow 3 Short Grass Pasture & Lawns 7 Grassed Waterway 15 Tillage/field 5 Nearly Bare Ground 10 Paved Area & Shallow Gutter 20 SUB-BASIN INITIAL / OVERLAND CHANNEL / TRAVEL TIME FINAL DATA TIME T(t)T(c) DRAIN AREA C(5)Length Slope T(i)Length Slope Coeff.Velocity T(t)COMP.USDCM BASIN ac.ft.%min ft.%fps min.T(c)Eq . 6-5 min. PR-1 8.65 0.09 80 5.7 9.2 1300 1.2 5 0.6 39.2 48.3 7.2% 44.4 44.4 PR-2 8.17 0.07 450 1.9 31.9 1400 0.6 5 0.4 61.5 93.4 4.9% 57.0 57.0 PR-3 12.03 0.07 500 1.1 40.0 900 0.5 5 0.4 41.3 81.4 3.9% 47.0 47.0 PR-4 6.09 0.06 450 1.0 39.8 850 0.4 5 0.3 43.2 83.1 3.1% 48.4 48.4 PR-5 6.07 0.05 500 0.7 48.6 150 0.7 5 0.4 6.1 54.7 2.0% 29.0 29.0 % IMPER- VIOUS (URBANIZED BASINS) T(c) CHECK PS 63 DB Solar 2 - PROPOSED CONDITIONS CORE Project #:23-161 Prepared By:CORE Consultants RATIONAL METHOD PEAK RUNOFF 5-Year STORM Rainfall Depth-Duration-Frequency (1-hr) =0.596 SF-3 -REFERENCE UDFCD Vol.1 EQ 5-1 & EQ 6-1 BASIN INFORMATON DIRECT RUNOFF DESIGN DRAIN AREA 5yr Runoff T(c)C x A I Q POINT BASIN ac.COEFF min in/hr cfs PR-1 PR-1 8.65 0.09 44.4 0.81 0.73 0.60 PR-2 PR-2 8.17 0.07 57.0 0.61 0.62 0.38 PR-3 PR-3 12.03 0.07 47.0 0.80 0.71 0.57 PR-4 PR-4 6.09 0.06 48.4 0.37 0.69 0.25 PR-5 PR-5 6.07 0.05 29.0 0.31 0.95 0.30 PS 63 DB Solar 2 - PROPOSED CONDITIONS CORE Project #:23-161 Prepared By:CORE Consultants RATIONAL METHOD PEAK RUNOFF 100-YR STORM SF-3 Rainfall Depth-Duration-Frequency (1-hr) =1.23 -REFERENCE UDFCD Vol.1 EQ 5-1 & EQ 6-1 BASIN INFORMATON DIRECT RUNOFF DESIGN DRAIN AREA 100YR RUNNOFF T(c)C x A I Q POINT BASIN ac.COEFF min in/hr cfs PR-1 PR-1 8.65 0.51 44.4 4.44 1.52 6.73 PR-2 PR-2 8.17 0.50 57.0 4.12 1.29 5.30 PR-3 PR-3 12.03 0.50 47.0 6.01 1.46 8.78 PR-4 PR-4 6.09 0.50 48.4 3.02 1.43 4.33 PR-5 PR-5 6.07 0.49 29.0 2.99 1.97 5.89 Preliminary Drainage Report DB PS 63 Solar Project Garfield County, Colorado APPENDIX C REFERENCES CORE Hydrologic Response of Solar Farms Lauren M. Cook, S.M.ASCE 1; and Richard H. McCuen, M.ASCE 2 Abstract:Because of the benefits of solar energy, the number of solar farms is increasing; however, their hydrologic impacts have not been studied. The goal of this study was to determine the hydrologic effects of solar farms and examinewhether or not storm-water management is needed to control runoff volumes and rates. A model of a solar farm was used to simulate runoff for two conditions: the pre- and postpaneled conditions. Using sensitivity analyses, modeling showed that the solar panels themselves did not have a significant effect on the runoff volumes, peaks, or times to peak. However, if the ground cover under the panels is gravel or bare ground, owing to design decisions or lack of maintenance, the peak discharge may increase significantly with storm-water management needed. In addition, the kinetic energy of the flow that drains from the panels was found to be greater than that of the rainfall, which could cause erosion at the base of the panels. Thus, it is recommended that the grass beneath the panels be well maintained or that a buffer strip be placed after the most downgradient row of panels. This study, along with design recommendations, can be used as a guide for the future design of solar farms.DOI:10.1061/(ASCE) HE.1943-5584.0000530.© 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers. CE Database subject headings:Hydrology; Land use; Solar power; Floods; Surface water; Runoff; Stormwater management. Author keywords:Hydrology; Land use change; Solar energy; Flooding; Surface water runoff; Storm-water management. Introduction Storm-water management practices are generally implemented to reverse the effects of land-cover changes that cause increases in volumes and rates of runoff. This is a concern posed for new types of land-cover change such as the solar farm. Solar energy is a re- newable energy source that is expected to increase in importance in the near future. Because solar farms require considerable land, it is necessary to understand the design of solar farms and their potential effect on erosion rates and storm runoff, especially the impact on offsite properties and receiving streams. These farms can vary in size from 8 ha (20 acres) in residential areas to 250 ha (600 acres) in areas where land is abundant. The solar panels are impervious to rain water; however, they are mounted on metal rods and placed over pervious land. In some cases, the area below the panel is paved or covered with gravel. Service roads are generally located between rows of panels. Altl- hough some panels are stationary, others are designed to move so that the angle of the panel varies with the angle of the sun. The angle can range, depending on the latitude, from 22° during the summer months to 74° during the winter months. In addition, the angle and direction can also change throughout the day. The issue posed is whether or not these rows of impervious panels will change the runoff characteristics of the site, specifically increase runoff volumes or peak discharge rates. If the increases are hydro- logically significant, storm-water management facilities may be needed. Additionally, it is possible that the velocity of water draining from the edge of the panels is sufficient to cause erosion of the soil below the panels, especially where the maintenance roadways are bare ground. The outcome of this study provides guidance for assessing the hydrologic effects of solar farms, which is important to those who plan, design, and install arrays of solar panels. Those who design solar farms may need to provide for storm-water management. This study investigated the hydrologic effects of solar farms, assessed whether or not storm-water management might be needed, and if the velocity of the runoff from the panels could be sufficient to cause erosion of the soil below the panels. Model Development Solar farms are generally designed to maximize the amount of en- ergy produced per unit of land area, while still allowing space for maintenance. The hydrologic response of solar farms is not usually considered in design. Typically, the panels will be arrayed in long rows with separations between the rows to allow for maintenance vehicles. To model a typical layout, a unit width of one panel was assumed, with the length of the downgradient strip depending on the size of the farm. For example, a solar farm with 30 rows of 200 panels each could be modeled as a strip of 30 panels with space between the panels for maintenance vehicles. Rainwater that drains from the upper panel onto the ground will flow over the land under the 29 panels on the downgradient strip. Depending on the land cover, infiltration losses would be expected as the runoff flows to the bottom of the slope. To determine the effects that the solar panels have on runoff characteristics, a model of a solar farm was developed. Runoff in the form of sheet flow without the addition of the solar panels served as the prepaneled condition. The paneled condition assumed a downgradient series of cells with one solar panel per ground cell. Each cell was separated into three sections: wet, dry, and spacer. The dry section is that portion directly underneath the solar panel, unexposed directly to the rainfall. As the angle of the panel from the horizontal increases, more of the rain will fall directly onto 1Research Assistant, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-3021. 2The Ben Dyer Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineer- ing, Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-3021 (corresponding author). E-mail: rhmccuen@eng.umd.edu Note. This manuscript was submitted on August 12, 2010; approved on October 20,2011; published online on October 24,2011. Discussion period open until October 1, 2013; separate discussions must be submitted for individual papers. This paper is part of the Journal of Hydrologic Engi- neering, Vol. 18, No. 5, May 1, 2013. © ASCE, ISSN 1084-0699/2013/5- 536-541/$25.00. 536 / JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING © ASCE / MAY 2013 J. Hydrol. Eng., 2013, 18(5): 536-541 Do w n l o a d e d f r o m a s c e l i b r a r y . o r g b y E l i J o h n s o n o n 1 2 / 0 3 / 1 8 . C o p y r i g h t A S C E . F o r p e r s o n a l u s e o n l y ; a l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d . the ground; this section of the cell is referred to as the wet section. The spacer section is the area between the rows of panels used by maintenancevehicles. Fig.1 is an image of two solar panels and the spacer section allotted for maintenance vehicles. Fig.2 is a sche- matic of the wet, dry, and spacer sections with their respective di- mensions. In Fig.1, tracks from the vehicles are visible on what is modeled within as the spacer section. When the solar panel is hori- zontal, then the length longitudinal to the direction that runoff will occur is the length of the dry and wet sections combined. Runoff from a dry section drains onto the downgradient spacer section. Runoff from the spacer section flows to the wet section of the next downgradient cell. Water that drains from a solar panel falls directly onto the spacer section of that cell. The length of the spacer section is constant. During a storm event, the loss rate was assumed constant for the 24-h storm be- cause a wet antecedent condition was assumed. The lengths of the wet and dry sections changed depending on the angle of the solar panel. The total length of the wet and dry sections was set equal to the length of one horizontal solar panel, which was as- sumed to be 3.5 m. When a solar panel is horizontal, the dry section length would equal 3.5 m and the wet section length would be zero. In the paneled condition, the dry section does not receive direct rainfall because the rain first falls onto the solar panel then drains onto the spacer section. However, the dry section does infiltrate some of the runoff that comes from the upgradient wet section. The wet section was modeled similar to the spacer section with rain falling directly onto the section and assuming a constant loss rate. For the presolar panel condition, the spacer and wet sections are modeled the same as in the paneled condition; however, the cell does not include a dry section. In the prepaneled condition, rain falls directly onto the entire cell. When modeling the prepaneled condition, all cells receive rainfall at the same rate and are subject to losses. All other conditions were assumed to remain the same such that the prepaneled and paneled conditions can be compared. Rainfall was modeled after an natural resources conservation service (NRCS) Type II Storm (McCuen 2005) because it is an ac- curate representation of actual storms of varying characteristics that are imbedded in intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves. For each duration of interest, a dimensionless hyetograph was devel- oped using a time increment of 12 s over the duration of the storm (see Fig.3). The depth of rainfall that corresponds to each storm magnitude was then multiplied by the dimensionless hyetograph. For a 2-h storm duration, depths of 40.6, 76.2, and 101.6 mm were used for the 2-, 25-, and 100-year events. The 2- and 6-h duration hyetographs were developed using the center portion of the 24-h storm, with the rainfall depths established with the Baltimore IDF curve. The corresponding depths for a 6-h duration were 53.3, 106.7, and 132.1 mm, respectively. These magnitudes were chosen to give a range of storm conditions. During each time increment, the depth of rain is multiplied by the cell area to determine the volume of rain added to each section of each cell. This volume becomes the storage in each cell. Depend- ing on the soil group, a constant volume of losses was subtracted from the storage. The runoff velocity from a solar panel was calcu- lated using Manning’s equation, with the hydraulic radius for sheet flow assumed to equal the depth of the storage on the panel (Bedient and Huber 2002). Similar assumptions were made to com- pute the velocities in each section of the surface sections. Fig. 1.Maintenance or “spacer”section between two rows of solar panels (photo by John E. Showler, reprinted with permission) Fig. 2.Wet, dry, and spacer sections of a single cell with lengths Lw, Ls, and Ld with the solar panel covering the dry section Fig. 3.Dimensionless hyetograph of 2-h Type II storm JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING © ASCE / MAY 2013 /537 J. Hydrol. Eng., 2013, 18(5): 536-541 Do w n l o a d e d f r o m a s c e l i b r a r y . o r g b y E l i J o h n s o n o n 1 2 / 0 3 / 1 8 . C o p y r i g h t A S C E . F o r p e r s o n a l u s e o n l y ; a l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d . Lw ld ls Dire ction of Fl ow Wet sect i on Dry sect i on Sp ace r sect i on 5 m 3 .5 m 4 m 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Time (min) Runoff from one section to the next and then to the next downgradient cell was routed using the continuity of mass. The routing coefficient depended on the depth of flow in storage and the velocity of runoff. Flow was routed from the wet section to the dry section to the spacer section, with flow from the spacer section draining to the wet section of the next cell. Flow from the most downgradient cell was assumed to be the outflow. Discharge rates and volumes from the most downgradient cell were used for com- parisons between the prepaneled and paneled conditions. Alternative Model Scenarios To assess the effects of the different variables, a section of 30 cells, each with a solar panel, was assumed for the base model. Each cell was separated individually into wet, dry, and spacer sections. The area had a total ground length of 225 m with a ground slope of 1% and width of 5 m, which was the width of an average solar panel. The roughness coefficient (Engman 1986) for the silicon solar panel was assumed to be that of glass, 0.01. Roughness coefficients of 0.15 for grass and 0.02 for bare ground were also assumed. Loss rates of 0.5715 cm=h(0.225 in:=h) and 0.254 cm=h(0.1 in:=h) for B and C soils, respectively, were assumed. The prepaneled condition using the 2-h, 25-year rainfall was assumed for the base condition, with each cell assumed to have a good grass cover condition. All other analyses were made assum- ing a paneled condition. Formost scenarios, the runoff volumes and peak discharge rates from the paneled model were not significantly greater than those for the prepaneled condition. Over a total length of 225 m with 30 solar panels, the runoff increased by 0.26 m3, which was a difference of only 0.35%. The slight increase in runoff volume reflects the slightly higher velocities for the paneled con- dition. The peak discharge increased by 0.0013 m3, a change of only 0.31%. The time to peak was delayed by one time increment, i.e., 12 s. Inclusion of the panels did not have a significant hydro- logic impact. Storm Magnitude The effect of storm magnitude was investigated by changing the magnitude from a 25-year storm to a 2-year storm. For the 2-year storm, the rainfall and runoff volumes decreased by approximately 50%. However, the runoff from the paneled watershed condition increased compared to the prepaneled condition by approximately the samevolume as for the 25-year analysis,0.26 m3 . This increase represents only a 0.78% increase in volume. The peak discharge and the time to peak did not change significantly. These results re- flect runofffrom a good grass cover condition and indicated that the general conclusion of very minimal impacts was the same for dif- ferent storm magnitudes. Ground Slope The effect of the downgradient ground slope of the solar farm was also examined. The angle of the solar panels would influence the velocity of flows from the panels. As the ground slope was in- creased, the velocity of flow over the ground surface would be closer to that on the panels. This could cause an overall increase in discharge rates. The ground slope was changed from 1 to 5%, with all other conditions remaining the same as the base conditions. With the steeper incline, the volume of losses decreased from that for the 1% slope, which is to be expected because the faster velocity of the runoff would provide less opportunity for infiltra- tion. However, between the prepaneled and paneled conditions, the increase in runoff volume was less than 1%. The peak discharge and the time to peak did not change. Therefore, the greater ground slope did not significantly influence the response of the solar farm. Soil Type The effect of soil type on the runoff was also examined. The soil group was changed from B soil to C soil by varying the loss rate. As expected, owing to the higher loss rate for the C soil, the depths of runoff increased by approximately 7.5% with the C soil when com- pared with the volume for B soils. However, the runoff volume for the C soil condition only increased by 0.17% from the prepaneled condition to the paneled condition. In comparison with the B soil, a difference of 0.35% involume resulted between the two conditions. Therefore, the soil group influenced the actual volumes and rates, but not the relative effect of the paneled condition when compared to the prepaneled condition. Panel Angle Because runoff velocities increasewith slope, the effect of the angle of the solar panel on the hydrologic responsewas examined. Analy- ses were made for angles of 30° and 70° to test an average range from winter to summer. The hydrologic response for these angles was compared to that of the base condition angle of 45°. The other site conditions remained the same. The analyses showed that the angle of the panel had only a slight effect on runoff volumes and discharge rates. The lower angle of 30° was associated with an in- creased runoff volume, whereas the runoff volume decreased for the steeper angle of 70° when compared with the base condition of 45°. However, the differences (~0.5%) were very slight. Never- theless, these results indicate that, when the solar panel was closer to horizontal, i.e., at a lower angle, a larger difference in runoff volume occurred between the prepaneled and paneled conditions. These differences in the response result are from differences in loss rates. The peak discharge was also lower at the lower angle. At an angle of 30°, the peak discharge was slightly lower than at the higher angle of 70°. For the 2-h storm duration, the time to peak of the 30° angle was 2 min delayed from the time to peak of when the panel was positioned at a 70° angle, which reflects the longer travel times across the solar panels. Storm Duration To assess the effect of storm duration, analyses were made for 6-h storms, testing magnitudes for 2-, 25-, and 100-year return periods, with the results compared with those for the 2-h rainfall events. The longer storm duration was tested to determine whether a longer du- ration storm would produce a different ratio of increase in runoff between the prepaneled and paneled conditions. When compared to runoff volumes from the 2-h storm, those for the 6-h storm were 34% greater in both the paneled and prepaneled cases. However, when comparing the prepaneled to the paneled condition, the in- crease in the runoff volume with the 6-h storm was less than 1% regardless of the return period. The peak discharge and the time-to-peak did not differ significantly between the two condi- tions. The trends in the hydrologic response of the solar farm did not vary with storm duration. Ground Cover Theground coverunder the panels was assumed to be a nativegrass that received little maintenance. For some solar farms, the area be- neath the panel is covered in gravel or partially paved because the panels prevent the grass from receiving sunlight. Depending on the 538 / JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING © ASCE / MAY 2013 J. Hydrol. Eng., 2013, 18(5): 536-541 Do w n l o a d e d f r o m a s c e l i b r a r y . o r g b y E l i J o h n s o n o n 1 2 / 0 3 / 1 8 . C o p y r i g h t A S C E . F o r p e r s o n a l u s e o n l y ; a l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d . volume of traffic, the spacer cell could be grass, patches of grass, or bare ground. Thus, it was necessary to determine whether or not these alternative ground-cover conditions would affect the runoff characteristics. This was accomplished by changing the Manning’s n for the ground beneath the panels. The value of n under the pan- els, i.e., the dry section, was set to 0.015 for gravel, with the value for the spacer or maintenance section set to 0.02, i.e., bare ground. These can be compared to the base condition of a native grass (n ¼0.15). A good cover should promote losses and delay the runoff. For the smoother surfaces, the velocity of the runoff increased and the losses decreased, which resulted in increasing runoff vol- umes. This occurred both when the ground cover under the panels was changed to gravel and when the cover in the spacer section was changed to bare ground. Owing to the higher velocities of the flow, runoff rates from the cells increased significantly such that it was necessary to reduce the computational time increment. Fig.4(a) shows the hydrograph from a 30-panel area with a time incre- ment of 12 s. With a time increment of 12 s, the water in each cell is discharged at the end of every time increment, which results in no attenuation of the flow; thus, the undulations shown in Fig.4(a) result. The time increment was reduced to 3 s for the 2-h storm, which resulted in watershed smoothing and a rational hydrograph shape [Fig.4(b)]. The results showed that the storm runoff increased by 7% from the grass-covered scenario to the scenario with gravel under the panel. The peak discharge increased by 73% for the gravel ground cover when compared with the grass cover without the panels. The time to peak was 10 min less with the gravel than with the grass, which reflects the effect of differ- ences in surface roughness and the resulting velocities. If maintenancevehicles used the spacer section regularly and the grass cover was not adequately maintained, the soil in the spacer section would be compacted and potentially the runoff volumes and rates would increase. Grass that is not maintained has the potential to become patchy and turn to bare ground. The grass under the panel may not get enough sunlight and die. Fig.1 shows the result of the maintenance trucks frequently driving in the spacer section, which diminished the grass cover. The effect of the lack of solar farm maintenance on runoff char- acteristics was modeled by changing the Manning’s n to a value of 0.02 for bare ground. In this scenario, the roughness coefficient for the ground under the panels, i.e., the dry section, as well as in the spacer cell was changed from grass covered to bare ground (n ¼0.02).The effects were nearly identical to that of the gravel. The runoff volume increased by 7% from the grass-covered to the bare-ground condition. The peak discharge increased by 72% when compared with thegrass-covered condition. The runofffor the bare- ground condition also resulted in an earlier time to peak by approx- imately 10 min. Two other conditions were also modeled, showing similar results. In the first scenario, gravel was placed directly under the panel, and healthy grass was placed in the spacer section, which mimics a possible design decision. Under these conditions, the peak discharge increased by 42%, and the volume of runoff increased by 4%, which suggests that storm-water management would be necessary if gravel is placed anywhere. Fig.5 shows two solar panels from a solar farm in New Jersey. The bare ground between the panels can cause increased runoff rates and reductions in time of concentration, both of which could necessitate storm-water management. The final condition modeled involved the assumption of healthy grass beneath the panels and bare ground in the spacer section, which would simulate the con- dition of unmaintained grass resulting from vehicles that drive over the spacer section. Because the spacer section is 53% of the cell, the change in land cover to bare ground would reduce losses and de- crease runoff travel times, which would cause runoff to amass as it Fig. 4.Hydrograph with time increment of (a) 12 s; (b) 3 s with Manning’s n for bare ground Fig. 5.Site showing the initiation of bare ground below the panels, which increases the potential for erosion (photo by John Showler, reprinted with permission) JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING © ASCE / MAY 2013 /539 J. Hydrol. Eng., 2013, 18(5): 536-541 Do w n l o a d e d f r o m a s c e l i b r a r y . o r g b y E l i J o h n s o n o n 1 2 / 0 3 / 1 8 . C o p y r i g h t A S C E . F o r p e r s o n a l u s e o n l y ; a l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d . 0.1 --Paneled 0.09 --• Pre-paneled 0.08 0.07 "ii, i 0.06 Q) ~ 0.05 "' .t:: u V) 0.04 0 0.03 0.02 0.01 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 (a) Time (min) 0.07 0.06 • Pre -paneled 0.05 ~ g 0.04 Q) \ "' lo I ' .t:: 0.03 u I ' V) 0 ' ' ' ' 002 I ' I \ I \ 0.01 I ' I ' I ' I , ... ...... 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 (b) Time (min) moves downgradient. With the spacer section as bare ground, the peak discharge increased by 100%, which reflected the increases in volume and decrease in timing. These results illustrate the need for maintenance of the grass below and between the panels. Design Suggestions With well-maintained grass underneath the panels, the solar panels themselves do not have much effect on total volumes of the runoff or peak discharge rates. Although the panels are impervious, the rainwater that drains from the panels appears as runoff over the downgradient cells. Some of the runoff infiltrates. If the grass cover of a solar farm is not maintained, it can deteriorate either because of a lack of sunlight or maintenance vehicle traffic. In this case, the runoff characteristics can change significantly with both runoff rates and volumes increasing by significant amounts. In addition, if gravel or pavement is placed underneath the panels, this can also contribute to a significant increase in the hydrologic response. If bare ground is foreseen to be a problem or gravel is to be placed under the panels to prevent erosion, it is necessary to counteract the excess runoff using some form of storm-water man- agement. A simple practice that can be implemented is a buffer strip (Dabney et al. 2006) at the downgradient end of the solar farm. The buffer strip length must be sufficient to return the runoff character- istics with the panels to those of runoff experienced before the gravel and panels were installed. Alternatively, a detention basin can be installed. A buffer strip was modeled along with the panels. For approxi- mately every 200 m of panels, or 29 cells, the buffer must be 5 cells long (or 35 m) to reduce the runoff volume to that which occurred before the panels were added. Even if a gravel base is not placed under the panels, the inclusion of a buffer strip may be a good prac- tice when grass maintenance is not a top funding priority. Fig.6 shows the peak discharge from thegraveled surfaceversus the length of the buffer needed to keep the discharge to prepaneled peak rate. Water draining from a solar panel can increase the potential for erosion of the spacer section. If the spacer section is bare ground, the high kinetic energy of water draining from the panel can cause soil detachment and transport (Garde and Raju 1977;Beuselinck et al. 2002). The amount and risk of erosion was modeled using the velocity of water coming off a solar panel compared with the velocity and intensity of the rainwater. The velocity of panel runoff was calculated using Manning’s equation, and the velocity of falling rainwater was calculated using the following: V t ¼120 d 0.35 r ð1Þ where dr =diameter of a raindrop, assumed to be 1 mm. The re- lationship between kinetic energy and rainfall intensity is K e ¼916 þ 330 log10 i ð2Þ where i =rainfall intensity (in:=h) and K e =kinetic energy (ft-tons per ac-in. of rain) of rain falling onto the wet section and the panel, as well as the water flowing off of the end of the panel (Wischmeier and Smith 1978). The kinetic energy (Salles et al. 2002) of the rain- fall was greater than that coming off the panel, but the area under the panel (i.e., the product of the length, width, and cosine of the panel angle) is greater than the area under the edge of the panel where the water drains from the panel onto the ground. Thus, dividing the kinetic energy by the respective areas gives a more accurate representation of the kinetic energy experienced by the soil. The energy of the water draining from the panel onto the ground can be nearly 10 times greater than the rain itself falling onto the ground area. If the solar panel runoff falls onto an un- sealed soil, considerable detachment can result (Motha et al. 2004). Thus, because of the increased kinetic energy, it is pos- sible that the soil is much more prone to erosion with the panels than without. Where panels are installed, methods of erosion control should be included in the design. Conclusions Solar farms are the energy generators of the future; thus, it is im- portant to determine the environmental and hydrologic effects of these farms, both existing and proposed. A model was created to simulate storm-water runoff over a land surface without panels and then with solar panels added. Various sensitivity analyses were conducted including changing the storm duration and volume, soil type, ground slope, panel angle, and ground cover to determine the effect that each of these factors would have on the volumes and peak discharge rates of the runoff. The addition of solar panels over a grassy field does not have much of an effect on the volume of runoff, the peak discharge, nor the time to peak. With each analysis, the runoff volume increased slightly but not enough to require storm-water management facili- ties. However, when the land-cover type was changed under the panels, the hydrologic response changed significantly. When gravel or pavement was placed under the panels, with the spacer section left as patchy grass or bare ground, the volume of the runoff in- creased significantly and the peak discharge increased by approx- imately 100%. This was also the result when the entire cell was assumed to be bare ground. The potential for erosion of the soil at the base of the solar pan- els was also studied. It was determined that the kinetic energyof the water draining from the solar panel could be as much as 10 times greater than that of rainfall. Thus, because the energy of the water draining from the panels is much higher, it is very possible that soil below the base of the solar panel could erode owing to the concen- trated flow of water off the panel, especially if there is bare ground in the spacer section of the cell. If necessary, erosion control meth- ods should be used. Bare ground beneath the panels and in the spacer section is a realistic possibility (see Figs.1 and 5). Thus, a good, well- maintained grass cover beneath the panels and in the spacer section is highly recommended. If gravel, pavement, or bare ground is Fig. 6.Peak discharge over gravel compared with buffer length 540 / JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING © ASCE / MAY 2013 J. Hydrol. Eng., 2013, 18(5): 536-541 Do w n l o a d e d f r o m a s c e l i b r a r y . o r g b y E l i J o h n s o n o n 1 2 / 0 3 / 1 8 . C o p y r i g h t A S C E . F o r p e r s o n a l u s e o n l y ; a l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d . 0.07 -------------;::====================:::::- 0.06 0.05 V, i 0.04 0 .:x ~ 0 .03 0.. 0.02 0.01 5 10 ---Pre-paneled peak Q -Pea k Q vs . buffer length 15 20 25 30 35 40 Len gth of buffer (m) deemed unavoidable below the panels or in the spacer section, it may necessary to add a buffer section to control the excess runoff volume and ensure adequate losses. If these simple measures are taken, solar farms will not have an adverse hydrologic impact from excess runoff or contribute eroded soil particles to receiving streams and waterways. Acknowledgments The authors appreciate the photographs (Figs.1 and 5) of Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, 1001 Route 202, North Raritan, New Jersey, 08869, provided by John E. Showler, Environmental Scientist, New Jersey Department of Agriculture. The extensive comments of reviewers resulted in an improved paper. References Bedient, P. B., and Huber, W. C. (2002).Hydrology and floodplain analy- sis, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. Beuselinck, L., Govers, G., Hairsince, P. B., Sander, G. C., and Breynaert, M. (2002).“The influence of rainfall on sediment transport by overland flow over areas of net deposition.”J. Hydrol., 257(1–4), 145–163. Dabney, S. M., Moore, M. T., and Locke, M. A. (2006).“Integrated man- agement of in-field, edge-of-field, and after-field buffers.”J. Amer. Water Resour. Assoc., 42(1), 15–24. Engman, E. T. (1986).“Roughness coefficients for routing surface runoff.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., 112(1), 39–53. Garde, R. J., and Raju, K. G. (1977).Mechanics of sediment transportation and alluvial stream problems, Wiley, New York. McCuen, R. H. (2005).Hydrologic analysis and design, 3rd Ed., Pearson/ Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. Motha, J. A., Wallbrink, P. J., Hairsine, P. B., and Grayson, R. B. (2004). “Unsealed roads as suspended sediment sources in agricultural catch- ment in south-eastern Australia.”J. Hydrol., 286(1–4), 1–18. Salles, C., Poesen, J., and Sempere-Torres, D. (2002).“Kinetic energy of rain and its functional relationship with intensity.”J. Hydrol., 257(1–4), 256–270. Wischmeier, W. H., and Smith, D. D. (1978).Predicting rainfall erosion losses: A guide to conservation planning, USDA Handbook 537, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING © ASCE / MAY 2013 /541 J. Hydrol. Eng., 2013, 18(5): 536-541 Do w n l o a d e d f r o m a s c e l i b r a r y . o r g b y E l i J o h n s o n o n 1 2 / 0 3 / 1 8 . C o p y r i g h t A S C E . F o r p e r s o n a l u s e o n l y ; a l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d . Wright Water Engineers, Inc., 2490 W. 26th Avenue, Ste. 100A, Denver, CO 80211 Tel. (303) 480-1700; Fax. (303) 480-1020, e-mail: aearles@wrightwater.com MEMORANDUM To: Holly Piza, P.E., CFM, Brik Zivkovich, P.E, CFM Mile High Flood District Via email: hpiza@mhfd.org, bzivkovich@mhfd.org, From: Wright Water Engineers, Inc. Andrew Earles, Ph.D., P.E., P.H., D.WRE, Chris Olson, Ph.D., P.E., and Matthew Howard, EIT Date: October 13, 2023 Re: Determination of Solar Panel Field Runoff Coefficients This memorandum documents the methods and results of hydrologic modeling analysis to estimate runoff coefficients and imperviousness values for solar panel fields under two different situations. The first scenario addresses solar installations that involve minimal land disturbances in areas that are or will be vegetated using native grasses. This approach assumes that soils are not significantly compacted during construction and that where disturbance (cut and fill) is required, proper measures are taken to manage topsoil (see the Topsoil Management Guide) and all land disturbed is revegetated to an approximate uniform density of at least 80%. The second scenario addresses solar installations that use gravel for the areas between and beneath the panels. 1.0 Methodology The EPA Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) was used to simulate runoff from typical solar panel field installations. The SWMM model was used because it has the computational and workflow capabilities of being able to “cascade” runoff from one type of surface (e.g., solar panel) onto another type of surface (e.g., ground), with each surface having different runoff-generating characteristics. For this analysis, we simulated three different surfaces under three different configurations of solar panel alignments. The surfaces were: • The Solar Panel surface is impervious, receives direct rainfall and directs runoff onto the Inter- Panel surface. • The Inter-Panel ground surface represents the ground surface between the solar panels. It receives both direct rainfall and runoff from the Solar Panel surface and directs runoff to either the Rain Shadow surface or adjacent Inter-Panel surfaces depending on configuration. The perviousness of the Inter-Panel is dependent upon the surface type. • The Rain Shadow ground surface represents the ground surface underneath the solar panels. It does not receive any direct rainfall and only receives direct runoff from the Inter-Panel surface under certain configurations. The perviousness of the Rain Shadow is dependent upon the surface type. Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 2 This analysis only addressed the areas of the site where panels are installed. Typically, a solar field will also include additional impervious area such as access roads and pads for electrical appurtenances. These areas must be included in the overall imperviousness by area-weighting appropriate imperviousness values for the solar panel areas and the other impervious surfaces on the project site. An example is provided at the end of this memorandum that illustrates this process. The three different configurations (parallel, perpendicular, and diagonal) represent different alignments of the solar panels with the contours of the ground surface. These alignments affect how runoff from the solar panels cascades across the ground surface in the downhill direction. These three configurations were evaluated for native grass cover and for gravel cover. Parallel Configuration - Due to the solar panels being aligned parallel to the ground contours, runoff from the Solar Panel surface is distributed evenly across both the Inter-Panel and Rain Shadow surfaces. This configuration maximizes runoff reduction potential because runoff from the solar panels has the opportunity to attenuate and infiltrate across all available pervious area. Para lle l Configurati on Perpendicul ar Configuration Solar Pane l . Ax is of ( ( :' , I I I I Ro tation --00---S '. \ ' ' : ~ '. .. I / ,: } \~ -de±=} ,.. : ' \ ~ I : ,' ' ,·~ Ground ----- Contours Diagona l Co nfiguration i 0 \ O' {?if( (/ ·--/ __ --------------------------- Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 3 Perpendicular Configuration - Due to the solar panels being aligned perpendicular to the ground contours, runoff from the solar panels becomes channelized quickly after reaching the Inter-Panel surface and does not continue to runoff into the Rain Shadow surface. The Inter-Panel surface is only partially effective for runoff reduction and the Rain Shadow surface is not effective at all for runoff reduction. This configuration represents the minimum runoff reduction opportunity. Diagonal Configuration - Runoff from the solar panels is distributed evenly across the Inter-Panel surface but becomes mostly channelized by the time it reaches the Rain Shadow surface. Pa r a lle l Co nfigurati o n Cross-Sect io n Sc h e m ati c Ra in Sh adow Gro und Su rface Pe rpe n d i c u l a r Co n figu rati o n Cross-Sect i o n Ra in Sh adow Gro und Su rface In ter-Pa n e l Ground Su rface I Downh;II In ter-Pa nel Ground Surface Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 4 In addition to analysis using SWMM, WWE performed comparisons with results from the University of Minnesota’s PV-SMaRT Solar Runoff Calculator Version 3.01 (referred to as “Solar Runoff Calculator”). This is a spreadsheet calculator that implements Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) Curve Number (CN) volumetric runoff calculations. The solar calculator is based on a 24- hour storm instead of the 2-hour storm that is used in the Mile High Flood District (MHFD) region. WWE corresponded with the author of the Solar Runoff Calculator, Dr. David Mulla, to confirm that 2-hour storms, with greater intensity, would be expected to have fewer losses (e.g., less infiltration) than represented by a CN for a 24-hour storm. Dr. Mulla provided WWE with a reference that he recommended for adjustment of results for a 2-hour storm duration2. Although the CN method, even with adjustments, was expected to generate different results than SWMM due to fundamental differences in infiltration methods, WWE performed calculations using the Solar Runoff Calculator, adjusted for a 2-hour storm duration as a point of comparison with SWMM results. 2.0 SWMM Model Parameterization The surfaces described above were represented as a series of individual subcatchments. Runoff from each subcatchment was either “cascaded” to downhill subcatchments or directed to the model “outlet,” depending on the solar panel configuration. Table 1 summarizes the names, areas and description of the subcatchments used for each configuration. 1 Mulla, D. 2023. PV-SMaRT Solar Runoff Calculator Version 3.0. University of Minnesota, Technology No. 2023-053, https://license.umn.edu/product/pv-smart-solar-runoff-calculator-version-30. 2 Meadows, M. 2016. Adjusting NRCS Curve Number for Rainfall Durations Less Than 24 Hours. Journal of South Carolina Water Resources, Volume 3, Issue 1, Pages 43-47. Di agona l Scenari o --------------------------------------------------------· -------------------- Ra i n Shadow Ground Surface I nter-Pane l Ground Surface Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 5 Table 1. Summary of SWMM Subcatchments Used to Represent each Solar Panel Farm Configuration Configuration Subcatchment Name and Area Description Parallel Solar Panel: 1 acre Inter-Panel: 1 acre Rain Shadow: 1 acre Runoff from the Solar Panel is directed to the Inter-Panel. Inter-Panel runoff is directed to the Rain Shadow. The ratio of Receiving Pervious Area to Unconnected Impervious area is 2:1 Perpendicular Solar Panel: 1 acre Inter-Panel_1: 0.5 acres Inter-Panel_2: 0.5 acres Rain Shadow: 1 acre Runoff from the Solar Panel is directed to Inter-Panel_1. Inter-Panel_1 and Inter- Panel_2 runoff is directed to the outlet (downhill). The ratio of Receiving Pervious Area to Unconnected Impervious area is 0.5:1 Diagonal Solar Panel: 1 acre Inter-Panel: 1 acre Rain Shadow_1: 0.5 acre Rain Shadow_2: 0.5 acre Runoff from the Solar Panel is directed to the Inter-Panel. Inter-Panel runoff is directed to the Rain Shadow_1 surface. The ratio of Receiving Pervious Area to Unconnected Impervious area is 1.5:1 Rainfall for the 2-, 5-, and 100-year design storms was applied only to the Solar Panel and Inter-Panel surfaces. The 2-hour design storms were generated using CUHP and NOAA Atlas 14 60-minute rainfall depths for Aurora, Colorado. All simulations used Horton’s infiltration parameters for Type C/D soils and slopes of 5%. Typical Manning’s N and depression storage values for impervious and pervious surfaces were applied based on the MHFD’s Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual. For the Solar Runoff Calculator, WWE used the same geometric parameters and soil types represented in SWMM. WWE implemented an adjustment procedure for CN values based on Meadows’ work in 2016 to reflect CN losses for a 2-hour storm duration. 3.0 Results and Discussion 3.1 Solar Fields with Native Vegetation 3.1.1 SWMM Analysis The results of the SWMM simulations were used to calculate volumetric runoff coefficients. Volumetric runoff coefficients were computed by dividing the total runoff volume by the total precipitation volume. Table 2 and Figure 1 present the runoff coefficient results from SWMM. As expected, the parallel configuration has the lowest runoff coefficients, the perpendicular configuration has the largest and the diagonal configuration is in between the others. Imperviousness percentages were assigned based on Table 6-5 in the MHFD’s Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual (MHFD Manual) which is provided in Appendix A. WWE calculated imperviousness from SWMM results Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 6 for the 2-, 5-, and 100-year events. WWE presents results of the SWMM simulations in Table 2 and Figure 1. Table 2. Volumetric Coefficients and Percent Imperviousness from SWMM Modeling – Solar Fields with Native Vegetation Return Period Parallel Diagonal Perpendicular Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious 2-year 0.01 2% 0.01 2% 0.37 48% 5-year 0.02 <2% 0.16 15% 0.45 52% 100- year 0.47 <2% 0.58 23% 0.72 58% Average ---- 2% ---- 13% ---- 52% Figure 1. Volumetric Runoff Coefficients from SWMM Modeling – Solar Fields with Native Vegetation Runoff Coefficients for Solar Panel Farms 0.8 0.7 0.6 • E 0.5 .!!! u ti: ... • QJ 0 0.4 u ti:: 0 C: ::, 0.3 er:: 0.2 • 0.1 0.0 • 1 10 100 Return Period (years) • Parallel Configuration • Perpendicular Configuration ■ Diagonal Configuration Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 7 Percentage imperviousness values back-calculated from Table 6-5 varied only slightly for parallel solar orientations, despite the volumetric runoff coefficient increasing from 0.01 to 0.47 from the 2- to the 100-year event. This is due to the low infiltration rate of hydrologic soil group (HSG) C soils once saturated, which is modeled by SWMM and accounted for in the intercepts of the relationships summarized by Table 6-5. For the simulated 2- and 5-year events with solar panels oriented parallel to surface contours, the pervious native vegetation surface type in the Rain Shadow and Inter-Panel infiltrated most of the runoff from the Solar Panel without saturating the HSG C soils. However, during the simulated 100-year event the underlying soils were fully saturated and runoff was produced which was less than but similar to values expected for low-imperviousness watersheds with HSG C soils. The relationship between calculated volumetric runoff coefficients and event return periods varied according to an approximately log-linear relationship for each panel configuration which is expected for watersheds with HSG C soils. 3.1.2 Solar Runoff Calculator Using similar input parameters and the adjustments from a 24-hour to 2-hour storm recommended by the developer of the Solar Runoff Calculator, the Solar Runoff Calculator produced the results shown in Table 3. As noted above, imperviousness values that were back-calculated from SWMM using Table 6-5 in the MHFD Manual are averaged in Table 3 due to variability in calculated imperviousness values. Table 3. Volumetric Coefficients and Percent Imperviousness from Solar Runoff Calculator Adjusted for 2-hour Storm – Solar Fields with Native Vegetation Return Period Parallel Diagonal Perpendicular Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious 2-year 0.01 2% 0.07 12% 0.14 20% 5-year 0.24 25% 0.29 31% 0.33 37% 100- year 0.63 35% 0.65 40% 0.67 45% Average ---- 21% ---- 28% ---- 34% While there are differences between the Solar Runoff Calculator and SWMM results (as expected), the Solar Runoff Calculator results clearly show that solar fields have the potential to increase runoff relative to undeveloped conditions. The Solar Runoff Calculator results show higher estimated percent imperviousness for the parallel and diagonal installations relative to SWMM, while the results for perpendicular conditions are slightly lower than the SWMM results, but of a similar magnitude. Table 4 presents averaged and rounded percent imperviousness results from SWMM and the Solar Runoff Calculator with the range of results. This averaging was performed since there is uncertainty associated with both methods, and the two methods yield generally similar results, with some differences. Since SWMM is commonly used for hydrology in the MHFD region and because the Solar Runoff Calculator has been widely applied by the solar industry elsewhere, WWE averaged values from the two methods and then rounded results to the nearest 5% for the recommended values. Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 8 Table 4. Averages and Ranges of Percent Imperviousness Values from SWMM and Solar Runoff Calculator for Solar Fields with Native Vegetation Parameter Parallel Percent Impervious Diagonal Percent Impervious Perpendicular Percent Impervious Avg of SWMM and Solar Runoff Calculator 10% 20% 45% Low Range <2% 2% 20% High Range 35% 40% 58% 3.2 Solar Fields with Gravel Cover 3.2.1 SWMM Analysis SWMM simulations were repeated with input parameters appropriate to reflect increased roughness and imperviousness in the rain shadow and inter-panel areas when gravel is selected for solar field installations. Table 5 and Figure 2 present the runoff coefficient results from SWMM modeling of solar fields with gravel ground cover. The runoff coefficients calculated from SWMM modeling results for solar fields with gravel ground cover followed the same trend as the simulations performed for solar fields with native vegetation, but the increased magnitude of calculated runoff coefficients reflects the impact of the increased imperviousness of gravel ground cover. As expected, the parallel configuration has the lowest runoff coefficients, the perpendicular configuration has the largest, and the diagonal configuration is in between the others. Imperviousness percentages were assigned based on Table 6-5 in the MHFD Manual. WWE calculated imperviousness from SWMM results for the 2- , 5-, and 100-year events. WWE presents averages in Table 5 since there is some variability in the imperviousness values when they are back-calculated from SWMM runoff results using Table 6-5 in the MHFD Manual. Table 5. Volumetric Coefficients and Percent Imperviousness from SWMM Modeling – Solar Fields with Gravel Ground Cover Return Period Parallel Diagonal Perpendicular Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious 2-year 0.28 37% 0.39 51% 0.65 80% 5-year 0.38 43% 0.51 59% 0.70 81% 100- year 0.69 50% 0.76 68% 0.85 90% Average - 43% - 59% - 84% Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 9 Figure 2. Volumetric Runoff Coefficients from SWMM Modeling – Solar Fields with Gravel Ground Cover 3.2.2 Solar Runoff Calculator Solar Runoff Calculator analyses repeated for solar fields with gravel ground cover produce the results shown in Table 6. As described above, imperviousness values that were back-calculated from the Solar Runoff Calculator using Table 6-5 in the MHFD Manual are averaged in Table 6 due to variability in calculated imperviousness values. due to variability in calculated imperviousness values. 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 10 100 Ru n o f f C o e f f i c i e n t Return Period (years) Runoff Coefficients for Solar Panel Farms Parallel Configuration Perpendicular Configuration Diagonal Configuration• • • • • • 1 • l • I • Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 10 Table 6. Volumetric Coefficients and Percent Imperviousness from Solar Runoff Calculator Adjusted for 2-hour Storm – Solar Fields with Gravel Ground Cover Return Period Parallel Diagonal Perpendicular Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious 2-year 0.32 43% 0.38 50% 0.43 55% 5-year 0.47 54% 0.52 60% 0.56 65% 100- year 0.74 63% 0.76 68% 0.78 73% Average ---- 53% ---- 59% ---- 64% The differences between runoff coefficients calculated with the Solar Runoff Calculator and SWMM results show the same relationship observed when analyses were performed for solar panel fields with native vegetation. The Solar Runoff Calculator results show higher estimated percent imperviousness for the parallel and diagonal installations relative to SWMM, while the results for perpendicular conditions are similar to, but slightly lower than, the SWMM results. Table 7 presents averages of percent imperviousness from SWMM and the Solar Runoff Calculator with the range of results. As previously noted, we have averaged and rounded results from the SWMM and Solar Runoff Calculator analysis in Table 7. Averaging was performed because there is uncertainty associated with both methods, and the two methods yield generally similar results, with some differences. WWE averaged values from the two methods and then rounded results to the nearest 5% for the recommended values. Table 7. Averages and Ranges of Percent Imperviousness Values from SWMM and Solar Runoff Calculator for Solar Fields with Gravel Ground Cover Parameter Parallel Percent Impervious Diagonal Percent Impervious Perpendicular Percent Impervious Avg of SWMM and Solar Runoff Calculator 50% 60% 75% Low Range 37% 50% 55% High Range 63% 68% 90% 3.3 Adjustments for Variable Panel and Aisle Widths WWE performed SWMM modeling and Solar Runoff Calculator analyses assuming equal widths for solar panels and inter-panel areas. To apply these analyses to solar fields with variable panel spacing, Equation 1 through Equation 4 were developed. Equation 1 accounts for the relative impact of panel and aisle width on runoff coefficients calculated for solar fields, while Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 11 Equation 2 through Equation 4 are evaluated to solve Equation 1. Because our analyses indicate that solar arrays parallel to ground contours provide minimal increases in site imperviousness, standard recommended impervious values remain constant for all combinations of solar panel and inter-panel aisle widths. 𝐼∗=2𝐼+𝐼𝑎𝐶𝑎+𝐼𝑜𝐶𝑜 2 +𝐶𝑎+𝐶𝑜 Equation 1. 𝑰∗= The calculated impervious proportion of solar fields with variable aisle/panel widths, 𝑰= Standard imperviousness for solar panel orientation/ground cover type, 𝑰𝒂= Aisle ground cover imperviousness, 𝑰𝒐= Solar panel orientation imperviousness, 𝑪𝒂= Aisle width adjustment factor, 𝑪𝒐= Panel width adjustment factor 𝐼𝑜=2𝐼−𝐼𝑎; 𝐼𝑎= {0.10 𝑖𝑒 𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑟𝑟 0.50 𝑖𝑒 𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑙 Equation 2. NOTE: For solar array configurations oriented parallel to surface contours, 𝑰𝒂=𝑰𝒐=𝑰=𝑰∗ 𝐶𝑎=𝑣𝑎,𝑜𝑟𝑜𝑗 10 −1 Equation 3. 𝒘𝒂,𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒋= Width of aisles from project site plans 𝐶𝑜=𝑣𝑜,𝑜𝑟𝑜𝑗 10 −1 Equation 4. 𝒘𝒐,𝒐𝒓𝒐𝒋= Width of solar panels from project site plans Equation 1 through Equation 4 have been solved for each solar array orientation and ground cover type with a variety of panel and aisle width combinations in Table 8 through Table 11 presented below. Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 12 Table 8. Runoff Coefficients Calculated for Variable Widths for Solar Fields Oriented Diagonal to Ground Surface Contours with Native Grass Ground Cover Width of Aisle, wa,proj (feet) 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Wi d t h o f P a n e l s , w p, p r o j (f e e t ) 10 0.20 0.18 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.13 15 0.22 0.20 0.19 0.18 0.17 0.16 0.15 0.15 0.15 20 0.23 0.21 0.20 0.19 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 25 0.24 0.23 0.21 0.20 0.19 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.17 30 0.25 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.20 0.19 0.19 0.18 0.18 Table 9. Runoff Coefficients Calculated for Variable Widths for Solar Fields Oriented Perpendicular to Ground Surface Contours with Native Grass Ground Cover Width of Aisle, wa,proj (feet) 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Wi d t h o f P a n e l s , w p, p r o j (f e e t ) 10 0.45 0.38 0.33 0.30 0.28 0.26 0.24 0.23 0.22 15 0.52 0.45 0.40 0.36 0.33 0.31 0.29 0.28 0.26 20 0.57 0.50 0.45 0.41 0.38 0.35 0.33 0.32 0.30 25 0.60 0.54 0.49 0.45 0.42 0.39 0.37 0.35 0.33 30 0.63 0.57 0.52 0.48 0.45 0.42 0.40 0.38 0.36 Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 13 Table 10. Runoff Coefficients Calculated for Variable Widths for Solar Fields Oriented Diagonal to Ground Surface Contours with Gravel Ground Cover Width of Aisle, wa,proj (feet) 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Wi d t h o f P a n e l s , w p, p r o j (f e e t ) 10 0.60 0.58 0.57 0.56 0.55 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.53 15 0.62 0.60 0.59 0.58 0.57 0.56 0.55 0.55 0.55 20 0.63 0.61 0.60 0.59 0.58 0.57 0.57 0.56 0.56 25 0.64 0.63 0.61 0.60 0.59 0.58 0.58 0.57 0.57 30 0.65 0.63 0.62 0.61 0.60 0.59 0.59 0.58 0.58 Table 11. Runoff Coefficients Calculated for Variable Widths for Solar Fields Oriented Perpendicular to Ground Surface Contours with Gravel Ground Cover Width of Aisle, wa,proj (feet) 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Wi d t h o f P a n e l s , w p, p r o j (f e e t ) 10 0.75 0.70 0.67 0.64 0.63 0.61 0.60 0.59 0.58 15 0.80 0.75 0.71 0.69 0.67 0.65 0.64 0.63 0.62 20 0.83 0.79 0.75 0.72 0.70 0.68 0.67 0.65 0.64 25 0.86 0.81 0.78 0.75 0.73 0.71 0.69 0.68 0.67 30 0.88 0.83 0.80 0.77 0.75 0.73 0.71 0.70 0.69 Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 14 4.0 Recommendations In Table 12 and Table 13, WWE presents recommended values for runoff coefficients and percent imperviousness based on rounding of average values calculated from SWMM and the Solar Runoff Calculator. Table 12. Recommended Runoff Coefficients and Imperviousness to Use for Evaluation of Solar Installations with Native Grass Cover* Return Period Parallel Diagonal Perpendicular Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious 2-year 0.06 10% 0.14 20% 0.34 45% 5-year 0.12 10% 0.20 20% 0.40 45% 100- year 0.52 10% 0.57 20% 0.67 45% * These values of runoff coefficients and imperviousness percentages are based on assumptions of HSG C soils and equal widths of Panels and Inter-Panel aisles. If site conditions differ from these assumptions, the engineer can follow the SWMM procedures described in the memorandum to perform site-specific analysis. Table 13. Recommended Runoff Coefficients and Imperviousness to Use for Evaluation of Solar Installations with Gravel Cover* Return Period Parallel Diagonal Perpendicular Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious Volumetric Runoff Coefficient Percent Impervious 2-year 0.38 50% 0.47 60% 0.60 75% 5-year 0.44 50% 0.52 60% 0.65 75% 100- year 0.69 50% 0.73 60% 0.79 75% * These values of runoff coefficients and imperviousness percentages are based on assumptions of HSG C soils and equal widths of Panels and Inter-Panel aisles. If site conditions differ from these assumptions, the engineer can follow the SWMM procedures described in the memorandum to perform site-specific analysis. WWE recommends basing imperviousness values for determining runoff coefficients on the imperviousness values and runoff coefficients presented in Table 12 and Table 13. At the master planning level, before the layout of a solar site is known, the imperviousness values and runoff coefficients for perpendicular installations should be used. Once the layout is known, the engineer can conduct site-specific analysis to assign runoff coefficients based on the alignment of panels relative to contours, interpolating between values in Table 12 and Table 13, as illustrated in the following example. Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 15 5.0 Example The following example illustrates how to determine runoff coefficients and imperviousness percentages for a project site. There are many ways to perform this analysis and achieve the same results, but a simple and effective method for obtaining runoff coefficients can be performed using the Spatial Analyst extension in ArcGIS Pro. Step 1. Delineate drainage sub-basins based on best available survey data. The example solar field is approximately 1 square mile in area and is located in Aurora, Colorado. A gravel access road, gravel parking areas, and concrete pads for energy transmission equipment are included in the example site plan. Due to the extent of the project, it is assumed that grading will be limited to the access road, parking areas, and concrete pads. A total of 8 sub-basins and 7 direct run- off areas were delineated for the site. For brevity of this example, only Sub-basin 5 (highlighted in the figures below) will be analyzed here. Refer to the site map provided in Appendix B for locations of all design points, sub-basins, and non-site-specific drainage basins. Figure EX-1. Hypothetical Solar Field Site with Sub-basins Delineated: Sub-basin 5 (Used in this Example) is Highlighted in Teal - Legend Design Point FIO\·.paths L a Sub-basin c::J Solor Pane ls -Site Feilrures t -foot Contours ., Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 16 Figure EX-2. Sub-basin 5 ege Design Point Sub-basin Solar Panels Site Features 1-foot Contours Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 17 Step 2. Determine the percent of each relevant land use within each sub-basin including open space, solar panels, gravel road, gravel pads, and other pervious and impervious land uses. Land cover in Sub-basin 5 includes a portion of the gravel access road, undeveloped open space, and solar panels in various orientations relative to the natural ground contours. Create sub-basin-specific shapefiles to represent the geometry of each land use within the sub-basin. Figure EX-3. Land Cover Categories in Sub-basin 5 Include Open-space (Green), Solar Panels (Orange), and Gravel (Yellow) Once the shapefiles are created, calculate the area of each land use in the sub-basin by adding a field to the shapefile attribute table and using the Calculate Geometry function. Once calculated, areas for each component of the shapefile are either be summed manually or calculated using the Summary Statistics function. Access the Summary Statistics function by right clicking on the attribute table and selecting Summarize. Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 18 Figure EX-4. Example Area Calculation Workflow in ArcGIS Pro: Figure Shows Calculation of Solar Panel Area within Sub-basin 5 (Orange Area in Figure EX-3) After calculating the area of all land cover in the sub-basin, tabulate results to determine composite areal percentages for each category. Table EX-1. Sub-basin 5 Land Cover Summary Land Cover Area (acres) Area (% of Total) Solar Field 27.82 68% Gravel 0.41 1% Open Space 12.95 31% Total 41.17 100% Calcu lat e Geomet ry 0 Thi s tool modif ies th e In pu t Featur es Para meters Envi ron ments ? X X Input Features LI s_o_la_r __ sb_S ____________ ~" I Im Geom etry Attributes Field (Exis tin g or New) 0 Property *--------------~ x I Area (acres ) "' 11 Area {geodes ic) "' I Area Un it I US Survey Acres Coo rdinate S stem LN_A_D_8_3_(2_0_1_1)_/_Co_lo_ra_d_o_N_o_rt_h_(fl_U_S_) ___ ~• ® OK ---+ M d¥M so lar_sb5 I! FID Shape• Id Area (acres) T 1 1-o-Po lygo n 2 Po lyg o n 0 0 Cl ick t o ad d n ew row. 22 .828 155 4 .987249 ---+ lffll so lar_sb5_St ati stics X Field : ~ !IE1l Selection: !?II OBJECTID • FREQUENCY SUM_Area 2 27.8 15404 Cli ck to ad d n ew row. Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 19 Step 3. Determine representative angle of panels relative to ground contours for each sub- basin and calculate the composite imperviousness of the solar fields on site. Use the Surface Parameters tool to calculate the aspect of the natural surface where solar fields are proposed. Aspect is essentially the flow direction of the natural surface measured in degrees clockwise from north. The output cell size is specified by the user and cannot be smaller than the cell size of the input raster. The selected cell size is used to calculated area later in this example. Figure EX-5. Surface Parameters Tool Input and Output Example NOTE: 1.) A digital elevation model (DEM) must be specified for the “Input surface raster” parameter. 2.) A polygon shapefile can be specified for the “Input analysis mask” option to restrict the tool to only analyze the area within the mask. In this case, the analysis mask is the polygon representing the portions of the solar field within the sub-basin of interest. Geoprocessing Surface Paramet ers Parameters En vironments Input surface raster I sf_DEM Output raster I sp_orient Input analysis mask I solar_sbS Parameter typ e I Aspect Local surface type I Q uadratic Neighborhood distance I 3.28000000000001 I lus Survey Feet 0 Use adaptive neighborhood Z unit Foot 0 Project geodesic azimuths 0 Use equatorial aspect ffi (J) Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 20 Figure EX-6. Surface Aspect Definition Once the aspect raster is developed, use the Reclassify tool to count the number of cells in the aspect raster within user-specified bins. The start and end values chosen should be selected to define cells in the aspect raster as parallel, perpendicular, or diagonal. Figure EX-7. Reclassify Tool Input and Output Example Geoprocessing f/. X (B Reclassi fy ffi (1) Pa rameters Env ironments Input raster I sp_aspct Reel ass field '-I V_A L_U_E _________ ____,I * Reclassification Reverse N ew Values Start End N ew 0 20 1 - -20 70 2 70 11 0 3 11 0 160 4 160 200 5 200 2 50 6 2 50 290 7 290 340 8 340 360 9 ~DATA _ -~DATA __ !:!f)DAT~ Classify II Unique I ,,... Iii ~ Output raster ~I r_c_ls_s __ a_s_p_ct _____________ ~J liii O Ch ange missing v alues to NoDat a N 360° I 0° 180° OBJECTID • value Count " 0 rclss_asp ct 1 1 1 1 2191 Va l ue 2 2 2 541 3 3 47 ■ 1 ■ 2 4 4 4 39 ■ 3 5 5 79 4 6 6 6 12573 5 7 7 7 31323 6 8 8 8 53687 7 9 9 9 12453 ■ 8 Click to add new row. ■ g Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 21 NOTE: For this example, solar panels were considered parallel to contours if the aspect was within 20 degrees of north or south and perpendicular if the aspect was within 20 degrees of east or west. Reference aspect definition in Figure EX-6 above. The output shapefile from the Reclassify tool will contain an attribute table with the total number of raster cells which meet each bin definition. Once tabulated, sum the counts for each Solar Field Orientation and multiply by the aspect raster cell size to obtain the total area of each panel orientation. Then, calculate composite imperviousness percentages for each sub-basin using total area for each solar field orientation. Analysis results for Sub-basin 5 are presented in Tables EX-2 and EX-3 below. Value Representative Aspect (degrees) Category Count 1 0 - 20 Parallel 2191 2 20 - 70 Diagonal 541 3 70 - 110 Perpendicular 47 4 110 - 160 Diagonal 39 5 160 - 200 Parallel 79 6 200 - 250 Diagonal 12573 7 250 - 290 Perpendicular 31323 8 290 - 340 Diagonal 53687 9 340 - 360 Parallel 12453 Table EX-3. Composite Imperviousness Calculation for Solar Field within Sub- basin 5 with Native Grass or Gravel Ground Cover Category Count Area (ac) Imperviousness (%) Impervious Area (ac) Grass Gravel Grass Gravel Parallel 14723 3.64 10% 50% 0.36 1.82 Diagonal 66840 16.5 20% 60% 3.30 9.90 Perpendicular 31370 7.75 45% 75% 3.49 5.81 Total IA: 7.15 17.53 Composite IA (%): 26% 63% Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 22 Step 4. Calculate composite imperviousness percentages for each sub-basin. Once the imperviousness of the solar field portion of the basin is known, calculate sub-basin composite imperviousness using the land cover areas evaluated in step 3 and imperviousness percentages for surface types in the MHFD Manual. Composite areas were calculated for solar fields with native vegetation and gravel ground cover. Results of analysis for Sub-basin 5 are presented in Table EX-4 and Table EX-5 below. Table EX-4. Composite Imperviousness Calculation for Sub-basin 5 with Native Grass Ground Cover in Solar Field Land Cover Imperviousness (%) Area (acres) Impervious Area (acres) Solar Field 26% 27.82 7.15 Gravel (access roads and parking lots) 80% 0.41 0.33 Open Space 5% 12.95 0.65 Total 41.18 8.13 Composite IA (%): 20% Table EX-5. Composite Imperviousness Calculation for Sub-basin 5 with Gravel Ground Cover in Solar Field Land Cover Imperviousness (%) Area (acres) Impervious Area (acres) Solar Field 63% 27.82 17.53 Gravel (access roads and parking lots) 80% 0.41 0.33 Open Space 5% 12.95 0.65 Total 41.18 18.51 Composite IA (%): 45% Memorandum to MHFD October 13, 2023 Page 23 Step 5. Evaluate runoff coefficients. Evaluate runoff coefficients using the calculated composite imperviousness values and Table 6-5 in the MHFD Manual. Runoff coefficients for the 2-year, 5-year, and 100-year storms are presented for Sub-basin 5 in Table EX-6 below. Table EX-6. Runoff Coefficients Evaluated from Composite Imperviousness Values Recurrence Interval Solar Field Runoff Coefficient Native Grass Gravel 2-year 0.14 0.34 5-year 0.20 0.40 100-year 0.57 0.67 6.0 Attachments • Appendix A. MHFD Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume Chapter 6: Runoff– Table 6-5 • Appendix B. Example Solar Field Site Map Z:\Project Files\22\221-009\221-009.000\Deliverables\Impervious Recommendations Memos\Solar Panel Runoff Coefficients Memo\Memo - Solar Panel Runoff Coefficients_20231013.docx Appendix A. MHFD Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume Chapter 6: Runoff – Table 6-5 6-10 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District August 2018 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 1 Table 6-5. Runoff coefficients, c 2-Year 5-Year 10-Year 25-Year 50-Year 100-Year 500-Year 2%0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.13 0.27 5%0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.07 0.15 0.29 10%0.04 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.11 0.19 0.32 15%0.07 0.08 0.08 0.1 0.15 0.23 0.35 20%0.1 0.11 0.12 0.14 0.2 0.27 0.38 25%0.14 0.15 0.16 0.19 0.24 0.3 0.42 30%0.18 0.19 0.2 0.23 0.28 0.34 0.45 35%0.21 0.23 0.24 0.27 0.32 0.38 0.48 40%0.25 0.27 0.28 0.32 0.37 0.42 0.51 45%0.3 0.31 0.33 0.36 0.41 0.46 0.54 50%0.34 0.36 0.37 0.41 0.45 0.5 0.58 55%0.39 0.4 0.42 0.45 0.49 0.54 0.61 60%0.43 0.45 0.47 0.5 0.54 0.58 0.64 65%0.48 0.5 0.51 0.54 0.58 0.62 0.67 70%0.53 0.55 0.56 0.59 0.62 0.65 0.71 75%0.58 0.6 0.61 0.64 0.66 0.69 0.74 80%0.63 0.65 0.66 0.69 0.71 0.73 0.77 85%0.68 0.7 0.71 0.74 0.75 0.77 0.8 90%0.73 0.75 0.77 0.79 0.79 0.81 0.84 95%0.79 0.81 0.82 0.83 0.84 0.85 0.87 100%0.84 0.86 0.87 0.88 0.88 0.89 0.9 2-Year 5-Year 10-Year 25-Year 50-Year 100-Year 500-Year 2%0.01 0.01 0.07 0.26 0.34 0.44 0.54 5%0.03 0.03 0.1 0.28 0.36 0.45 0.55 10%0.06 0.07 0.14 0.31 0.38 0.47 0.57 15%0.09 0.11 0.18 0.34 0.41 0.5 0.59 20%0.13 0.15 0.22 0.38 0.44 0.52 0.61 25%0.17 0.19 0.26 0.41 0.47 0.54 0.63 30%0.2 0.23 0.3 0.44 0.49 0.57 0.65 35%0.24 0.27 0.34 0.47 0.52 0.59 0.66 40%0.29 0.32 0.38 0.5 0.55 0.61 0.68 45%0.33 0.36 0.42 0.53 0.58 0.64 0.7 50%0.37 0.4 0.46 0.56 0.61 0.66 0.72 55%0.42 0.45 0.5 0.6 0.63 0.68 0.74 60%0.46 0.49 0.54 0.63 0.66 0.71 0.76 65%0.5 0.54 0.58 0.66 0.69 0.73 0.77 70%0.55 0.58 0.62 0.69 0.72 0.75 0.79 75%0.6 0.63 0.66 0.72 0.75 0.78 0.81 80%0.64 0.67 0.7 0.75 0.77 0.8 0.83 85%0.69 0.72 0.74 0.78 0.8 0.82 0.85 90%0.74 0.76 0.78 0.81 0.83 0.84 0.87 95%0.79 0.81 0.82 0.85 0.86 0.87 0.88 100%0.84 0.86 0.86 0.88 0.89 0.89 0.9 Total or Effective % Impervious NRCS Hydrologic Soil Group A Total or Effective % Impervious NRCS Hydrologic Soil Group B August 2018 Urban Drainage and Flood Control District 6-11 Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 1 Table 6-5. Runoff coefficients, c (continued) Figure 6-1. Runoff coefficient vs. watershed imperviousness NRCS HSG A 2-Year 5-Year 10-Year 25-Year 50-Year 100-Year 500-Year 2%0.01 0.05 0.15 0.33 0.40 0.49 0.59 5% 0.03 0.08 0.17 0.35 0.42 0.5 0.6 10% 0.06 0.12 0.21 0.37 0.44 0.52 0.62 15% 0.1 0.16 0.24 0.4 0.47 0.55 0.64 20% 0.14 0.2 0.28 0.43 0.49 0.57 0.65 25% 0.18 0.24 0.32 0.46 0.52 0.59 0.67 30% 0.22 0.28 0.35 0.49 0.54 0.61 0.68 35% 0.26 0.32 0.39 0.51 0.57 0.63 0.7 40% 0.3 0.36 0.43 0.54 0.59 0.65 0.71 45% 0.34 0.4 0.46 0.57 0.62 0.67 0.73 50% 0.38 0.44 0.5 0.6 0.64 0.69 0.75 55% 0.43 0.48 0.54 0.63 0.66 0.71 0.76 60% 0.47 0.52 0.57 0.65 0.69 0.73 0.78 65% 0.51 0.56 0.61 0.68 0.71 0.75 0.79 70% 0.56 0.61 0.65 0.71 0.74 0.77 0.81 75% 0.6 0.65 0.68 0.74 0.76 0.79 0.82 80% 0.65 0.69 0.72 0.77 0.79 0.81 0.84 85% 0.7 0.73 0.76 0.79 0.81 0.83 0.86 90% 0.74 0.77 0.79 0.82 0.84 0.85 0.87 95% 0.79 0.81 0.83 0.85 0.86 0.87 0.89 100% 0.83 0.85 0.87 0.88 0.89 0.89 0.9 Total or Effective % Impervious NRCS Hydrologic Soil Group C LOO 0 80 0 t 0.60 ·u :E (I) 0 0 ~ 040 C & 0 20 ~~ / / ~ ' _,,,, %~ 0 00 1.. 0 10 A~ ~' 1/ "'v ~ ,✓ ~ ~ ~ ~ V / ~ V _J t:P J V /M ~ _/ ~ ~ ~ V ' _,, ~ / ~ r .J ~~ 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Watershed Percentage Im perviou sne ss , % --0--2-yr -X-5-yr -0-10-yr ~25-yr -0-50 -yr -Ir-1 00-yr Appendix B. Example Solar Field Site Map u co tj- m i> I 1, ) (] n p ,, rk'-, 1-:J ,1,1,, 1/ • -: ..... •:, ..... . ·~· ~ ... • •.• ~---. •· -~ . ·-. ~ ,• l ,, l.;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; m 0 "' N u N ex:/ '" -- 1i n I,' I CJ :z4r::1:_1 D [ ~I \/[ ~(, _A, .-i ," ,/_t) --j LI,; L I\J "I I\__::; ~j - P-. SI_ I LI ' I ' I I\ / '-. <" '·, \ .. .J ' \ ,_, J I 1 /"', ,.., -' I ' -<._! ,j c:2c F 'ul 'u ' \ 1//\'1 / / ',c!c ----,---, ~\ ::), BY ' )f-', D l), [\/[ (J ' I /I 2 / )'I " -------,''/-----,-;r,;;,_,_-~~v l~L /ISICf\J~.; DESCRII' IOh 'I'-, ,, I '-, _,,-\ .. -----"\'\ ~ I 'I:=-- \~~:~:~-1 ) -~ ----- "'\,, \ ' ; ·'. \\ I t CJ t C -" -u -, ' ,_, ,__, c:.)t,1\-1Lf\l I'.; \ ((--~,, ,~ r-' ' ,_ I µ ~-1 ""-,._,________,/ ,-_ rj '· ,/ \.. rFTf,, I C-FCI< ',/ /j-------.~ ,.. \ ''.':, ' "~.::--".:,_'::::--, 'i:.,~'--' ~,_ --..~:::., 1' \.. " ·\,_. i_ I )1 l~~ 2 '\ I ------', --, ___ / \\ \ __ b:cm::J e_So or _f-::i··m_LaycL t.d•,,;c, \ / f -,, ', ~l:_c_-, ( -\ j F \ \ I ' I ' ' ' JOB \JO. S7EET f\10. Preliminary Drainage Report DB PS 63 Solar Project Garfield County, Colorado APPENDIX D DRAINAGE MAPS CORE OH OH OH OH OH OH OH G G G G G G G W W W W W E XX EX-1 EX-2 EX-3 O-2 O-3 EX-5 O-1 EX-4 EX-1 8.65 5.6% EX-2 8.17 2.8% EX-3 12.03 2.1% O-2 7.34 2.0% O-3 13.83 2.0% EX-5 6.07 2.0% EX-4 6.09 2.0% O-1 3.05 2.0% US INTER S T A T E 7 0 181' R.O.W. CO L O R A D O R I V E R ZON E X F L O O D P L A I N ZON E X F L O O D P L A I N ZON E X F L O O D P L A I N ZON E A F L O O D P L A I N ZON E A F L O O D P L A I N ZON E A F L O O D P L A I N ZON E A F L O O D P L A I N ZON E X F L O O D P L A I N SHEET JOB NO. CHECKED BY: DESIGNED BY: DRAWN BY: BY D A T E # R E V I S I O N D E S C R I P T I O N 11 / 1 3 / 2 0 2 5 3 : 4 7 P M X : \ 2 3 - 1 6 1 P S 6 3 D B S O L A R 2 \ C I V I L \ C A D \ P L A N S \ D R A I N A G E M A P S \ E X I S T I N G D R A I N A G E M A P - D B S O L A R . D W G PS 6 3 D B S O L A R 2 GA R F I E L D C O U N T Y , C O PR E L I M I N A R Y D R A I N A G E M A P S 23-161 RAA JC JC NO T F O R CO N S T R U C T I O N Kn o w w h a t ' s be l o w . C a l l be f o r e y o u d i g . OF 2 1S T S U B M I T T A L JC 1 11 / 1 4 / 2 5 LEGEND RIGHT OF WAY (R.O.W.) CENTERLINE DRAINAGE EASEMENT EXISTING MAJOR CONTOUR EXISTING MINOR CONTOUR DESIGN POINTXX DIRECTIONAL FLOW ARROW 500 YEAR FLOOD PLAIN FEMA FLOODWAY FEMA STREAMLINE 100 YEAR FLOODPLAIN PROPOSED DRAINAGE BASIN EXISTING DRAINAGE BASIN PROPOSEDEXISTING X 00.0 00.0% X 00.0 00.0% BASIN DESIGNATION AREA (AC) / IMPERVIOUSNESS PROJECT BOUNDARY 1 inch = 100 ft. 200'100'0 EX I S T I N G D R A I N A G E P L A N 1 I \ I I ,) / ) ------------ ------------- ----------.._,,__ ------------...... I J• / I ..,..._..,..._ ------------------------5280 ---- - - - -·5219 -- - - - DIRECT RUNOFF DESIGN AREA IMPERVIOUS POINT BASIN (AC} 1%1 EX -1 EX-1 865 56% EX-2 EX-2 8.17 2.8% EX-3 EX-3 12.03 2.1 % EX-4 EX-4 6.09 2.0 % EX-5 EX-5 6.07 2.0 % 0-1 0-1 305 20% 0-2 0-2 7.34 2.0 % 0 -3 0 -3 1383 2.0 % 5-Ye ar 100-Ye ar RUNOFF RUNOFF (CFS) (CFS) 0 .51 658 0 .29 5.13 0.4 4 8.55 0.22 4 .26 0 .30 5.89 0.09 1.75 0.23 4.54 0 .43 8.55 .. z l 9 "' > "' C C ~ >-~ "' z "' It! ::, u ::, "" 3 ~ z u :::, "' ::, ... LU ~ OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH G G G G G G G W W W W W E XX US INTER S T A T E 7 0 181' R.O.W. CO L O R A D O R I V E R O-1 3.05 2.0% O-2 7.34 2.0% O-3 13.83 2.0% PR-1 PR-2 PR-3 PR-4 PR-5 O-1 O-3 O-2 PR-1 8.65 7.2% PR-2 8.17 4.9% PR-3 12.03 3.9% PR-4 6.09 3.1% PR-5 6.07 2.0% ZON E X F L O O D P L A I N ZON E X F L O O D P L A I N ZON E X F L O O D P L A I N ZON E A F L O O D P L A I N ZON E A F L O O D P L A I N ZON E A F L O O D P L A I N ZON E A F L O O D P L A I N ZON E X F L O O D P L A I N SHEET JOB NO. CHECKED BY: DESIGNED BY: DRAWN BY: BY D A T E # R E V I S I O N D E S C R I P T I O N 11 / 1 3 / 2 0 2 5 3 : 4 7 P M X : \ 2 3 - 1 6 1 P S 6 3 D B S O L A R 2 \ C I V I L \ C A D \ P L A N S \ D R A I N A G E M A P S \ P R O P O S E D D R A I N A G E M A P - D B S O L A R . D W G PS 6 3 D B S O L A R 2 GA R F I E L D C O U N T Y , C O PR E L I M I N A R Y D R A I N A G E M A P S 23-161 RAA JC JC NO T F O R CO N S T R U C T I O N Kn o w w h a t ' s be l o w . C a l l be f o r e y o u d i g . OF 2 1S T S U B M I T T A L JC 1 11 / 1 4 / 2 5 LEGEND RIGHT OF WAY (R.O.W.) CENTERLINE DRAINAGE EASEMENT EXISTING MAJOR CONTOUR EXISTING MINOR CONTOUR DESIGN POINTXX DIRECTIONAL FLOW ARROW 500 YEAR FLOOD PLAIN FEMA FLOODWAY FEMA STREAMLINE 100 YEAR FLOODPLAIN PROPOSED DRAINAGE BASIN EXISTING DRAINAGE BASIN PROPOSEDEXISTING X 00.0 00.0% X 00.0 00.0% BASIN DESIGNATION AREA (AC) / IMPERVIOUSNESS PROJECT BOUNDARY 1 inch = 100 ft. 200'100'0 PR O P O S E D D R A I N A G E P L A N 2 • ~c' '[_,."-;:. I \ ,~ ·J , I ' .,:.': -~l '-"). 'ii:, , ~ 'C 0' -0 □ I I / / \~ ''. tc_ l,. •,_\}!:. :- 6 I / -/ ~I- -. 'J --._\, .. ·-----~ '-._, .,,_ "- I '- \ '\j ·, 0 "\I r .l__ J 0 ·zi I I i :,_1 I --.. "\,, a 'i --J,.·· .:t, i\ J "1 "-,. . '-/ ~ ' ' I ; \, I / l· ( I I \. / ·--\/ e·., ·-A l_ I ..... ";· A ('. "-, '-, ~r ~s.- 1 • '(\_ X _,, I I/ "'" r ,_ ,~ ~-:, t ·~:; ----,,. ' -~-:--:i· :-:' c.:'-,· • . ,,/' :: I ,}>"t, I • \,'' •·) 1 I tl li I: 11: ,_ ( l" .. i:-,1, 1'11 I r ' I, s._', -· ' ""'.'' ,J --,, ,1 1· ( "-''--/' -'--_-, '-\. \.✓, ....;-:y 0 ' ' •• I 0 •I ,, ' ,, .'',I ' C\ 5' ,. "0. .' l..; ~ c:,. .~ ,' ',' ..,I -, (> __.J ;\, ',, " ,\ ()l\ 0 , . I :, .... I \ .... .... ' .....,_.....,_ ------------------------5280 ---- - - - -·5219 -- - - - DIRECT RUNOFF DESIGN AREA IMPERVIOUS POINT BASIN (ACI [%] PR-1 PR-1 8.65 7.2% P R-2 PR-2 8 .17 4 .9 % PR -3 PR -3 12 .03 3.9% PR-4 PR-4 6 .09 3.1% PR -5 PR -5 6 .07 2.0% 0-1 0 -1 3.05 2.0% 0-2 0-2 734 2.0% 0-3 0-3 13.83 2.0 % 5-Year 100-Year RUNOFF RUNOFF (CFS) (C FS) 0.60 6.73 0 .38 5 .30 0.57 8.78 0.25 4 .33 0 .30 5.89 0.09 1.75 0.23 4.54 0.43 8.55 .. z l 9 "' > "' C C ~ >-~ "' z "' It! ::, u ::, "" 3 ~ z u :::, "' ::, ... LU ~ X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X FI L E DA T E DATENO. DSGN DR REVISION CHK APVD SH E E T DW G VE R I F Y S C A L E BA R I S O N E I N C H O N OR I G I N A L D R A W I N G . 0 SC A L E 1 O F 1 REUSE OF DOCUMENTS: THIS DOCUMENT, AND THE IDEAS AND DESIGNS INCORPORATED HEREIN, AS AN INSTRUMENT OF PROFESSIONAL SERVICE, IS THE PROPERTY OF ENERTIA CONSULTING GROUP AND IS NOT TO BE USED, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, FOR ANY OTHER PROJECT WITHOUT THE WRITTEN AUTHORIZATION OF ENERTIA CONSULTING GROUP AP R I L , 2 0 2 6 JPTYPSA SELSEL PIVOT ENERGY SOLAR FARM ON 35540 River Frontage Rd, New Castle, CO, 81647, USA SPECIAL USE REVIEW GARFIELD COUNTY, COLORADO CA S E N U M B E R : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1750 15TH ST, SUITE 400 DENVER, CO 80202 FO R B U R I E D U T I L I T Y I N F O R M A T I O N TH R E E ( 3 ) B U S I N E S S D A Y S BE F O R E Y O U D I G CA L L 8 1 1 (O R 1 - 8 0 0 - 9 2 2 - 1 9 8 7 ) UT I L I T Y N O T I F I C A T I O N CE N T E R O F C O L O R A D O ( U N C C ) WW W . U N C C . O R G R PR O P O S E D L A N S C A P E S C R E E N I N G Ex i s t i n g T r e e , S i z e V a r i e s , T y p . Th e t r e e s s e l e c t e d a r e w e l l s u i t e d f o r t h e b a n k s o f t h e C o l o r a d o R i v e r . T h e y a r e w e l l a d a p t e d t o r i p a r i a n c o n d i t i o n s in c l u d i n g p e r i o d i c f l o o d i n g , s a t u r a t e d s o i l s , a n d t h e s e m i - a r i d h e a t . N a t i v e s p e c i e s a r e p r i o r i t i z e d f o r t h e i r a b i l i t y t o st a b i l i z e b a n k s , p r o v i d e w i l d l i f e h a b i t a t , a n d t h r i v e w i t h o u t e x c e s s i v e m a i n t e n a n c e o n c e e s t a b l i s h e d LA N D S C A P E C O N C E P T T R E E A L T E R N A T I V E S Na r r o w l e a f C o t t o n w o o d Po p u l u s a n g u s t i f o l i a Ro b u s t a C o t t o n w o o d Po p u l u s d e l t o i d e s ' R o b u s t a ' Bi g t o o t h M a p l e Ac e r g r a n d i d e n t a t u m Se n s a t i o n B o x e l d e r M a p l e Ac e r n e g u n d o ' S e n s a t i o n ' Ri v e r B i r c h Be t u l a n i g r a De s c r i p t i o n : S l e n d e r b r a n c h e s f o r m a d e n s e , up r i g h t , o v a l s h a d e t r e e . L o n g , n a r r o w , wi l l o w - l i k e l e a v e s a r e b r i g h t g r e e n b e c o m i n g ri c h y e l l o w d u r i n g f a l l Ty p e : D e c i d u o u s S h a d e T r e e Sh a p e : U p r i g h t , P y r a m i d a l Gr o w t h R a t e : F a s t Fa l l C o l o r : Y e l l o w Ma t u r e H e i g h t : 4 0 - 6 0 F e e t Ma t u r e W i d t h : 3 0 - 4 0 F e e t De s c r i p t i o n : B r o a d , i r r e g u l a r l y r o u n d e d ca n o p y w i t h c o a r s e , s p r e a d i n g b r a n c h e s . Sm o o t h , g r a y i s h - b r o w n b a r k b e c o m e s d e e p l y fu r r o w e d a n d d a r k e r w i t h a g e . R i c h g r e e n , wi d e , t r i a n g u l a r - s h a p e d l e a v e s t u r n y e l l o w i n th e f a l l . T h i s i s a C o t t o n l e s s v a r i e t y . Ty p e : D e c i d u o u s S h a d e T r e e Sh a p e : R o u n d , I r r e g u l a r Gr o w t h R a t e : V e r y F a s t Fa l l C o l o r : Y e l l o w Ma t u r e H e i g h t : 5 0 - 7 5 F e e t Ma t u r e W i d t h : 5 0 - 7 5 F e e t De s c r i p t i o n : D i a m o n d - s h a p e d , d a r k g r e e n le a v e s t u r n y e l l o w i n f a l l w i t h d i s t i n c t i v e , pe e l i n g s a l m o n - t o - r u s t - c o l o r e d b a r k t h a t of f e r s y e a r - r o u n d v i s u a l i n t e r e s t . F e q u e n t l y gr o w s i n m u l t i - s t e m m e d c l u m p s o f f e r i n g a na t u r a l i s t i c a p p e a r a n c e . Ty p e : D e c i d u o u s S h a d e T r e e Sh a p e : R o u n d e d / O v a l / S p r e a d i n g Gr o w t h R a t e : F a s t Fa l l C o l o r : Y e l l o w Ma t u r e H e i g h t : 3 0 - 5 0 f t . Ma t u r e W i d t h : 2 5 - 4 0 f t . De s c r i p t i o n : B r o a d , s p r e a d i n g c a n o p y a n d of t e n g r o w s i n t o a m u l t i - s t e m m e d s m a l l t r e e . Da r k g r e e n l o b e d l e a v e s a c h a n g e i n t o be a u t i f u l s h a d e s o f r e d , o r a n g e a n d y e l l o w i n fa l l . A v e r y p o p u l a r c h o i c e f o r s i t e s t h a t h a v e di f f i c u l t g r o w i n g c o n d i t i o n s . Ty p e : D e c i d u o u s S h a d e T r e e Sh a p e : R o u n d , S p r e a d i n g Gr o w t h R a t e : S l o w Fa l l C o l o r : R e d / O r a n g e Ma t u r e H e i g h t : 2 0 - 3 0 F e e t Ma t u r e W i d t h : 2 0 - 3 0 F e e t De s c r i p t i o n : R o u n d e d c r o w n , c o v e r e d w i t h gr e e n l e a v e s i n s u m m e r w h i c h t u r n t o s h a d e s of r e d i n a u t u m n . L o v e s m o i s t s o i l , o f t e n fo u n d i n t h i c k e t s a l o n g w a t e r . Ty p e : D e c i d u o u s S h a d e T r e e Sh a p e : R o u n d , S p r e a d i n g Gr o w t h R a t e : F a s t Fa l l C o l o r : R e d Ma t u r e H e i g h t : 3 0 - 3 5 f t . Ma t u r e W i d t h : 2 0 - 2 5 f t . SC A L E : 1 " = 5 0 ' PR O P O S E D L A N D S C A P E S C R E E N I N G E N L A R G M E N T Le a s e B o u n d a r y Re s i d e n t i a l Pr o p e r t y Re s i d e n t i a l Pr o p e r t y Re s i d e n t i a l Pr o p e r t y Ne w S o l a r A r r a y Bo u n d a r y Si t e F e n c e Ex i s t i n g So l a r A r r a y Le a s e Bo u n d a r y Le a s e B o u n d a r y CO L O R A D O R I V E R Ex i s t i n g T r e e , S i z e Va r i e s , T y p . SC A L E : 1 " = 1 0 0 ' L1 0 1 PR O P O S E D L A N D S C A P E S C R E E N I N G PI V O T E N E R G Y S O L A R F A R M - P S 6 3 PR O P O S E D L A N D S C A P E S C R E E N I N G Pr o p o s e d T r e e T y p e 2 , T y p . ( q t y : 8 ) Pr o p o s e d T r e e T y p e 1 , T y p . ( q t y : 9 ) TR E E T Y P E 1 : TR E E T Y P E 2 : 1529 MARKET STREET, SUITE 200 DENVER, CO 80202 S T E V E N E. LOHIDE 08 / 1 9 / 2 0 1 4 L A 1082 i j,,--- 1 • "- 1,--V" I l ' ! t--/ ~ ' I ---------/ I I ,,,0 I ~ .. ·! {)) b~ ·-· 'j (J I~/ I ~--· ~-~ IQ I ~ ,o I I ~, ;6 7 i I ' a I • • I I •• r>i __ "' __ · ~ ~ / I I _d 10 ; I -o- f) ' i I t i t • • • t • • I ! ~ • '"·~ a.~ ' I L------------.--------1 -. . 8 I I ,~J, ' ~ .... ___________________________________________ _, 0 0 I · ·at/ ~ I a_ g: -8 8 ®~-- I I I I I I .- ,-~) \._./ ·, -_) /~PIVOT ~F ENERGY I t I •-- II. 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' ~. . .... ,_,.,,,_ ~ .• ..,.,,. .. -~·~"""C:'.r", 'f,j ---••. >,'. ' • :'\;··f~i}:"::'~,;'~~.:, I -~ ·• .. ii--::-~.,.·_~· ... ,,11(',' :liJ., ,l'iif,~ . ' 'If""... 'm"-''~ • • rt.• l . • • ,. : .\;'~-:'""!'ffe · . .. ...... --._-.;.. .. I ----------- ~; .. ,;fl O -..., I 0 "'c, @:_ \ / £: ~:{/ ~ ---,---.. \ ;_,.,_, -'---" , =a. I o ..._, I t:;j.,.,. (,' D.I 7\ ~ n Ii/ ~ L" ,, -,,.o:/ a ,';,I \ -al""".:\ ...... (/ / \ "'°' ~\~ C ) / . -•r, \ ... \ / \ '.,, 'I',,,.... n> /1/ 1.•~voa V j '--::.;tcr ~ /1 '· ,/ ___ / 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net Pivot Solar 63 LLC: Impact Analysis May 2026 “Where the proposed development will impact specific features of the site, the Applicant shall describe both the existing conditions and the potential changes created by the project. The Impact Analysis shall include a complete description of how the Applicant will ensure that impacts will be mitigated and standards will be satisfied. The following information shall be included in the Impact Analysis:” 1. Adjacent Land Use. Existing use of adjacent property and neighboring properties within 1,500-foot radius. Applicant Response: • Immediately to the west of the subject property is a currently vacant property owned by Spencer Charles Holdings LLC, with a planned container storage and equipment rental business. The proposed project is not expected to impact storage or equipment rental operations. • To the north, the proposed project borders I-70. No impacts are expected. • North of the interstate, there are some larger properties used for grazing, which will not be impacted by the proposed project. • Immediately to the east is land owned by the same landowner as the proposed solar facility. This land is currently used for grazing, which is compatible with the proposed project. • Immediately to the south is the Colorado River, which will not be impacted by the proposed project. • South of the Colorado River, there are residential properties. Pivot staff has been in touch with the owners of the residences across the river to mitigate visual impacts with vegetative screening. This is discussed further in the narrative included with this application. 2. Site Features. A description of site features such as streams, areas subject to flooding, lakes, high ground water areas, topography, vegetative cover, climatology, and other features that may aid in the evaluation of the proposed development. Applicant Response: The subject property is relatively flat with a slight slope to the south. The floodplain of the Colorado River is present on the southern portion of the property; however, the proposed project has been designed to entirely avoid this area. An irrigation ditch is present immediately southwest of property boundary. The proposed project is not expected to impact either of these features. ~~ Pivot ~F Energy 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net 3. Soil Characteristics. A description of soil characteristics of the site that have a significant influence on the proposed use of the land. Applicant Response: Per a custom soils report prepared from the NRCS Web Soil Survey, the soils within the site area consist of approximately 20% Potts-Ildefonso complex, and approximately 80% Wann Sandy loam. Historically, the soils on this property have been suitable for grazing, a use which will continue with the proposed project. 4. Geology and Hazard. A description of the geologic characteristics of the area including any potential natural or manmade hazards, and a determination of what effect such factors would have on the proposed use of the land. Applicant Response: The 100-year floodplain of the Colorado River is present on the subject property; however, the site has been designed to avoid this hazard area entirely. No other significant hazards exist on the property that would affect the proposed project. 5. Groundwater and Aquifer Recharge Areas. Evaluation of the relationship of the subject parcel to Floodplains, the nature of soils and subsoils and their ability to adequately support waste disposal, the Slope of the land, the effect of sewage effluents, and the pollution of surface Runoff, stream flow, and groundwater. Applicant Response: The 100-year floodplain of the Colorado River is present on the subject property; however, the site has been designed to avoid the floodplain entirely. Since the proposed facility is unmanned, there will be no on-site waste disposal or sewage effluents. Since the facility will be constructed of glass (panels) and steel (racking system), surface runoff will not be polluted. Further information on drainage can be found in this application’s drainage report. 6. Environmental Impacts. Determination of the existing environmental conditions on the parcel to be developed and the effects of development on those conditions, including: a. Determination of the long-term and short-term effect on flora and fauna; Applicant Response: There will be some short-term impact to the native vegetation during the construction phase. After the construction phase, re-seeding of areas damaged during the construction will occur. Minimal to no grading will be necessary to install the solar facility and Pivot will utilize best management practices to ensure that vegetation disturbance is kept to a minimum during the construction of the project. Any areas of native vegetation that may be damaged during construction will be re-seeded with native grasses or a mix recommended by the County. Vegetation will fill in after the construction phase and the long-term effect on flora and fauna will be minimal. ~~ Pivot ~F Energy 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net b. Determination of the effect on designated environmental resources, including critical wildlife habitat; Applicant Response: Pivot commissioned a threatened and endangered species (T&E) report, which surveyed the subject property for threatened and endangered species known to occur or historically occur in Garfield County. The study determined that two federally-listed and one state-listed species had some potential to occur, but were not observed during the site visit: i The yellow-billed cuckoo has “moderate” potential to occur along the southern edge of the site in the existing cottonwood trees at the edge of the river. The proposed project is located a minimum of approximately 200’ from this possible habitat area and is not expected to impact it. Surveys will be conducted prior to construction to ensure this species is not impacted. ii Ute Ladies-Tresses has a low potential to occur within the marginally suitable habitat in the Colorado River floodplain. The site will be located entirely outside the floodplain and is not expected to impact this marginal habitat area. iii Gray wolves have a low potential to occur in this area, only present if passing through the area in search of pray. No suitable habitat exists on the property, and wolves tend to avoid humans and urban areas. The site is located entirely outside of any CPW-mapped high priority habitat areas. c. Impacts on wildlife and domestic animals through creation of hazardous attractions, alteration of existing native vegetation, blockade of migration routes, use patterns, or other disruptions; and Applicant Response: There will be no hazardous attractions to wildlife because the entire facility will be enclosed in a fence which will keep wildlife out of the facility. As mentioned above, the existing native vegetation will be minimally impacted and any damage that occurs to vegetation will be corrected through a re-seeding effort after the construction phase. d. Evaluation of any potential radiation hazard that may have been identified by the State or County Health Departments. Applicant Response: No potential radiation hazard has been identified on the subject property. 7. Nuisance. Impacts on adjacent land from generation of vapor, dust, smoke, noise, glare or vibration, or other emanations. ~~ Pivot ~F Energy 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net Applicant Response: During normal operations, there will be no vapors, smoke, noise, or vibrations created by the proposed facility. During the construction phase, there may be a potential for dust to be created by vehicles on the site. If dust becomes an issue, the construction crew will use water the site on a regular basis to minimize the impact of fugitive dust. The proposed project utilizes solar panels coated with an anti-reflective surface to minimize the potential for glare on adjacent properties. A supplemental glare study from ForgeSolar, the industry-standard glare study tool for solar projects, has been attached to this impact analysis as Appendix A. 8. Hours of Operation. The Applicant shall submit information on the hours of operation of the proposed use. Applicant Response: During the construction phase, the hours of operation will generally be 7:00 AM to 5:00 PM. Once construction has been completed, the facility will operate passively during daylight hours, and will be unmanned. ~~ Pivot ~F Energy 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net Appendix A: ForgeSolar Glare Analysis [See next page] ~~ Pivot ~F Energy Pivot Solar 63 Pivot Solar 63 Created May 19, 2026 Updated May 19, 2026 Time-step 1 minute Timezone offset UTC-7 Minimum sun altitude 0 .0 deg Site ID 178684.29298 Misc. Analysis Settings DNI : varies (1,000.0 W/mA2 peak) Ocular transmission coefficient: 0.5 Pupil diameter: 0.002 m Eye focal length : 0.017 m Sun subtended angle : 9 .3 mrad Project type Advanced Project status : active Category 1 MW to 5 MW Summarv of Results No glare predicted! ForgeSolar Radi<l'metric Physics Engine 3 .1.3 PV Name Tilt Orientation deg deg PS63 SA tracking SA tracking "Green" Glare "Yellow" Glare min min 0 0 ForgeSolar Energy Produced kWh 8,570,000.0 Component Data PV Array(s) Total PV footprint area : 15.8 acres Name: PS63 Footprint area: 15 .8 acres Axis tracking : Single-axis rotation Backtracking: Shade-slope Tracking axis orientation: 180.0 deg Maximum tracking angle: 60 .0 deg Resting angle: 5.0 deg Ground Coverage Ratio: 0.3 Rated power: 3000.0 kW Panel material: Light textured glass with AR coating (revised) Vertex Latitude deg 39.546625 2 39.546939 3 39.544209 4 39.543713 5 39.543746 6 39.544457 7 39.544755 8 39.544788 Longitude Ground elevation Height above ground Total elevation deg ft ft ft -107.617943 5462.38 5.00 5467.38 -107.616097 5467.45 5.00 5472.45 -107.616011 5455.04 5.00 5460.04 -107.617470 5450.14 5.00 5455.14 -107.618243 5449.37 5.00 5454.37 -107.619938 5447.95 5.00 5452.95 -107.619917 5447.82 5.00 5452.82 -107.617728 5452.20 5.00 5457.20 Route Receptor(s) Name: East Bound 1-70 Route type One-way Vertex Latitude Long itude Ground elevation Height above ground Total elevation Azimuthal view angle: 50.0 deg Downward view angle: 90.0 deg deg deg fl fl fl 39.545678 -107.625681 5452.00 4.00 5456.00 2 39.546158 -107.622935 5454.04 4.00 5458.04 3 39.546571 -107 .620601 5459.11 4.00 5463 .11 4 39.547105 -107 .617516 5471.99 4.00 5475 .99 5 39.547926 -107 .613052 5487 .66 4.00 5491.66 6 39.548497 -107.609775 5492.42 4.00 5496 .42 Name: River Frontage Road Route type Two-way Vertex Latitude Long itude Ground elevation Height above ground Total elevation Azimuthal view angle: 50.0 deg Downward view angle: 90.0 deg deg deg fl fl fl 39.545509 -107.625670 5451.70 4.00 5455.70 2 39.545968 -107.622865 5452.33 4.00 5456.33 3 39.546830 -107 .618047 5465 .69 4.00 5469 .69 4 39.547732 -107 .613003 5485 .65 4.00 5489 .65 5 39.548300 -107 .609744 5487 .71 4.00 5491.71 Name: West Bound 1-70 Route type One-way Vertex Latitude Longitude Ground elevation Height above ground Total elevation Azimuthal view angle: 50 .0 deg Downward view angle: 90 .0 deg deg deg fl fl fl 39.548741 -107.609828 5494 .15 4.00 5498 .15 2 39.548141 -107.613079 5488 .84 4.00 5492 .84 3 39.547346 -107.617570 5472.80 4.00 5476.80 4 39.546812 -107.620628 5457.30 4.00 5461.30 5 39.546386 -107.622972 5453.55 4.00 5457.55 6 39.545889 -107.625697 545 1.39 4.00 5455.39 Discrete Observation Receptors Number Latitude Longitude Ground elevation Height above ground Total Elevation deg deg fl fl fl OP1 39.539696 -107.615476 5500.67 8.00 5508 .67 OP2 39.539680 -107.615476 5500.78 16.00 5516 .78 OP3 39.539680 -107.615476 5500.78 24 .00 5524 .78 OP4 39.539862 -107.616313 5495 .18 8.00 5503.18 OPS 39.539862 -107.616313 5495 .18 16.00 5511.18 OP6 39.539862 -107.616313 5495 .18 24.00 5519.18 OP7 39.539812 -107.614618 5503.27 8.00 5511.27 OPS 39.539680 -107.618222 5486.47 8.00 5494.47 OP9 39.540706 -107.619982 5460.98 8.00 5468 .98 OP10 39.541500 -107.621656 5461 .84 8.00 5469 .84 OP11 39.545554 -107.622106 5450.15 8.00 5458 .15 OP12 39.545683 -107.610426 5464 .81 8.00 5472.81 OP13 39.549400 -107.619752 5488.38 8.00 5496.38 OP14 39.550343 -107.609371 5508.96 8.00 5516.96 Summary of PV Glare Analysis PV Name Tilt Orientation "Green" Glare "Yellow" Glare deg deg PS63 SA tracking SA tracking PV & Receptor Analysis Results PS63 no glare found Predicted energy output: 8,570 ,000 .0 kWh (assuming sunny , clear skies) Component OP : OP 1 OP : OP 2 OP : OP 3 OP : OP4 OP : OP 5 OP : OP 6 OP : OP 7 OP : OP 8 OP : OP 9 OP : OP 10 OP : OP 11 OP : OP 12 OP: OP 13 OP : OP 14 Route : East Bound 1-70 Route : River Frontage Road Route: West Bound 1-70 min 0 Green glare (min) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Summary of Vertical Surface Glare Analysis Assumptions • Times associated with glare are denoted in Standard time . For Daylight Savings , add one hour. min 0 Energy Produced kWh 8,570,000 .0 Yellow glare (min) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Data File • Glare analyses do not automatically account for physical obstructions between reflectors and receptors. This includes buildings , tree cover and geographic obstructions . • Detailed system geometry is not rigorously simulated. • The glare hazard determination relies on several approximations including observer eye characteristics , angle of view, and typical blink response time . Actual values and results may vary . • The system output calculation is a DNl -based approximation that assumes clear, sunny skies year-round . It should not be used in place of more rigorous modeling methodi • The subtended source angle (glare spot size) is constrained by the PV array footprint size . Partitioning large arrays into smaller sections will reduce the maximum potential subtended angle, potentially impacting results if actual glare spots are larger than the sub-array size . Additional analyses of the combined area of adjacent sub-arrays can provide more information on potential glare hazards. (See previous point on related limitations.) • Hazard zone boundaries shown in the Glare Hazard plot are an approximation and visual aid. Actual ocular impact outcomes encompass a continuous, not discrete, spectrum. • Glare locations displayed on receptor plots are approximate . Actual glare-spot locations may differ. • Refer to the Help page for detailed assumptions and limitations not listed here . Page 1 of 2 November 20, 2025 John Leybourne Garfield County Administration & County Commissioners 108 8th St. #401 Glenwood Springs, CO 81601 RE: Construction Traffic Impact Memorandum PS63 DB Solar 2 Solar Energy Facility Dear Mr. Laybourne: In support of the proposed Solar Energy Facility, SEF, for PS63 DB Solar 2, the Project, we are providing this Construction Traffic Impact Memorandum. The Project is bordered by US Interstate 70 to the North, an existing solar energy facility to the northwest, Colorado River to the South and existing agricultural land to the east and west. The Project consists of the construction of approximately 3MWAC of photovoltaic panels. CORE anticipates minimal construction traffic impacts to the site and surrounding area. Construction of the facility is not expected to require major earthwork operations and therefore will require very minimal hauling of earthwork to the site. Access to The Project is provided at the north of the project onto the US I70 Frontage Road. Construction of The Project is anticipated to take approximately 9 months, generally split into three phases, Site Preparation, Material and Equipment Delivery, and Installation. Site preparation is anticipated to take between one and three weeks with anticipated daily traffic of an average of 10 Vehicles per day between passenger vehicles, equipment hauling trucks and fuel delivery vehicles. Material and Equipment Delivery is anticipated to take approximately four to five weeks, with moderate daily traffic consisting of an average of 29 vehicles per day of Conex Container and delivery trucks as well as other equipment hauling trucks. Solar facility installation is anticipated to take approximately six to seven months with moderate daily traffic consisting of an average of 34 vehicles per day of passenger vehicles, fuel trucks and material trucks. Refer to the attached Estimate of Construction Traffic for additional information. Ongoing operations and maintenance are generally handled remotely with infrequent trips on a monthly basis typically required by a utility vehicle. Decomissioning is generally anticipated to follow a similar schedule and traffic demand as construction. The final condition of the proposed SEF would have a minimal effect on the number of vehicular trips on the adjacent roadways that are currently being generated to and from The Project. The project connects directly to the I70 Frontage Road which is adequate to handle the anticipated traffic. Generally, traffic is anticipated from Eastbound I70. Refer to the attached Haul Route Map for additional information. The project should have limited long-term traffic impact with some moderate construction traffic anticipated with direct connections to I70 Frontage Road. CORE 3473 South Broadway Englewood , Colorado 80113 303.703.4444 LIVEYOURCORE.COM Construction Traffic Impact Memo November 20, 2025 PS63 DB Solar 2 SEF Page 2 of 2 Sincerely, CORE Consultants, Inc. Todd Wolma, PE Project Manager Attachments Haul Route Map Estimated Construction Traffic 3473 South Broadway Englewood, Colorado 80113 303.703.4444 LIVEYOURCORE .COM G W I 7 0 F R O N T A G E R O A D U S I N T E R S T A T E 7 0 CO L O R A D O R I V E R CO N N E C T I O N T O I 7 0 FR O N T A G E R O A D TY P I C A L H A U L R O U T E PS 6 3 D B S O L A R 2 PR O J E C T S I T E UN P L A T T E D OW N E R : B R E N T P E T E R S O N & S A N D R A H A N N I G A N . AP N 2 1 7 9 1 2 1 0 0 1 5 0 PA R C E L B D U P L I C E EX E M P T I O N R E C . 5 2 6 5 0 1 OW N E R : B L U E O X LO G C R A F T E R S , L L C AP N 2 1 7 9 1 2 2 0 0 6 6 0 OW N E R : R E W R A N C H PR O J E C T L L C AP N 2 1 7 9 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 2 OW N E R : K I M B E R L Y & C O R Y WE S S O N . AP N 2 1 7 9 0 1 4 0 0 6 4 5 OW N E R : R E W R A N C H PR O J E C T L L C AP N 2 1 7 9 0 1 3 0 0 6 7 8 OW N E R : D B S O L A R L L C AP N 2 1 7 9 1 2 2 0 0 3 5 0 SH E E T JO B N O . CH E C K E D B Y : DE S I G N E D B Y : DR A W N B Y : OF 11/20/2025 3:10 PM ; X:\23-161 PS 63 DB SOLAR 2\CIVIL\CAD\EXHIBITS\_OVERALL\HAUL ROUTE MAP.DWG; DA T E : HAUL ROUTE MAP 1 1 TW DF MC 23 - 1 6 1 PS63 DB SOLAR 2 SEF SILT, CO EXHIBITS 11 / 2 0 / 2 0 2 5 CORE CORE CONSULTANTS. INC. LIVEYOURCORE.COM Project Phase (Time Period)Vehicle Type Estimate Gross Vehicle Weight Number of Vehicles Per Day Maximum and Average Vehicle Trips Per Day Site Preparation (Approx 1 - 3 weeks) Equipment Hauling Trucks 15 to 33 Tons 0-2 0-4 Passenger Vehices 1 to 5 Tons 2-4 4-8 Fuel Delivery 10 to 15 Tons 1 2 Max-14/Avg-10 Material and Equipment Delivery (Approx. 4 - 5 weeks) Conex Container and Delivery Trucks 15 to 25 Tons 6-18 12-36 Equipment Hauling Trucks 10 to 20 Tons 0-5 0-10 Max-46/Avg-29 Solar Facility Installation (6-7 Months)Passenger Vehicles 1 to 5 Tons 12-18 24-36 Fuel Truck 10 to 15 Tons 1 2 Material Delivery Truck 10 to 15 Tons 1 2 Max-40/Avg-34 Operations (Post Construction)Utility Vehicle 1 to 5 Tons 1 Per Month Max-2/Avg-0 PS63 DB Solar 2 - Estimated Construction Traffic 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net Garfield County Land Use and Development Code Article 7: Standards Response DIVISION 1: GENERAL APPROVAL STANDARDS 7-101. ZONE DISTRICT USE REGULATIONS The subject property is zoned “Rural”. All requirements of Article 3, Zoning, will be met with this proposal, through the Major Impact Review - Land Use Change Permit process. 7-102. COMPREHENSIVE PLAN AND INTERGOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENTS The Garfield County Comprehensive Plan 2030 addresses renewable energy in Chapter 3, Section 10. The first goal states that Garfield County should “promote and encourage the development of renewable energy resources within the county”. The Plan further states that the county should “Ensure that renewable energy activities mitigate their effects on the natural environment, including air quality, water quality, wildlife habitat, and visual quality”. There will be no negative impacts on air quality because there are no fumes, odors, or emissions associated with the proposed solar facility. Appropriate BMPs will be used during the construction phase to help ensure that water quality will be protected. There will be a slight impediment to larger wildlife moving through the immediate project area due to the fence enclosure that is required for power generation facilities. However, ample space remains along the southern portion of the property for larger wildlife to move around the facility, and the property does not intersect with any mapped high-priority habitat. Visual impacts: The proposed project will appear as an expansion of the existing solar facility on the property. Its border to the border is River Frontage Rd and Interstate 70. To the south, the proposed project is set back a minimum of approximately one quarter mile from the nearest residence. Though not required, Pivot is proposing locally appropriate vegetative screening measures to further mitigate visual impacts for the residences to the south. This is discussed further in the narrative included with this application. To the west, the project is bordered by a proposed equipment rental and container storage unit. To the east, the project is bordered by grazing lands under common ownership. 7-103. COMPATIBILITY The nature, scale, and intensity of the proposed solar facility will be compatible with adjacent land uses. The surrounding land uses are commercial and agricultural in nature. Solar facilities produce no fumes, noise, or environmentally hazardous materials. The facility is unmanned and will have very little vehicular traffic, other than routine maintenance, which is performed 4-8 times per year in a standard-sized pick-up truck. 7-104. SOURCE OF WATER Since the proposed facility is to be unmanned, there will be no need for a potable water supply. During construction, a water truck will be on site to help control dust. Water for construction crews will be provided by the general contractor or by the individual crew members. ~~ Pivot ~F Energy 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net 7-105. CENTRAL WATER DISTRIBUTION AND WASTEWATER SYSTEMS The proposed use does not require a potable water supply or a wastewater system. While the proposed facility is being constructed, drinking water will be provided by the general contractor and the individual crew members. During the construction period, portable toilets will be on site. Once construction has been completed, the portable toilets will be removed from the site. 7-106. PUBLIC UTILITIES The proposed projects are contracted with Xcel Energy for 20 years of power production and have options to extend beyond the 20-year contract to the full term of the land lease. The projects are currently being studied by Xcel Energy for interconnection to the utility grid, and will interconnect through an existing power line adjacent to the property. 7-107. ACCESS AND ROADWAYS The proposed project will take access via the existing driveway, as shown in the site plan. The access will be improved as needed to accommodate construction traffic and emergency vehicles. Since the proposed facility will be unmanned, there will be very limited traffic impact to surrounding roads. After the construction phase, there will be between 4-8 visits to the site annually by a standard-sized pickup truck. 7-108. USE OF LAND SUBJECT TO NATURAL HAZARDS The subject property is relatively flat and is located outside any natural hazard areas. 7-109. FIRE PROTECTION Solar facilities are constructed of nonflammable materials (mostly steel, glass, and silicon) and pose very little threat to start a fire. Pivot will work with the Colorado River Fire Protection District to ensure access is acceptable and all other fire district requirements are met. DIVISION 2: GENERAL RESOURCE PROTECTION STANDARDS 7-201. AGRICULTURAL LANDS Pivot Energy is proudly committed to owning and operating a 100% dual-use portfolio of sites nationwide and has made farming crops underneath the solar panels a priority for all projects where possible. Dual-use sites combine energy production with agriculture, aiming to keep productive agricultural lands in production while adding revenue streams from energy production. Pivot’s dual-use practices are discussed in more detail in the narrative included with this application. The proposed project will not adversely affect nearby agricultural lands, and will not limit the opportunity for agricultural production in the area. The subject property has historically been used for grazing, which will continue both inside and outside the proposed project’s fence. Pivot does not have plans to locate any domestic animals on the property. The proposed project will be fenced in accordance with 7-201.C. The existing access road has been set back appropriately so as to not interfere with adjacent fencing. There are no irrigation ditches present on the subject property. ~~ Pivot ~F Energy 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net 7-202. WILDLIFE HABITAT AREAS The impact on wildlife in the area should be minimal as a result of this proposal. An 8-foot-tall wildlife fence will be constructed around the perimeter of the site. This type of fencing allows smaller animals to pass in and out of the proposed facility. Larger animals, such as deer, may experience a slight change in traveled corridors to maneuver around the facility. However, the proposed project is not located in any mapped high-priority habitat areas, and the subject property contains a significant wildlife corridor between its southern boundary and the Colorado River. The land to the east and west of the project boundaries is also presently vacant and can provide an alternative path around the project for wildlife. Pivot will work with Colorado Parks and Wildlife to address any concerns they have regarding area wildlife and animal habitat. Regarding preservation of native vegetation, Pivot’s racking system is essentially a steel frame that is driven approximately 8-10 feet into the ground. This results in minimal disturbance to the native vegetation and topsoil. Pivot will utilize best management practices to ensure that vegetation disturbance is kept to a minimum during the construction of the project. Any areas of native vegetation that may be damaged during construction will be re-seeded with native grasses or a mix recommended by the County. 7-203. PROTECTION OF WATERBODIES The proposed project is not located within 35 feet of a water body. During the construction phase, stormwater best management practices such as waddles and silt fencing will be used to prevent erosion and negative impacts to local drainages and the Colorado River. 7-204. DRAINAGE AND EROSION Pivot’s consulting engineering firm, CORE Consultants, has calculated that approximately 0.44 acres of soil will be disturbed installing the access drive, foundations, pile driving the I-beams into the ground, and equipment pads. The Colorado Department of Public Health & Environment does not require a stormwater management permit when the total area of grading and disturbance is less than one acre. Once construction is completed, areas of disturbance will be re-seeded with native grass mix. 7-205. ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY The proposed solar facility will not cause the air quality to be reduced below acceptable levels as established by the Colorado Air Pollution Control Division. Solar power generation facilities themselves do not produce any emissions, and generally reduce the need to burn traditional fuels for electricity. There will be no hazardous material stored or used at the proposed solar facility. 7-206. WILDFIRE HAZARDS The Garfield County Community Wildfire Protection Plan indicates the site is in a “lowest risk” area. Solar photovoltaic facilities are constructed almost entirely of nonflammable materials such as steel, glass, and silicon and cannot self-sustain a fire. All electronic components of the solar facility are designed to meet all applicable codes, including the national electric code. The existing driveway will provide adequate access for the fire department. ~~ Pivot ~F Energy 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net 7-207. NATURAL AND GEOLOGIC HAZARDS The subject property is relatively flat. The solar facility will be supported by piles driven into the ground, which can be adjusted in depth to accommodate most slope conditions. Minimal to no grading will be required to install the solar arrays. Solar facilities are unique in that they can generally conform to the existing topography of the land without the need for grading. Grading adds additional cost and complexity to a project’s construction and is therefore avoided unless absolutely necessary. The area proposed for the solar facility is not a known natural or geologic hazard area. 7-208. RECLAMATION Pivot will re-vegetate any areas that sustain damage during construction. A native seed mixture will be applied to any areas where grass damage occurs. DIVISION 3. SITE PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS 7-301. COMPATIBLE DESIGN The immediately adjacent properties contain a mixture of grazing, commercial, and residential uses. The proposed project is bordered to the North by River Frontage Rd and I-70, and is buffered by open land to the east and west. To the south, the project will be buffered from the Colorado River by a minimum of approximately 500-600 feet, and, though not required, Pivot will incorporate additional vegetative screening to further buffer the project from the residences across the river, a minimum of approximately one-quarter mile away. 7-302. OFF-STREET PARKING AND LOADING STANDARDS There will be adequate on-site parking for construction activity within the lease area. There are also adequate parking areas within the proposed solar facility for the routine maintenance crew, who will normally visit the site 4 to 8 times per year and drive a standard-sized pick-up truck. 7-303. LANDSCAPING STANDARDS Where possible, Pivot will work with the existing vegetation on the site, and if additional landscaping materials are needed, the native vegetation found onsite will be mimicked to ensure successful plantings. 7-304. LIGHTING STANDARDS As this is an unmanned facility that operates only during daylight hours, no lighting is proposed onsite. 7-305. SNOW STORAGE STANDARDS There will be adequate area for snow removal and storage within the lease area, though snow removal is not necessary for the operation of the solar facility. 7-306. TRAIL AND WALKWAY STANDARDS Should a trail or walkway be required, a discussion will be held between the property owners, Pivot, and Garfield County staff. ~~ Pivot ~F Energy 888.734.3033 | 1601 Wewatta St #700, Denver, CO 80202 | pivotenergy.net OTHER PERTIENT STANDARDS 7-1001.B INDUSTRIAL USE - SETBACKS This section has been included at the suggestion of Garfield County staff, as these 100-foot setbacks have been applied to large solar facilities in the past, even though a solar energy facility is not considered an “industrial” use in the code. The property immediately to the east of the proposed site is zoned Rural and therefore can be considered residential. However, this property is under common ownership as the subject property, and the residence is located approximately 1550 feet from the proposed project, meaning that an additional 100 feet of setback area would not substantially change the impact of the project’s location. Because the parcel is under common ownership and the residence is already set back quite far from the project boundary, Pivot is requesting a waiver of this standard. 7-1101. SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS The proposed project will incorporate appropriate signage around the facility. ~~ Pivot ~F Energy 1001325 10/29/2024 03:26:49 PM Page 1 of 1 Jacklyn K. Harmon, Garfield County, Colorado Rec Fee: $13.00 Doc Fee: $0.00 eRecorded Garfield County STATEMENT OF AUTHORITY Pursuant to C.R.S. §38-30-172, the undersigned executes this Statement of Authority on behalf of Pivot Energy Inc. a Delaware Corporation (corporation, limited liability company, general partnership, registered limited liability partnership, registered limited liability limited partnership, limited partnership association, government agency, trust or other), an entity other than an individual, capable of holding title to real property (the "Entity"), and states as follows: The name of the Entity is _P_iv_ot_E_n_e~rg~y_ln_c_. ---------------------~ and is formed under the laws of _D_e_la_w_ar_e _____________________ _ The mailing address for the Entity is 1601 Wewatta St, Ste 700, Denver, CO 80202 The name and/or position of the person authorized to execute instruments conveying, encumbering, or otherwise affecting title to real property on behalf of the Entity is Kyle Sundman, Authorized Representative; Jonathan Fitzpatrick, Authorized Representative; and Thomas Hunt, Authorized Representative The limitations upon the authority of the person named above or holding the position described above to bind the Entity are as follows (if no limitations, insert "None"): _N_o_ne_. __________ _ Other matters concerning the manner in which the Entity deals with any interest in real property are (if no other matter, leave this section blank): ____________________ _ . 2o__l_!J_. Signature: ---r---;::,,.:.......:::.---c;...-=""-s::-------- Name (printed . _K..;;..yl_e_S_un_d_m_a_n _________ _ Title (if any): Authorized Representative STATE OF couNrv oF De,V\Je,v· The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this ~day of ()t-,tdoe,v' I . I <-~ p . by C..:3 -t'✓ Ou ,u,J{ \l':i'.\?:(d/\ • on behalfof ; ,10 t f:.i0.;i,qf'' l'-'\C> D:eJ <" V(;,(.r£. (, o cprsr:cd:to(A,, . J )SS. ) ,20~ I a Witness my hand and official seal. My commission expires: iu/10/1,, 1 ' 1 (Date) ~--~ [SEAL] (Notary Public) BRADLEY THOMAS NOTARY PUBLIC -STATE OF COLORADO NOTARY ID 20234038396 MY COMMISSION EXPIRES OCT 10, 2027 1020735 07/20/2026 03:52:59 PM Page 1 of 1 Jacklyn K. Harmon, Garfield County, Colorado Rec Fee: $43.00 Doc Fee: $0.00 e ded Garfield County STATEMENT OF AUTHORITY Purz:r to C~.S. ~38-30-172, the undersigned executes this Statement of Authority on behalf of /f .) I) / 0--V , a /..,,, L c__ (corporation, limited I liability company, general partnership, registered limited liability partnership, registered limited liability limited partnership, limited partnership association, government agency, trust or other), an entity other than an individual, capable of holding title to real property (the "Entity"), and states as follows: ThenameoftheEntityis J) Jf ~~ and is formed under the laws of 1 ; • • -:_.. /) /, r' •• The mailing address ("he Entity is5-: -)£ 0, ::~~;;; ~ £ £,I IY<Yd 6 ~ 'i:le (a /oat. da [JI/ i/ 2 The name and/or position of the person authorized to execute instr_~nts conveyi~. en~mbering, or otherwise affecting title to real property on behalf of the Entity i~ &e-h •/-· , e-rcfc~ .. ~ , The limitations upon the authority of the person named above or holding the position described above to bind the Entity are as follows (if no limitations, insert "None"): ____________ _ Other matters concerning the manner in which the Entity deals with any interest in real property are (if no other matter, leave this section blank): --------------------- STATE OF The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this ?2 day of -A;:>0 I by 1;'();;:.,'.1+ yc,.-{eJ.So/1. , on behalfof -~7>=-=13.....__ . ...,S"'"'a=/ac...,.,_ _______ ~, a Witness my hand and official seal. My commission expires: 51t/rz..?.../"ZIJ'l.:1 ' (Date) CERTIFICATION OF MINERAL OWNER RESEARCH This form is to be completed and submitted with any application for a Land Use Change Permit. Mineral interests may be severed from surface right interests in real property. C.R.S. § 24-65.5-101, et seq, requires notification to mineral owners when a landowner applies for an application for development from a local government. As such, the landowner must research the current owners of mineral interests for the property. The Garfield County Land Use and Development Code of 2013 (“LUDC”) Section 4-101(E)(1)(b)(4) requires written notice to owners of mineral interests in the subject property in accordance with C.R.S. § 24-65.5-101, et seq, “as such owners can be identified through the records in the office of the Clerk and Recorder or Assessor, or through other means.” This form is proof of applicant’s compliance with the Colorado Revised Statutes and the LUDC. The undersigned applicant certifies that mineral owners have been researched for the subject property as required pursuant to C.R.S. § 24-65.5-101, et seq, and Section 4-101 (E)(1)(b)(4) of the Garfield County Land Use and Development Code, as amended. As a result of that research, the undersigned applicant certifies the following (Please initial on the blank line next to the statement that accurately reflects the result of research): I own the entire mineral estate relative to the subject property; or Minerals are owned by the parties listed below The names and addresses of any and all mineral owners identified are provided below (attach additional pages as necessary): Name of Mineral Owner Mailing Address of Mineral Owner I acknowledge I reviewed C.R.S. § 24-65.5-101, et seq, and I am in compliance with said statue and the LUDC. _____________________________________________ _________________________________ Applicant’s Signature Date None entititled to notice per C.R.S § 24-65.5-101. Please see attached letter from Zeren Land Services Kyle Sundman (May 12, 2026 15:35:18 MDT)12/05/2026 cG{ Garfield County P.O. Box 336337 Greeley, CO 80633 LAND SERVICES OIL AND GAS TITLE Phone(970)351-0733 Fax (970) 351-0867 LIST OF MINERAL OWNERS AND MINERAL LESSEES for NOTIFICATION (DB Solar LLC Property) UPDATE Subject Property: Townshi p 6 South , Ran ge 92 West ofthe 6th P.M., Garfield Coun ty. CO (PS 63 ) A tract of land lying in part of the SE¼SE¼ of Section 1 and Lots 1 and 3 in the NW¼NE¼ of Section 12, being more particularly described on Exhibit A Zeren Land Services, an oil and gas title research company, states that to the best of its knowledge the following is a true and accurate list of the names and addresses of the mineral owners and mineral leasehold owners entitled to notice under the Surface Development Notification Act, Colorado Revised Statutes §24-65.5-101, et seq. in the Subject Property based upon the records of the Garfield County Assessor and Clerk Recorder as of March 24, 2026 at 7:45 a.m.: Mineral Owners: Mineral Leasehold Owners: None (entitled to notice) None (entitled to notice) Dated this ist day of April, 2026. ZEREN LAND SERVICES By: nthia A. E. Zeren, CP Ce ified Professional Landman #4044 Page 1 of 3 At the request of Pivot Energy ("Client"), Zeren Land Services, an independent land consulting firm, has prepared the foregoing list of mineral estate owners entitled to notice under the Surface Development Notification Act, Colorado Revised Statutes §24-65.5-101, et seq. Zeren Land Services, searched (i) the records of the Garfield County Assessor relating to the Subject Property for persons identified therein as mineral estate owners, and (ii) the records of the Garfield County Clerk and Recorder relating to the Subject Property for recorded requests for notification in the form specified in the Surface Development Notification Act. The results of these searches are set forth above in this List of Mineral Owners Entitled to Notice. At the date of the search, the records of the Assessor and the Clerk and Recorder were posted through March 24, 2026 at 7:45 A.M. Zeren Land Services, agreed to prepare this listing for the Client only if the Client agreed that the liability of Zeren Land Services, would be strictly limited to the amount paid by the Client for such services. Zeren Land Services, makes no warranty, express, implied or statutory, in connection with the accuracy, completeness or sufficiency of such listing of mineral estate owners. In the event the listing proves to be inaccurate, incomplete, insufficient or otherwise defective in any way whatsoever or for any reason whatsoever, the liability of Zeren Land Services, shall never exceed the actual amount paid by Client to Zeren Land Services, for the listing. In order to induce Zeren Land Services, to provide such services, Client further agreed to indemnify and hold Zeren Land Services, its managers, members and employees, harmless from and against all claims by all persons (including, but not limited to Client) of whatever kind or character arising out of the preparation and use of each such listing of mineral estate owners, to the extent that such claims exceed the actual amount paid to Client by Zeren Land Services, for such listing. Client specifically intends that both the foregoing limitation on liability and foregoing indemnification shall be binding and effective without regard to the cause of the claim, inaccuracy or defect, including, but not limited to, breach of representation, warranty or duty, any theory of tort or of breach of contract, or the fault or negligence of any party (including Zeren Land Services) of any kind or character (regardless of whether the fault or negligence is sole, joint, concurrent, simple or gross). Client's use of this listing evidences Client's acceptance of, and agreement with, this limitation on liability and the indemnification. ZEREN LAND SERVICES Date: April 1, 2026 By:_=--,.ii,t......;..--..!...-"""':......£~~~--- Cynthi Page 2 of 3 EXHIBIT A TOWNSHIP 6 SOUTH , RANGE 92 WEST OF THE 6TH P.M. THAT PART OF THE SE¼SE¼ OF SECTION 1, AND LOTS 1 AND THREE 3, AND THE NW¼NE¼ OF SECTION 12, BEING MORE PARTICULARLY DESCRIBED AS FOLLOWS: LYING SOUTH OF THE RIGHT-OF-WAY OF THE DENVER & RIO GRANDE WESTERN RAILROAD AND EAST OF A NORTH AND SOUTH LINE DRAWN THROUGH SAID LOT 3 AND THE NW¼NE¼ OF SAID SECTION 12, 1449 FEET WEST OF THE EAST LINE OF SAID SECTION AND ALSO ALL THAT PORTION OF THE NW¼NE¼, AND LOT 3 OF SAID SECTION 12, LYING BETWEEN THE RIGHT-OF- WAY OF THE RIO GRANDE JUNCTION RAILROAD AND THE NORTH MEANDER LINE OF THE GRAND RIVER AND WEST OF A NORTH AND SOUTH LINE 1449 FEET WEST FROM THE EAST LINE OF SAID SECTION 12; TOGETHER WITH THE ROADWAY USED IN CONNECTION WITH SAID LAND AS DESCRIBED INSTRUMENT RECORDED IN BOOK 88 AT PAGE 87AND ALSO A TRACT OF LAND IN SECTION 11 AND 12, TOWNSHIP 6 SOUTH, RANGE 92 WEST OF THE SIXTH PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN, MORE PARTICULARLY DESCRIBED AS BEGINNING AT THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF LOT 2 OF SECTION 12; THENCE SOUTH ALONG THE EAST LINE OF SAID LOT 2 AS EXTENDED SOUTHERLY TO THE NORTH BANK OF THE COLORADO RIVER; THENCE ALONG THE NORTHERLY BANK OF THE COLORADO RIVER TO THE INTERSECTION OF SAID BANK WITH THE WEST LINE OF LOT 1 OF SAID SECTION EXTENDED SOUTHERLY, THENCE NORTHERLY ALONG THE WEST LINE LOT 1, SECTION 11 AS EXTENDED SOUTHERLY TO THE SOUTHWEST CORNER OF SAID LOT 1; IT IS THE INTENT AND PURPOSE OF THIS CONVEYANCE TO COVER ALL MEANDERED LAND BETWEEN THE NORTHERLY BANK OF THE COLORADO RIVER AND LOT 1 OF SECTION 11, THE NW¼NW¼ AND LOT 2 OF SECTION 12, TOWNSHIP 6 SOUTH, RANGE 92 WEST OF THE SIXTH PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN AND ALSO LOT 2 OF SECTION 12, AND THAT PART OF LOT 1 OF SECTION 11, NW¼NW¼ AND NE¼NW¼ OF SECTION 12 LYING SOUTH OF THE NORTH LINE OF THE RIGHT-OF-WAY FOR U.S HIGHWAY 6 AND 24, ALL IN TOWNSHIP 6 SOUTH, RANGE 92 WEST OF THE SIXTH PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN; TOGETHER WITH THE PROPERTY DESCRIBED IN THE DEED RECORDED FEBRUARY 1, 2010 UNDER RECEPTION NO. 781377; EXCEPTING FROM ALL OR ANY OF THE ABOVE DESCRIBED TRACTS THE FOLLOWING: 1. A DEED FROM JOHN L. PETERSON AND MILDRED A. PETERSON TO UNITED STATES OF AMERICA RECORDED APRIL 12, 1965 UNDER RECEPTION NO. 229383, IN BOOK 365 AT PAGE 181 OF THE GARFIELD COUNTY RECORDS, SUBJECT, HOWEVER, TO A CORRECTION OF THE AFORESAID DEED BY CROSS QUIT CLAIM DEEDS BETWEEN THE ABOVE PARTIES RECORDED APRIL 3, 1981, UNDER RECEPTION NO. 313482, IN BOOK 568 AT PAGE 754 AND APRIL 3, 1981 UNDER RECEPTION NO. 313483, IN BOOK 568 AT PAGE 756 OF THE GARFIELD COUNTY RECORDS; AND 2. A CONVEYANCE BY RULE AND ORDER FROM THE GARFIELD COUNTY DISTRICT COURT IN CASE NO. 253501, APRIL 28, 1972 UNDER RECEPTION NO. 253501 IN BOOK 430 AT PAGE 124; AND 3. A WARRANTY DEED TO GEORGE F. FIELDS AND JAMES M. FIELDS RECORDED JANUARY 10, 1980 UNDER RECEPTION NO. 300822, IN BOOK 542 AT PAGE 135 OF THE GARFIELD COUNTY RECORDS, SUBJECT TO A RESERVED RIGHT BY GRANTOR FOR DITCH MAINTENANCE. AND FURTHER EXCEPTING THE PROPERTY DESCRIBED IN DEED RECORDED FEBRUARY 1, 2010 UNDER RECEPTION NO. 781378. COUNTY OF GARFIELD, STATE OF COLORADO Page 3 of 3